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高考英语语法专题讲与练之情态动词和虚拟语气

 唯美素材 2022-11-23 发布于河北

高考英语语法专题讲与练◉专题十三  情态动词和虚拟语气

一、虚拟语气在从句中的用法和构成一览表

类别

用法

例句

if引导的条件状语从句

与现在事实相反

从句动词:过去式(be多用were,但在口语中,如果主语是第一/三人称,be动词可用was)主句动词:should/would/could/might+动词原形

If he were here, he would help us. 如果他在这,他会帮我们的。

与过去事实相反

从句动词:had+过去分词;主句动词:should/would/could/might + have+过去分词

If I had been free, I would have visited you. 如果我那时有空,我就会去拜访你了。

与将来事实相反

从句动词:过去式/ should+动词原形/ were+不定式;主句动词:should/would/could/might +动词原形

If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go camping. 如果明天下雨,我们就不去露营了。

其他状语从句

as if/though引导的状语从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式

They are talking was if they were/ had been friends for years. 他们交谈着,好像是多年的老朋友。

even if/though引导的从句,与现在/将来事实相反时,从句动词用过去式,主句动词用should/would+动词原形;与过去事实相反时,从句动词用had+过去分词,主句动词用should/would+ have+过去分词

Even if we failed, we wouldn’t lose courage. 即使我们失败了,我们也不会失去勇气。

宾语从句

demand, require, advise, suggest, order, insist(坚持要求)等表命令、建议、要求的动词后所接的宾语从句中的动词用(should)+动词原形

He suggested that we (should) not change our mind. 他建议我们不要改变主意。

wish后所接的宾语从句中的谓语动词分别用过去式、过去完成式和could/would+动词原形表示与现在、过去和将来情况相反的假设

I wish I could be a pop singer. 我希望我是一名流行歌手。

主语从句

It is necessary/important/strange that…, It is suggested/ demanded/ordered/requested that…等后所接的主语从句中,谓语动词用(should)+动词原形

It is strange that such a person should be our friends. 很奇怪的是这样一个人会成为我们的朋友。

表语从句和同位语从句

idea, advice, order, demand, request等表命令、建议、要求的名词后所接的表语从句和同位语从句中的谓语动词用(should)+动词原形

My advice is that you (should) finish your homework first. 我的建议是你首先应该做完家庭作业。

The idea that you (should) go is right. 你走的建议是正确的。

其他句型中

It is (high) time that…句型中定语从句的谓语动词用过去式或should+动词原形(优先使用过去式)

It is high time that we left. 该是我们离开的时候了。

would rather所接的从句中动词用过去式或者过去完成式

I would rather you stayed at home now. 我宁愿你现在待在家里。

if only句型中动词常用过去式或者过去完成式,表示强烈的愿望

If only our dream had come true!

要是我们的梦想成真该多好!

二、其他要注意的事项

1. 虚拟语气中出现be的过去式,在口语中,当主语是第一、三人称单数时,可用was,但在if的倒装句中只能用were。如:Were I you, I would apologize to her. 如果我是你的话,我就会去向她道歉。

2. suggest表“暗示、表明”和insist表“坚持认为”时,其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。如:

Your pale face suggests that you are ill. 你苍白的脸色表明你生病了。

He insisted that he was right. 他坚持认为他是对的。(insist表“坚持要求”时,其后的宾语从句则要用虚拟语气)

3. if虚拟语气条件句中如有had, should, were,可省略if,并将这些词提前引起倒装。如:

Were I you, I would remain. 如果我是你,我会留下来。

Had you told me earlier, I wouldn’t have missed it. 如果你早点告诉我,我就不会错过它了。

4. 可用without, but for构成的介词短语代替虚拟语气条件句。如:

But for your help, I would have failed the exam. 如果没有你的帮助,我不会通过考试的。

Without water, there would be no life. 没有水,就没有生命。

5. as if/though, even if/though引导的从句也可以不用虚拟语气,表示真实的情况。如:

It looks as if it is going to rain. 看起来似乎要下雨了。

三、情态动词基本用法一览表

情态动词

用法

例句

注意事项

can

could

表许可(may可互换)、能力;表怀疑、猜测、可能性(用于否定和疑问句中)could可表比can更委婉的语气及用于虚拟语气

You can/may sit here.

He can’t be sixty.

Could you come again tomorrow?

canbe able to都可表能力,但be able to可表“某事终于成功”,有时态的变化

may

might

表许可(问句中表请求,might更委婉);表可能、或许、猜测(might语气更加不肯定);表祝愿(用于倒装句中)

May/Might I use your bike?

He may/might be at home.

May you succeed!

May…do…?的否定回答用mustn’t/can’t

May/Might…do…?的否定回答用can’t/might not

must

表必须、应该(表主观要求);表推测(用于肯定句),意为“准是、一定”

You must study hard.

She must be tired.

否定式mustn’t表“不准、禁止”;对Must…do…?的否定回答用needn’t/don’t/doesn’t have to(不必)

have to

只好,不得不(客观的必须),口语中也可用have/has got to

Without help, I had to do it myself.

have to有时态和人称的变化

ought to

应当(表示义务或责任,口语中多用should)

You ought to obey laws.

否定式oughtn’t;疑问句用Ought…to do…?

shall

用于一、三人称的疑问句,表征询意见;用于二、三人称,表示许诺、命令、警告或表示说话人的决心等

Shall we go now?

The sigh there reads, “No person shall smoke here.”

should

表建议或劝告,意为“应该”、本该(含有责备意味)

You should learn from each other.

You should have given him help.

will

would

表意志或决心;疑问句中用于第二人称表请求(would比较委婉)

He promised he would never smoke again.

Will/Would you like some tea?

would表示过去的习惯或喜好,不涉及现在;used to表示过去常常做现在已经不再有的习惯

dare

(常用语否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中)

He dare not/daren’t sleep alone.

Dare you touch it?

过去式dared;可作实义动词

need

需要、必须(常用于否定句和疑问句中)

You needn’t do the work now.

Need…do…?的肯定回答:Yes,…must;可作实义动词

used to

过去常常(现在已不再)

He used to play football.

否定式usedn’t/usen’t to do/ used not to do/didn’t use to do;疑问Used…to do…? Did…use to do?

四、“情态动词+be doing”和“情态动词+have done”用法一览表

句式

说明

例句

can + be doing

can + have done

表示“可能”,用于否定句和疑问句(could也有此用法,只是语气更委婉)

He can’t be telling lies. 他不可能在说谎。

He can’t have told lies. 他不可能说了谎话。

could + have done

指过去没实现的动作,表“本来可以”

It’s too late. You could have told him earlier. 太迟了,你本来能早点告诉他的。

may + be doing

may + have done

表示“可能、也许”,用于肯定句

He may be doing homework. 他也许在做作业。

He may have missed the train. 他可能错过了火车。

must + be doing

肯定句,表示“一定在干某事”

The light is on. He must be working. 灯亮着,他一定在工作。

must + have done

肯定句,表示“准是干了某事”,对过去事情的肯定猜测

He is sad. He must have failed the exam. 他很伤心,准是考试不及格。

needn’t + have done

“本来不必做”,用于否定句

You needn’t have lent the book to him. He has bought it already. 你本来不必把这本书借给他,他已经买了一本。

should/ought to + have done

肯定句表示“本应该做而实际没做”;否定句表示“不应该做而实际却做了”

I should have bought it. 我应该把它买下来的。

You shouldn’t have scolded him. 你不应该责骂他的。

考点练透

1.(2022·江苏·苏州市苏州高新区第一中学—模)It’s required that at least one football class ________ (offer) each week in these schools so that they can encourage their students to actively participate in football training and matches.

2.(2022年江苏常州三模)The netizens advocated more attention ________ (give) to the women’s team.

3.—Did Justine realize his fault and do something to make up?

—I wish that I could ________ (have) that happen, but actually he still went his own way.

4.—How impressive China’s 70th anniversary of National Day parade is!

—Definitely. If only I ________ (be) on the scene!

5.Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam ________ (is) at the age of six months.

6.Without your timely help, I couldn’t ________ (finish) the task ahead of time.

7.The manager required that the work ________ (finish) before Friday.

8.The woman stood by the river still as if she ________ (turn) into a stone.

9.They set off for the destination too late; otherwise they wouldn’t ________ (stick) in the storm.

10.They would ________ (kill) him if he had not defended himself.

11.If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I ________ not be where I am.

12.Some smells can make you wish you ________(be) back in the past, or make you want to escape, which depends on whether the smell has a positive or negative association.

13.How I wish every family ________ (have) a large house with a beautiful garden.

14.—Did you go to the party last night?

—Yes, but I’d rather I ________ (go) there. It was so boring.

15.Tom recommended me that I ________ (accept) the invitation.

16.She demanded that he ________ (return) the books he had borrowed from her.

17.I expected to feel immediately different, as if I _________ (close) the door on my childhood.

18.It is recommended that these chemicals ________(forbid) to use in the course of producing.

19.I wish I ________ (have) wings to rush into the clear and blue sky.

20.The assistant quickly recommended that all the time the president________ (issue) public condemnation.

21.The doctor recommended that my brother ________ (give) up smoking.

22.He talks about the creatures of the Amazon rainforest as if he ________(explore)there before.

23.Her advice is that good study habits ________(form)in one’s childhood.

24.It's high time that we ________(apply )ourselves to the task of protecting our environment.

25.I would rather you ________ (decorate) the painting house tomorrow afternoon.

26.The doctor recommended that the medicine ________(take )three times a day.

27.But for your instruction, I __________(not make) such great progress.

28.—Do you want to drive out?

—No. I’d rather we __________(take) a taxi.

29.They stared at me as if I __________(come) from the outer space.

30.He suggested we __________ (appeal) to the high court against the sentence.

31.Some classmates suggest we ________ (go) to places of interest nearby.

32.Tom wishes that he _____(study) law instead of history when he was in university.

33.The young man performed as if he _________ (be) a woman on the stage.

34.The government urges that every effort _________   (make) to bring down food prices.

35.Therefore, it is high time that we ________(take) effective measures to improve the current situation.

36.She requested that no one ________ (tell) of her decision until the next meeting.

37.The student insisted that he ________ (try) his best and he insisted that he __________ (praise).

38.He looked so hungry as though he ________ (eat) a decent meal for a month.

39.The old man treated the boy as if he _________ his own son. (用适当的词填空)

40.If we________(catch) the flight yesterday,we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.

41.They might have found a better hotel if they________(drive) a few more kilometers.

42.It’s time you ________ (settle) your dispute with him.

43.It is required by law that a driving test ________ (take) before a man gets a license.

44.The nationwide smog serves as a constant reminder, indicating that it's high time we ________ (reflect) on ourselves.

45.I was delighted and was about to accept her proposal when she suggested we first________(go) to the West Lake and walk along the Broken Bridge.

46.You might feel as if you________(be) in a fairy tale.

47.John wants to see me now,but I have so much work on hand that I would rather he ________ (come) tomorrow than today.

48.He was still running with a smile on his face,as if nothing ________ (happen).

49.The order came that the medical supplies ________ (send) to the earthquake­stricken area soon.

50.The authorities commanded that the survivors of the mine accident ________(send)to the nearest hospital.

51.The lawyer suggested the person referred to ______ (put) into prison.

52.It's recommended that the work________(do) at once.

53.If I had enough money, I ________(build) a big house for my parents.

54.The pianist listened to our request that he _________(play) in public again.

55.It is about time that we __________ (ban) over-fishing to preserve the ecological balance.

56.I told her she shouldn't swim after a whole night's coughing, but she refused to give up and insisted she__(go).

57.If I ________(have) more time now, I would learn another foreign language.

58.I recommend that you ________ (try) Baihe.com.

59.He walked in as if he ____ (buy) the school, and the word quickly got around that he was from New York City.

60.It is lucky we booked a room, or we ________ (have) nowhere to stay now.

61.I’m ashamed that you ________(do) such a thing.

62.Environmentalists urged that more effective measures _______(adopt) by the government to reduce pollution.

63.Ellen is a fantastic dancer. I wish I ________ (dance) as well as her.

64.It is high time that we ____________ (take) measures to protect the environment.

65.It is strongly urged that the library ___________ (keep) open during the vacation.

66.He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ______ (come) to the meeting.

67.If he ___________ (approve) of my plan, the task would have been accomplished.

68.The workers were not better organized, otherwise they ________(accomplish) the task in half the time.

69.If only I __________ as clever as you!

70.It is desired that the bridge __________(build) in two years.

71.The naughty boy demanded that he_____(permit)to go on studying the next week.

72.I wish I______(be) at my sister's wedding last Tuesday, but I was on a business trip in New York then.

73.We would rather our daughter____(stay)at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.

74.It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I_______(do)it?

75.He recommended that I__________(buy)that dictionary

76.The manager gave his command that measures ________(take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.

77.It's high time we________________(destroy)the old world and build a new one.

78.I would appreciate it if I __________(offer) an opportinutity to display my talent.

79.It is essential that students ________(get)themselves prepared for the coming future.

80.He talked about the Eiffel Tower as if he ________ (see) it for himself.

81.I wish I ________ (attend) the meeting yesterday so that I didn’t have to make it up later.

82.You’re five minutes late. I suggest you ________ (come) earlier tomorrow.

83.Carson urged they________(make) themselves aware of the facts and do something about the situation.

84.It was necessary that he ________ (work) hard.

85.If I were you, I ________ (study) much harder.

86.If it________ (be) for their story, I wouldn’t have believed love at first sight.

87.We wish we ________ (pay) more attention to our pronunciation before.

88.Our teachers urge that we ________ (study) hard with the College Entrance Examination drawing near.

89.I wish that you ________ (give) me a definite answer to my application as soon as possible.

90.It is desired that we _________(get) everything ready by tonight.

91.The manager demanded that the work________(finish) by the end of the month.

92.The General commanded that food and medical supplies ________ (send) to the front line without delay.

93.It is vital that enough money ________ (collect) for the project.

94.Four little boys came up to her and demanded that she ______(take) pictures of them.

95.The teacher’s requirement is _________ we ________(recite) the passage in twenty minutes.

96.I put forward a suggestion that you________(leave) for airport an hour earlier.

97.If only she ________(look) ahead and planned better this year.

98.The teacher recommended that we ________ (read) the novel.

99.His desire is that he _________(visit) the Great Wall someday.

100.What do you think of the suggestion that mobile phones ______(ban) in primary school?

参考答案:

1.(should) be offered

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:这些学校按要求每周至少一节足球课,目的是鼓励学生积极参加足球训练和比赛。由It’s required that可知,此句考查虚拟语气,从句需用should+动词原形,且should可以省略。因为one football class与offer是动宾关系,所以用被动语态。故填(should) be offered。

2.be given

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:网友们主张更多地关注女子足球队。此处advocate表示一种建议,所以在advocate+(that)从句中,从句需要用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形,should可以省略,此处把should省略了,从句主语more attention和动词give是被动关系,故填be given。

3.have had

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:——Justine意识到自己的错误并采取措施弥补了吗?——我希望我能让他这么做,但事实上,他依然我行我素。分析句子可知,wish后是that引导的宾语从句,从句应用虚拟语气,根据主句中的“I wish”以及下文“but actually he still went his own way”可知,空格处是对过去发生的事实的虚拟,应用“could have done”的形式。故填have had。

4.had been

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:——国庆70周年阅兵式真是令人印象深刻!——当然,要是我在现场就好了!分析句子可知,空处前是主语I,故空处在这里做谓语,此句是if only引导的条件状语从句,从句应用虚拟语气,根据句意可知,此处表达的是与过去事实相反的假设,谓语动词应用had done结构。故填had been。

5.should be##be

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:眼科医生建议孩子应在六个月大时进行第一次眼睛检查。分析句子可知,谓语动词recommend,意为“建议”,后面跟的that引导的宾语从句,从句应用虚拟语气,从句谓语动词的结构为“ (should)+动词原形”,should可以省略。故填should be或be。

6.have finished

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:没有你的及时帮助,我本不可能提前完成任务。根据句意可知,此处为虚拟语气,表示对过去发生事情的假设,情态动词后接have done,could (not) have done表示“本来能够(或不可能)做某事”。故填have finished。

7.should be finished##be finished

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:经理要求这项工作必须在星期五之前完成。在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词后面的宾语从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气,should可省略。本句中谓语动词required表示要求;而且从句中的谓语动词finish和主语the work是被动关系。故填should be finished/be finished。

8.had turned

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:那个女人一动不动地站在河边,好像变成了一块石头。as if引导的从句表示所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时,应用虚拟语气;此处是表示与过去事实相反,应用过去完成时。故填had turned。

9.have been stuck

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:他们出发去目的地时已经太晚了;否则他们就不会被困在暴风雨中了。这是一个含蓄条件句,谓语动词用虚拟语气,根据上文They set off for the destination too late可知,与过去事实相反,谓语动词用would have done,主语they和谓语动词stick之间是被动关系,空格前有wouldn’t。故填have been stuck。

10.have killed

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他不为自己辩护,他们就会杀了他。由“if he had not defended himself”可知,本句是if条件句的虚拟语气,与过去事实相反,主句的谓语动词需用would have done,故填have killed。

11.would/could/might/should

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我没有面对这么多的障碍,我就不会是现在的我。分析可知,本句是错综时间的虚拟语气,根据空后where I am可知,此处是与现在事实相反的假设,主句谓语动词可使用would或could或might或should+do。故填would/could/might/should。

12.were

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:有些气味会让你希望回到过去,或者让你想要逃离,这取决于这种气味是有积极的还是消极的联想。wish后跟宾语从句时,要用虚拟语气。此处表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句的谓语动词应用一般过去时,故be动词应用were。故填were。

13.had

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我多么希望每个家庭都有一所带漂亮花园的大房子。wish后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,结合语境,陈述现在很难实现的愿望,应用一般过去时。故填had。

14.hadn’t gone

【解析】

考查虚拟语气和时态。句意:——你去参加昨晚的派对了吗?——去了,但我宁愿没去,太无聊了。would rather后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,此处陈述与过去事实相反的情况,应用过去完成时,因含有否定意义,故要加否定词not。故填hadn’t gone。

15.should accept##accept

【解析】

考查宾语从句和虚拟语气。句意:汤姆建议我接受邀请。分析句子可知,句子为“that”引导的宾语从句,作“recommended”的直接宾语,“recommend”在句中意为“建议”,故从句应用虚拟语气,谓语动词为“should do”,“should”可省略,“accept”意为“接受”,动词词性,故空格处应填“should accept”或“accept”。故填(should) accept。

16.return##should return

【解析】

考查虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。句意:她要求他把向她借的书还回去。分析句子可知,谓语动词demanded表示“要求,强烈要求”时,其后that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气(should) do,所以空处填return或者should return,表示“归还”。故填return或者should return。

17.had closed

【解析】

考查虚拟语气和时态。句意:我本以为马上就会有不同的感觉,就好像我关上了童年的大门。根据语境可知,空格处所在的句子不是事实,因此要用虚拟语气,由前面的expected可知,空格处所在句子表示对过去情况的虚拟,时态用过去完成时,因此空格处是had closed。故填had closed。

18.should be forbidden##be forbidden

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:建议在生产过程中禁止使用这些化学品。分析句子可知,It是形式主语,that引导的主语从句是真正的主语,recommended表示“建议”,主语从句应用虚拟语气,即从句谓语部分使用“(should) do”,should可省略,从句中主语chemicals和动词forbid之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,故填(should) be forbidden。

19.had

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我希望我长出一双翅膀在天空翱翔。wish后的宾语从句表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望时要用虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反的假设从句谓语用一般过去式,故填had。

20.issue##should issue

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:助手很快建议总统可以一直发布公开的谴责。recommend意为“建议”,其后的宾语从句中应使用should do虚拟语气,should可以省略。故填issue/should issue。

21.should give##give

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:医生建议我弟弟戒烟。分析句子可知,句子为宾语从句,“that”引导从句作“recommended”的宾语,“recommended”意为“建议”,此时从句要用虚拟语气,谓语动词为“(should)+动词原形”,“should”可省略,故空格处应填“should give”或“give”。故填should give/give。

22.had explored

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:他谈到亚马逊热带雨林的生物,就好像他以前去过那里一样。as if引导的从句表示非真实的情况时用虚拟语气。根据“before”可知,此处表示与过去事实相反,从句的谓语动词用过去完成时,故填had explored。

23.be formed##should be formed

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:她的建议是良好的学习习惯应该在童年时期养成。分析句子结构可知,advice后的表语从句中要用虚拟语气,即从句的谓语动词使用“(should)+动词原形”形式,且study habits与form之间为被动关系,使用被动语态。故填be formed 或should be formed。

24.applied##should apply

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:该是我们投身于保护环境这项任务的时候了。在“It's high time+that从句”这一句型中,从句谓语动词常用一般过去时或“should+动词原形”,其中should不能省略,故填applied/should apply。

25.decorated

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我宁愿你明天下午装修画室。would rather后的宾语从句经常用虚拟语气,此处表示将来的愿望,从句用一般过去时,故填decorated。

26.(should)be taken

【解析】

考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:医生建议这种药一天吃三次。recommend后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,从句谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”形式,should可以省略,且medicine与take之间为被动关系,因此空格处是(should)be taken。故填(should)be taken。

27.couldn’t /wouldn’t /mightn’t have made

【解析】

考查情态动词与虚拟语气的运用。句意:要不是因为你的指导,我是不会取得这么大的进步的。根据句意可知,这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,谓语动词应用couldn’t/wouldn’t/mightn’t have done形式。故填couldn’t/ wouldn’t/ mightn’t have made。

28.took

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:——你想开车出去吗?——不,我宁愿我们搭出租车。would rather后接宾语从句时,从句常用虚拟语气,此处表示现在的愿望,故从句的谓语动词用过去式took。故填took。

29.had come

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:他们盯着我,好像我是从外太空来的一样。根据“stared at”和“from the outer space”可知,as if引导的从句是对过去的情况的假设,空处应该用过去完成时,故填had come。

30.(should) appeal

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:他建议我们就判决结果向高等法院提起上诉。suggest作“建议”讲时,其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,从句中的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,其中should可省略。故填(should) appeal。

31.go##should go

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:一些同学建议我们应去附近的名胜古迹。根据句子结构和所给动词,谓语动词suggest做“建议”讲时,后接的宾语从句的谓语通常用“(should+)动词原形”,should可省略。故填go或should go。

32.had studied

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:汤姆希望他在大学时学的是法律而不是历史。分析句子可知,本句为wish引导的虚拟条件句,根据when he was in university可知,表示与过去事实相反的假设,所以从句为过去完成时。故填had studied。

33.were

【解析】

考查谓语。句意:那位男人在舞台上表现的好像是一个女人一样。根据句子结构和意思可知,这里考查“as if”引导的方式状语从句的虚拟语气结构,从句谓语跟主句谓语“performed”是同时发生,要用一般过去式的形式,be动词要用were。故填were。

34.should be made##be made

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:政府敦促应尽一切努力降低食品价格。urge后的宾语从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略,make与主语every effort是被动关系,用被动语态,故填(should)be made。

35.took##should take

【解析】

【分析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:因此,现在真是我们采取有效措施改善现状的时候了。根据固定句型it is high time that sb. did/should do sth.“真是某人做某事的时候了”可知,that引导的定语从句要用虚拟语气,谓语部分结构为did/should do,should不能省。故填took/should take。

【点睛】

36.should be told## be told

【解析】

考查被动语态及虚拟。句意:她要求在下次会议之前不要把她的决定告诉任何人。分析句子结构可知,request后的宾语从句使用(should)+动词原形的虚拟结构,而结合句意可知,no one 和tell 之间为被动语态。故填should be told或be told。

37.     had tried     should be praised##be praised

【解析】

考查时态和虚拟语气。句意:那个学生坚持说自己尽了最大的努力,并坚决要求受到表扬。分析句子可知,空格一前“insist”意为“坚持说”,句子为“that”引导的宾语从句,主句为一般过去时,从句动作发生在主句之前,应用过去完成,谓语动词为“had done”,故空格一填“had tried”;空格二前“insist”意为“坚决要求”,句子为“that”引导的宾语从句,此时从句要用虚拟语气,谓语动词为“(should) do”,“he”与“praise”之间为被动关系,故应用“(should) be done”,故空格二填“should be praised”或“be praised”。故填had tried; should be praised/be praised。

38.hadn't eaten

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:他看起来如此饿好像已有一个月没有吃过一顿像样的饭了。由主句中的looked可知,as if/though后面跟过去完成时,表示对过去的虚拟。故填hadn't eaten。

39.were

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:这位老人对待这个男孩就像他自己的儿子一样。结合语境,as if后的方式状语从句用虚拟语气结构,表示对现在的情况的虚拟谓语动词用一般过去时(实意动词过去式/were),根据语境可知此处表示“是”他自己的儿子。故填were。

40.had caught

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我们昨天赶上了航班,现在我们就在沙滩上享受假期了。结合语境可知,此处为错综时态虚拟语气,根据yesterday可知,if引导的句子和过去事实相反,应用过去完成时。故填had caught。

41.had driven

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他们再开几公里的话,他们就会发现一个更好的旅馆了。分析主句中might have found可知,是对过去的推测,从句中应使用过去完成时,故填had driven。

42.settled##should settle

【解析】

考查固定句型和虚拟语气。句意:你该和他解决争端了。此处为固定句型it is time (that) sb did sth./ should do sth.“是某人做某事的时候了”,that引导的定语从句用虚拟语气。故填settled/should settle。

43.should be taken## be taken

【解析】

【分析】

考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:法律规定,一个人在获得驾照之前必须参加驾驶考试。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定句型“It is required that…”,意为“要求……”,句中“It”为形式主语,“that”引导的从句为真正的主语,从句要用虚拟语气,谓语动词为“(should)+动词原形”,“should”可省略,“driving test”和“take”之间为被动关系,故从句应用含有情态动词的被动语态,“take”的过去分词为“taken”,故空格处填“should be taken”或“be taken”。故填should be taken/be taken。

44.should reflect##reflected

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:全国性的雾霾不断提醒我们,现在真的是反思自己的时候了。此处为固定句型it is high time (that) sb. should do/did sth.“真是某人做某事的时间了”,that引导的定语从句用虚拟语气。故填should reflect/reflected。

45.go##should go

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我很高兴,正要接受她的建议时,她建议我们先去西湖,沿着断桥散步。根据句意可知,“suggest”意为“建议”,其后的that从句中用虚拟语气“should) do ”,因此空格处是动词原形或“should+动词原形 ”,故填go/should go。

46.were

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:你可能会觉得自己仿佛置身于童话故事中。分析句子,feel后为as if(似乎、好像)引导的表语从句。根据句意,“仿佛置身于童话故事中”为对现实相反的假设,要用虚拟语气,be动词用were。故填:were。

47.came

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:John想现在来看我,但我手头上有好多工作,我宁愿他明天来而不是今天来。分析句子可知,would rather后接从句时,谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气,其中表示现在或将来的愿望时(这一点已由时间状语tomorrow表明)要用一般过去时。故填came。

48.had happened

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:他仍然面带微笑地跑着,就好像什么事情都没发生一样。根据句意,as if好像引导状语从句,与事实相反,表示虚拟。根据主句的谓语动词was来看,表示与过去事实相反的虚拟,故时态用had done。故填had happened。

49.should be sent##be sent

【解析】

考查同位语从句的虚拟语气。句意:要求尽快把医疗用品送到地震灾区的命令下达了。该句是复合句,含that引导的同位语从句,名词order“命令”后面的同位语从句用虚拟语气,谓语部分为(should)+动词原形。从句主语the medical supplies和send之间是被动关系,是含情态动词的被动语态。故填(should) be sent。

50.be sent

【解析】

【分析】

考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:根据官方的命令,矿难幸存者要被送往最近的医院。当主句谓语动词为坚持(insist)、命令(order,command)、建议(advise,suggest,recommend)、要求(demand,require,request,ask)等词时,其后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气,从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略,使用动词原形。survivors与send之间是被动关系(幸存者被送往),使用被动语态,综上,故填be sent。

51.should be put##be put

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:律师建议把提到的相关人员关进监狱。此处为suggest后的宾语从句中的谓语动词,与主语the person是被动关系,suggest在此意为“建议”,其后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气,即从句谓语应用“should +动词原形”,should可以省略。故填should be put/be put。

52.(should) be done

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:建议马上做这项工作。recommend意为“推荐,建议”,it为形式主语,真正的主语为that引导的主语从句,表“建议,要求,命令”的主语从句中需用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气,工作是被做,因此空格处用含情态动词的被动语态,即(should) be done,故填(should) be done。

53.would build

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我有足够的钱,我会为我的父母建一所大房子。分析句子,本句运用了虚拟语气,从句用一般过去时态,表示与将来事实相反的假设,主句应用would+动词原形,故填would build。

54.play##should play

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:这位钢琴家听从了我们让他再次在公众场合演奏的要求。分析可知。让演奏家再次弹奏是说话人的主观愿望,可以判断该句为虚拟语气,此时从句谓语可用should+动词原形。而空处为由request引导的宾语从句的谓语部分。此时谓语部分的should可以省略。故填(should) play。

55.banned##should ban

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:该是我们禁止过度捕捞以保持生态平衡的时候了。It's about time that...“该是……的时候了”,后面的that从句中的动词要用虚拟语气。从句中的谓语动词有两种形式,或者用动词的过去式(be用were);或者用should + 动词原形(should不能省略)。故填banned/ should ban。

56.(should)go

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我告诉她咳嗽了一整夜不应该游泳,但她拒绝放弃,坚持要去。insist表示希望时,从句内容虽然还不是事实,但非常希望它成为事实——此时从句谓语用虚拟语气,即采用“should+动词原形”的形式,且其中的should可以省略。故填(should)go。

57.had

【解析】

【分析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我现在有更多的时间,我将学习另一门外语。根据时间状语“now”可知,此处表示对现在事实的虚拟,if引导的条件状语从句使用一般过去时。故填had。

58.(should) try

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我建议你去百合网试试。recommend, suggest, request, command等后面的宾语从句使用虚拟语气,即should +动词原形,should可省略。故填(should) try。

59.had bought

【解析】

【分析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:他走进学校时,就好像他买下了这所学校一样,很快,他来自纽约市的消息就传开了。根据句意可知,他不可能买下这所学校,所以应用虚拟语气,且与过去事实相反。故填had bought。

60.would have

【解析】

【分析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:很幸运我们订了一个房间,否则我们现在将无处可住。引导含蓄虚拟条件句,or后面是主句,相当于if we hadn’t booked a room, we would have nowhere to stay now,根据"now"可知,是对现在进行虚拟,因此用would+动词原形,故填would have。

61.should have done

【解析】

【分析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我为你做这样的事而感到羞耻。作某些形容词或相当于形容词的过去分词的宾语的that从句,其谓语是"should+动词原形"或"should + have + 过去分词",此处从句是过去时态。根据句意,故填should have done。

62.be adopted

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。动词urge后面的宾语从句中使用虚拟语气,形式为“(should)+动词原形”,本句宾语从句的主语measures与动词adopt构成被动关系,要用被动语态形式。所以要填be adopted。

63.danced

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:Ellen是一位出色的舞者。我希望我能像她跳得那么好。wish后跟宾语从句时,从句中需要用虚拟语气,应用一般过去时表示对现在事实的虚拟,谓语动词应使用过去式形式。故填danced。

64.took / should take

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:该是我们采取措施保护环境的时候了。It is high time that sb did/should do sth…为固定句型,意为“该是做……的时候了”,that引导的从句谓语动词使用一般过去时或者should do。故填took/should take。

65.(should) be kept

【解析】

考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:强烈要求图书馆在假期期间保持开放。句中涉及句型“It is urged that…”,It为形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句,这时从句要用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”,句中library与keep之间为被动关系,故应用被动语态“(should) be+动词过去分词”,keep的过去分词为kept。故填(should) be kept。

66.would have come

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:他昨天很忙,否则他就来开会了。根据otherwise和句意可知,此处为含蓄虚拟语气,主句谓语动词的形式为:would have done。故填would have come。

67.had approved

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他同意了我的计划,任务早就完成了。由主句谓语“would have been accomplished”可知,本句是虚拟条件句,从句与过去事实相反,故用过去完成时。故填had approved。

68.would have accomplished

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:工人们没有被更好的组织起来,否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务。根据上句the workers were not better organized可知,这是对过去事情的虚拟。表示与过去事实相反的假设,其句子结构为:从句:If+主语+过去完成时+其他,主句:主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他,故填would have accomplished。

69.were

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我要是像你一样聪明就好了!if only意为“但愿,要是...就好了”,表示由于客观条件限制,为某事不太可能或完全不可能实现而感到惋惜或遗憾的复杂情绪,常用虚拟语气。此处表示与现在事实相反的情况。故填were。

70.(should) be built

【解析】

考查虚拟语气和语态。句意:人们希望这座桥在两年内建成。分析句子结构,it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句,It be desired that希望……该句型是固定句型,从句中要使用should + 动词原形,should可以被省略的虚拟语气;在从句中,主语“桥”和谓语“建成”之间是被动关系,用被动语态。故填(should) be built。

71.be permitted

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:那个淘气的男孩要求允许他下星期继续学习。demand表示“请求”所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为:(should) +原形动词,should可省略。且从句中主语he与permit构成被动关系。故填be permitted。

72.had been

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我多希望上周二我参加了我姐姐的婚礼,但那时我正在纽约出差。wish后面接宾语从句,从句应用虚拟语气。根据句意以及last Tuesday可知,本句表示对过去事实的虚拟,应用过去完成时态。故填had been。

73.stayed

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我们宁愿让女儿和我们一起待在家里,可那是她的选择,而且她也不再是个孩子了。would rather后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,用一般过去时表示与现在或将来相反的事实。故填stayed。

74.had done

【解析】

考查时态。句意:是约翰打破了窗户。你为什么跟我说话就好像是我干的似的?此处是由as if引导的虚拟语气,题中broke表明“打坏窗户”发生在“过去”,与过去事实相反,as if / though后面的从句用过去完成时(had done)表示对“过去”的虚拟。故填had done。

75.should buy

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:他建议我买那本字典。分析句意,在宾语从句中,若主句部分表示是“坚持,命令,建议,要求”时,从句用(should)+do表示虚拟。此处的主句部分 recommended 译为“推荐,建议”故后面的从句用(should)+do表示虚拟。故填should buy。

76.be taken

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:经理下令立即采取措施纠正市场营销中所犯的错误。that measures ________(take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.是一个同位语从句,解释说明前面的抽象名词command,command意思是命令,其后的同位语从句用should + 动词原形,should可以被省略的虚拟语气,在同位语从句中,measures和take之间是被动关系,用被动语态,所以填be taken。

77.destroyed/should destroy

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:现在是时候摧毁旧世界并建立一个新世界了。It is (high) time that…句型中,that后从句的谓语动词要使用过去式或should加动词原形,但should不可省略。故填destroyed/should destroy。

78.were offered

【解析】

考查虚拟语气和语态。句意:如果能给我一个施展才华的机会,我将不胜感激。对现在情况的虚拟,从句:if+主语+动词的过去式(be变were)+其他;主句:主语+would(should, could, might)+动词原形+其他,“我”和“提供一个机会”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,所以填were offered。

79.get##should get

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:学生为未来做好准备是很重要的。It is essential that...是固定句型,that引导的主语从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略,故填(should)get。

80.had seen

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:他谈起埃菲尔铁塔,就好像他亲眼见过似的。as if引导的方式状语从句表示所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时,应用虚拟语气;此处是表示与过去事实相反,应用过去完成时。故填had seen。

81.had attended

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我希望我昨天参加会议,这样我就不必晚些时候补上了。wish后面所跟的宾语从句中的虚拟语气表示某种不能实现的愿望。根据句意可知,此句是对过去情况的虚拟,应用 “wish + 主语 + had + 过去分词”。故填had attended。

82.come##should come

【解析】

考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气。句意:你迟到了五分钟,我建议你明天早点来。结合句意及空前的suggest可知应用虚拟语气,表示建议要求命令的一些动词如advise/order/command/require/request/suggest,etc.之后的宾语从句需虚拟语气,从句谓语动词需用(should)+动词原形,should可以省略。故答案为come/should come。

83.make##should make

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:卡森敦促他们认识到事实,并采取行动应对这种情况。动词urge后接宾语从句,从句用should +动词原形的虚拟语气,should可以省略。根据句意,故填(should) make。

84.should work##work

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:他应该努力工作是必要的。在句型it is important/necessary/essential...that...句型中,that引导的主语从句要用虚拟语气,谓语部分为should+动词原形,should可省。故填(should) work。

85.would study

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我是你,我会更努力地学习。由句子结构可知,该句为虚拟语气句型,结合从句时态可知,为对现在事实相反的虚拟,故主句时态为would+动词原形。故填would study。

86.hadn't been

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:如果不是因为他们的故事,我不会相信一见钟情。根据句型分析,这里考查虚拟语气,由后文wouldn’t have believed可知,主句是对过去的虚拟,那从句对过去的虚拟应用过去完成时,且根据句意,从句应用否定结构形式。故填hadn't been。

87.had paid

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我们多么希望我们以前多注意一下我们的发音。wish后的宾语从句应用虚拟语气;结合语境和before可知,与过去事实相反,应用过去完成时。故填had paid。

88.should study##study

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:随着高考临近,老师们敦促我们努力学习。urge意为“敦促”,后面的宾语从句使用虚拟语气,谓语动词使用(should)do,should可以省略。故填(should)do。

89.would##could give

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我希望您能尽快给我的申请一个明确的答复。wish表愿望,that从句中用虚拟语气,由wish可知,句子表示现在不能实现的愿望,句子用一般过去时,根据句意可知,空格处意为“将会给或可以给”,因此空格处是would/could give,故填would/could give。

90.get##should get

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:希望一切在今晚准备好。desire后接宾语从句时,从句谓语需用should do,其中should可以省略。故填get或should get。

91.(should) be finished

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:经理要求这项工作必须在月底前完成。demand表示“要求”,所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为:(should) +原形动词,should可省略,且work与finish构成被动关系。故填(should) be finished。

92.(should) be sent

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:将军命令立即向前线运送食物和医疗用品。command“命令”为动词,其后的宾语从句要用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气,should可省略。本句中that从句的主语“food and medical supplies”与动词send为动宾关系,所以此处用被动语态。故填(should) be sent。

93.should be collected##be collected

【解析】

考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:为这项工程筹集足够的资金是至关重要的。It is vital that...为固定用法,表示“……是至关重要的”,it为形式主语,that引导的是主语从句,从句使用虚拟语气,谓语动词使用(should) do,money和collect为被动关系,使用被动语态。故填(should)be collected。

94.should take##take

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:四个小男孩走到她跟前,要求她给他们拍照。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词;demand后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,谓语部分为(should)+动词原形。故填(should) take。

95.     that     should recite##recite

【解析】

考查表语从句和虚拟语气。句意:老师的要求是我们在二十分钟内背诵课文。分析句子可知第一空填入表语从句引导词,从句不缺成分填入that符合题意;由于主语是The teacher’s requirement,可知表语从句用虚拟语气,用should+动词原形,should可以省略,第二空填入should recite或recite。故填①that ②(should) recite。

96.should leave##leave

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:我建议你再早一个小时前往机场。分析句子结构可知,“that you________(leave) for airport an hour earlier.”为同位语从句,用来解释前面的名词suggestion,此处suggestion是名词,表示“建议”,所以后面的同位语从句应用虚拟语气,即结构为“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略;故填should leave或leave。

97.had looked

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:要是她今年能展望未来,更好地计划就好了。if only表示“要是……就好了”,后面使用虚拟语气,空处使用过去完成时。故填had looked。

98.should read##read

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:老师推荐我们读这篇小说。根据recommend that+(should)+动词原形可知,此句是recommend引导的宾语从句,从句应用虚拟语气。此处应填should read/read。

99.visit

【解析】

考查虚拟语气。句意:他的愿望是有一天能去游览长城。本句中desire后接 that 从句时,其谓语通常用“(should)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式。should可省略。故填visit。

100.should be banned##be banned

【解析】

考查语态和虚拟语气。句意:你认为在小学禁止使用手机的建议怎么样?suggestion“建议”后接同位语从句,所以从句为虚拟语气(should) +动词原形,且mobile phones与谓语ban为被动关系。故填(should) be banned。

情态动词和虚拟语气

单句语法填空:

1.(2022·黑龙江·双鸭山一中高三开学考试)One of our rules is that every student ________ wear school uniform while at school.

2.(2022·黑龙江·双鸭山一中高三开学考试)Your eyes are so red. You can’t ________ (sleep) well last night.

3.I ________ (be) in the shade like all the other tourists, then I wouldn’t have got burned.

4.If you ________ have a cigarette, choose a seat in the first row of the smoking section.

5.Suddenly it occurred to me that I ________ have left my suitcase in the taxi. But I was not sure.

6.—Here you are. This is the hotel!

—It’s so close to the station. We ________ have taken the taxi at all!

7.Why did you throw the bottle out of the window? Somebody ________ (hurt).

8.Kelly failed Mr. Brown’s literature course. She ________ have handed in the report earlier.

9.You ________ (do) something great, otherwise you wouldn’t have got the promotion.

10.According to the school rules, no child ________ be allowed out of school, unless accompanied by his or her own parents.

11.If you leave within 15 minutes, you ________ park your car at the roadside temporarily.

12.It was really annoying; I ________ get access to the data bank you had recommended.

13.—I honestly don’t think I’m going to be admitted.

—Well, you never know! You ________ (make) a better impression than you think.

14.When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he ________ find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.

15.It used to be that you ________ drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere.

16.I can’t find my purse. I ________ have left it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure.

17.I can’t speak for everyone, but I ________ speak for myself.

18.Only when the results came out did he realize that he should ________ (devote) himself to his studies, but it was too late.

19.To all the people watching, I ________ thank you enough for your kindness to me and I’ll think about it for the rest of my life.

20.— It’s so hot and uncomfortable here! Why are your windows still closed?

— Oh, I’m not to blame. They ________ (open).

21.“ The interest ________ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge.

22.I can't find my purse. I might ________ (leave) it in the supermarket yesterday, but I'm not sure.

23.—Can I pay the bill by check?

—Sorry, sir. But it is the rule of our hotel that payment ________ be made in cash.

24.Passengers ________ talk to the driver while the bus is moving, because it will take his focus off the road.

25.I'm not sure of the reason for the dog's illness, but it ________ (cause) by eating too much.

26.Although passing the driving test ________ be difficult now, it's worth the efforts.

27.When I was small, my mom ________ read me stories at night.

28.Why are you here? It’s class time and you ________ be in the classroom now.

29.You ________ (not) sit in this part. It’s for women and children only.

30.— Tom has arrived. _________ he come in to see you?—Yes, of course. Call him in.

31.It is raining heavily outside. You ________ as well stay here for the night.

32.George ________ (not go) too far. His coffee is still warm.

33.(2022·浙江·高三专题练习)In today's information age,the loss of data________cause serious problems for a company.

34.I can't find my purse.I________(leave) it in the supermarket yesterday,but I'm not sure.

35.He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ______ (come) to the meeting.

36.You________not have waken me up. I don't have to go to work today.

37.________ the traveller return, this stone would utter speech.

38.I_________ (go)through that bitter period without your generous help.

39.Food webs may________ (dominate) by many weak links because that arrangement is more stable over the long term.

40.Now we can decide the result of the bet which Rodrick and I made. If you’ve won for me, you ________ have any job as my gift.

41.Rachel, you ________ (misunderstand) her! Mary would never say something like that.

42.I find it astonishing that he ______be so rude to us. I______ make a complaint to his company.

43.The Campbells ______sometimes invite us over for the weekend when we lived in the same neighbourhood.

44.My umbrella is gone. Who ___________(take) it by mistake?

45.The beautiful girl chose to teach in a village school, though she ___________(stay) in a big city for an easier life.

46.It ______be freezing cold sometimes in spring in the south. It’s called cold in the late spring.

47.Imitating others’ actions in Tik Tok ______be very dangerous, so you can’t be too careful.

48.The road is wet. It ________ have rained last night.

49.I ________ have hurt your feelings, but it was not my intention.

50.These flowers have died. You ________ have watered them.

51.It is recommended that the machine ____________(check) every year.

52.When she smiles, it looks as if the sun ____________(be) shining.

53.They ________ (reach) the agreement so easily without that common ground.

54.—Did Justine realize his fault and do something to make up?

—I wish that I could ________ (have) that happen, but actually he still went his own way.

55.________ I known about his financial situation, I would have helped him out.

56.Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths ________ have fallen since their highest in 2005.

57.—Your brother has been admitted to Nanjing University?

—Yes, he deserves it. If I had worked as wisely, that ________ (be) my destiny.

58.—How impressive China’s 70th anniversary of National Day parade is!

—Definitely. If only I ________ (be) on the scene!

59.Eye doctors recommend that a child’s first eye exam ________ (is) at the age of six months.

60.I ________ (abandon) my dream of becoming a pianist, but for the encouragement from that music teacher.

61.________ it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.

62.The professor warned the students that on no account ________ they use mobile phones in his class.

63.Without your timely help, I couldn’t ________ (finish) the task ahead of time.

64.(2022·江苏·苏州市苏州高新区第一中学—模)It’s required that at least one football class ________ (offer) each week in these schools so that they can encourage their students to actively participate in football training and matches. .

65.(2022年江苏常州三模)The netizens advocated more attention ________ (give) to the women’s team.

66.The manager required that the work ________ (finish) before Friday.

67.The woman stood by the river still as if she ________ (turn) into a stone.

68.They set off for the destination too late; otherwise they wouldn’t ________ (stick) in the storm.

69.They would ________ (kill) him if he had not defended himself.

70.It might have saved me some trouble ________ I known the schedule.

71.If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I ________ not be where I am.

72.Some smells can make you wish you ________(be) back in the past, or make you want to escape, which depends on whether the smell has a positive or negative association.

73.How I wish every family ________ (have) a large house with a beautiful garden.

74.—Did you go to the party last night?

—Yes, but I’d rather I ________ (go) there. It was so boring.

75.Tom recommended me that I ________ (accept) the invitation.

76.She demanded that he ________ (return) the books he had borrowed from her.

77.I expected to feel immediately different, as if I _________ (close) the door on my childhood.

78.It is recommended that these chemicals ________(forbid) to use in the course of producing.

79.I wish I ________ (have) wings to rush into the clear and blue sky.

80.The assistant quickly recommended that all the time the president________ (issue) public condemnation.

81.If you________ (see) that movie last night,you wouldn’t be so sleepy now.

82.On windy days, we had to hold down the paper on the desk, which would otherwise________(blow)away,” he said.

83.The doctor recommended that my brother ________ (give) up smoking.

84.The official of the academy insisted that all buildings ________ (equip) with smoke detector.

85.________(be) it not for the support of the teachers,the student could not overcome her difficulty.

86.If we________(catch) the flight yesterday,we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.

87.They might have found a better hotel if they________(drive) a few more kilometers.

88.What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we ________ (have) a good time together.

89.If he ________( follow) my advice, he wouldn't have lost his job.

90.It is lucky we booked a room, or we ________ (have) nowhere to stay now.

91.How I regret not accepting your advice! _________ I taken your advice, I wouldn't have made such a mistake.

92.If he ___________ (approve) of my plan, the task would have been accomplished.

93.Don’t handle the cup as if it ___________ (be) made of steel. (铁)

94.But for the timely help of the PLA man that day, you ________ (kill) in the car crash.

95.(2022·浙江·高三专题练习)What a pity! You missed the sightseeing, or we would ________ (have) a good time together.

96.(2022·浙江·高三专题练习)The workers were not better organized, otherwise they would ________ (accomplish) the task in half the time.

97.Therefore, it is high time that we ________(take) effective measures to improve the current situation.

98.If I hadn't been faced with so many barriers, I ________ (not be) where I am.

99.John wants to see me now,but I have so much work on hand that I would rather he ________ (come) tomorrow than today.

100.He was still running with a smile on his face,as if nothing ________ (happen).

参考答案:

1.shall【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们的规定之一是每个学生在学校的时候必须穿校服。根据句意可知,此处是学校的规定,包含命令的语气。情态动词shall用于陈述句的第二人称或第三人称时,表达说话者的命令、警告或允诺。故空格处填shall。

2.have slept【详解】考查情态动词对发生在过去的事情的推测。句意:你的眼睛很红,昨晚你不可能睡得好。根据句中last night可知,动作sleep发生在过去,且动作已经完成。can’t have done“不可能做过某事;一定不……”表示对发生在过去的事情的推测,结合句中“Your eyes are so red. ”可推知,没睡好所以眼睛红,所以此处指不可能睡得好,故填have slept。

3.should have been【详解】考查should have done的用法。句意:我本应该像所有其他游客一样待在阴凉处,那样我就不会被晒伤了。根据句意可知,此处表示过去本应该做某事,但实际上没有做,应用should have done。故填should have been。

4.must【详解】考查情态动词。句意:如果你一定要吸烟,那你就选吸烟区第一排的座位。must意为“非要,一定”。if you must do sth.表示虽不赞同,但可允许,意为“如果你一定要做某事”。故填must。

5.might【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:我突然想起来我可能把手提箱落在出租车上了,但是我不太确定。根据“But I was not sure. ”可知,此处用might have done表示对过去发生的事情不太确定的推测。故填might。

6.needn’t【详解】考查情态动词。句意:——这边。就是这家酒店。——离车站好近。我们根本没必要打车。根据“It’s so close to the station.”可知,旅馆离车站很近,因此根本没必要乘出租车。needn’t have done“本不必做某事(而实际上做了)”符合语境。故填needn’t。

7.could have been hurt##might have been hurt【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:你为什么把瓶子扔出窗外?可能会伤到人。根据语境及第一句的时态可知,此处表示对过去情况的推测,应用could/might have done表示“可能已经做了某事”;且Somebody与hurt 之间为被动关系,应用被动语态。故填could have been hurt或might have been hurt。

8.should【详解】考查情态动词。句意:Kelly没有通过布朗先生的文学课,她本应该早点提交报告的。should have done sth.“本应该做某事(而实际上未做)”符合语境。故填should。

9.must have done【详解】考查情态动词。句意:你一定做了了不起的事,否则你是得不到晋升的。分析句子可知,空处前是主语you,故空处在句中作谓语,根据语意可知,此处表示对过去事情有把握的肯定推测,应用“情态动词+have done”结构,即must have done。故填must have done。

10.shall【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:根据学校规定,除非有自己的父母陪同,否则任何儿童不得离开学校。根据语境可知,此处表示学校的规定,含有命令的意味;情态动词shall用于陈述句的第二、三人称中表示根据法律或规则某人必须做某事,有“必须,一定”之意。故填shall。

11.can##may【详解】考查情态动词。句意:如果你在15分钟内离开,你可以暂时把车停在路边。根据语境可知,此处是真实条件句,表示许可,可用can/may。故填can/may。

12.couldn’t【详解】考查情态动词和时态。句意:这真的很烦人;我无法进入你推荐的数据库。结合句意和语境时态可知,本处表示的是“不能做某事”,由was可知,句子时态是一般过去时,因此空格处是过去式couldn’t,故填couldn’t

13.may have made【详解】考查情态动词+have done表对过去的猜测。句意:—老实说,我觉得我不会被录取。—哎,谁知道!你给人的印象可能比你想象的要好。此处表示对过去的事情的猜测,应用情态动词+have done sth,表“可能已经,也许已经做了某事”。故填may have made。

14.could【详解】考查情态动词。句意:当他问河边的村民在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时,他们笑着指着河的下游。分析句意可知,设空处表达的是能够做某事,用can,时态为一般过去时,因此空格处是could。故填could。

15.could##might【详解】考查情态动词。句意:过去你可能开车数英里看不到一个人,但现在到处都是房子和人。根据句意和语境可知,此处介绍的是过去和现在的对比,表示“有可能”可以用might,也可以表示客观的可能性用could。故填could/might。

16.could##might【详解】句意:我找不到我的钱包了。我可能昨天把它落在超市了,但我不确定。根据题干的时间状语yesterday,以及but I’m not sure可知,空格处表示对于过去的事情的猜测,应用could/might have done表示“过去可能做过某事”。故填could/might

17.can【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我不能代替每个人说话,但我可以代表我自己。can表示有能力做某事,根据句意以及前文的can’t可知,此处应用一般现在时。故填can。

18.have devoted【详解】考查情态动词+have done用法。句意:只有当结果出来的时候,他才意识到他本应该全身心地投入到他的研究中,但是已经太晚了。结合句意可知,此处表达“本应该做某事而未做”应用should have done。故填have devoted。

19.can’t##cannot【详解】考查情态动词。句意:对于所有观看的人,我非常感谢你们对我的善意,我将在我的余生里一直想着你们的善意。本句考查短语can’t/cannot…enough,表示“再……也不为过”,故设空处填情态动词can’t或cannot。故填can’t/cannot。

20.won’t open【详解】考查情态动词。句意:——这里又热又不舒服! 你的窗户怎么还关着?——这不是我的错。它们打不开。will可表现在的功用、能力,根据句意可知,此处表示门的功能,需要使用情态动词will,否定形式为won’t。故填won’t。

21.shall【详解】考查shall的用法。句意:法官宣布:“根据双方达成的协议,利息应分为五部分”。shall用于陈述句的第二、三人称有“必须、应、可”之意,表示要求或意图,故填shall。

22.have left 【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意:我找不到我的钱包了。我昨天可能把它忘在超市了,但我不确定。根据句型分析可知,这里考查对过去发生的事情不确定的推测,应用might have done。故填have left。

23.shall【详解】考查情态动词。句意:——我可以用支票付账吗?——对不起,先生。但这是我们酒店的规定,应当以现金付款。空格后是动词原形be,因此空格处是情态动词,shall可以在法律条文、规章制度中表示规定或义务等,此处是旅馆的规定。故填shall。

24.mustn't【详解】考查情态动词。句意:当公共汽车开动时,乘客不得与司机交谈,因为这将把他的注意力从路上转移开来。根据句意及常识可知,此处表示“禁止,不允许”,应用情态动词mustn't。故填mustn't。

25.may have been caused【详解】考查情态动词和被动。句意:我不能肯定狗生病的原因,但它也许是因为吃得太多了。根据前句“I'm not sure of the reason for the dog's illness”可知,这里为不肯定的推测,“cause”这一动作发生在过去,对过去发生的事情的推测,故用may have done “可能做过某事”;由于dog's illness与cause之间为被动关系,故填may have been caused。

26.can【详解】考查情态动词。句意:虽然现在通过驾驶考试可能是困难的,但付出的努力是值得的。分析句子结构并结合设空后动词原形be可知,设空处应用情态动词。结合句意,时态为一般现在时,can为情态动词,意为“可能”。故填can。

27.would【详解】考查情态动词。句意:当我小时候,我母亲常常在晚上给我读故事。would +动词原形,表示过去的习惯性的行为,意思是“过去常常”。故填would。

28.should【详解】考查情态动词。句意:你怎么在这儿?现在是上课时间,你应该在教室里。结合句意可知,此处表示“应该”,应用情态动词should。故填should。

29.mustn’t【详解】考查情态动词。句意:你不能坐在这里。这里只适合妇女和儿童。分析句子结构可知,设空处应用情态动词,结合句意可知,表示“禁止”是mustn’t。故填mustn’t。

30.Shall【详解】考查情态动词。句意:——Tom已经到来。他可以进来见你吗?——是的,当然可以。让他进来。分析句子结构可知,设空处应用疑问词引导疑问句。结合句意,shall用于第一/第三人称疑问句中,表示请求许可,且位于句首,首字母大写。故填Shall。

31.may/might【详解】考查情态动词。句意:外面雨下得很大。你不妨在这儿过夜。may/might as well“不妨”,固定短语。故填may/might。

32.can't##couldn't have gone【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:乔治不可能走得太远。他的咖啡还热着呢。表示对过去某种情况的不太有把握的猜测,用can't/couldn't have done,故填can't/couldn't have gone。

33.can【详解】考查情态动词。句意:在当今这个信息时代,丢失数据可能给一个公司造成严重的问题。结合语境可知,此处用情态动词can表示推测,意为“可能”。故填can。

34.could have left##might have left【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我找不到我的钱包了。我可能昨天将它遗留在了超市里,但是我不太确定。根据句子分析可知,时间是yesterday,后文又说not sure,故表示对过去的推测,但把握性又不太大,所以用could/might+have done表示“过去可能做过某事”。故填could/might have left。

35.would have come【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:他昨天很忙,否则他就来开会了。根据otherwise和句意可知,此处为含蓄虚拟语气,主句谓语动词的形式为:would have done。故填would have come。

36.need【详解】考查情态动词。句意:你不需要喊我起来,我今天不需要上班。根据语境“今天不上班”可知,语境表达“没必要叫醒我”,故填need。

37.Should【详解】考查should的特殊用法。句意:如果旅行者回来,这块石头就会发出声音(行人归来石应语)。should在虚拟条件句中用以加强假设语气,用“should+do”指将来的情况,意为“万一(会)”,这句话if省略,should作为情态助动词提前。故填Should。

38.couldn't have gone【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果没有你的慷慨帮助,我不可能度过那段痛苦的时期。分析句子可知,本句为含有without的含蓄虚拟条件句,表示对于过去发生的事情相反的假设,意思为“不可能度过那段痛苦的时期”,用couldn't have done结构。故填:couldn't have gone。

39.be dominated【详解】考查动词时态。句意:食物网可能被许多薄弱环节所主导,因为这种安排在长期内更稳定。分析句子可知,空格处是主句谓语动词,根据句意和空格后介词by可知,此处用被动语态,又因空格前有情态动词may,所以谓语动词用原形。故填be dominated。

40.shall【详解】考查情态动词。句意:现在我们可以决定罗德里克和我打赌的结果了。如果你赢了我,你将得到任何工作作为我的礼物。情态动词shall可以表示允诺,决心,强制,义务等。本题中表示允诺 。故填shall。

41.must have misunderstood 【详解】考查情态动词。句意:瑞秋,你一定误会她了!玛丽不会说那种话的。对过去事情的肯定的推测,用must have done表示“一定做了某事 ”。根据句意,故填must have misunderstood。

42.     should     shall【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我发现令人惊讶的是他竟然对我们如此粗鲁无礼。我要向他的公司投诉。should可表示说话人惊讶或愤怒的心情,意思为“竟然”,符合第一个空所在句意;shall可以表示决心,命令或指示,意思为“必须;一定;应该”,符合第二个空所在句意,故①should;②shall。

43.would【详解】考查情态动词。句意:当我们住在同一个街区时,坎贝尔一家常常会邀请我们去度周末。结合句意可知,坎贝尔一家邀请“我们”去度周末,是过去常会发生的事,所以用would,表示“过去常常”,故填would。

44.could have taken【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:我的雨伞不见了。谁会错拿了它呢?根据句意,可知错拿雨伞是发生在过去的事,此处表示的是对过去发生的事情可能性的猜测,在疑问句中,所以用could have done,故填could have taken。

45.could have stayed【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:这个漂亮的女孩选择在一所乡村学校教书,尽管她本可以留在大城市过更轻松的生活。根据句意,此处描述的是过去的事,且表示“本能够做某事而没做”,所以用could have done,故填could have stayed。

46.can【详解】考查情态动词。句意:南方的春天可能是极冷的。这被称作倒春寒。can“可能会”,表示逻辑上的可能性,由常识可知,倒春寒现象是一种可能发生的情况,是逻辑上的一种可能性,符合句意,故填can。

47.can【详解】考查情态动词。句意:在抖音中模仿别人的动作可能是非常危险的,所以你怎么小心都不过分。由“so you can’t be too careful”可知,此处是表示理论上的可能性,表示推测,应用情态动词can,故填can。

48.must【详解】考查情态动词。句意:路是湿的。昨晚一定下雨了。根据“The road is wet.”和“have rained”可知,此处表示对过去事实的肯定推测,需用must have done。故填must。

49.may【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我可能伤害了你的感情,但那不是我的本意。结合“have hurt”可知,此处表示对过去事实的可能性的推测,需用情态动词may。故填may。

50.should【详解】考查情态动词。句意:这些花已经枯死了。你应该给它们浇水的。根据“These flowers have died.”可知,此处表示“本应该浇水却没有做”,结合空后的“have watered”可知,此处为should have done,意为“本应该做某事却没做”。故填should。

51.be checked##should be checked【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:建议这台机器每年检查一次。It is recommended that...意为“建议……”,It是形式主语,that引导的主语从句是真正的主语,从句需用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气,机器是被检查,因此空格处是should be done,其中should可省略,故填(should) be checked。

52.were【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:当她微笑的时候,就像太阳在照耀一样。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处使用虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反的情况,be动词使用were,与shining构成过去进行时。故填were。

53.wouldn’t have reached【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:没有共同立场,他们是不会那么容易达成协议的。根据句意可知,协议应是在过去的某一时间达成的,表示对过去情况的虚拟,谓语动词应用wouldn’t have done。故填wouldn’t have reached。

54.have had【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:——Justine意识到自己的错误并采取措施弥补了吗?——我希望我能让他这么做,但事实上,他依然我行我素。分析句子可知,wish后是that引导的宾语从句,从句应用虚拟语气,根据主句中的“I wish”以及下文“but actually he still went his own way”可知,空格处是对过去发生的事实的虚拟,应用“could have done”的形式。故填have had。

55.Had【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:要是我知道他的经济状况,我就帮助他了。根据句意可知,要是“我”知道他的经济情况,“我”就帮助他了,但实际上“我”并不知道他的经济状况,也没有帮助他,由此可知,此处是虚拟语气,由主句的谓语“would have helped”可知,该句是对过去事实的虚拟,从句谓语要用过去完成时had done;从句省略了if,应把had提前。故填Had。

56.should/would/might/could not【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果没有政府和科学家的共同努力,与艾滋病相关的死亡率就不会从2005年的最高点下降。分析句子可知,此处使用了虚拟语气,虚拟条件句省略了if,将助动词had提前。根据句意和从句中的“Had”和“worked”可知,此处表示对过去情况的虚拟,主句应用“主语+should/would/might/could+have done”形式。故填should/would/might/could not。

57.could have been##might have been##would have been【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:——你弟弟考上了南京大学?——没错,他应得的。如果我也那样努力,那我的命运也会如此。分析句子可知,此处if引导的是条件状语从句,根据题干中的“If I had worked as wisely”可知,此句使用了虚拟语气,是对过去事实的虚拟,由空处前的that是主语,故空处在此处应做谓语,故空处应用“could/might/would have done”形式。故填could have been/might have been/would have been。

58.had been【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:——国庆70周年阅兵式真是令人印象深刻!——当然,要是我在现场就好了!分析句子可知,空处前是主语I,故空处在这里做谓语,此句是if only引导的条件状语从句,从句应用虚拟语气,根据句意可知,此处表达的是与过去事实相反的假设,谓语动词应用had done结构。故填had been。

59.should be##be【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:眼科医生建议孩子应在六个月大时进行第一次眼睛检查。分析句子可知,谓语动词recommend,意为“建议”,后面跟的that引导的宾语从句,从句应用虚拟语气,从句谓语动词的结构为“ (should)+动词原形”,should可以省略。故填should be或be。

60.might have abandoned【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:要不是来自那位音乐老师的鼓励,我可能就放弃成为钢琴家的梦想了。根据关键词but for以及句意可知,此处表达的是一种假设,实际上“我”并没有放弃钢琴家的梦想,属于含蓄型虚拟语气中对过去情况的虚拟,所以谓语结构应用“might have+过去分词”,might表示“或许”,结合给定的词abandon可知,应填might have abandoned。故填might have abandoned。

61.Were【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果不是因为老师的支持,这个学生是不可能克服困难的。由主句could not overcome以及结合句意可知,此处为if引导的虚拟语气,从句谓语动词为be动词时,可以省略if,把be动词前置。故填Were。

62.should【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:教授警告学生在他的课堂任何情况下都不能使用手机。分析句子可知,该句为warn的宾语从句,为虚拟语气的固定句型,从句用should+动词原形。故填should。

63.have finished【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:没有你的及时帮助,我本不可能提前完成任务。根据句意可知,此处为虚拟语气,表示对过去发生事情的假设,情态动词后接have done,could (not) have done表示“本来能够(或不可能)做某事”。故填have finished。

64.(should) be offered【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:这些学校按要求每周至少一节足球课,目的是鼓励学生积极参加足球训练和比赛。由It’s required that可知,此句考查虚拟语气,从句需用should+动词原形,且should可以省略。因为one football class与offer是动宾关系,所以用被动语态。故填(should) be offered。

65.be given【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:网友们主张更多地关注女子足球队。此处advocate表示一种建议,所以在advocate+(that)从句中,从句需要用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形,should可以省略,此处把should省略了,从句主语more attention和动词give是被动关系,故填be given。

66.should be finished##be finished【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:经理要求这项工作必须在星期五之前完成。在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词后面的宾语从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气,should可省略。本句中谓语动词required表示要求;而且从句中的谓语动词finish和主语the work是被动关系。故填should be finished/be finished。

67.had turned【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:那个女人一动不动地站在河边,好像变成了一块石头。as if引导的从句表示所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时,应用虚拟语气;此处是表示与过去事实相反,应用过去完成时。故填had turned。

68.have been stuck【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:他们出发去目的地时已经太晚了;否则他们就不会被困在暴风雨中了。这是一个含蓄条件句,谓语动词用虚拟语气,根据上文They set off for the destination too late可知,与过去事实相反,谓语动词用would have done,主语they和谓语动词stick之间是被动关系,空格前有wouldn’t。故填have been stuck。

69.have killed【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他不为自己辩护,他们就会杀了他。由“if he had not defended himself”可知,本句是if条件句的虚拟语气,与过去事实相反,主句的谓语动词需用would have done,故填have killed。

70.had【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:要是我知道安排的话,我可能会省一些事儿。此处为省略if的虚拟条件从句,根据主句时态可知,此处表示与过去情况相反,从句用过去完成时,省略if,将had提前,had I known the schedule相当于if I had known the schedule。故填had。

71.would/could/might/should【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我没有面对这么多的障碍,我就不会是现在的我。分析可知,本句是错综时间的虚拟语气,根据空后where I am可知,此处是与现在事实相反的假设,主句谓语动词可使用would或could或might或should+do。故填would/could/might/should。

72.were【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:有些气味会让你希望回到过去,或者让你想要逃离,这取决于这种气味是有积极的还是消极的联想。wish后跟宾语从句时,要用虚拟语气。此处表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句的谓语动词应用一般过去时,故be动词应用were。故填were。

73.had【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我多么希望每个家庭都有一所带漂亮花园的大房子。wish后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,结合语境,陈述现在很难实现的愿望,应用一般过去时。故填had。

74.hadn’t gone【详解】考查虚拟语气和时态。句意:——你去参加昨晚的派对了吗?——去了,但我宁愿没去,太无聊了。would rather后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,此处陈述与过去事实相反的情况,应用过去完成时,因含有否定意义,故要加否定词not。故填hadn’t gone。

75.should accept##accept【详解】考查宾语从句和虚拟语气。句意:汤姆建议我接受邀请。分析句子可知,句子为“that”引导的宾语从句,作“recommended”的直接宾语,“recommend”在句中意为“建议”,故从句应用虚拟语气,谓语动词为“should do”,“should”可省略,“accept”意为“接受”,动词词性,故空格处应填“should accept”或“accept”。故填(should) accept。

76.return##should return【详解】考查虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。句意:她要求他把向她借的书还回去。分析句子可知,谓语动词demanded表示“要求,强烈要求”时,其后that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气(should) do,所以空处填return或者should return,表示“归还”。故填return或者should return。

77.had closed【详解】考查虚拟语气和时态。句意:我本以为马上就会有不同的感觉,就好像我关上了童年的大门。根据语境可知,空格处所在的句子不是事实,因此要用虚拟语气,由前面的expected可知,空格处所在句子表示对过去情况的虚拟,时态用过去完成时,因此空格处是had closed。故填had closed。

78.should be forbidden##be forbidden【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:建议在生产过程中禁止使用这些化学品。分析句子可知,It是形式主语,that引导的主语从句是真正的主语,recommended表示“建议”,主语从句应用虚拟语气,即从句谓语部分使用“(should) do”,should可省略,从句中主语chemicals和动词forbid之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,故填(should) be forbidden。

79.had【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我希望我长出一双翅膀在天空翱翔。wish后的宾语从句表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望时要用虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反的假设从句谓语用一般过去式,故填had。

80.issue##should issue【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:助手很快建议总统可以一直发布公开的谴责。recommend意为“建议”,其后的宾语从句中应使用should do虚拟语气,should可以省略。故填issue/should issue。

81.hadn’t seen【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果你昨晚没看那部电影,你现在就不会这么困了。分析句子结构可知,此处是if引导的条件句的虚拟语气;本句中,主句和从句的谓语动作不是同时发生时,这是错综条件句;由从句时间状语last night可知,此处表示与过去事实相反,需用:had done,结合后半句可知,此处表示否定之意,所以空处需用过去完成时态的否定:hadn’t done。故填hadn’t seen。

82.be blown【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:“在有风的日子里,我们不得不把纸压在桌子上,否则纸就会被吹走。” 他说。根据句意以及otherwise可知,which引导的定语从句使用虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反的事实,谓语动词用would+动词原形,which指代the paper,与blow是被动关系,空格前有would,故填be blown。

83.should give##give【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:医生建议我弟弟戒烟。分析句子可知,句子为宾语从句,“that”引导从句作“recommended”的宾语,“recommended”意为“建议”,此时从句要用虚拟语气,谓语动词为“(should)+动词原形”,“should”可省略,故空格处应填“should give”或“give”。故填should give/give。

84.(should)be equipped【详解】考查虚拟语气及语态。句意:学院的官员坚持所有的建筑物都应该安装烟雾探测器。insist后的宾语从句的谓语动词应使用“(should) +do”结构,all buildings与equip是逻辑动宾关系,应使用被动语态。故填(should) be equipped。

85.Were【详解】考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意:要不是因为老师们的支持,该学生就不能克服她的困难。结合语境和主句谓语动词could overcome可知,此处为if引导的虚拟条件状语从句,与现在事实相反,用一般过去时,be用were;省略if后,将were提前,构成倒装。故填Were。

86.had caught【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我们昨天赶上了航班,现在我们就在沙滩上享受假期了。结合语境可知,此处为错综时态虚拟语气,根据yesterday可知,if引导的句子和过去事实相反,应用过去完成时。故填had caught。

87.had driven【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他们再开几公里的话,他们就会发现一个更好的旅馆了。分析主句中might have found可知,是对过去的推测,从句中应使用过去完成时,故填had driven。

88.would have had【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:真遗憾!你错过了观光,否则我们在一起会很开心的。根据句意及所给句子可知,此处是虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用,表示与过去事实相反的假设,应用would have done结构。故填would have had。

89.had followed【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他听了我的建议,他就不会丢了工作。该句是if引导的非真实条件句,与过去的事实相反,主句用would/could/might+ have done,从句中用过去完成。故填had followed。

90.would have【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:很幸运我们订了一个房间,否则我们现在将无处可住。引导含蓄虚拟条件句,or后面是主句,相当于if we hadn’t booked a room, we would have nowhere to stay now,根据"now"可知,是对现在进行虚拟,因此用would+动词原形,故填would have。

91.Had【详解】考查虚拟语气/倒装句。句意:我真后悔没有接受你的劝告!如果我听了你的劝告,我就不会犯这样的错误了。根据分析句子及语意,可知此处应是虚拟语气引起的部分倒装,与过去事实相反,应用had+过去分词,had提前到主语I之前。故填Had。

92.had approved【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果他同意了我的计划,任务早就完成了。由主句谓语“would have been accomplished”可知,本句是虚拟条件句,从句与过去事实相反,故用过去完成时。故填had approved。

93.were【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:别把这杯子拿得和它好像是用铁做的似的。分析句子可知,本句为as if引导的方式状语从句,从句与现在事实相反,应用虚拟语气,谓语动词应用一般过去时,be动词用were。故填were。

94.would/could/might have been killed【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果没有那天解放军的及时帮助,你可能会在车祸中丧生。此处是包含But for的含蓄虚拟语气,表示与过去的事实相反,主句谓语动词用would/could/might have done,句中you和动词kill是被动关系。故填would/could/might have been killed。

95.have had【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:真遗憾!你错过了这次观光,否则,我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文You missed the sightseeing可知,该句是对过去事实的虚拟,表与过去事实相反的假设,主句:主语+should (would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他,设空前已有would。故填have had。

96.have accomplished【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:工人们没有被更好地组织起来,否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务了。accomplish为动词,意为“完成”;根据前半句“The workers were not better organized”可知,这是对过去情况的含蓄虚拟条件句。otherwise其后的句子表示与过去事实相反的假设,其句子结构为:主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他,设空前已有would,故填have accomplished。

97.took##should take【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:因此,现在真是我们采取有效措施改善现状的时候了。根据固定句型it is high time that sb. did/should do sth.“真是某人做某事的时候了”可知,that引导的定语从句要用虚拟语气,谓语部分结构为did/should do,should不能省。故填took/should take。

【点睛】

98.wouldn't be【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我没有面对这么多的障碍,我就不会有今天的成就。根据句意可知,错综时间条件句,表示“不会有今天的成就”,是对现在情况相反的假设,用would do结构。故填:wouldn't be。

99.came【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:John想现在来看我,但我手头上有好多工作,我宁愿他明天来而不是今天来。分析句子可知,would rather后接从句时,谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气,其中表示现在或将来的愿望时(这一点已由时间状语tomorrow表明)要用一般过去时。故填came。

100.had happened【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:他仍然面带微笑地跑着,就好像什么事情都没发生一样。根据句意,as if好像引导状语从句,与事实相反,表示虚拟。根据主句的谓语动词was来看,表示与过去事实相反的虚拟,故时态用had done。故填had happened。

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