|
前言导读 倒装分为完全倒装和部分倒装。完全倒装句中主语、谓语的位置完全相反。所以，全部倒装中：全部谓语在主语之前。并且，在全部倒装中，主语应是名词，而非代词（ he, she, it 之类)。如果主语变成代词，句子应用回正常的主谓语序。 部分倒装，应是部分谓语（如助动词、情态动词等）放在主语之前。从形式上体现的话，部分倒装的结构是：… be动词/ 助动词/ 情态动词 + 主语 + 动词… 完全倒装 1.There+be或其它不及物动词come，go，happen，occur，stand，exist，remian, appear, lie等结构中，为避免句子头重脚轻，平衡倒装。 There is a pervading sense of menace.
There stands an old house that is being pulled down.
There existed a hostile relationship between the two families
2. 以here ,now,then,thus 等副词位于句首的倒装句，谓语动词通常是be动词或come, go, exist, follow ，run等不及物动词。 Then came the chairman. Thus ended the lesson. Now, here comes the part where you wait for these thoughts to translate into reality.
3.表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，以out, in, up, down, off, away等副词开头，谓语动词是表示“移动”的go, come, leave等句子中。Off got the staggering gentlemen.Near the city was a volcano.This is the personal transaction that's at the heart of good non-fiction writing. Out of it come two of the most important qualities that this book will go in search of: humanity and warmth.4.有时主语较长，为了使句子平衡，避免头重脚轻，主谓要全部倒装。这种情况多出现在主系表结构中。Less important than ever is developing a meaningful philosophy of life.Implicit within Tylor’s definition is the concept that culture is learned, shared, and patterned behavior.Present at the meeting were the school headmaster, the English teacher, and the students’ parents. In between these two extremes are those people who agree with the jury system as a whole, but feel that some changes need to be implemented to improve its effectiveness.
部分倒装 部分倒装，应是部分谓语（如助动词、情态动词等）放在主语之前。从形式上体现的话，部分倒装的结构是：… be动词/ 助动词/ 情态动词 + 主语 + 动词… 如no, not, no longer, no sooner, nowhere, never, seldom, little, hardly, scarcely, rarely, at no time, by no means, on no account, in no case, under no circumstances, in no way, not until, not only, … No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off.Not only does she speak Spanish, she's also good with computers.Not until they pointed out my fault to me did I realize it .2. 由as / though引导的让步从句中，可将形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前。3)如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。Child as he is, he is afraid of nothing.（child前无冠词）Fail as I did, I learned a lot. (倒装后，实义动词提前，在主语后添加助动词)Intelligent as/though you are, you should be modest.Much as I would like to stay, I really must go home.3.Only+状语置于句首时的倒装。如only then, only at that time, only once, only in this way, only with, only through, only by, only when, only after, only because.Only by working hard can we succeed in doing anything.Only when each logical step has been checked by other mathematicians will the proof be accepted.4.so… that引导的结果状语从句中，部分倒装。若将so+adj/adv 置于句首，则其后的主句要用部分倒装。2）隐藏的助动词do / does / did提到主语前面
So much did they eat that they could not move for the next hour.So difficult was the exam that most of the students failed to pass it.So badly did he play the tune that nobody recognised it.5.当虚拟条件句的谓语部分含有were、should、had时，我们可以将连词if省略掉，而将were、should、had置于句首。如果条件从句为否定式，注意要将not置于主语之后，而不置于主语之前。Had he come yesterday，he would have known it.Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time.Should I have 2000,000 yuan,I would buy a good car.6.一些表示频率的副词（如many a time, often等）位于句首时。Many a time has he helped me with my experiment.Twice a week does he go to visit his grandparents.
7. as, than引导的比较从句中，如果主语是名词短语且较长，经常采用倒装结构（不倒装也可以）。注意：这种结构主语一般为名词，如果是代词则不倒装。 Hydrogen burns much more cleanly than do other fuels and is easy to produce.Today’s electuic cars cannot go as fast as gasoline-driven vehicles because the battery does not offer the same amount of energy as does gasoline combustion. Nowadays, with the rapid development of science and technology, man is less limited by nature than were his forefathers.
|
