医学英语难句剖析2021-12-19
No.23In examining a very sick patient the recumbent posture is the only possible one, the patient lying entirely relaxed. When lateral and posterior views are required of such a patient he should be gently turned from one side to the other, the facial expression being meanwhile noted for any signs of pain and distress.
词汇注释adj. 平卧;躺着的;躺倒的
n. 美容,面部护理 adj. 面部
n. 忧虑;悲伤 adj. 使悲伤;使苦恼
语法注释In examining a very sick patient 是介词短语作状语,表示时间。 the only possible one only是替代词,代替posture。 the facial expression being meanwhile noted for any signs of pain and distress 独立分词短语作状语,表示伴随情况。
参考译文检查重病人时只能采取卧姿,使病人完全松弛地躺着。当需要这样的病人接受侧面和后面的检查时,应该轻轻地把他从一侧翻到另一侧,同时注意病人的面部表情有没有痛苦的征象。
NO.24In the physical examination of the chest, the patient must assume a perfectly natural and unconstrained position. It is preferable, whenever possible, to have the patient in the erect posture, the arms hanging naturally at the sides. When the lateral surface of the chest is inspected, patient's hands should be clasped behind his head, allowing free exposure.
词汇注释v. 假定;承担;采取
adv. 完全地;非常
adj. 垂直的,竖直的 vt 建立,建造
n. 扣环,紧抱 vt. 紧扣,抱紧
语法注释:It is preferable, whenever possible, to have the patient in the erect posture it 是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式短语,to have the patient in the erect posture,have在这里作使役动词,可译作“使”或“让”。 the arms hanging naturally at the sides 是独立分词短语,作状语,表示陪衬性动作。
参考译文在检查胸部的时候,病人必须采取完全自然没有约束的姿势,可能的时候最好让病人采取双臂在身体两侧自然下垂的直立姿势。在检查胸部侧面的时候,病人的双手应该举到头的后面互相扣拉,让该侧面毫无遮挡的显露出来。
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