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宇宙的新时空观 The New View of Space and Time in the Universe 胡良，Hu Liang 摘要：物质总是永恒运动的，时间（包含时刻和时段）体现了变化的持续性及顺序性。时间是不受外界影响的物质周期变化的规律（体现了因果律存在的逻辑）。 关键词：时间，空间，物质 作者，总工，高工，硕士 1引言 物质总是永恒运动的，时间（包含时刻和时段）体现了变化的持续性及顺序性。时间是不受外界影响的物质周期变化的规律（体现了因果律存在的逻辑）。 Matter always moves forever, and time (including time and time periods) reflects the continuity and sequence of change. Time is a law of material cycle change that is not influenced by external factors (reflecting the logic of causality). 2空间，时间及物质的联系 宇宙是由空间，时间及物质组成的。宇宙的空间（永远保持静止状态）是无穷大的，并且是连续的（类似于无穷大的容器，具有绝对性，与参考系无关）。水桶实验可证明宇宙的空间是静止（均匀，连续及无穷大）的容器（三维空间）。 The universe is composed of space, time, and matter. The space of the universe (always at rest) is infinite and continuous (similar to an infinite container, with absoluteness, independent of the reference frame). The bucket experiment can prove that the space of the universe is a stationary (uniform, continuous, and infinite) container (three-dimensional space). 宇宙的时间（由运动周期表达）总是均匀向前单向流逝的（具有不可逆性），具有绝对性，无限性，体现为绝对时间（与参考系无关）。因果律体现了时间的绝对性。 The time of the universe (expressed by the period of motion) always passes uniformly forward in one direction (with irreversibility), has absoluteness, infinity, and is reflected as absolute time (independent of the reference frame). The law of causality reflects the absoluteness of time. 这意味着，宇宙的时间（绝对时间）具有连续性、不间断性；换句话说，宇宙的时间没有量子特性。 This means that the time of the universe (absolute time) is continuous and uninterrupted; In other words, time in the universe has no quantum properties. 值得一提的是，宇宙的空间及时间，与物质之间是相互独立的；物质只能够处于宇宙的空间及时间之中，而物质总是以核式结构的方式（无限循环的核式结构）运动。也就是说，宇宙是无穷大的，具有核式结构。 It is worth mentioning that the space and time of the universe are independent of matter; Matter can only exist in the space and time of the universe, and matter always moves in a nuclear structure (an infinite cycle of nuclear structure). That is to say, the universe is infinite and has a nuclear structure. 显然，时间，空间及物质需要分开来解释。 Obviously, time, space, and matter need to be explained separately. 物质的内禀属性与参考系无关（体现为洛伦兹变换）；物质的相对属性与参考系有关（体现为伽利略变换）。这意味着，在一个孤立量子体系内部，无法通过观测来确定该孤立量子体系相对于参考系是静止的，或，是匀速运动的。 The intrinsic properties of matter have nothing to do with the reference system (embodied in the Lorentz transformation); The relative properties of matter are related to the reference system (embodied in the Galilean transformation). This means that within an isolated quantum system, it is impossible to determine through observation whether the isolated quantum system is stationary or moving at a uniform speed relative to the reference frame. 孤立量子体系（由物质组成）具有内禀的空间荷及相应的信号速度（内禀属性，与参考系无关）。从广义的角度来看，物质是由荷（体现为信号速度）及相应的场组成的（体现为纠缠，超距）。 Isolated quantum systems (composed of matter) have intrinsic spatial charges and corresponding signal velocities (intrinsic properties, independent of the reference frame). From a broad perspective, matter is composed of charges (reflected in signal velocity) and corresponding fields (reflected in entanglement, over distance). 例如，电子含有负电荷（具有刚性），体现为信号速度（与参考系无关）；同时，电子也具有相应的电场，体现为纠缠（超距）。 狭义相对论就是光子的横向多普勒效应。广义相对论就是揭示物质的内禀属性（物质是由荷及相应场组成的）。 For example, electrons contain negative charges (with rigidity), reflected in signal velocity (independent of the reference frame); At the same time, electrons also have corresponding electric fields, manifested as entanglement (over distance). Special relativity is the transverse Doppler effect of photons. General relativity is the disclosure of the intrinsic properties of matter (matter is composed of charges and corresponding fields). 从另一个角度来看，物质体现为时间及空间一起组成的四维时空。物质内禀的时间是指空间荷运动的频率，物质内禀的空间是指运动的空间荷。 From another perspective, matter manifests as a four-dimensional space-time composed of time and space. The intrinsic time of matter refers to the frequency of spatial charge motion, while the intrinsic space of matter refers to the spatial charge of motion. 广义相对论预测质量将造成扭曲的时空结构，并且在大质量附近的时钟的时间流逝将比在距离大质量较远的地方的时钟的时间流逝要慢。该时间指的相对时间，而相对时间可以换算成绝对时间。 General relativity predicts that mass will cause distorted spatiotemporal structures, and the time passage of clocks near large masses will be slower than that of clocks far away from large masses. This time refers to relative time, which can be converted into absolute time. 狭义相对论的时间膨胀效应，在观察者看来，一个具有相对运动的时钟的时间流逝比自己参考系的（静止的）时钟的时间流逝慢。该时间也是指的相对时间，而相对时间可以换算成绝对时间。 The time dilation effect of special relativity, in the view of observers, the time passing of a clock with relative motion is slower than that of a (stationary) clock in its own reference frame. This time also refers to relative time, which can be converted into absolute time. 值得注意的是，物质具有内禀时间（间断的，具有量子特性），普朗克时间就是物质的时间最小单位。 物质具有内禀的空间荷（间断的，具有量子特性），普朗克空间（空间荷）就是物质的空间最小单位。 It is worth noting that matter has intrinsic time (intermittent, with quantum properties), and Planck time is the smallest unit of time of matter. Matter has an intrinsic spatial charge (discontinuous, with quantum properties), and Planck space (spatial charge) is the smallest unit of space for matter. 根据量子三维常数理论（真正的大统一理论）， 电流的量纲，<[L^(1)T^(-1)]>； 电阻的量纲，>[L^(3)T^(－2)]<； 电子电荷的量纲，<[－L^(3)T^(-1)]>； 电子磁荷的量纲，<[－L^(3)T^(-2)]>； 电容的量纲，>[L^(-3)T^(3)]<； 温度的量纲，>[L^(2)T^(－3)]<； 熵的量纲，<[L^(3)T^(0)]>； 质量的量纲，<[L^(3)T^(-1)]>； 能量的量纲，<[L^(3)T^(-1)]>*>[L^(2)T^(－2)]<； 光子的量纲，<[L^(3)T^(－1)]>*>[L^(3)T^(－2)]<； 物质的量纲，<[L^(3)T^(0)]>*>[L^(3)T^(－3)]<。 According to the quantum three-dimensional constant theory (the true grand unified theory), The dimension of current,<[L^(1) T^(-1)]>; The dimension of resistance,>[L^(3) T^(-2)]<; The dimension of electronic charge,<[- L^(3)T^(-1)]>; The dimension of electronic magnetic charge,<[- L^(3)T^(-2)]>; The dimension of capacitance,>[L^(-3)T^(3)]<; The dimension of temperature,>[L^(2)T^(-3)]<; The dimension of entropy,<[L^(3)T^(0)]>; The dimension of quality,<[L^(3)T^(-1)]>; The dimension of energy,<[L^(3)T^(-1)]>*>[L^(2)T^(-2)]<; The dimension of photons,<[L^(3)T^(-1)]>*>[L^(3)T^(-2)]<; The dimension of matter,<[L^(3)T^(0)]>*>[L^(3)T^(-3)]<. 任何一个粒子都具有温度，众多的粒子聚集在一起，体现为统计学的温度（与该孤立量子体系的动能有关）。 任何一个粒子都具有压强，众多的粒子聚集在一起，体现为统计学的压强，与该孤立量子体系的内能（总能量）有关。 孤立量子体系内禀的势能（亥姆霍兹自由能）是该孤立量子体系的状态函数。 该孤立量子体系的能量（内能）等于该孤立量子体系的动能与势能之和。 Any particle has a temperature, and numerous particles gather together, which is reflected in the statistical temperature (related to the kinetic energy of the isolated quantum system). Any particle has pressure, and numerous particles gather together, which is reflected in statistical pressure and is related to the internal energy (total energy) of the isolated quantum system. The intrinsic potential energy (Hermann von Helmholtz free energy) of an isolated quantum system is the state function of the isolated quantum system. The energy (internal energy) of this isolated quantum system is equal to the sum of its kinetic energy and potential energy. 气体中粒子（原子，分子等），相互之间体现为万有引力。 液体中粒子（原子，分子等），相互之间体现为磁力（体现为纠缠态，力的大小与距离成反比）。 固体中粒子（原子，分子等），相互之间体现为强力（具有渐近自由属性）。 Particles (atoms, molecules, etc.) in gas are reflected as gravitational forces between themselves. Particles (atoms, molecules, etc.) in liquids are reflected as magnetic forces (manifested as entangled states, with the magnitude of the force inversely proportional to distance). Particles (atoms, molecules, etc.) in solids exhibit strong forces (with asymptotic freedom properties) towards each other. 这是量子三维常数理论的科普版；量子三维常数理论的具体内容，请到版权局（中国版权局，美国版权局等网站）查版权。 This is a popular version of the quantum three-dimensional constant theory; For specific content on the theory of quantum three-dimensional constants, please go to the Copyright Office (websites such as the China Copyright Office and the United States Copyright Office) to check for copyright. |
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