病情播报: 患儿1岁3月女童,主因“间断发热25天,精神反应差20天”入院。 查体:神志不清,易激惹,略烦躁,颈部可触及数枚肿大淋巴结;颈抵抗阳性;腹膨隆,肝肋下3cm,脾脏肋下2.5cm,质韧缘钝;双侧巴氏征阳性,四肢肌张力增高。 辅助检查:血常规白细胞1.39×10^9/L,血红蛋白82g/L,血小板64×10^9/L;纤维蛋白原1g/L,甘油三酯2.04mmol/L;铁蛋白 901.7ng/mL;NK细胞活性降低;骨髓细胞学检查可见吞噬成熟红细胞的网状细胞。 血浆EBV-DNA 1.34×10^4,全血EBV-DNA7.49×10^5,脑脊液EBV-DNA 7.22×10^4; 脑脊液白细胞220×10^6/L,单核70%,脑脊液氯化物110mmol/L,糖2.57mmol/L,蛋白4894mg/L; 头颅核磁:双侧基底节内见不均匀模糊斑片状稍长T2信号。 腹部超声提示肝脾大,腹腔积液;心脏彩超提示心包积液;冠脉超声提示左冠状动脉瘤,右冠脉内径增宽; 诊断:1. EB病毒相关噬血细胞综合征;2. 噬血细胞综合征中枢神经系统受累;3. EB病毒脑炎;4. 冠状动脉瘤。 时间:2019.3.4 主讲人:窦珍珍住院医师 参加人员:感染内科全体医护 EB病毒相关噬血细胞综合征
本周新词 Hemophagocytic [heməˌfæɡə'sitik] lymphohistiocytosis [lɪmfəˌhɪstiˌoʊsaɪ'toʊsɪs] 噬血细胞综合征 splenomegaly [ˌsplinoʊ'megəlɪ]脾肿大 hypertriglyceridemia [haɪpərˌtraɪglɪsəˌraɪ'di:mɪə]高甘油三酯血症 hypofibrinogenemia [ˌhaipəfaiˌbrinɔdʒe'ni:miə] 低纤维蛋白原血症 transaminases /træns'æmɪnez/ 转氨酶 bilirubin /ˌbɪlɪ'rubɪn/ 胆红素 somnolence /ˈsɑmnələns/ 嗜睡 myasthenia /ˌmaɪəs'θinɪə/ 肌无力 hypomyotonia [haɪpoʊmaɪə'toʊnɪr]肌张力减低 paralysis [pəˈræləsɪs]瘫痪 Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare but potentially fatal disease. Diagnostic criteria for HLH including: Fever, splenomegaly, cytopenias, hypertriglyceridemia and/or hypofibrinogenemia, hemophagocytosis in bone marrow or spleen or lymph nodes, low or absent NK-cell activity, elevated of ferritin, elevated soluble CD25. Patients fulfill five of these criterias can be diagnosed with HLH. Other features for HLH including elevated transaminases, bilirubin, LDH, D-Dimers and elevated CSF cells or CSF protein. HLH patients with one or more neurological manifestation of seizure, irritability, somnolence, coma, myasthenia, hypomyotonia, paralysis, and unconsciousness were considered as CNS involvement. HLH can be classified with primary one and secondary one. Infections associated with HLH are most frequently caused by viruses, particularly Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). 参考译文: 噬血细胞综合征是一种少见但具有潜在致死性的疾病,诊断HLH的标准包括:发热、脾大、血细胞减少、高甘油三酯血症/低纤维蛋白原血症、骨髓、脾脏或淋巴结出现吞噬细胞、NK 细胞活性降低、高血清铁蛋白、可溶性CD25增高。病人满足上述8条标准中的5条即可诊断HLH。噬血细胞综合征的其他特点包括转氨酶增高、胆红素增高、LDH增高、D二聚体增高以及脑脊液细胞数及蛋白增高。HLH患者出现一项或多项以下表现考虑存在中枢神经系统受累:抽搐、易激惹、嗜睡、昏迷、肌力减低、肌张力减低、瘫痪、意识不清。HLH可分为原发性和继发性,感染相关的HLH常见于病毒感染,尤其是EB病毒感染。 主要参考文献: 1. Rouphael NG, et al. Infections associated with haemophagocytic syndrome. Lancet Infect Dis 2007;7(12):814-22. 2. 噬血细胞综合征中国专家联盟,中华医学会儿科学分会血液学组.噬血细胞综合征诊治中国专家共识[J].中华医学杂志,2018,98(2):91-95. 3. Janka GE, et al. Hemophagocytic syndromes--an update. Blood Rev 2014;28(4):135-42. 4. Zhao YZ, et al. Central Nervous System Involvement in 179 Chinese Children with Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018;131(15):1786-92. 5. Henter JI, et al. HLH-2004: Diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2007;48(2):124-31. 6. Kawamura Y, et al. A case of Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with severe cardiac complications. BMC Pediatr 2016;16(1):172 7. Bousfiha A, et al. The 2017 IUIS Phenotypic Classification for Primary Immunodeficiencies, J Clin Immunol (2018) 38:129–143 本期审阅:陈天明 本期编辑:窦珍珍 |
|
来自: goodluckchao > 《待分类》