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高考英语语法专题讲与练◉专题三 代词 代词的分类
一、人称代词的用法 1. 作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格。如： She teaches us English.她教我们英语。 2. 在句中作表语，常用宾格，但有时用主格。如： —Who is it? 谁呀？ —It’s me. 是我。 It was I who told him about it. 是我告诉他这件事的。(强调句型) 3. it的用法
二、物主代词的用法 1. 形容词性物主代词——作定语 This is our classroom. 这是我们的教室。 His father is an engineer. 他父亲是位工程师。 2. 名词性物主代词
注意： (1) 英语中必须有形容词性物主代词，而汉语中往往省略不译。如： Jack took off hiscoat and went to bed. 杰克脱掉外套就上床睡觉了。 (2) “of+名词性物主代词”可用作定语。如： Some friends of mine will attend my birthday party. 我的一些朋友将出席我的生日聚会。 三、反身代词的用法
四、指示代词的用法 1. 时空的差别。如： There is this seat here, near me, or there is that one in the fourth row. Which will you have, this or that? 靠近我的这个座位，还是第四排的那个座位，你选哪一个，这个还是那个？ 2. this和that在行文叙述上的差别。如： I shall say this to you: he is a poor man. 我要跟你说的是，他是一个可怜的人。 He was ill. That’s why he didn’t come. 他生病了，那就是没来的原因。 3. that和those用于表比较的结构。如： The weather of Zhanjiang is better than that of my hometown. 湛江的天气比我家乡的好。 TV sets made in Nanjing are better than those made here. 南京生产的电视机比在这里生产的电视机好。 4. 在打电话时，通常用 this 指自己，用 that 指对方。如： Hello. This is Jim. Is that John? 喂，我是吉姆，你是约翰吗? 五、不定代词的用法
1. none, no one与nothing的用法区别 (1) none既可指人，也可指物，且一定是特定概念，常用来回答how many/much引导的疑问句；no one只能指人，且只能是泛指概念，常用来回答who引导的疑问句；nothing“什么也没有”，否定一切，常用来回答what引导的疑问句。如： —How many people are there in the room now? 现在房间里有多少人？ —None. 一个人都没有。 —Who is in the room? 谁在房间里？ —No one / Nobody. 没有人。 —What’s in your schoolbag? 你书包有啥呢？ —Nothing. 啥都没有。 (2) none后面可加of引导的介词短语，而something / anything / everything / nothing / someone / anyone / everyone / no one却不能。如： It is none of my business! 这不关我事。 2. each与every的用法区别 (1) each强调“个体”，具有代词和形容词的作用；every强调“全体”，只能作定语。each作同位语时，不影响谓语动词的数。不可用not each来表示部分否定，而用not every表示部分否定。如： The tickets each cost ten dollars. 这些票每张要10美元。(each作同位语) (2) every还可表示“每……的、每……中的”，下列说法中只能用every： every year or two 每一两年 every now and then 时常 every other day 每隔一天 one car to every 20 people 每20人乘一辆车 Choose one out of every ten boys. 每10个男孩中选一个。 3. another, other, the other, others与the others的用法区别
4. both, all, either, any, neither与none的用法区别
如： I had to buy all these books because I didn’t know which one was the best. 我不得不把这些书都买下来，因为我不知道哪一本最好。 It is easy to do the repair. All you need is a hammer and some nails. 做这个修理工作很容易你所需要的是一把锤子和一些钉子。 I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but neither of them came. 我邀请乔和琳达吃晚饭，但是他们两个一个都没来。 —Which of the three ways shall take to the village? 三条路中哪一条通往那个村子？ —Any way as you please. 任何一条都可以。 We had three sets of the garden tools but we seemed to have no use for any. 我们有三套园艺工具，但是我们没有怎么使用它们。 5. one, ones, the one, the ones, that与those的用法区别 one用来替代前面出现的单数名词，是泛指概念，相当于“a/an+单数名词”；ones用来替代前面出现的复数名词，有时可用that代替(尤其在有后置定语的情况下)；the ones用来替代前面特指的复数名词，有时可用those代替(尤其在有后置定语的情况下)；that用来替代前面出现的特指的单数可数名词或特指的不可数名词，相当于“the+单数/不可数名词”。如： Mr. Zhang gave me a very valuable present, one (=a present) that I have never seen. 张先生给了我一件十分珍贵的礼物，这件礼物是我从未见过的。 Mr. Zhang gave me many valuable presents, ones (=many presents) that I have never seen. 张先生给了我许多珍贵的礼物，它们是我从未见过的。 The book on the desk is better than that/the one under the desk. 桌子上的那本书比桌子下的那本好。 The books on the desk are better than those/the ones under the desk. 桌子上的那些书比桌子下的那些好。 考点练透 1．Then the driver stood up and asked, “Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh dear! It’s _______ (I).” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. 2．Data about the moon’s composition could help China decide whether _______ (it) plans for a future lunar(月球的) base are practical. 3．As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It surely does in_______ (I). 4．Do not have a drink or take drugs to calm ____________ (you) down. 5．I would appreciate __________ if you can recommend a pen pal to me. 6．Nervously ______ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to______ (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”. 7．But otherwise...it’s probably running. If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give ________ a try. 8．（2022·江西·模拟预测）________ (it) large size and round face are also adaptations to its bamboo diet. 9．（2022·广西桂林·二模）Netizens were fascinated by the video’s ________ (amaze) combination of winter sports and traditional Chinese characters, highlighting ________ （they) own unique characteristics and placing them alongside a wide range of sporting venues and cultural elements, including New Year paintings, Peking Opera, and ink-and-wash paintings. 10．（2022年全国乙卷） The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening ______ (it) first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea. 11．Always keep __________ in mind that a measure of hope will take you through the unpleasant situation. 12．My son was excited, but I felt helpless. I didn’t have that kind of money. __________ was going to cost $300! 13．At that moment a young lady who noticed my book came up to me and introduced __________. 14．The whole performance is staged entirely upon the lake __________(it) with hills as the background. 15．Anyway, for more and more consumers, cash is no longer __________(they) habit. 16．Due to __________(it) humor and irony(讽刺), Xiangsheng has spread far and wide. 17．Jiang’s parents will help take care of Jiang’s daughter, and as they age, Jiang and his wife will help take care of __________(they). 18．Kekexili is China’s largest and the world’s third largest uninhabited area. The view of mountains, glaciers and lakes all in the same area makes __________ a paradise in terms of natural beauty. 19．The boy ran away from the room, screaming out in terror, direct to home and hid ________(he) in his closet. 20．In __________(him) forties, he was tired of his various businesses. 21．The full moons on Jan. 2 and Jan. 31 will be super __________(one) and even they’ll be blue super moons. 22．Huangshan Mountain is famous for __________ (it) four unique scenes. 23．The girl, however, would not follow __________(they) words. 24．The teacher told them to help __________(they) to the coffee. 25．________can be good at something for 40 years if he doesn’t love it. 26．A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than ________ (that) who are not. 27．An important factor ________ (affect) happiness is the tendency to compare one’s situation with ________ of other people. 28．An important factor affecting happiness is the tendency to compare one’s situation with ________ of other people. 29．By the age of 23, she has visited all the countries in an effort to challenge ________(she) and push the limits of ________ she believed was possible for a female traveler. 30．Taking regular exercise is one good way to help us keep fit and having a balanced diet is________ . 31．He lent me a few books, but________ of them are easy to read. 32．I came across a good friend of ________ (I) in the square the other day, but we didn’t talk much because he was rushing to catch the bus . 33．I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn’t find a manufacturer that could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by________ (I). 34．Nowadays, school safety is a hot issue. I think this is a phenomenon,________ calling for our great concern. 35．Generally, people define a successful life as being happy, healthy, and able to enjoy life to________ (it）fullest. 36．In his letter, he thanked________ (I) for my appreciating his work. 37．—My ruler is broken. Can I borrow________ (you)? —Of course. Here________ is. 38．________ is believed that it was his ability to work under pressure that led to his great success. 39．No one is greater than Hawking, because he has reshaped________ (we) understanding of what it means to be those who are broken in body but firm in spirit. 40．________ suddenly occurred to him that________ was bad manners to argue with the teacher before he figured out the problem. 41．Despite________ (he) old age, Jack is still in better shape than many young men. 42．I hate________ when she calls me at work-I’m always too busy to carry on a conversation with________(she). 43．Recently, as ________ (I) grandmother became ill, I found ________ (I) spending more time in the hospital. 44．She recognized ________ (I) potential and showed me that I could write with creativity and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthusiasm. 45．You can ask anyone for help. ________here is willing to lend you a hand. 46．Raise your leg and let ________stay in the air for seconds. 47．If you're buying a today’s paper from the stand, could you get ________for me? 48．—Are you going to invite Jack to our party? —No, but he’s welcome to come along, providing that he behaves________(he). 49．To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then ________of her colleagues. 50．Besides , people on the WeChat are more likely to compare(they) ________ with others ,which will make them feel bad when finding some people seem to be successful. 51．It’s an either-or situation-we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we can’t do________ 52．Some people buy cloth shoes out of nostalgia (怀旧), while________(other) trust their quality. 53．Anyway,________is time to get outside to experience summer together with fun family activities. 54．Each medal has carvings of the Olympic rings on one side. The rings represent the pursuit of unity and harmony, and they also ....The________side of the medals has the Beijing 2022 emblem at the center. 55．At that moment an attractive young lady who noticed my book came up to me and introduced ________(her). 56．People pick up the bikes and then ride and drop ________off anywhere they like, locking the back wheel, with no need to find a fixed place. 57．The Chinese have known about the benefits of green tea since ancient times, and they use ________to treat everything from headaches to depression. 58．________is found that an average of 28 million metric tons of Saharan dust falls in South America’s Amazon Basin each year. 59．In the next few years, Hangzhou will try its best to prepare________(it)for the big show. 60．However, while ________is fun to keep up with the latest news, we may actually be putting ourselves in danger. 61．When writing, many calligraphers will forget all worries and even ________ (they), combining all thoughts in the beauty of their art. 62．On this day, dragons, a prominent totem (图腾) in Chinese culture raise ________ (they) heads with the sound of thunder. 63．The meeting will be held in September, but ________knows the date for sure. 64．When you come to Zhangjiajie, you can fully appreciate ________ (it) magnificent natural scenery and experience appealing folk custom as well as other thrilling tourist activities. 65．In his letter, Jin introduced ________(he) and Yiwu. 66．I’ll spend half of my holiday practicing my oral English and the ________half programming. 67．It seems that the cost of renting a house in Tokyo is much higher than ________in any other city. 68．More and more people are willing to shop online to get what they want, and I am one of ________ (they). 69．When you introduce me to the businessman, could you please say ________for me? 70．It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which ________of his parents spoke the language. 71．The witness was asked a lot of questions by the policeman,but she didn't answer ________of them. 72．Your captain is the team star! Working with ________(other) is really a piece of cake. 73．If the seniors do everything for the juniors,we won't acquire the ability of protecting ________(we). 74．A number of Olympic high technologies have been applied for the first time in Beijing to ensure ________(it) goal of carbon neutrality. 75．In line with Beijing 2022’ s concept of hosting a green Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games , the medal platforms were made of recyclable materials , which can help build a healthy social environment for China to realize________ ( it) targets of an eco-friendly society. 76．Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park protects the gibbons and ________ (they) environment 77．Volunteering has many benefits. Of course, making money is not one of ________ (they) ! If you volunteer to help others, you'll notice that it doesn’t really matter that you don’t get paid. 78．The boy ran away from the room, screaming out in terror, direct to home and hid ________ in his closet. 79．A study shows the students who are engaged in afterschool activities are happier than ________ who are not. 80．The Palace Museum is home to roughly 1.86 million precious historical relics, and among________ (they), the North Song Dynasty masterpiece Along the River during the Qingming Festival, painted by Zhang Zeduan, is considered to be of great value. 81．But is this automatically true? Are the views of an older person on a new development always to be disregarded? This would suggest that every new development must be a good________and surely that cannot logically be the case. 82．Sava is a robot. She is remotely controlled by a person through a camera inside the robot. Although Sava is not ready to be a real teacher, the children enjoy ________ (she) visits. 83．In fact, STEM subjects are fun and exciting. Studying science can do ________ (we) good. 84．She recognized ________ (I) potential and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthusiasm. 85．Xinhua’s article noted that “Among the four, high-speed rail and online shopping aren’t from China, but we bring the inventions to the world’s top level with our intelligence and innovation, and make ________ (they) China’s calling card.” 86．After becoming an internet hit, DingZhen served as the local tourism ambassador and filmed “The World of DingZhen” to speak for his hometown. The film soon brought ________ into people's vision. 87．It was worth it, though. I still have that golden headdress, as ________ reminds me of those unforgettable days. 88．By helping them, I can improve ________ own understanding, and this will be beneficial to my study, she explained. 89．In many countries, ________is not unusual for families of different backgrounds to live together in the shared space. 90．I find _________ hard to remember these words in a short time. 91．（2022·浙江·高三专题练习）When I look at this picture of myself, ... This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of ________ (me) high school days. 92．It falls on the first Saturday in April. ________ (it) aim is to honor and celebrate America's children and stress the importance of love as they grow up. 93．The scientists say an area of the brain assigns memories to smells and stores ________ (they) for decades. 94．And the hutongtoday is fading into the shade for ________ tourists and local people. 95．The young policeman was touched by ________ (they) loss and sadness, and said that he was more than willing to act as their son. 96．The village of Zhouzhuang in Jiangsu calls ________ (it) “the oldest water town in China”． 97．She recognized ________ (I) potential and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthusiasm. 98．However, quite a few others, especially ________ in the countryside, would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”. 99．My brother would like to buy a good watch but________was available from that shop. 100．I've lived in New York and Chicago, but don't like ________of them very much. 参考答案： 1．mine##me【详解】考查代词。句意：然后司机站起来问:“有人在最后一站丢了手提箱吗？”公共汽车上的一个女人喊道:“哦，天哪！是我的。”她推开人群到司机那里，感激地拿起了手提箱。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查名词性物主代词和代词的宾格形式，需用“是我的手提箱”或者“我丢了手提箱”对“Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”进行回答。故填mine/me。 2．its【详解】考查代词。句意：有关月球成分的数据可以帮助中国决定未来的月球基地计划是否可行。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词性物主代词，做定语，修饰后面的名词plans。故填its。 3．mine【详解】考查代词。句意：正如这首歌所唱，这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”，它将永远留在游客的记忆中。在我的身上确实如此。分析句子可知用名词性物主代词mine放在介词in后作宾语，指代前文提到的memory，相当于“my memory”。故填mine。 4．yourself【详解】考查反身代词。句意：不要喝酒或吸毒来让自己平静下来。此处为祈使句，省略了主语you，短语calm...down，意为“使……冷静下来”，后接宾语，当宾语和主语所指相同时，宾语用反身代词。故填yourself。 5．it【详解】考查形式宾语。句意：如果你能推荐一位笔友给我，我将不胜感激。I would appreciate it if为固定句型，意为“如果......我将不胜感激”。it做形式宾语。故填it。 6． facing myself【详解】考查非谓语动词和人称代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我会低声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分析句子可知，第一空：此处face作非谓语，与逻辑主语I 是主动关系，应该用现在分词作状语；第二空：结合句意，此处要表达的“对我自己”，应该用myself。故填facing，myself。 7．it##running【详解】考查名词或代词。句意：但除此之外……或许是跑步。如果你没有时间，你只需要跑一半的时间就能得到和其他运动一样的好处，所以也许我们都应该试一试。分析句子结构可知空处需填代词作宾语，指代前面提到的running，或者填名词running作宾语。故答案为it或running。 8．Its【详解】考查代词。句意：它的大个头和圆圆的脸也适应了竹子的食性。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词性物主代词，修饰后面的名词短语large size and round face，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Its。 9． amazing their【详解】考查形容词和代词。句意：该视频将冬季运动与传统汉字惊人地结合在一起，突出了各自独特的特点，并将其与包括年画、京剧和水墨画在内的各种体育场馆和文化元素放在一起，网民们对此非常着迷。根据空1后文名词combination可知，此处应用其以ing结尾的形容词amazing “惊人的、令人惊讶的”修饰事物；空2处应用其形容词性物主代词their和后文own构成固定短语one’s own“某人自己的”。故空1填amazing；填2填their。 10．its【详解】考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填its。 11．it【详解】考查代词。句意：始终要记住一种希望的措施会带你度过令人不愉快的处境。keep it in mind that “牢记……”是固定句型，it是形式宾语，that引导的句子为真正的宾语。故填it。 12．It【详解】考查代词。句意：我的儿子非常激动，但我感觉到无助。我没有这笔钱。它要花费300美元。此处是指代儿子要去做的这件事，用it做主语，故填It。 13．herself【详解】考查反身代词。句意：就在那时，一位留意到我书本的年轻女士走到我面前做了自我介绍。结合句意可知，此处是“自我介绍”表达为introduce oneself，指那位女士自己，应用herself。故填herself。 14．itself【详解】考查代词。句意：整个表演完全以被群山包围的河流为背景作为舞台的。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用反身代词itself（指代lake）作lake的同位语。故填itself。 15．their【详解】考查代词。句意：无论如何，对于越来越多的消费者来说，现金不再是他们的习惯。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词habit，所以此处需用形容词性物主代词修饰habit。故填their。 16．its【详解】考查代词。句意：由于它的幽默和讽刺，相声已经广泛地流传开了。这里需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。指代“相声的”应用its。故填its。 17．them【详解】考查代词。句意：江的父母将会帮助照顾江的女儿。随着他们年老，江和他的妻子会帮助照顾他们。of是介词，介词的后面要接人称代词的宾格形式作介词的宾语，这里用them代指Jiang’s parents。故填them。 18．it【详解】考查代词。句意：可可西里是中国最大、世界第三大的无人区。这个地区的山，冰川，湖泊所有这些使得它成为一个自然美景的乐园。分析句子结构可知，make后缺少宾语，所以需要填代词做make的宾语，这里使用代词it代替Kekexili。故填：it。 19．himself【详解】考查代词。句意：那男孩从房间里跑出来，惊恐地尖叫着，直接跑回家藏在衣柜里。结合句意，此处表示男孩把自己藏在他的壁橱里，故空处应用反身代词himself作hid的宾语。故填himself。 20．his【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在他四十多岁时，他对各种商业感到厌倦。固定搭配in one’s +年龄复数，表示“在某人……岁时”，此处应用形容词性物主代词his，in his forties表示“在他四十多岁的时候”。故填his。 21．ones【详解】考查不定代词。句意：1月2日和1月31日的满月将是超级满月，甚至是蓝色的超级月亮。根据句意可知，此处应用复数代词ones，指代full moons。故填ones。 22．its【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：黄山因为它的四个独特的风景而闻名。此处修饰名词短语four unique scenes，应用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。故填its。 23．their【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：然而，这个女孩不愿听他们的话。名词words前面用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填their。 24．themselves【详解】考查反身代词。句意：老师让他们自己倒咖啡。help oneself to表示“自取，自用”。 再根据them可知，用他们的反身代词。故填themselves。 25．nobody【详解】考查代词。句意：如果他不热爱某事，没有人能持续四十年都擅长某件事。分析句子结构可知，空处缺主语，所以填代词，再根据句意可知，nobody表示“没有人”，符合句意，故填Nobody。 26．those【详解】考查代词。句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比那些不参加的学生更快乐。由句意可知，此处为those指代前面the students，代词those一般指代上文提到的同一类事物的可数名词复数形式。故填those。 27． affecting that【详解】考查现在分词和代词。句意：影响幸福的一个重要因素是人们倾向于将自己的处境与他人的处境进行比较。动词affect意为“影响”，和系动词之间没有连词，和主语factor构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作后置定语。代指前文中提到的situation应用指示代词that。故填①affecting②that。 28．that【详解】考查代词。句意：影响幸福感的一个重要因素是（人们）倾向于将自己的处境与他人的处境进行比较。根据句意可知，在动词短语compare ...with...中，相比较的对象应同类异物，将自己的处境与其他人的处境进行比较，one’s situation为单数，设空处特指“他人的处境”，应用代词that代替situation，故填that。 29． herself what【详解】考查反身代词和宾语从句引导词。句意：23岁时，她走遍了所有的国家，努力挑战自己，挑战她所认为的女性旅行者可能达到的极限。分析可知，动词“challenge”后缺宾语，和主语指的是同一个人，意为“挑战她自己”，所以第一个空填反身代词“herself”。“________ she believed was possible for a female traveler”为之前介词“of”的宾语从句，且该宾语从句中“she”为主语，“believed”为谓语动词，“________ was possible for a female traveler”为动词“believed”的宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，应是连接代词“what”作从句引导词。故填①herself；②what。 30．another【详解】考查不定代词。句意：经常锻炼是帮助我们保持健康的好方法和保持均衡饮食是另一个好方法。根据句意，表示三者或三者以上的“另一个”用不定代词another，故填another。 31．none【详解】考查代词。句意：他借给我了一些书，但是没有哪本书容易读。根据句子结构可知，设空处需要填写代词后面句子的主语，代替的是前面的books。同时根据句中的but可知，前后表示转折关系，与a few相呼应，表示“没有一本书”，故填写none。 32．mine【详解】考查双重所有格和代词。句意：前几天我在广场上遇到了我的一个好朋友，但我们没有聊太多，因为他正在赶公交。双重所有格的形式是“of+名词所有格或者名词性物主代词”，表示所属关系，则设空处需填I的名词性物主代词mine，of mine充当friend的定语。故填mine。 33．myself【详解】考查反身代词。句意：几年前我就有了这个想法，但我找不到一个制造商可以交付我想要的，所以我自己做了。根据所给提示及句意可知，此处指“我自己”做这件事。故填myself。 34．one【详解】考查代词。句意：如今，学校安全是一个热点问题。我认为这是一个现象，一个需要我们高度关注的现象。根据句意和句子结构可知，设空处应该填写的是代词，指代前文的phenomenon，此处的phenomenon表示泛指，即不仅校园安全值得我们关注，还有其他的很多的热议话题都需要我们关注，校园安全只是其中一个。同时phenomenon为可数名词，故用one。 35．its【详解】考查代词。句意：一般来说，人们把成功的生活定义为快乐的、健康的生活，同时也是能最大程度享受的生活。根据句意以及括号中的提示词，to its fullest意为“最充分地享受生活”。it指代的是生活，需要使用的是形容词性物主代词作定语。故填its。 36．me【详解】考查代词。句意：在他的信中，他感谢我对他的工作的赏识。thank是及物动词，后面直接加宾语，所以设空处需填人称代词的宾格。故填me。 37． yours it【详解】考查代词。句意：——我的尺子坏了，能把你的借给我用一下么？——当然，给你。根据所给句子可知，第一个空为代指“你的尺子”因此，需要使用名词性物主代词，故填yours，第二个空为代指尺子，因此需要使用指示代词it，故填①yours；②it。 38．It【详解】考查形式主语。句意：人们相信，正是他在压力下工作的能力导致了他的巨大成功。It is believed that...(据信、人们相信)，It是形式主语，that引导主语从句，首字母大写。故填It。 39．our【详解】考查物主代词。句意：没有人比霍金更伟大了，因为他重塑了我们对那些身体残破但精神坚定的人的理解。understanding和we之间是所属关系，空格处意为“我们的”，需用形容词性物主代词our修饰名词understanding，故填our。 40． It it【详解】考查形式主语。句意：他突然想到，在解决问题之前和老师争论是不礼貌的。It occurs/occurred to sb. that ...意为“某人突然想起”，其中It是形式主语，所以第一个空需填It，句首字母要大写。分析句子结构可知，that从句中也运用了形式主语，结构为“It is/was... + to do sth.”，真正主语是不定式to argue with，则设空处需填it，作形式主语。故填①It ②it。 41．his【详解】考查代词。句意：尽管杰克上了年纪，但他的身体仍然比许多年轻人好。根据括号中的提示以及old age可知，设空处应该填写形容词性物主代词，修饰名词age年龄。故将he变为his，故填写his。 42． it her【详解】考查代词。句意：我讨厌她在我工作的时候打电话给我——我总是忙得没时间和她交谈。根据所给句子可知，此处“when she calls me at work”为hate真正的宾语，因此第一个空需要使用it作为形式宾语，替代真的的宾语“when she calls me at work”，因此第一个空填it；根据第二个空的前后句子提示可知，此处需要代词her做with的宾语，意为“她”，故填①it；②her。 43． my myself【详解】考查代词。句意：最近，因为我的外婆病了，我发现我待在医院的时间更久了。第一个空修饰名词grandmother，需用形容词性物主代词my；第二个空充当found的宾语，由于宾语和主语一致，都是“我”，所以需用反身代词myself。故填①my ②myself。 44．my【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：她意识到了我的潜力，向我展示了我可以用创造力来写作，也向我展示了我可以用创造力和热情来写作。分析句子结构可知，此处的potential是名词，意为“潜力”，所以此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填my。 45．Everyone【详解】考查不定代词。句意：你可以向任何一个人求助。在这里的每一个人都会给予你帮助。根据前句中的 anyone，可知填 everyone符合句意。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Everyone。 46．it【详解】考查代词。句意：抬起你的腿让它在空中停几秒钟。此处填it指代前面出现的“your leg”。故填it。 47．one【详解】考查代词。句意：如果你在摊位上买今天的报纸，你能帮我买一份吗？此处指代前文提到的“报纸中的一份”，表示泛指，用不定代词one。故填one。 48．himself【详解】考查反身代词。句意：——你打算邀请Jack参加我们的聚会吗？——不，但是如果他举止得体，还是很欢迎他来的。behave oneself为固定短语，意为“使举止规矩”，根据主语he可知，应填he的反身代词himself。故填himself。 49．that【详解】考查代词。句意：令黛拉高兴的是，她先是赢得了学生的信任，然后又赢得了同事的信任。此处指代不可数名词trust，表示特指，因此用代词 that。故填that。 50．themselves【详解】考查反身代词。句意：此外，微信上的人更容易与别人比较，当他们发现有些人似乎很成功时，这会让他们自己感觉很郁闷。文中表示“人们自己与他人比较”，用反身代词，故填 themselves。 51．both【详解】考查代词。句意：我们今年可以买一辆新车，也可以去度假，但不能两者兼而有之。both和not连用表示部分否定，此处意为“不能两者都...”。故填both。 52．others【详解】考查代词。句意：有些人买布鞋怀旧，而另一些人则相信它们的质量。 some...others...为固定搭配，意为“一些……另一些……”。故填others。 53．it【详解】考查代词。句意：不管怎样，是时候去户外体验夏天和有趣的家庭活动了。此处是“It is time to do sth.”的固定句型，意为“是时候做某事”，其中的不定式是time的后置定语。故填it。 54．other【详解】考查代词。句意：每块奖牌的一面都雕刻着奥林匹克五环。戒指代表了对团结和和谐的追求，它们也……奖牌的另一面中心是北京2022年冬奥会会徽。 对应上文的one side，此处用“the other side”表示“奖牌的另一面”。故填other。 55．herself【详解】考查代词。句意：就在那时，一位注意到我的书的迷人的年轻女士走到我面前并作了自我介绍。结合句意可知，此处指那个年轻女人向“我”介绍了她自己，应用反身代词herself作宾语。故填herself。 56．them【详解】考查代词。句意：人们取自行车，然后骑上，然后把它们放在任何他们喜欢的地方，锁上后轮，不需要找到一个固定的地方。空处指代上文的“bikes”作宾语，需用代词them。故填them。 57．it【详解】考查代词。句意：中国人自古以来就知道绿茶的好处，他们用它来治疗从头痛到抑郁的各种疾病。指代上文不可数名词green tea，作use的宾语，应用it。故填it。 58．It【详解】考查代词。句意：据发现，平均每年有2800万公吨的撒哈拉沙尘落在南美洲的亚马逊盆地。句中it作形式主语，真正的主语为that从句。根据句意，故填It。 59．itself【详解】考查代词。句意：在接下来的几年里，杭州将尽最大努力为这场盛会做准备。 根据句意及空格前后的动词prepare和介词for，可知此处考查动词短语prepare sb. for sth.（使...做好准备）；根据括号内所给提示词it及句意，可知此处it指代句子主语Hangzhou，即该句的主语和宾语指代同一物，所以宾语要用反身代词。故填itself。 60．it【详解】考查固定句型。句意：然而，尽管关注最新新闻很有趣，但我们可能会把自己置于危险之中。分析可知，此处为固定句型：it is+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是……的”，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填it。 61．themselves【详解】考查反身代词。句意：许多书法家在写作时，会忘却一切烦恼，甚至忘却自己，将一切思想融于艺术之美之中。结合句意可知，此处是指那些书法家会在书写时忘记自己，应用反身代词themselves作forget的宾语。故填themselves。 62．their【详解】考查代词。句意：在这一天，中国文化中一个重要的图腾——龙会伴随着雷声抬起头来。修饰名词heads需填形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 63．nobody【详解】考查代词。句意：会议将在九月召开，但没有人知道确切的日期。根据上文“The meeting will be held in September”和表示转折意义的but可知，此处是指没有人知道会议的确切日期，应用nobody“没有人”作主语。故填nobody。 64．its【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：当你来到张家界，你可以充分欣赏其壮丽的自然风光，体验迷人的民俗风情和其他令人兴奋的旅游活动。空处应用形容词性物主代词its，修饰名词scenery。故填its。 65．himself【详解】考查代词。句意：在信中，Jin介绍了他自己和义乌。结合句意和句子结构，作introduce的宾语表示“他自己”应用反身代词himself。故填himself。 66．other 【详解】考查代词。句意：我假期的一半时间用来练习英语口语，另一半时间用来编程。句中half表示“一半时间”，此处表示“假期中的另一半时间”应用the other half，the other表示“两者之间另外一个”。故填other。 67．that 【详解】考查代词。句意：似乎东京的租房成本比其他任何城市都要高得多。分析可知，空处为同类异物指代，指代上文“the cost of renting a house”应用that。故填that。 68．them【详解】考查代词。句意：越来越多的人愿意网购他们想要的东西，我就是他们中的一员。分析句子可知，设空处应填代词作宾语，在介词后面需宾格形式。故填them。 69．something 【详解】考查不定代词。句意：当你把我介绍给那个商人时，你能帮我说几句话吗?结合语境，此处应填something，表示期待得到对方的肯定答复。故填something。 70．neither 【详解】考查代词。句意：在一个父母都不说英语的家庭里，他很难学习英语。由前一句意义可知，父母两人都不说英语，应用neither of。故填neither。 71．any 【详解】考查代词。句意：警察问了证人许多问题，但她任何一个也没回答。由后一句的转折和否定意义可知，空格处应填any表示“任何一个问题”。故填any。 72．others 【详解】考查代词。句意：你们的队长是团队之星！和别人一起工作真是小菜一碟。other意为“其余的人（或事物）”，队里的其他人不止一人，因此空格处用others。故填others。 73．ourselves 【详解】考查代词。句意：如果长辈为晚辈做一切，我们就不会获得保护自己的能力。主语为we，与宾语一致，需用其对应的反身代词ourselves作宾语。故填ourselves。 74．its【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：许多奥运高技术已首次应用于北京，以确保碳中和的目标。修饰空后名词词组goal of carbon neutrality应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 75．its【详解】考查代词。句意：根据北京2022年冬奥会举办绿色冬奥会和冬残奥会的理念，奖牌平台由可回收材料制成，有助于为中国实现生态社会的目标建立健康的社会环境。修饰名词targets需用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 76．their【详解】考查代词。句意：海南热带雨林国家公园保护着长臂猿和它们的环境。修饰名词environment，应用形容词性物主代词their，表示“长臂猿们的环境”。故填their。 77．them【详解】考查代词。句意：志愿活动有很多好处。当然，赚钱不是其中之一!如果你自愿帮助别人，你会注意到没有报酬其实并不重要。空处指代上文的benefits，作介词of的宾语用they的宾格形式。故填them。 78．himself【详解】考查代词。句意：那男孩从房间里跑出来，惊恐地尖叫着，直接跑回家藏在衣柜里。结合句意，此处表示男孩把自己藏在他的壁橱里，故空处应用反身代词himself作hid的宾语。故填himself。 79．those 【详解】考查代词。句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比那些不参加课外活动的学生更快乐。空格处代词与the students是对应关系，结合“who are not”可知，与上文中提到的学生同类但不同物，需用those替代。故填those。 80．them 【详解】考查代词。句意：故宫博物院藏有约186万件珍贵历史文物，其中，北宋张作端的名作《清明上河图》被认为价值巨大。设空处作介词among的宾语， 应用宾格代词。故填them。 81．one【详解】考查代词。句意：但这是自动成立的吗?难道老人们对新事物的看法总是要被忽视吗?这意味着每一个新的发展都必须是好的，但逻辑上肯定不是这样的。根据a good可知此处要用代词one，指上文every new development同类中任意一个。故填one。 82．her 【详解】考查代词。句意：萨瓦是一个机器人。她是由一个人通过机器人内部的摄像头远程控制的。虽然萨瓦还没有准备好成为一名真正的教师，但孩子们喜欢她的来访。修饰空后名词visits, 应用形容词性物主代词。故填her。 83．us【详解】考查代词。句意：事实上，STEM课程既有趣又令人兴奋。学习科学对我们有好处。在句中做谓语do的宾语，填宾格代词us。故填us。 84．my【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：她认识到了我的潜力，并向我展示了我可以用创造力和热情写作。分析句子结构可知，此处的potential是名词，意为“潜力”，故此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。故填my。 85．them【详解】考查人称代词的宾格。句意：新华社的文章指出“在这四个中，高铁和网络购物并非来自中国，但我们用自己的智慧和创新将这些发明带到了世界顶级水平，并使它们成为中国的名片。”在动词make后应用宾格them作宾语。故填them。 86．it【详解】考查人称代词。句意：在成为网络红人之后，丁真担任了当地的旅游大使，并拍摄了《丁真的世界》，为他的家乡代言。这部电影很快就把它带进了人们的视野。丁真拍摄专题电影，就是要宣传他的家乡，想把他的家乡带入大家的视野，引起人们对他家乡的关注，此处应填代词it代指his hometown。故填it。 87．it【详解】考查代词。句意：不过，这是值得的。我至今还留着那顶金色的头饰，因为它让我想起了那些难忘的日子。根据句意，该空应需要一个代词it指代上文的golden headdress在从句中作主语。故填it。 88．my【详解】考查代词。句意：通过帮助他们，我可以提高自己的理解力，这将有利于我的学习，她解释说。修饰后文名词understanding，应用形容词性物主代词my，表示“提高我自己对中国文化的了解”。故填my。 89．it【详解】考查it的用法。句意：在许多国家，不同背景的家庭住在一起是很平常的。此处为固定句型：it is+形容词+to do sth.，表示“做某事怎么样”，it作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式复合结构for families of different backgrounds to live together。故填it。 90．it【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：我发现我很难在短时间内记住这些单词。分析可知，“find _____ hard to remember these words in a short time”中动词不定式“to remember these words in a short time”为真正宾语，因此所填空用it作形式宾语，构成“find it +形容词+to do…”，意为“发现做某事是怎么样的”。故填it。 91．my【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：当我看着这张我自己的照片……这张照片经常让我回想起高中时代的许多美好回忆。修饰名词短语high school days用形容词性物主代词，故填my。 92．Its【详解】考查代词。句意：它在四月的第一个星期六。它的目的是向美国儿童致敬和庆祝，并强调爱在他们成长过程中的重要性。设空处修饰名词aim，联系上句可知，此处表示此节日的目的，表示所属关系，指物，故用形容词性物主代词its（它的），又因设空处在句首，首字母要大写。故填Its。 93．them【详解】考查代词。句意：科学家说，大脑的一个区域将记忆分配给气味，并将其储存数十年。分析句子结构可知，设空处作动词stores的宾语，需填入they的宾格形式them。故填them。 【点睛】 94．both【详解】考查代词。句意：如今，无论是对游客还是当地人来说，胡同都在逐渐淡出人们的视线。根据句意可知，此处是固定搭配both...and...“两者都……”。故填both。 95．their【详解】考查代词。句意：年轻的警察被他们的损失和悲伤所感动，他说他非常愿意做他们的儿子。根据空后的loss and sadness(名词短语)可知，该空应填形容词性物主代词，作定语。故填their。 96．itself【详解】考查反身代词。句意：江苏周庄自称“中国最古老的水乡”。主语和宾语是同一个人或物时用反身代词作宾语，本句用反身代词itself作calls的宾语。故填itself。 97．my【详解】考查代词。句意：她认识到了我的潜力，并向我展示了我能用我的创造力和热情写作。分析句子结构可知， 此处的potential是名词， 意为“潜力”， 故此处应用形容词性物主代词my（我的）修饰名词。故填my。 98．those【详解】考查代词。句意：然而，也有不少人，特别是那些在农村的人，会定一个幸运的日子，这样他们的婚姻就会“双喜临门”。根据语境可知，空处指代前文中那些人，而且后面有定语修饰，所以用those指代，它表示与前面同类的东西或人，总是伴随着限定性的后置修饰语，表示复数。故填those。 99．none【详解】考查代词。句意：我哥哥想买块好手表，但那家店里没有。由but引导的转折逻辑推知，后句要表达“（那家店里）没有好手表”，此时可用代词none表示“没有一个人或事物”。故填none。 100．either【详解】考查代词。句意：我住在纽约和芝加哥，但不太喜欢这两个城市。分析句子并结合句意可知，表示不喜欢两个城市中的任何一个，用either符合题意。故填either。 |
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来自： 唯美素材 > 《高考英语语法专题讲与练》
