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✦+ + ✦ + + 饮食文化 各大菜系 major styles of cooking / cuisine 粽 子 Zongzi: a pyramid-shaped dumpling made of glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves （eaten on the Dragon Boat Festival） 月饼 moon cake 蜜饯 candied preserved fruit / sweetened preserved plums 豆沙 sweet bean paste 蛋黄 egg yolk 咸蛋黄 marinated egg yolk 海鲜 seafood 扇贝 scallop 大葱 scallion 葱 green onion 肉馅 minced meat 鱼糜 minced fillet 虾糜 minced shrimp 饺子 Jiaozi boiled dumpling 八宝饭 8-treasure rice 鲤鱼 carp 青鱼 black carp 草鱼 grass carp 欧洲鲫鱼 crucian carp 鲫鱼 golden carp 鲈鱼 bass 桂鱼 Chinese perch 石斑鱼 garoupa 三文鱼/ 大麻哈鱼 salmon 金枪鱼 tuna 鳕鱼 cod 年糕 rice cake - year cake 胡桃 walnut 饭票， 餐券 meal ticket 涮羊肉 thin slices of mutton for boiling in a hot pot 芝麻 sesame 油条 deep-fried dough sticks 酱油 soy sauce 绿豆 mung beans 油饼 deep-fried dough cake 汤 soup 菜 dish 豆浆 soybean milk 盖交饭 rice served with meat and veggies on top 香菜 cilantro （Chinese parsley cilantro/ coriander） 粉丝 glass noodles; vermicelli made from bean starch, etc. 馒头 steamed buns 花卷 steamed twisted rolls 包子 steamed stuffed buns 肉包子 steamed bun with meat filling 肉馅 meat filling 豆沙包 steamed bun filled with bean paste 豆沙馅 bean-paste filling 春卷 spring roll （ a thin sheet of dough,stuffed, rolled and fried） 包饺子 making Chinese dumplings 案板 kneading board 擀面杖 rolling pin 馅 stuffing; filling 面团儿 dough 饺子皮 dumpling wrappers 馄饨皮 wonton wrappers 网筛 wire strainer 蒸笼 bamboo （food） steamer 锅贴 pot sticker 烧卖 shaomai （a steamed dumpling with the dough gathered at the top） 葱饼 scallion pancake 推棍儿 pancake spreader 甜面酱 sweet sauce made of fermented flour 北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck 面条 noodles 拉面 hand-stretched noodles; ramen 方便面 instant noodle 挂面 fine dried noodles 炒面 fried noodles 凉面 cold noodles in sauce 馄饨 wonton （dumplings in soup） 刀削面 shaved noodles 米粉 rice flour 面粉 wheat flour 烤面包 toast 果酱 jam 三明治 sandwich 热狗 hot dog 汉堡包 hamburger 糖纳滋 doughnut 百吉饼、面包圈 bagel 高粱饴 sorghum candy 酒心糖 liqueur-filled candy 口香糖 chewing gum 泡泡糖 bubble gum 山楂片 haw flakes 糖炒栗子 chestnuts roast （in sand） with brown sugar 爆米花 popcorn 松糕 sponge cake 绿豆粥 mung bean porridge 红豆粥 red bean porridge 杏核豆腐 almond bean curd 豆腐 tofu（bean curd） 麻花 fried dough twist 萨其马 egg crisp cake 鱿鱼 squid 笋 bamboo shoot 笋干 air-dried bamboo shoot 香菇 dried mushroom 草菇 straw mushroom 猴菇 hedgehog mushroom 木耳 wood-ear/ Jew’s ear 白木耳 tremella 冬虫夏草 Chinese caterpillar fungus 海带 kelp 紫菜 seaweed 燕窝 bird’s nest 海蜇 jellyfish 海参 sea cucumber 鲍鱼 abalone 鱼翅 shark’s fin 熊掌 bear’s paw 豆腐泡 beancurd puff 腐乳 fermented beancurd 刀工 cutting technique 切丁 dice 切条 slice 切丝 shred 剁、剁碎 chop 切碎（成泥） mince 方块 cube 块 chunk 瓜子 sunflower seeds 莲藕 lotus root 莲子 lotus seeds 青蒜，韭葱 leek 韭菜 Chinese chives / leek 平菇 oyster mushroom 苦瓜 bitter gourd 四季豆、菜豆 string bean， snap bean，green bean 豌豆荚、雪豆荚 snow pea 豆芽 bean sprout 绿豆芽 mung bean sprouts 黄豆芽 soybean sprouts 枣子 Chinese dates 山楂 haw 石榴 pomegranate 弥猴桃、奇异果 kiwi fruit 荔枝 lychee 龙眼 longan 橘子 tangerine 西柚、葡萄柚 grapefruit 佛手瓜 Buddha’s-hand; fingered citron 木瓜 papaya 核桃仁 walnut meat 松子，松人 pine nut kernels 西瓜子 melon seeds 腰果 cashew nut 榛果， 榛子 hazelnut 葡萄 grape 核桃 walnut 谷 grain; cereal 米 rice long rice 长米，较硬，煮前先泡一个小时 Pudding rice or short rice 短米，较软 Brown rice 糙米 THAI Fragrant rice 泰国香米 Glutinous rice 糯米 强力面粉 strong flour 中筋面粉，不含发酵粉的面粉 plain flour 自发粉 self- raising flour 小麦面粉 whole meal flour 砂糖 brown sugar 红糖（感冒时煮姜汤时用）dark brown sugar 糖粉 icing sugar 冰糖 rock sugar 醋 vinger 玉米淀粉、太白粉 cornstarch 麦芽糖 maltose 芝麻 sesame seeds 麻油 sesame oil 蚝油 oyster sauce 胡椒 pepper 白胡椒 white pepper 黑胡椒 black pepper 辣椒粉 red chilli powder 芝麻酱 sesame paste 味精 msg （monosodium glutamate） 豆鼓 black bean sauce 大红豆 red kidney bean 冬菇 dried black mushroom 酸菜 pickled mustard-green 八角、茴香 anise 荸荠、马蹄 water chestnuts 虾米 dried shrimps 明虾 prawn 美食节 gourmet festival 中餐烹饪 Chinese cuisine; Chinese culinary art 色香味形 color, aroma, taste and appearance 四大菜系：four major Chinese cusines: 山东菜 Shangdong cuisine 川菜 Sichuan cuisine 粤菜 Canton cuisine 扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine 南淡北咸 the light southern cuisine and the salty northern cusine 东甜西辣 the sweet eastern cuisine and the spicy western cuisine 八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding 风味小吃 local delicacy 切片 slice 切丝 shred 切丁 dice 切碎 mince 绞碎 grind 大、旺、武火 high heat 中火 medium heat 小、微、文火 low heat 煎 pan-fry 炒 stir-fry; sauté 爆 quick-fry 炸 deep-fry 烩 stew 熏 smoke 煨， 炖 simmer,stew 煮 boil 烘 bake 烤 bake; roast, grill 架烤 grill; BBQ 蒸 steam 红烧 braise （with soy sauce） 涮 （羊肉） dip-boil （mutton slices） |
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