01. jaw muscle jaw [dʒɔː] n.下巴;颌 temporomandibular joint 颞下颌关节 temporomandibular [tempərəʊmæn'dɪbjʊlə(r)] adj.颞下颌的 The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) acts like a sliding hinge, connecting your jawbone ([ˈdʒɔːˌbəʊn] n.下颌骨) to your skull. You have one joint on each side of your jaw. ![]() temporalis muscle 颞肌 The temporalis muscle is a thin, fan-shaped muscle situated within the temporal fossa (['temp(ə)rəl] ['fɒsə]颞窝) of the skull. Along with the medial pterygoid ( ['mi:diəl] ['terəgɔɪd] 翼内肌), lateral pterygoid ([ˈlæt(ə)rəl] ['terəgɔɪd] 翼外肌) and masseter muscles ([mæ'seɪtə] n.【解】咬肌), it belongs to the group masticatory muscles (['mæstɪkətərɪ] adj.咀嚼的). lateral pterygoid ([ˈlæt(ə)rəl] ['terəgɔɪd] 翼外侧肌 masseter muscle [mæ'seɪtə] n.【解】咬肌 ![]() 05. acetylcholinesterase (AChE) [æsɪtɪlkəʊlɪ'nestəreɪs] n.乙酰胆碱酯酶 an enzyme that occurs chiefly in cholinergic ([ˌkoʊlə'nədʒɪk] adj.类胆碱(功)能的) nerve endings and promotes the hydrolysis ([haɪˈdrɒləsɪs] n.水解(化合物的加水分解)of acetylcholine ([ˌæsɪtɪl'kɒli:n] n.乙酰胆碱) 06. synaptic transmission un.突触传递 Synaptic transmission is the key process in the integrative (['ɪntɪgreɪtɪv] adj.综合的) action of the nervous system. Synaptic transmission is the process at synapses (['saɪnæps] n.突触) by which a chemical signal (a transmitter) is released from one neuron and diffuses to other neurons or target cells where it generates a signal which excites, inhibits or modulates ([ˈmɒdjʊleɪt] v.调节) cellular activity. 07. endplate potential (EPP) 终板电位 The end-plate potential is a graded potential (it is not all-or-none) that propagates ([ˈprɒpəɡeɪt] v.传播) electrotonically to the neighboring patch of muscle fiber membrane where it initiates an action potential on the muscle much like it does on unmyelinated ([ʌn'maɪəlɪneɪtɪd] adj.无髓的) nerves. 08. ionic [aɪ'ɒnɪk] adj.离子的 of, relating to, existing as, or characterized by ions 09. degradation [.deɡrə'deɪʃ(ə)n] n.退化;降低 10. exocytosis [eksəʊsaɪ'təʊsɪs] n.胞吐作用 the release of cellular substances (such as secretory products) contained in cell vesicles (['vesɪkl]n.(动植物体内的)泡囊) by fusion of the vesicular([və'sɪkjʊlə] adj.多泡(状)的) membrane with the plasma membrane and subsequent (['sʌbsɪkwənt] adj.随后的) release of the contents to the exterior (ɪkˈstɪəriə(r)] n.外观;外表 adj.外面的) of the cell 11. vesicle ['vesɪkl]n.(动植物体内的)泡囊 a membranous (['membrənəs] adj.膜;膜状的) and usually fluid-filled pouch ([paʊtʃ]n.小袋子) (such as a cyst, vacuole (['vækjuəʊl]n.泡), or cell) in a plant or animal 12. fatigue [fəˈtiːɡ] n.疲劳;劳累 weariness (['wɪərɪnəs] n.疲倦) or exhaustion from labor, exertion ([ɪɡˈzɜː(r)ʃ(ə)n] n.费力,尽力), or stress 13. excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)兴奋性突触后电位 |
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