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Ⅰ.认阅读单词 1．hybrid n．杂交植(动)物；合成物；混合动力车 2．crisis n．(pl.crises)危机；危急关头 3．characteristic n．特征；特点；品质 adj.典型的；独特的 4．conventional adj.传统的；习惯的 5．pollinate vt.授粉；传粉 6．domestic adj.本国的；国内的；家用的；家庭的 7．strain n．(动、植物的)系；品种；拉伤；压力 8．celebrity n．名望；名誉；名人；名流 9．envision vt.展望；想象 10．sorghum n．高粱；高粱米 11．broom n．扫把；扫帚；金雀花 12．grain n．谷物；谷粒；颗粒 13．urban adj.城市的；都市的；城镇的 14．bomb n．炸弹 vt.轰炸；对……投炸弹 15．tunnel n．地下通道；地道；隧道 16．wheat n．小麦；小麦籽 17．flavour(NAmE -vor)n．味道；特点；特色 18．fertiliser(NAmE-izer) n．肥料 19．poverty n．贫穷；贫困 20．organic adj.有机的；不使用化肥的；有机物的 21．pesticide n．杀虫剂；除害药物 22．bacterium n．(pl.bacteria)细菌 23．grocery n．食品杂货店；[pl.]食品杂货 Ⅱ.记重点单词 1．tackle vt.解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理 2．boost vt.使增长；使兴旺 n．增长；提高；激励 3．yield n．产量；产出 vt.出产(作物)；产生(收益、效益等) vi.屈服；让步 4．attain vt.(通常经过努力)获得；得到 5．intense adj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的 6．overcome vt.(overcame，overcome)克服；解决；战胜 7．output n．产量；输出；输出量 vt.(output，output)输出 8．estimate vt.估计；估价；估算 n．估计；估算 9．comprise vt.包括；包含；由……组成 10．generate vt.产生；引起 11．leisure n．闲暇；休闲；空闲 12．soil n．泥土；土壤；国土；领土 13．vision n．想象；视力；视野；影像 14．reality n．现实；实际情况；事实 15．alleviate vt.减轻；缓解 16．widespread adj.分布广的；普遍的；广泛的 17．digest vt.& vi.消化 vt.领会；领悟 n．摘要；文摘 18．essential adj.完全必要的；极其重要的 19．mineral n．矿物；矿物质 20．alternative n．可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的 21．instance n．例子；实例；事例 22．root n．根；根茎；根部；根源 23．aspect n．方面；层面 Ⅲ.知拓展单词 1．devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于→devotion n．奉献；忠诚；挚爱→devotedadj.挚爱的；全心全意的；忠诚的 2．shortage n．不足；缺少；短缺→shortadj.短的；矮的；缺乏的；简略的 3．convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服→convincingadj.有说服力的；使人信服的→convinced adj.确信的；坚信的 4．assumption n．假定；设定；(责任的)承担；(权力的)获得→assumev．假定；设想；承担→assumingconj.假定；假设 5．expand vt.& vi.扩大；增加 vt.扩展；发展(业务)→expansion n．扩大；扩张；扩充 6．consumption n．消耗；消耗量；消费→consumevt.消耗；消费；吃；喝→consumern．消费者；用户；客户 7．salty adj.含盐的；咸的→saltn．盐 8．extension n．扩建部分；扩大；电话分机→extendvt.伸开；展开；延伸→extensiveadj.广阔的；大规模的；广泛的 9．chemical adj.与化学有关的；化学的 n．化学制品；化学品→chemistryn．化学→chemically adv.化学上地→chemist n．化学家；药剂师 10．nutritional adj.营养(物)的→nutritiousadj.有营养的；营养丰富的→nutrition n．营养；滋养 11．depth n．向下(或向里)的距离；深(度)→deepadj.深的→deeply adv.深深地；强烈地→deepen vt.加深；(使)变深 12．entirely adv.全部地；完整地；完全地→entireadj.全部的；完全的
1．hesitate vt.犹豫；踌躇 2．hopeless adj.没有希望的；绝望的 3．horrible adj.令人恐惧的；恐怖的 4．humor n．幽默，幽默感 5．humorous adj.幽默的 6．hypothesis n．假设；前提 7．ideal adj.理想的；美好的 8．identification n．鉴定；识别 Ⅳ.背核心短语 1．devote...to把……用于；献身；致力；专心 2．be comprised of包括；包含；由……组成(或构成) 3．deep down在内心深处；本质上；实际上 4．in turn相应地；转而；依次；轮流 5．for instance例如；比如 6．be like...像…… 7．fulfil one’s dreams 实现某人的梦想 8．in fact事实上 9．turn to转向；求助于 10．be ready for为……做准备 Ⅴ.悟经典句式 1．However，what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.(that引导的表语从句) 然而，他最关心的是农民经常粮食歉收，有时甚至出现严重的食物短缺。 2．How this could be done was a challenging question at the time.(how引导的主语从句) 如何实现这一目标成为当时一个颇具挑战性的问题。 3．However，whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.(whether引导的主语从句) 然而，是否可能开发出水稻等自花授粉作物的杂交品种，仍众说纷纭。 4．Given that Yuan’s hybrids made him quite wealthy，one might think he would have retired to a life of leisure.(given that引导的原因状语从句) 考虑到杂交水稻使袁隆平变得相当富有，人们可能认为他会退休享受闲适的生活。 5．Why different crops are grownis because they put important minerals back into the ground，making it ready for the next batch of crops.(why引导的主语从句；because引导的表语从句) 种植不同作物是为了把重要的矿物质重新放回土壤之中，让土壤为下一批作物(的种植)做好准备。
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。 Our class is comprised of thirty students from the countryside.Deep down，all of us envisionourselves attaining respectful jobs in urban cities in the near future.Dreams are rooted in our hearts.We are greatly 1.convinced that being entirely devoted to our study can boost our confidence in tackling crises.We will combine conventional learning methods with modern ones to expandour knowledge.Then we’ll bravely output what we have learned.Certainly，it is essential that we shouldn’t 2.yield to difficulties.The instant we can’t digest some aspectsthe teacher says in class，we will be overcome with sorrow.Too much homework generates much strain，but we have alternativemethods to 3.alleviate our frustration.For instance，we will buy nutritiousfoods in a grocery store in our leisure time，although we have a 4.shortageof money.On the assumption that we always have such an 5.intense andwidespread interest in study，it is estimated that we can put our dreams into 6.reality，whichin turn can enable us to live a better life that we have been looking forward to.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
(1)It is his devotion(devote) to his learning that enables him to attaina doctor’s degree. (2)我最崇拜的人是我的英语老师，他致力于教学。(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达) ①The person I admire most is my English teacher who/that devotes himself to/is devoted to his teaching.(定语从句) ②The person I admire most is my English teacher devoted to his teaching.(过去分词短语作后置定语)
(1)His speech was so convincingthat everyone present entirely believed what he said.From his convincing words，I was entirely convinced of his ability to tackle this problem perfectly.(convince) (2)我深信我能胜任这份工作，如果有幸得到这个职位，我将尽最大努力履行职责。(应用文写作之申请信) I am greatly convinced that I am qualified for this job and I will try my best to perform my duties if I am lucky enough to get the position. (3)我已经说服爸爸支持我们沿湄公河骑行的计划。告诉他我们所作的准备之后，我已使他相信我们有能力独自安全旅行。 I have convinced my father to support our plan to cycle along the Mekong River.After telling him what we have prepared，Ihave convinced him of our ability to have a safe trip/that we have the ability to have a safe trip.
(1)Deep down they assumed her to be(be) the best singer of their time. (2)假如我被选为学生会主席，我将组织更多丰富多彩的课外活动以丰富我们的学校生活。 On the assumption that/Assuming that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Union，I will organize more colorful after-class activities to enrich our school life. (3)People assume that drinking Chinese tea can not only refresh ourselves but also strengthen our memory.(话题写作之传统文化) →It is generally assumed that not only can drinking Chinese tea refresh ourselves but also it can strengthen our memory.(用It is generally assumed that...；not only...but also...的倒装句改写)
(1)On the assumption that you are available，I can come to your house，or alternatively(alternative)，we can meet in the town. (2)面对海洋令人担忧的现状，人类别无选择只能彼此合作解决这个海洋危机。毕竟，世界上没有东西可以是海洋的替代品。(2022·全国甲，书面表达) Faced with the worrying current situation of oceans，human beings have no alternative but to cooperate with each other to tackle the ocean crisis.After all，nothing in the world can be an alternative tooceans.
用turn的相关短语填空 Some student representatives (1)took turns to deliver speeches at the coming-of-age ceremony.Finally，it (2)was my turn.Personally，in the past it was our parents and teachers that helped us in many aspectsand (3)in turn，we should give a helping hand to them from now on. For instance，we and our parents can do housework (4)by turns.It (5)turns out that the ceremony makes a great difference to us.(改编自2020·天津6月，书面表达)
(1)鉴于您对中国的传统节日端午节非常感兴趣，我写信向您介绍这一节日。(话题写作之传统文化) Given that you are keen on the traditional Chinese festival，Dragon Boat Festival，I am writing to introduce it to you. (2)鉴于没有人帮他与恶狼作斗争，他立即从自行车上下来，并且抓牢自行车，用尽全力把它扔向狼，试图把狼吓跑。(读后续写之动作链描写) Given that there was nobody to help him fight against the fierce wolf，he instantly got off the bike，seized the bike tightly and threw it towards the wolf with all his strength，trying to frighten it away.
1．Her pet transport job was born of the financial crisis in the late 2000s.(2022·浙江1月) 她的宠物运输工作诞生于2000年代末的金融危机。 2．Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact and share with one another.(2022·全国乙) 长久的友谊具有双方平等联系和彼此分享的特征。 3．But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly whichaspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ) 但是这项研究规模很小，需要在更大的群体中重做这项研究以精确地确定日常锻炼的哪些方面影响最大。 4．The next step，according to the researchers，is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues，or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. (2022·全国甲) 研究人员表示，下一步是要试图弄清楚凤头鹦鹉在做出形状选择中是完全依赖视觉线索还是也使用触觉。 5．But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010，McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.(2019·浙江6月) 但是，在将20世纪20年代和20世纪30年代进行的加利福尼亚森林普查与2001年至2010年之间的另一项调查进行比较时，麦金太尔和他的同事们证实了大树普遍死亡的情况，即使在受保护的未被砍伐或开发的荒地上，这种情况也很明显。
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇 Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍 1．digest (1)I only read this digestof the novel，so I don’t know the details. C (2)I haven’t entirely digested what he said just now. B (3)I prefer this kind of food，because it digests well. A 2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 (1)I will never yieldto the temporary difficulties I am facing now.屈服；让步 (2)Her parents were overcomewith great sadness at the funeral.受到……的极大影响 Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识 1．I think we should devote much more time to adjusting(adjust) to the new environment. 2．I found his speech convincing(convince) and he would call on more people to take regular exercise. 3．My assessments were based on the assumption(assume) that house prices would remain steady. 4．I have no alternative butto ask(ask) him for an appropriateway to solve the problem. 5．The educators in this school took turns to deliver(deliver) a speech in the rural schools. 6．It is essential that he(should) get(get) some reliableinformation before making inferences. 7．A shortage(short) of experience caused us to assess what had happened in an incorrect way. 8．Assuming(assume) that I settled the conflict，I would employ an entirely new way. 9．To turn their dreams into a reality(real)，thetwins work very hard. 10．What made me thrilled was that I could distinguish between this kind of flower and another one.
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练 话题写作之爱心义卖活动 1．鉴于高三学生即将毕业，昨天学生会组织了爱心义卖活动(charity sale)，以较低的价格出售各种旧书和二手物品。(given that...) Given that Senior Three students are to graduate，a charity sale was organized by the Student Union yesterday to sell various used books and second-hand goods at a lower price. 2．这次爱心义卖活动由开幕式、卖东西和闭幕式组成。(be comprised of) The charity sale was comprised of the opening ceremony，the selling of objects and the closing ceremony. 3．事实上原先的高三学生在毕业前把许多时间投入到卖二手书上。(devote) Actually former Senior Three students devoted much time to selling second-hand books before graduation. 4．高三学生深信低年级学生可以买到他们所渴望的图书。(convince) Senior Three students were greatly convinced that junior students could buy the books they had a desire for. 5．总而言之，所有师生都认为这个活动是有意义的。(assume) All in all，all the teachers and students assume the activity (to be) meaningful. Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
1．情感描写 convince vt.使相信；使确信；说服→convincingadj.有说服力的；使人信服的→convinced adj.确信的；坚信的 intense adj.热切的；十分强烈的；激烈的 deep down在内心深处；本质上；实际上 2．动作描写 tackle vt.解决(难题)；应付(局面)；处理 boost vt.使增长；使兴旺 n．增长；提高；激励 yield n．产量；产出 vt.出产(作物)；产生(收益、效益等) vi.屈服；让步 overcome vt.(overcame，overcome)克服；解决；战胜 alleviate vt.减轻；缓解 devote vt.把……献(给)；把……专用于；专心于
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。 看见我朋友悲痛欲绝，我内心深处是如此焦虑，以致于感觉就像热锅上的蚂蚁。我必须竭尽全力振奋他的精神，并说服他不要向暂时的失败屈服。我向他提供了一些有效的措施，以缓解他的悲伤并解决他的问题。最终，他相信只有致力于学习他才能通过考试。当我看到他走出阴霾，我的心感觉像喝了蜂蜜一样甜。 Seeing my friendovercome with intense grief，I was so anxious deep down that I felt like an ant on a hot pan.I must do whatever I could toboost his spirits and convince him not to yieldto the temporary failure.I offered him some effective measures to alleviatehis sadness and tackle his problems.Finally，he was convinced that only if he devoted himself to/was devoted to his study could he pass the exam.When I saw him come out of the haze，my heart was as sweet as honey. |
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