【原】【医英难句】系列#41#42

医学英语难句剖析

2022-02-05

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• No.41

• 词汇注释

• 语法注释

• 参考译文

• NO.42

• 词汇注释

• 语法注释：

• 参考译文

No.41

It deserves to be borne in mind that in measles there appears to be a tendency in some cases for the disease to leave behind a weakened condition of the general health c.

词汇注释

• measles  美 [miːzlz]

n.
麻疹

• robust  美 [roʊˈbʌst]

adj.
强健的;强劲的

• enlargement  美 [ɪnˈlɑːrdʒmənt]

n.
扩大，肿大

语法注释

1. that in measles there appears to be a tendency 由从属连词that引导的主语从句，作主语，it是形式主语，deserve 是谓语，to be borne in mind 是动词不定式短语作deserve的宾语。

2. for the disease to leave behind a weakened condition of the general health，是动词不定式短语，带有自己的主语 disease，由介词短语 for引导，在句中做定语，修饰tendency。

3. which may render children, previously robust, delicate and liable to chest complaints and enlargement of the gland,关系代词which引导定语从句，修饰 a weakened condition.

参考译文

值得牢记的是麻疹在有些病例中，似乎有一种倾向，即病后健康状况减弱，使本来身体强健的孩子变得娇柔并易患胸部疾病和腺体肿大。

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NO.42

There are several views regarding the nature of viruses. Some hold that viruses are ultramicroscopic living organisms and others maintain that they are not living cells at all but enzymes that achieve their action by producing changes in the bacteria that are locally present. A middle position between these extremes states that viruses are living, but are very much more limited as organisms than bacteria.

词汇注释

• ultramicroscopic

adj.
超显微的，极微小的

• enzyme  美 [ˈenzaɪm]

n.
酶

• extreme  美 [ɪkˈstriːm]

adj.
极端的，偏激的

语法注释：

1. regarding the nature of viruses 是介词短语作状语。

2. that viruses are ultramicroscopic living organisms 是由从属连词that引导的宾语从句，作hold的宾语。

参考译文

关于病毒的本质有好几种观点。有些人认为病毒是超显微镜的有生命的机体，而另一些人则认为病毒根本不是有生命的细胞，而只是一些酶，它在附近的细菌中产生变化而发挥其作用。处在这两极端之间有一个折中的见解，那就是病毒是有生命的，但是要比细菌低级得多。