外研版高一必修一U2trouble n.困难①have trouble(in) doing sth.做某事有困难/麻烦②in troubl
e在危险、受罚、忧虑的处境中③out of trouble摆脱麻烦;脱离困境④get into trouble陷入困境;遇到麻烦⑤
get sb.into/out of trouble使某人陷入/摆脱困境⑥take the trouble to do sth.不
辞辛劳做某事;费神做某事⑦have trouble with sth.做某事有困难/麻烦（1）Don’t laugh at peo
ple who are ______.A．in troublesB．in a troubleC．in troubleD．in ma
ny troubles（2）—How is your study in high school?—Not bad. But I l
earning English.am good at B．have no troubleC．am interested inD．h
ave a little trouble2.behaviorn.行为；举止；习性behave vt.& vi.举动;(举止或行为)
表现①behave well/badly to/towards sb.对待某人好/差②behave oneself守规矩;表现得体
③well-behaved adj.表现好的④badly-behaved adj.表现差的（1）—Recent pressure
at work may ______ his behavior.A．account for B．make for C．ch
ange forD．stand for （2）Usually a child''s behavior is a ________ o
f his family environment. A．recognition B．reflectionC．retur
n D．record（3）His ____________ (behave) towards her was b
ecoming more and more aggressive.3.unique adj.独一无二的;独特的 uniquenes
s n.独特性①be unique to （某人，地或事物）独具的reflect vt.& vi.显示，反映；映射，反射；仔细思
考reflection n.映像；反映；思考；反映①reflect on/upon sth.仔细思考某事②reflect sb./
sth.in sth.(镜子等)映出某人/某物(1)After _______ on what you said , he tol
d me one is the moon ______ in the water and the other but a flow
er in the mirror . A．reflecting ,reflecting B．reflected , reflect
edC．reflecting , reflected D．reflected , reflecting5.creativity n
.创造性；创造力create v.创造；创作；创立creation n.创造；创造物；创作，产物creative adj.创造性的
，有创造力的；有创意的creator n.创作人；创作者；创始人(1)It was with faithfulness that
we (create) a harmonious atmosphere.(2)She’s very (create)—she
writes poetry and paints.(3)Language is the most important menta
l (create) of man.(4)Jobs was without doubt one of the (create)
of the Apple Inc.6.burn v.燃烧①burn down烧毁，烧掉(多指建筑物被烧塌)②burn to the
ground烧毁；夷为平地③burn out烧坏；熄灭，燃尽，耗尽体力，累垮④burn up(被)烧毁；烧尽；火烧旺，火势加大；
消耗(能量)(1)He got_______ when he tried to save the child from the _
_______ house.A．to burn; burningB．a burn; burntC．burning; burnedD
．burned; burning7.wind的相关短语：①wind up摇动(把手等)；使(活动、会议等)结束；关闭(公司)；以…
…告终②wind down 发条等转松；钟表等慢下来；把工作等逐渐减少wind back 把胶卷等卷回wind off 把卷成物等
解开wind one’s way蜿蜒前进(1)They drove along with all the car windows
. A． wound up B． winding onC． winded up
D, wind upcome的短语：come across偶然遇到 come about 发生,引起come out出版
;出来 come to来到;合计,总共是;苏醒过来come to an end结束 come up with赶上;提出come i
nto being形成;产生（1）Many a quarrel ________ through a misunderstandi
ng.A．has come acrossB．has come aboutC．have come outD．have come up
9.contact vt.联系;联络have contact with与……有联系stay/keep in contact wit
h与……保持联系in contact with与……有联系lose contact with与……失去联系（1）As a stud
ent we should _______ current affairs?A．keep in contact with B．lo
se contact withC．bring in contact withD．stop the contact with（2）H
e ______ his friend the moment he got the good news. A .contacted
with B. contacted C .kept in contact with D. noticed1
0.calm v(使)平静下来;(使)镇定下来calmly adv.镇静地;平静地calmness n.镇静，平静calm(sb
.) down (使某人) 平静下来;镇静下来remain/keep/stay calm 保持镇静11.refer to查阅;参考
;谈到;提及 reference n.言及;提及;参考;refer to...as...把……称作……refer...to..
.把……提交给…… reference book参考书12.remind v.提醒;使想起remind sb.of sth
.提醒某人某事remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事remind(sb.) that/how/what...提醒(
某人)……(1)A reminder is something which reminds somebody______someb
ody or something else.A．fromB．forC．withD．of13.comment n.评论comment
on/upon sth.对……发表评论comment that...评论……make comments on/about...对
……加以评论no comment无可奉告(1)—Will you resign, Minister?-- ！A． No way
B． No doubtC．No wonder D． No comment14.exchange n.(学生、教师的
)互访;交换in exchange (for...)作为交换(……)exchange student交换生exchange vt.
交换exchange...for...用……交换……exchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物(1)Mary is
giving me English lessons__________my teaching her Chinese.A．exch
ange forB．exchangeC．in exchange forD．to exchange for15.intend v.计
划,打算intend doing/to do sth.打算做某事intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事be in
tended to do sth./for sth./sb.专门为……;专门给……with an/the intention of
抱有……的目的;打算……16.recognise v.认识,辨认出recognise sb./one’s voice认出某人/听
出某人的声音be recognised to be/as...被认为是……It is recognised that...人们公认
……recognition n.认出;认识beyond(all) recognition认不出来17.aware adj.意识到的
,明白的be aware that...意识到/体会到……awareness n.意识;认识develop an awarenes
s of 逐渐懂得;培养……的意识base vt.以……为根据 n.基部；基地；基础 basis n.基础，根据basic ad
j.基本的；基础的base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上be based on/upon...以……为基础on
the basis of根据；在……的基础上19.confusing adj.令人困惑的，难以理解的，不清楚的①confuse
vt.使迷惑，使糊涂；混淆confuse A with/and B 把A和B混淆②confused adj.困惑的，糊涂的be c
onfused about...对……感到困惑③confusion n.困惑；困窘；混乱局面in confusion困惑地；困窘地
20.alarm n.[U]惊恐，惊慌；[C]警报器，警报；闹钟vt.使担心，使害怕，使惊恐①in alarm惊慌地(常作方式状语
)raise/sound the alarm 发出警报②alarming adj.使人惊恐的，令人惊慌的③alarmed adj.
担心，害怕be/feel alarmed by/at sth.因某事而担心/害怕21.get sb.doing 使某人一直做或者处
于某状态Exercise1. The_______(标题)of a passage gives readers very impo
rtant information about the main idea of it.2. It is time for peo
ple with_______(相对立的) ideas to unite and work towards a common go
al.3. Do you get up immediately as soon as your_______(闹钟) clock
goes off in the early morning?4. Each of us is_______(独一无二的,独特的)a
nd there is no one else in the world who is the same with you.5.
If you have any questions about it, you can_______(联系) me either
by e-mail or by WeChat.6. Can you guess the meaning of the word f
rom the_______(上下文,语境)?7. She was faced with a new job, in_______
(不熟悉的) surroundings with strange people.8. You don''t need to wear
a suit; it''s an_______(非正式的) meeting.9. Hurry up, Jane. All the
guests are waiting for us_______(在楼下).10. If the problem is not p
roperly handled, it may have_______(消极的)effects on them.参考答案：1. t
itle 2. opposing 3. alarm 4. unique 5. contact 6. co
ntext 7. unfamiliar 8. informal 9. downstairs 10. negative二． 语
段填词。1. The leader of the_______ is a highly _______ person and we
all like the activities that he _______ every week. All of us th
ink him a excellent_______( organise ).2. They_______ me by askin
g so many questions. I was totally_______, standing there in_____
__ ,not knowing what to do. ( confuse )3. The child_______ so wel
l in class that the teacher praised his good _______ in front of
his classmates. ( behave )4. You should know that hard work can__
_____ wealth because you are the_______ of your own life, but the
_______ of people also needs a _______ mind. ( create )5. Some p
eople are_______ of the importance of preserving wild animals. Bu
t we still try to raise the _______ of the whole society. ( aware
)6. He had changed so much that I didn''t_______ him at first. As
a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond_______ ( re
cognise)7._______ ,his income only meets expenses. So he only cho
oses a simple lifestyle_______ on his limited salary. ( base )参考答
案：1. organisation; organised; organises; organiser2. confused; co
nfusing ; confused ; confusion3. behaved; behavior4. create; crea
tor; creativity; creative5. unaware; awareness6. recognise; recog
nition7. Basically; basic; basedUnit2 Exploring English 语法：构词法英语的
构词法主要有三种：合成法、转化法和派生法。合成法合成词是由两个或更多的词合成的词。最常见的合成词为合成名词、合成形容词，还有合成副
词、合成动词、合成代词等。合成词一般直接连写在一起，也有的合成词之间用连字符“-”，还有的由分开的两个词构成。1．合成名词构词方式
例词名词＋名词headmaster 校长名词＋动名词ship-building 造船(业)speed-reading 快速阅
读名词＋动词＋er(or)painkiller 止痛药形容词＋名词highway 公路动词＋副词get-together 聚
会，联欢会副词＋动词output 产量upkeep 保养，维修介词(副词)＋名词upland 高地，山地upshot 结局
分词＋副词grown-up 成年人名词＋介词looker-on 旁观者passer-by 路人动词＋介词go-between
中间人，媒人名词＋介词＋名词son-in-law 女婿sister-in-law 嫂子，姑子2.合成形容词构词方式例词形容
词＋名词＋edwarm-hearted 热心肠的cold-blooded 冷血的middle-aged 中年的bare-fo
oted 赤脚的形容词＋现在分词good-looking 好看的easy-going 容易相处的形容词＋过去分词new-bo
rn 新生的ready-made 现成的副词＋现在分词hard-working 勤劳的名词＋现在分词English-spea
king 说英语的peace-loving 爱好和平的副词＋过去分词newly-built 新建的well-known 闻名
的名词＋过去分词man-made 人造的heart-felt 由衷的数词＋名词＋形容词twelve-year-old 十二岁
的five-meter-long 五米长的3.合成副词构词方式例词介词＋名词underfoot 在脚下beforehand
事先副词＋名词upstairs 在楼上downstairs 在楼下副词＋副词however 无论如何，然而，可是代词＋副词a
nywhere 任何地方somehow 不知怎么地形容词＋副词nowhere 没有地方代词＋名词someday (今后)有
一天someway 以某种方式副词＋介词nearby 附近4.合成动词构词方式例词副词＋动词overthrow 推翻ov
ercome 克服名词＋动词typewrite 打字sleepwalk 梦游形容词＋动词broadcast 广播white
wash 粉刷，粉饰5.合成代词构词方式例词代词宾格＋-selfitself 它自身物主代词＋-selfmyself 我自己
形容词＋名词anything 任何东西something 某物，某事6.合成介词构词方式例词副词＋名词inside 在……里
面介词＋副词within 在……之内without 没有副词＋介词into 进入注意(1)由“可数名词＋介词(短语)”构成的
复合名词变复数时，把前面的名词变复数。sister-in-law→sisters-in-lawpasser-by→passer
s-bylooker-on→lookers-on(2)由man和woman构成的合成名词变复数时，两个名词都要变成复数。a w
oman teacher→women teachersa man doctor→men doctors(3)由“名词＋名词”构成
的复合名词，在变复数时，只变化中心名词，而修饰名词不变。a girlfriend→girlfriends转化法转化即一个单词由一
种词性转变为另一种或几种词性。转化词例词动词→名词walk v．行走→walk n．散步swim v．游泳→swim n．游泳名词
→动词表示物体的book n．书→book v．预订ship n．船→ship v．用船运输表示人体部位的hand n．手→han
d v．递交head n．头→head v．朝……方向名词→动词表示一类人的nurse n．护士→nurse v．护理fool n
．傻子→fool v．愚弄表示自然现象的rain n．雨→rain v．下雨snow n．雪→snow v．下雪形容词→动词dry
adj.干的→dry v．使变干clean adj.干净的→clean v．把……擦干净副词→动词out adv.出来→out
v．揭露形容词→名词white adj.白色的→white n．白人native adj.本地的→native n．本地人特殊转化
must v．必须→must n．必须做的事派生法派生即在词根之前加前缀或在词根之后加后缀构成一个与原来单词意思相近或截然相反的单
词。除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意思，不改变词性；后缀一般改变单词的词性，并不引起词义的变化。分类总结例词前缀表示否定意义的前
缀表示否定意义的前缀常用的有dis-， il-， im-， in-，ir-， mis-， non-， un-等，在单词的前面加这类
前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。appear出现→disappear消失correct正确的→incorrect不正确的legal
合法的→illegal非法的 lead带领→mislead误导stop停下→non-stop不停的possible可能的→impo
ssible不可能的regular规则的→irregular不规则的smoker吸烟的人→non-smoker不吸烟的人usual
寻常的→unusual不寻常的其他意义的前缀表示其他意义的前缀常用的有：a-表状态；for-，fore-先，前，预；inter-间
，相互；micro-微；mid-中；mini-微型的；re-重，再，复；super-上，超；tele-远距离的sleep睡觉→as
leep睡着的see看见→foresee预见 national国家的→international 国际的film影片→microf
ilm 微型胶片 night夜晚→midnight午夜bus公交车→minibus小型公共汽车write写→rewrite重写ma
rket市场→supermarket超市scope眼界→telescope 望远镜续 表分类总结例词前缀改变词性的前缀改变词性的前
缀有：en-，de-，be-，a-，out等。en-前缀通常加在形容词或名词前构成动词；de-前缀通常加在名词之前构成动词，其意义
大多和原名词相反；be-前缀通常加在名词或形容词前构成动词；a-前缀通常加在名词或描述性动词之前，构成形容词或副词；out-前缀通
常加在名词之前构成形容词，加在动词之前构成名词。large大的→enlarge扩大courage勇气→encourage鼓励val
ue价值→devalue降低……的价值friend朋友→befriend与……交朋友little小的→belittle轻视boar
d甲板→aboard在船上side旁边→aside在旁边door门→outdoor户外的break打破→outbreak爆发后缀构
成名词的后缀构成名词的后缀常用的有-ence，-ese(表某地人或语言)，-er/-or/-ist(表人)，-ess(雌性)，-i
an(精通……的人)，-ist(专业人员)，-ment，-ness(性质；状态)，-tion(动作；过程)等absent缺席的→a
bsence缺勤China中国→Chinese中国人，汉语clean清扫→cleaner清洁工visit拜访→visitor来访者art艺术→artist艺术家agree同意→agreement同意kind善良的→kindness善良invent发明→invention发明构成形容词的后缀构成形容词的后缀常用的有-al，-able(有能力的)，-(a)n(某国的)，-en(多用于表示材料的名词后)，-ern(方向的)，-ese(某国人的)，-ful，-(ic)al，-ish，-ive，-less (表示否定)，-like(像……的)，-ly，-ous，-some，-y(表示天气)等。nature自然→natural自然的reason道理→reasonable有道理的America美国→American美国的gold金子→golden金的east东→eastern东方的China中国→Chinese中国人的child孩子→childish孩子气的snow雪→snowy下雪的后缀构成副词的后缀构成副词的后缀常用的有-ly (主要用于形容词之后表示方式或程度)，-ward(s) (主要用于表示方位的词之后表示方向)angry生气的→angrily生气地to到→towards朝……，向……east东方→eastward向东构成动词的后缀构成动词的后缀常用的有-(e)n(多用于形容词之后)，-fy(使……化)，-ize(使……成为)wide宽的→widen加宽beauty美人，美好→beautify美化pure纯的→purify提纯real真的→realize意识到organ器官→organize组织 、试卷第1页，总3页试卷第1页，总3页试卷第1页，总3页 |
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