1986年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题
SectionICloseTest
Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourchoiceslabeled［A］,［B］,［C］and［D.Choosethebestoneandputyourchoiceinthebracketsbelowthepassage.Readthewholepassagebeforemakingyourchoices.(10points)
①OnWednesdayafternoonsAnnietookthebusintotowntoshopinthemarket.②Foranhouror1shewouldwalkupanddownbetweenthestallslookingateverything,buyinghereandthere,and2asharplookoutforthebargainsthatweresometimestobehad.③Andthen,withallthethingssheneeded3shewouldleavethemarketforthestreetsofthetowntospendanotherhour4shelikedbest:lookinginfurnitureshopwindows.
④OneWednesdayshefoundanewshopfullofthemostdelightfulthings,withanoticeinvitinganyonetowalkinandlook5withoutfeelingtheyhadtobuysomething.⑤Anniehesitatedforamomentbeforesteppingthroughthedoorwaywhere,almostatonce,shestopped6beforeagreenarmchair.⑥Therewasacardonthechairwhichsaid:“Thisfinechairisyours7lessthanapoundaweek,”andverysmallatthebottom,“Cashpriceeighty-ninepoundsfifty.”⑦Apoundaweek...8,shecouldalmostpaythatoutofherhousekeepingmoneyandnevermissit!⑧Avoiceathershouldermadeher9.“CanIhelpyou,Madam?”⑨Shelookedroundattheassistantwhohadcomesoftlytoher10.
⑩“Oh,well,no,”shesaid.“Iwasjustlooking.”“We’vechairsofallkindsintheshowroom.Ifyou’lljustcomeup,youwillfindsomethingtosuityou.”
Annie,worriedatthethoughtofbeingpersuadedtobuysomethingshedidn’tneed,lefttheshophurriedly.[276words]
1.［A］so ［B］more ［C］else ［D］another
2.［A］taking ［B］making ［C］fixing ［D］keeping
3.［A］buy ［B］bought ［C］buying ［D］tohavebought
4.［A］inaway ［B］bytheway ［C］intheway ［D］ontheway
5.［A］behind ［B］round ［C］back ［D］on
6.［A］doubted ［B］wondered ［C］puzzled ［D］delighted
7.［A］at ［B］for ［C］with ［D］in
8.［A］Why ［B］When ［C］How ［D］What
9.［A］jump ［B］leap ［C］laugh ［D］wonder
10.［A］place ［B］back ［C］side ［D］front
SectionII ReadingComprehension
Eachofthetwopassagesbelowisfollowedbyfivequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswers.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.Putyourchoiceinthebracketsontheleft.(10points)
Text1
①Thereareagreatmanycareersinwhichtheincreasingemphasisisonspecialization.②Youfindthesecareersinengineering,inproduction,instatisticalwork,andinteaching.③Butthereisanincreasingdemandforpeoplewhoareabletotakeingreatareaataglance,peoplewhoperhapsdonotknowtoomuchaboutanyonefield.④Thereis,inotherwords,ademandforpeoplewhoarecapableofseeingtheforestratherthanthetrees,ofmakinggeneraljudgments.⑤Wecancallthesepeople“generalists.”⑥Andthese“generalists”areparticularlyneededforpositionsinadministration,whereitistheirjobtoseethatotherpeopledothework,wheretheyhavetoplanforotherpeople,toorganizeotherpeople’swork,tobeginitandjudgeit.
①Thespecialistunderstandsonefield;hisconcerniswithtechniqueandtools.②Heisa“trained”man;andhiseducationalbackgroundisproperlytechnicalorprofessional.③Thegeneralist—andespeciallytheadministrator—dealswithpeople;hisconcerniswithleadership,withplanning,andwithdirectiongiving.④Heisan“educated”man;andthehumanitiesarehisstrongestfoundation.⑤Veryrarelyisaspecialistcapableofbeinganadministrator.⑥Andveryrarelyisagoodgeneralistalsoagoodspecialistinparticularfield.⑦Anyorganizationneedsbothkindsofpeople,thoughdifferentorganizationsneedthemindifferentproportions.⑧Itisyourtasktofindout,duringyourtrainingperiod,intowhichofthetwokindsofjobsyoufit,andtoplanyourcareeraccordingly.
①Yourfirstjobmayturnouttobetherightjobforyou--butthisispureaccident.②Certainlyyoushouldnotchangejobsconstantlyorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofyourabilitytoholdanyjob.③Atthesametimeyoumustnotlookuponthefirstjobasthefinaljob;itisprimarilyatrainingjob,anopportunitytounderstandyourselfandyourfitnessforbeinganemployee.
11.Thereisanincreasingdemandfor________. [A]allroundpeopleintheirownfields [B]peoplewhosejobistoorganizeotherpeople’swork [C]generalistswhoseeducationalbackgroundiseithertechnicalorprofessional [D]specialistswhosechiefconcernistoprovideadministrativeguidancetoothers
12. Thespecialistis________. [A]amanwhosejobistotrainotherpeople [B]amanwhohasbeentrainedinmorethanonefields [C]amanwhocanseetheforestratherthanthetrees [D]amanwhoseconcernismainlywithtechnicalorprofessionalmatters
13.Theadministratoris________. [A]a“trained”manwhoismoreaspecialistthanageneralist [B]amanwhoseesthetreesaswellastheforest [C]amanwhoisverystronginthehumanities
[D]amanwhoisan“educated”specialist
14.Duringyourtrainingperiod,itisimportant________. [A]totrytobeageneralist [B]tochooseaprofitablejob [C]tofindanorganizationwhichfitsyou [D]todecidewhetheryouarefittobeaspecialistorageneralist
15.Aman’sfirstjob________. [A]isnevertherightjobforhim [B]shouldnotberegardedashisfinaljob [C]shouldnotbechangedorpeoplewillbecomesuspiciousofhisabilitytoholdanyjob [D]isprimarilyanopportunitytofithimselfforhisfinaljob
Text2
①AtthebottomoftheworldliesamightycontinentstillwrappedintheIceAgeand,untilrecenttimes,unknowntoman.②Itisagreatlandmasswithmountainrangeswhoseextentandelevationarestilluncertain.③Muchofthecontinentisacompleteblankonourmaps.④Manhasexplored,onfoot,lessthanonepercentofitsarea.⑤AntarcticadiffersfundamentallyfromtheArcticregions.⑥TheArcticisanocean,coveredwithdriftingpackediceandhemmedinbythelandmassesofEurope,Asia,andNorthAmerica.⑦TheAntarcticisacontinentalmostaslargeasEuropeandAustraliacombined,centeredroughlyontheSouthPoleandsurroundedbythemostunobstructedwaterareasoftheworld--theAtlantic,Pacific,andIndianOceans.
①Thecontinentalicesheetismorethantwomileshighinitscentre,thus,theairovertheAntarcticisfarmorerefrigeratedthanitisovertheArcticregions.②Thiscoldaircurrentfromthelandissoforcefulthatitmakesthenearbyseasthestormiestintheworldandrendersunlivablethoseregionswhosecounterpartsattheoppositeendoftheglobeareinhabited.③Thus,morethanamillionpersonslivewithin2,000milesoftheNorthPoleinanareathatincludesmostofAlaska,Siberia,andScandinavia--aregionrichinforestandminingindustries.④Apartfromahandfulofweatherstations,withinthesamedistanceoftheSouthPolethereisnotasingletree,industry,orsettlement.
16.Thebesttitleforthisselectionwouldbe________. [A]Iceland [B]LandofOpportunity [C]TheUnknownContinent [D]UtopiaatLast
17.Atthetimethisarticlewaswritten,ourknowledgeofAntarcticawas________. [A]verylimited [B]vast [C]fairlyrich [ [D]nonexistent
18.Antarcticaisborderedbythe________. [A]PacificOcean [B]IndianOcean [C]AtlanticOcean [D]Allthree
19.TheAntarcticismadeuninhabitableprimarilyby________. 1 [A]coldair [B]calmseas [C]ice [D]lackofknowledgeaboutthecontinent
20.Accordingtothisarticle________. [A]2,000peopleliveontheAntarcticContinent [B]amillionpeoplelivewithin2,000milesoftheSouthPole [C]weatherconditionswithina2,000mileradiusoftheSouthPolemakesettlementsimpractical [D]onlyahandfulofnativesinhabitAntarctica
SectionIII English-ChineseTranslation
TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Onlytheunderlinedsentencesaretobetranslated.(20points)
Itwouldbeinterestingtodiscoverhowmanyyoungpeoplegotouniversitywithoutanyclearideaofwhattheyaregoingtodoafterwards.(21)Ifoneconsiderstheenormousvarietyofcoursesoffered,itisnothardtoseehowdifficultitisforastudenttoselectthecoursemostsuitedtohisinterestsandabilities.(22)Ifastudentgoestouniversitytoacquireabroaderperspectiveoflife,toenlargehisideasandtolearntothinkforhimself,hewillundoubtedlybenefit.(23)Schoolsoftenhavetoorestrictinganatmosphere,withitstimetablesanddisciplines,toallowhimmuchtimeforindependentassessmentoftheworkheisaskedtodo.(24)Moststudentswould,Ibelieve,profitbyayearofsuchexplorationofdifferentacademicstudies,especiallythose“allrounders”withnoparticularinterest.Theyshouldhavelongertimetodecideinwhatsubjecttheywanttotaketheirdegrees,sothatinlaterlife,theydonotlookbackandsay,“Ishouldliketohavebeenanarchaeologist.IfIhadn’ttakenadegreeinModernLanguages,Ishouldn’thaveendedupasaninterpreter,butit’stoolatenow.Icouldn’tgobackandbeginalloveragain.”
(25)Thereis,ofcourse,anothersidetothequestionofhowtomakethebestuseofone’stimeatuniversity.(26)Thisisthecaseofthestudentwhoexcelsinaparticularbranchoflearning.(27)HeisimmediatelyacceptedbytheUniversityofhischoice,andspendshisthreeorfouryearsbecomingaspecialist,emergingwithafirst-classHonourDegreeandverylittleknowledgeofwhattherestoftheworldisallabout.(28)Itthereforebecomesmoreandmoreimportantthat,ifstudentsarenottowastetheiropportunities,therewillhavetobemuchmoredetailedinformationaboutcoursesandmoreadvice.Onlyinthiswaycanwebesurethatwearenottohave,ontheonehand,abandofspecialistsignorantofanythingoutsideoftheirownsubject,andontheotherhand,aneverincreasingnumberofgraduatesqualifiedinsubjectsforwhichthereislittleornodemandintheworkingworld.
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