福建省2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________一
、阅读理解My 18-month-old son, Adam, called from the front door. “Look
, Mama! Doggie!” I dropped what I was doing and stuck my head out
of the door. Brandy, our next-door neighbour’s 11-year-old dog,
was over again. “Go away!” I shouted.Brandy’s owner had died abou
t a month earlier. The woman’s family had emptied the house and s
tuck a “For Sale” sign in the front yard, but the family had left
old Brandy behind. For weeks, she’d been wandering around the ne
ighbourhood.It wasn’t that I disliked dogs or anything like that.
I just didn’t think about them very much. I never had a dog grow
ing up and had never thought to get one.Brandy went away and I st
ayed outside with Adam. Then the phone rang. I went inside to tak
e the call. When I came back, Adam was gone. I searched the yard,
front and back, then the basketball court and public pool. No tr
ace of him. I was so nervous that I ran home and called the polic
e, then my husband.Police searched the neighbourhood. Suddenly I
heard another sound: a dog barking. “It’s coming from the woods,”
one of my neighbours said. We followed the barking to a wooded c
liff(悬崖).There we found my son, and he was just inches away from
the edges of the cliff, fast asleep. Brandy was beside him, leani
ng(斜靠着)against him to keep him away from the edge(边缘). When I pic
ked Adam up, Brandy sank down on her side, breathing quickly. She
must have been holding Adam there for hours!I thanked the police
and brought Adam and Brandy back to our house. She hesitated a m
oment on our doorstep, no doubt remembering the time I’d driven h
er away.“Come on, girl,” I said. “This is your home now.” Brandy
stepped in and once she saw she was really welcome, she relaxed a
nd lay down on the floor just inside the door. She’d done a great
thing, and I wondered if she knew it. She’d certainly touched me
in a way that no animal ever had. What a pity a dog like Brandy
had been left behind!1．What is the correct order for the events i
n the story about Brandy?a. She was left behind by her owner’s fa
mily.b. She stepped into the woman’s house.c. She appeared at the
woman’s front doord. She stayed beside the woman’s son for hours
A．d, c, b, aB．a, c, b, dC．c, d, b, aD．a, c, d, b2．What did the au
thor do when she first saw Brandy?A．She gave her some food.B．She
took her home.C．She drove her away.D．She said thanks to her.3．How
were they able to be aware that the author’s son was near the cl
iff?A．By searching the neighbourhood.B．By hearing a dog barking.C
．By following a dog’s footsteps.D．By hearing her son’s crying.4．W
hat’s the author’s attitude towards Brandy at the end of the stor
y?A．Gratitude(thankfulness)B．Dislike.C．Pity.D．ColdnessA Universit
y College London study looked at car use to conclude that cities
have to become car-free to survive. Simply put, if we don''t reduc
e the number of cars in our cities then they will just completely
clog up and stop moving. The study notes the number of cars is a
ctually increasing faster than that of people. In 2019, 80 millio
n cars were built while the population increased by 78 million. A
nd the mass production of those cars was responsible for 4% of gl
obal carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (排放) ,which is bigger than av
iation (航空) and that''s before you even fuel them up. The study au
thors construct a mathematical model, and residents choose drivin
g their car or taking public transport on the basis of the time i
t takes to do the trip. “All individuals decide their commuting (
通勤) mode trying to reduce their costs, but the result is the over
all worst-case situation, where the average commuting time is lon
ger and all people decide to use their car.” write the authors of
the study. Besides, policymakers tend to construct even more car
infrastructure (基础设施) and invest even more in private cars, whic
h then encourages more private vehicle use and results in even mo
re traffic jams. Possible solutions have to be actively encourage
d, with more travel options, plus local shops and services. Also,
increasing the costs could be achieved by reducing the space dev
oted to cars, with more public transport lanes, wider sidewalks,
and pedestrian roads, for example. Dr. Humberto, one author of th
e study said: “If our goal is to have more liveable and developed
cities then we must take part of this land and give it to other
modes of transportation: walking, cycling and public transport.5．
Which of the following can replace the underlined words “clog up”
?A．Turn down.B．Break down.C．Make troubles.D．Get stuck.6．What can
we infer from the numbers in Paragraph 2?A．The number of cars is
larger than population.B．Car production creates more CO2 than avi
ation.C．CO2 emission is largely affected by car production.D．Glob
al CO2 emission is more serious than expected.7．What result do st
udy authors get from their model?A．It is hard for people to keep
a balance.B．It takes more time to drive cars to work.C．More cars
can be used to save time.D．Driving cars can keep the cost down.8．
What can be a possible way to reduce car use?A．Building parking l
ots.B．Saving land for cars.C．Producing less cars.D．Riding a bus t
o work.Screenshots of conversations with OpenAI’s latest bot(网上机器
人), ChatGPT, has gone viral on social media recently.ChatGPT is a
n AI chatbot system released in November to show off and test wha
t a very large, powerful AI system can accomplish. The tool lets
you type questions using natural language that the chatbot answer
s in conversational，if somewhat stilted(生硬的)language. The bot wil
l remember the thread of your dialogue, using previous questions
and answers to inform its next responses, which are derived from
huge amount of information on the Internet.ChatGPT’s expertise is
broad, and you can ask it countless questions, like explaining p
hysics, asking for birthday party ideas and getting programming h
elp, and often will get an answer that’s useful. When I asked it
for words that rhymed with “purple,” it offered a few suggestions
. When I followed up “How about with pink?”, it didn’t miss a bea
t. It’s a big deal. The tool seems pretty knowledgeable: it can b
e creative, and its answers can sound authoritative. A few days a
fter its launch, more than a million people are trying out ChatGP
T.But its creator warns that ChatGPT “may occasionally generate i
ncorrect or misleading information,” so be careful. I once asked
it to write a poem, and it did, though I don’t think any literatu
re experts would be impressed. I then asked it to make it more ex
citing, and ChatGPT pumped it up with words like battlefield(战场),
adrenaline(肾上腺素), thunder and adventure.Here’s the catch: ChatGP
T doesn’t exactly know anything. It’s an AI that’s trained to rec
ognize patterns in vast text harvested from the Internet, and the
n further trained with human assistance to deliver more useful, b
etter dialogue. Chatbots have been of interest for years to compa
nies looking for ways to help customers get what they need and to
AI researchers trying to tackle the Turing Test. Perhaps AI will
play an integral role in solving today’s labor issues, and what
was once a future vision is more present than ever before. Perhap
s ChatGPT really is capable of disrupting the world’s largest sea
rch engine. But until it can drill down(钻研)the human aspects of h
ow we communicate and interact, and we better understand the risk
s and dangerous implications that a perfect computer can present,
my attitude towards it remains9．What is NOT true about ChatGPT?A
．People have shown great interest in trying the bot out.B．It can
understand questions raised in natural human language.C．It will u
pgrade and replace the search engine we’re using.D．It’s an advanc
ed tech product released by OpenAl.10．What does the underlined se
ntence in paragraph 4 tell us about ChatGPT?A．It can derive answe
r from vast information on the Internet.B．It can respond quick to
the question raised in dialogue.C．It may not be reliable when it
comes to computer programming.D．It may fail you if you expect it
to be a creative writer.11．What might be the missing word in the
last sentence?A．favourableB．intolerantC．indifferentD．doubtful12．
What would be the best title for the passage?A．ChatGPT:How to Use
this Viral OpenAI ChatbotB．ChatGPT:A Cool and Alarming Tech now
TrendingC．ChatGPT: Finally, an AI Chatbot Worth Talking toD．ChatG
PT: Test the Future of Conversation Now二、七选五Today we take a look
at the word “smart”. If someone says you are smart, what do they
mean? Is it a good thing or something bad? 13 This is because th
e word “smart” has many meanings.For example, someone could say y
ou look smart or are dressed smartly. That means they like your p
hysical appearance or what you are wearing.But if something smart
s, it can be unkind or hurtful, either physically or mentally. If
you accidentally trip over a chair and fall down, you might shou
t, “Ow! That smarts!” Or if a friend says something that hurts yo
ur feelings, you can say you are smarting from the hurtful commen
ts. 14If you are standing too close to a campfire, you could say
your eyes are smarting from the smoke of the fire. Here the word
“smarting” means feeling a sharp pain. 15 If someone is smart as
a whip, they are able to think very quickly. 16 Some people are
considered streetsmart. They may not have a strong education. But
they are good at dealing with people and problems in the real wo
rld. Other people might be booksmart. This means they have spent
many years in school. But they may not be so smart when dealing w
ith people or real world problems.And then there is a definition
of smart that means to talk or behave disrespectfully. If you say
something disrespectful to your parents, they might say, “Don’t
get smart with me!” Here, “smart” means showing a lack of respect
by saying something unkind. This definition of smart can also be
used as a verb. 17A．Do they really mean you are smart?B．The ans
wer is not as easy as you might think.C．People have different att
itudes towards being smart.D．In fact, maybe that person is no lon
ger your friend.E．But the most common meaning of “smart” is to be
intelligent.F．However, different people have different ways of b
eing smart.G．If you smart off to the wrong people, they could hit
you in the face.三、完形填空For his entire life, Sergio Peralta dreame
d about playing catch. When he was born, his right hand didn’t fu
lly 18. Ever since he was a child, his classmates have asked abo
ut his hand, and some have even 19 him. Computer science teacher
Jeff Wilkins noticed Peralta was the only student who 20 his mo
use to the left side of his keyboard. He then saw Peralta didn’t
have a right hand.When Wilkins 21 Peralta and his mother about a
prosthetic hand (假手), they expressed interest but knew building
one could be 22 for a high school class. In early November, Wilk
ins 23 assigned three of his students to the project. “I didn’t
want to get his 24 up. I’d rather under-promise and over-deliver
than over-promise and under-deliver on something like this,” Wil
kins said. The group did so while keeping their 25 a secret. The
y measured classmates’ hands to calculate Peralta’s 26 fit.After
working for about a week, the students used the school’s 3D prin
ter to 27 a model. Students said they 28 Peralta wouldn’t like
or use the hand, but as soon as he 29 the model, he could bend h
is fingers. Then Wilkins threw him a yellow rubber ball again and
again. Students yelled in 30 when he finally caught the ball. P
eralta said he only 31 the prosthetic hand when he sleeps. “This
just showed me a different way to 32 the community,” said Jaram
illo, a senior who involved in the class project.18．A．raiseB．deve
lopC．changeD．connect19．A．convincedB．defeatedC．teasedD．admired20．A
．cycledB．reservedC．movedD．kicked21．A．approachedB．promisedC．observ
edD．advertised22．A．rewardingB．inspiringC．approvingD．challenging23
．A．randomlyB．deliberatelyC．temporarilyD．secretly24．A．fearsB．hopes
C．demandsD．doubts25．A．attentionB．memoriesC．progressD．conflicts26．
A．typicalB．idealC．normalD．familiar27．A．createB．selectC．deliverD．s
ave28．A．rememberedB．worriedC．arguedD．regretted29．A．turned upB．sea
rched forC．put onD．threw away30．A．satisfactionB．excitementC．hesit
ationD．anxiety31．A．removesB．returnsC．researchesD．replaces32．A．fit
B．moveC．viewD．help四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。P
eru is a country on the central western coast of South American f
acing the Pacific Ocean, 33consists of three parts: narrow, dry,
flat land running along the coast, the Andes Mountain, and the A
mazon rainforest. Spanish is the main 34 (office) language of Pe
ru. It is because Peru 35 (rule) by Spain from the 16th century
to 1821. But before that, Peru was the centre of the ancient Inca
Empire, and 36 (it) emperor lived in what is now known as the si
te Machu Picchu. Peru is an amazing destination with something fo
r tourists. Here 37 (be) two magical tours: Amazon Rainforest Tou
r and Machu Picchu Tour.五、根据汉语意思填写单词38．Usually, a child''s behavio
ur can ________（反映）his family environment. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）39．She nev
er ________(抱怨),but she is obviously exhausted. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)40．Th
en one day I had to go through a two-hour medical ________(治疗). (
根据汉语提示单词拼写)41．We heard the sound of an ________ (靠近) car. (根据汉语提示
单词拼写)42．Energy is always a ________(全球性的) issue and countries nee
d to work together. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）六、完成句子43．但是，说实话，整晚的烟花燃放声真的有些令人烦躁。
But, to be frank, the fireworks ________ throughout the night wer
e really annoying.44．When the train arrived at the station, they
took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water literally_______
_____________ with its exceptional beauty.火车抵达后,她们乘坐出租车来到路易斯湖，那里湛
蓝的湖水异常美丽，令她们惊叹不已。45．他在芝加哥创办的“男孩女孩俱乐部”，从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。The Boys a
nd Girls Club __________ in Chicago __________ young people since
1996.46．我有什么理由坐在那儿什么都不做呢?我们都属于人类大家庭，我们都有责任关心彼此的幸福。How could I __
_____________ and doing nothing? We are all humans and we all hav
e a responsibility to look after one another’s welfare.47．When ni
ght falls, many children would ________ ________ to look scary, a
nd then go to neighbors’ for candies.当夜幕降临的时候，许多孩子装扮成吓人的样子，去邻居家里索
要糖果。48．因其珍贵的羊毛，它们（藏羚羊）正遭受非法猎杀。They ______ ______ _____ , illegall
y, for their valuable fur.49．只有学会和大自然和谐共处，我们才不会成为野生生物和地球的威胁。Only
when we learn to exist ______ ______ ______ nature can we stop be
ing a threat to wildlife and to our planet.50．She feels his neigh
bour is always looking out of his windows，________ (暗中监视）her. （根据
汉语提示完成句子）51．“通过改变自己来改变世界。”这激起了我的动力。“Change the world by changing
yourself.” This ________.52．他被这段音乐打动了，他说：“那种（兴奋）感觉就如同第一次看见色彩一样。”M
oved by this music, he said, “It was like seeing color __________
______”.53．在接下来的三天里，你可以深入雨林欣赏雨林特有的动植物。You can spend three days en
joying the plants and animals ________ the rainforest.54．部队派出了15万
名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。The army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangs
han to dig out those who ________ and to bury the dead.55．从科学角度看，
迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响。From a scientific point of view, ______ ____
__ ______ ______ ______ to study the Arctic in order to understan
d climate change and its effects.56．汤姆在聚精会神地做作业，你最好别去打扰他。Tom is _
________ _________ his homework, so you’d better _________ him __
_______.57．（云南）除了是花的王国以外，还是许多少数民族的居住地。Apart from being the kingdo
m of flowers, it ______ ______ ______ many ethnic minority groups
.七、开放性作文58．第一节应用文写作（满分15分）英语课上，你的老师要求你以My Favorite Corner in the
School为题写一篇短文，具体描述校园里你最喜欢的一角（如位置、景色等）。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 运用感官描述，可以适当
增加细节，以使行文连贯；3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。My Favorite Corner in the School
_________________________________________________________________
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____________________八、读后续写59．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文
。 Alex was very excited because the New Year Eve’s party was comi
ng and as usual it was going to be held in his Uncle Peter’s home
. Suddenly, he saw his grandfather sitting alone looking very unh
appy. Alex went to him and asked, “Grandpa, why are you sitting a
lone? Is there anything wrong with you?” His grandfather replied,
“No, I am fine. I just feel like sitting alone.”“Grandpa, you kn
ow the New Year party is near, so are you preparing for it?” aske
d Alex excitedly. “No dear, I am not. With the passage of time, t
he world has completely changed and I don’t see any point in cele
brating the world I see today,” answered his grandpa disappointed
ly. “I know something is wrong with you and you are not telling m
e. Please tell me what the problem is.” Alex said. “I feel I am a
stranger in the world I am living in. It is not the same as I ha
ve known. Now everyone is busy with their own work. Your father i
s busy with business, your brother is busy on the computer, your
sisters are busy watching dramas and your mum is busy with housew
ork. I don’t know how to pass my days,” said his grandfather sadl
y. “Grandpa, you have me!”said Alex. His grandfather smiled and s
aid, “Yeah, you are here, but what about others? In our days, we
had a fixed (固定的) time each day when the whole family sat togethe
r and talked, shared problems and laughed together.” That night A
lex thought about what his grandfather had said and an idea flash
ed his mind. He decided to have a surprise. New Year party at his
own home and make everyone come together that day. As New Year’s
Eve got nearer, Alex got busy preparing for the party. He kept i
t a secret from his grandfather and asked everyone not to let him
know about it in order to surprise him. 注意： 1.续写词数应为 150 左右；2.请按
如下格式作答。 It was December 31 and everyone was busy with their own w
ork. ____________________________________________________________
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____Alex saw his grandfather looking very happy while talking wit
h the family members. ___________________________________________
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_____________________参考答案1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述
的是作者对流浪狗Brandy从最开始的嫌弃到最后的收留这一小故事。1．细节理解题。根据第二段的“The woman’s famil
y had emptied the house and stuck a “For Sale” sign in the front
yard, but the family had left old Brandy behind.(女人的家人们清空了她的房子并且在
她的院子前树了一块写有“出售”的牌子，但是她的家人把Brandy抛下了)”，第一段的“My 18-month-old son, A
dam, called from the front door．“Look, Mama! Doggie!” I dropped w
hat I was doing and stuck my head out the door．Brandy, our next-d
oor neighbor’s 11-year-old dog, was over again.(我十八个月大的儿子，亚当在前门呼喊
着：“看！妈妈！小狗！”我扔下手中的事情，把头伸出门外——我们旁边的邻居家的十一岁大的狗又一次的来到了我家门口)”，第五段的“Wh
en I picked Adam up, Brandy sank down on her side, breathing quic
kly. She must have been holding Adam there for hours!(当我把Adam抱起来时
，布朗迪一下子摊在了地上，呼吸地非常迅速。她肯定支持Adam了几个小时)”和第七段“Brandy stepped in and o
nce she saw she was really welcome, she relaxed and lay down on t
he floor just inside the door.(Brandy走了进来，她意识到自己是真的受到了欢迎，她立马放松了下来
并且在门口躺了下来)”可知，事件的正确顺序是：Brandy被之前的主人抛下——出现在作者家门口——和作者的儿子待了几个小时——踏进
作者家。故选D。2．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Brandy, our next-door neighbour’s 11-year-
old dog, was over again. “Go away!” I shouted.(隔壁邻居11岁的小狗Brandy又来
了。“走开！”我喊道)”可知，作者第一次看到Brandy时将她赶走了。故选C。3．细节理解题。根据第五段的“Suddenly I
heard another sound: a dog barking. “It’s coming from the woods,”
one of my neighbours said. We followed the barking to a wooded c
liff (悬崖).There we found my son, and he was just inches away from
the edges of the cliff, fast asleep. (突然我听到另一个声音：一只狗在吠叫。“它来自树林，”
我的一个邻居说。我们跟着吠叫来到一个树木繁茂的悬崖。在那里我们找到了我的儿子，他离悬崖边只有几英寸远，正在熟睡)”可知，作者和丈夫
因为狗叫才发现自己的儿子在悬崖边上。故选B。4．推理判断 题。根据最后一段的“She’d done a great thing,
and I wondered if she knew it. She’d certainly touched me in a wa
y that no animal ever had.(她做了一件很棒的事，我想知道她是否知道。她肯定以一种动物从未有过的方式打动了
我)”推知，作者很感激Brandy，因为她的提醒使得作者的儿子不会掉下悬崖。故选A。5．D 6．B 7．B 8．
D【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述人们为了方便更倾向于选择开车出行，这样反而导致城市交通堵塞，出行成本增加。如果一个城市要长期可
持续地发展就要改变目前的交通方式，更多地乘坐公共交通工具或步行、骑自行车出行。5．词义猜测题。根据第一段“if we don’t
reduce the number of cars in our cities then they will just compl
etely clog up and stop moving.（如果不减少车的数量的话城市里的车会越来越多，导致交通完全clog u
p，以致无法行进。）”可知，clog up和车数量多会造成交通拥堵相关。A. Turn down拒绝；B Break down.打
破；C. Make troubles.制造麻烦；D. Get stuck.堵塞。Get stuck与 clog up“堵塞”同义，
故选择D项。6．推理判断题。根据第二段“And the mass production of those cars was res
ponsible for 4% of global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (排放) ,wh
ich is bigger than aviation (航空) and that''s before you even fuel
them up.（那些汽车的大量生产所带来的CO?排放就占了全球总排放的4%，这比航空业带来的排放量还多。那甚至还是在你给他们加油
前。）”可知，汽车制造产生的CO?排放比航空业带来的排放量还要多。故选择B项。7．细节理解题。根据第三段“All individu
als decide their commuting (通勤) mode trying to reduce their costs
, but the result is the overall worst-case situation, where the a
verage commuting time is longer and all people decide to use thei
r car.（所有人选择他们的通勤方式，试图减少他们的出行成本，但是结果是总体上最坏的情况，所有人都决定使用他们的汽车，平均通勤时
间更长）”可知，作者从他们的模型得出：所有人都开车上班，通勤时间会更长，故选择B项。8．细节理解题。根据最后一段“If our g
oal is to have more livable and developed cities, then we must ta
ke part of this land and give it to other modes of transportation
: walking, cycling and public transport.（如果我们的目标是拥有更宜居和发达的城市，那么我们
必须参与这片土地，并把它交给其他交通方式，步行、自行车和公共交通方式）”可知，选择公共交通方式会使城市更好发展。故选择D项。9．C
10．D 11．D 12．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款人工智能聊天机器人系统——ChatGP
T。介绍了它是如何工作的以及它的缺点。9．细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“The bot will remember the t
hread of your dialogue, using previous questions and answers to i
nform its next responses, which are derived from huge amount of i
nformation on the Internet.（机器人会记住你对话的线索，使用之前的问题和答案来告知它的下一个回答，这些回
答来自互联网上的大量信息）”可知，ChatGPT是利用现在互联网上的大量信息，而不是升级并取代我们正在使用的搜索引擎。故选C项。1
0．句意猜测题。根据该段的第一句话“But its creator warns that ChatGPT “may occasio
nally generate incorrect or misleading information,” so be carefu
l.（但它的创建者警告说，ChatGPT‘可能偶尔会产生不正确或误导性的信息’，所以要小心）”和作者提到的为了让它写的诗更刺激，它
使用了‘battlefield, adrenaline, thunder and adventure’这样的词，很明显，这些词没有
什么关联性和创造性。所以，你不能期待ChatGPT成为一个有创造性作家。故选D项。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段的时间状语从句“B
ut until it can drill down(钻研)the human aspects of how we communi
cate and interact, and we better understand the risks and dangero
us implications that a perfect computer can present,…（但是，在它能够深入钻研
我们人类是如何沟通和互动的，以及我们更好地理解完美计算机可能带来的风险和危险影响之前，……）”可知，在作者提到的这些问题解决之前，
作者对ChatGPT肯定是持怀疑的态度。故选D项。12．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一款人工智能聊天机器人系统——ChatGPT。介
绍了它是如何工作的以及它的缺点。所以用B项“ChatGPT:现在流行的一种酷而令人担忧的技术”作为本文的题目，与文章主题相符合。故
选B项。13．B 14．D 15．E 16．F 17．G【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了“smart”这个
词的多种含义。13．根据上文“Is it a good thing or something bad?”（是好事还是坏事呢？）下文
“This is because the word smart has many meanings.”（这是因为聪明这个词有很多意
义）”可知，空处并非回答前文的问题，因此横线处是一个过渡句，承上启下，既没有准确回答前面的问题，又引出下文，即这个问题不好回答。选
项B.“答案并不像你想象的那么简单。”符合题意，故选B。14．根据上文“Or if a friend says something
that hurts your feelings,you can say you are smarting from the h
urtful comments.（或者，如果一个朋友说了一些伤害你感情的话，你可以说你是从有伤害的评论中变聪明的。）”可知，受了伤
害变聪明后，下次可能不会给别人伤害自己的机会，即不与那人继续做朋友。选项D.“事实上，也许那个人不再是你的朋友了。”符合题意，故选
D。15．根据下句“If someone is smart as whip, they are able to think ver
y quickly.（如果有人像鞭子一样聪明，他们能够很快思考）”可知，此段先介绍smart刺痛的含义，然后介绍聪明的含义，等同于
intelligent。前后是转折关系，选项E.“但是“smart”最常见的意思是聪明。”选项E中有转折词。故选E。16．根据下文
“Some people are considered street smart.（有些人被认为是街头智者）”及“Other pe
ople might be book smart.（其他人可能是书呆子。）”可知，此段介绍了不同的人有不同方式的聪明。选项F.“然
而，不同的人有不同的聪明方式。”引出了下文的两种智者的方式，符合题意，故选F。17．根据上文““Don’t get smart w
ith me!”Here,“smart”means to show a lack of respect by saying som
ething unkind.This definition of smart can also be used as a verb
.(“不要跟我耍聪明！”在这里，“聪明”意味着说一些不客气的事实而表现出缺乏尊重。聪明的这个含义也可以用作一个动词。)”可知，sm
art有自作聪明的意思，但自作聪明的结果往往是尴尬的，有可能聪明反被聪明误，给自己带来不快。选项G.“如果你对不恰当的人无礼，他们
可能会打你的脸。”，短语：smart off to sb.“你对某人说出一些粗鄙的言论，显得不敬”，承接上文，讲述了自作聪明带来的
结果，该作动用法的词为词是且符合题意。故选G。18．B 19．C 20．C 21．A 22．D 23
．D 24．B 25．C 26．B 27．A 28．B 29．C 30．B 31．
A 32．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一群学生使用3D打印技术帮助右手残疾的学生Peralta制作了假手，恢复了正常
生活的故事。18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他出生的时候，他的右手还没有完全发育。A. raise举起；B. develop发育；
C. change改变；D. connect连接。根据下文“He then saw Peralta didn’t have a r
ight hand(然后他看到佩拉尔塔没有右手)”可知，Peralta右手残疾，由此推知他出生时右手没有完全发育，故选B项。19．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从他小时候起，他的同学就一直问他的手，有些人甚至取笑他。A. convinced说服；B. defeate
d击败；C. teased取笑；D. admired羡慕。根据上文“Ever since he was a child, his
classmates have asked about his hand”和even可知，Peralta右手残疾，同学一直问他，甚
至取笑他，故选C项。20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：计算机科学老师杰夫·威尔金斯注意到Peralta是唯一一个把鼠标移到键盘左侧的学
生。A. cycled循环；B. reserved预定；C. moved移动；D. kicked踢。根据下文“his mouse
to the left side of his keyboard.”可知，鼠标通常都是在键盘的右侧，而Peralta没有右手，他只
能把鼠标移动到键盘左侧，故选C项。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当威尔金斯就假手一事与Peralta和他的母亲接洽时，他们表示有兴
趣，但担心制作假手对高中班的学生来说可能很有挑战性。A. approached靠近；洽谈；B. promised承诺；C. obs
erved观察；D. advertised宣传。根据下文“Peralta and his mother about a prost
hetic hand(就假手一事与Peralta和他的母亲……)”可知，威尔金斯是找Peralta和他的母亲谈假手一事，故选A项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rewarding值得的；B. inspiring鼓舞人心的；C. approving赞
成的；D. challenging有挑战性的。根据下文“In early November, Wilkins secretly a
ssigned three of his students to the project(11月初，威尔金斯秘密指派他的三名学生参
与该项目)”可知，威尔金斯让他的学生参与制作假手的项目，对于高中生来说，这么一个项目是有挑战性的，故选D项。23．考查副词词义辨析
。句意：11月初，威尔金斯秘密指派他的三名学生参与该项目。A. randomly随机地；B. deliberately故意地；C.
temporarily临时地；D. secretly秘密地。根据下文“The group did so while keepin
g their progress a secret(该小组这样做的同时对他们的进展保密)”可知，这项工作室秘密进行的，故选D项。2
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不想让他抱太大希望。A. fears害怕；B. hopes希望；C. demands要求；D. do
ubts怀疑。根据下文“I’d rather under-promise and over-deliver than over-p
romise and under-deliver on something like this(我宁愿承诺不足、兑现过度，也不愿承
诺过度、兑现不足)”可知，威尔金斯担心承诺不足、兑现过度，不希望Peralta对此抱太大希望，故选B项。25．考查名词词义辨析。句
意：该小组这样做的同时对他们的进展保密。A. attention注意；B. memories记忆；C. progress进展；D.
conflicts冲突。根据下文“They measured classmates’ hands to calculate Pe
ralta’s ideal fit(他们测量了同学的手，计算出Peralta塔的理想配合度)”可知，他们通过测量同学的手的方式计算
出Peralta的合适尺寸，可推理出他们对工作的进展情况保密，故选C项。26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. typical典
型的；B. ideal理想的；C. normal正常的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据上文“They measured cla
ssmates’ hands to calculate”可知他们通过测量同学的手的方式，进行精确计算，目的是为了计算出Peralt
a的合适尺寸，故选B项。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在工作了大约一周后，学生们使用学校的3D打印机制作了一个模型。A. crea
te制作；B. select选择；C. deliver递；送；D. save保存。根据上文“3D printer(3D打印机)”以
及下文“a model(模型)”可推理出学生使用3D打印机制作模型，故选A项。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：学生们说，他们担心Pe
ralta不会喜欢或使用这只手，但当他戴上模型，他可以弯曲手指。A. remembered记得；B. worried担心；C. a
rgued争吵；D. regretted后悔。根据下文“Peralta wouldn’t like or use the hand
(Peralta不会喜欢或使用这只手)”可知，学生们担心Peralta不会喜欢或使用这只手，故选B项。29．考查动词短语辨析。句意
同上。A. turned up出现；B. searched for寻找；C. put on戴上；D. threw away扔掉。根
据下文“he could bend his fingers(他可以弯曲手指)”可推理出他戴上了模型，故选C项。30．考查名词词义辨
析。句意：当他终于接住球时，学生们兴奋地大叫起来。A. satisfaction满意；B. excitement兴奋；C. hes
itation犹豫；D. anxiety焦虑。根据下文“when he finally caught the ball(当他终于接
住球时)”可知，Peralta使用假手接住了球，说明他们成功了，于是兴奋地大叫，故选B项。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Peral
ta说，他只有在睡觉时才会摘下假手。A. removes脱下；摘下；B. returns返回；C. researches研究；D.
replaces替换。根据下文“when he sleeps(当他在睡觉的时候)”可知，睡觉的时候不使用假手，需要摘下来，故选A
项。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这向我展示了一种不同的方式来帮助社区，”参与课堂项目的高年级学生Jaramillo说。A. fi
t安装；B. move移动；C. view看；D. help帮助。根据下文“a senior who involved in th
e class project(参与课堂项目的高年级学生)”可知这名学生参与了项目，因此此处指用不同的方式来帮助社区，故选D项。3
3．which 34．official 35．was ruled 36．its 37．are【分析】这是一
篇说明文。本文介绍了秘鲁的一些基本情况。33．考查定语从句。句意：秘鲁是南美洲中西部海岸的一个国家，面对太平洋，由三部分组成：沿海
岸延伸的狭窄、干燥、平坦的土地、安第斯山脉和亚马逊雨林。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Peru，指
物，关系词在定语从句作作主语，所以空处需用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。34．考查形容词。句意：西班牙语
是秘鲁的主要官方语言。分析句子结构可知，空处需用形容词作定语修饰名词language，office的形容词为official“官方
的”。故填official。35．考查时态和语态。句意：因为秘鲁从16世纪到1821年一直被西班牙统治。由时间状语“from th
e 16th century to 1821.”可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，再结合空后“by?Spain ”可知，此处表示被
动关系，所以此处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done，主语是单数 Peru，所以此处be动词需用was。故
填was?ruled。36．考查代词。句意：但在此之前，秘鲁是古印加帝国的中心，印加帝国的皇帝就住在现在的马丘比丘遗址。空处需用形
容词性物主代词修饰名词 emperor ，it的形容词性物主代词为its。故填its。37．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这里有两个魔
幻之旅:亚马逊雨林之旅和马丘比丘之旅。本句陈述事实，谓语动词需用一般现在时态，本句是倒装句，主语是复数two?magical?to
urs，所以此处be动词需用are。故填are。38．reflect【详解】考查动词。句意：通常，一个孩子的行为可以反映他的家庭环
境。根据汉语提示“反映”可知，此处应用动词reflect作谓语动词，在情态动词can后应用动词原形。故填reflect。39．co
mplains【详解】考查动词。句意：她从来没有抱怨，但她显然是筋疲力尽了。根据汉语提示“抱怨”，以及上文she never可知此
处应填动词作谓语，且一般现在时态主语为单数需要动词后面加s。故填complains。40．treatment【详解】考查名词。句意
：然后有一天我不得不接受了两个小时的治疗。medical是形容词，修饰名词，“治疗”的名词是treatment，空前有a，因此空格
处用单数。故填treatment。41．approaching【详解】考查现在分词。句意：我们听到一辆汽车靠近的声音。根据We h
eard the sound of可知，汽车正在靠近，用现在分词approaching作定语。故填approaching。42．g
lobal【详解】考查形容词。句意：能源问题始终是一个全球性问题，各国需要共同努力。根据汉语提示“全球性的”可知应填形容词glob
al，作定语修饰名词issue。故填global。43． going off 【详解】考查非谓语动词。根据句意和所给句子可知，此处
使用动词短语go off，与主语fireworks是主谓关系，应用现在分词，表主动，作后置定语。故填going off。44．to
ok their breath away 【详解】考查动词短语、时态。根据汉语提示和句意，设空处为“令她们惊叹不已”，表达为动词短
语take their breath away，设空处在定语从句中，主句为一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时，陈述过去发生的动作，故填
took their breath away。45． which/that/不填 he started has b
een helping【详解】考查定语从句和时态。第一空，空处引导定语从句修饰先行词The Boys and Girls Club
，先行词在从句中作宾语，指物，故应用关系代词which/that/引导，因为引导词再从句中作宾语，所以不填写引导词。从句中主语为h
e，表示“创办”可用动词start作谓语，结合语境描述过去的事情应用一般过去时；第二空，表示“帮助”应用动词help作谓语，且根据
后文since 1996可知表示过去发生的动作，持续不间断地发生到现在，将来可能持续下去，应用现在完成进行时，主语为The Boy
s and Girls Club，助动词用has。故填①which he started；②has been helping。46
．justify sitting there【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“有理由做某事”可知短语为justify doing
sth.，且could后跟动词原形；表示“坐在那儿”应用sit there。故填justify sitting there。47
． dress up【详解】考查动词短语。空格处应填动词原形和情态动词would构成谓语，结合句意“装扮”是dre
ss up。故空格1填dress；空格2填up。48． are being hunted【详解】考查时态和
主谓一致。对比中英文句意可知，空处需表示“正遭受猎杀”之意，hunt猎杀，动词作谓语，符合题意；结合汉语提示可知，空处谓语动词需用
现在进行时态的被动语态：be being done，主语是第三人称复数they，所以此处be东西需用are。故填①are ②bei
ng ③hunted。49． in harmony with【详解】考查介词与其它词类的搭配。对比中英文句
意可知，空处需表示“和……和谐共处”之意，in harmony with…(与……和谐共处)，固定短语，符合题意。故填①in ②h
armony ③with。50．spying on【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她觉得他的邻居总是从窗户向外看，监视她。根据汉语提
示“暗中监视”可知，应用spy on表达；分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作状语，且与主语She之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，故答案为
spying on。【点睛】51．gets me motivated【详解】考查固定搭配。根据所给中文提示词和英文翻译，需翻译部分
是“激起了我的动力”，此处是固定搭配：get sb. motivated意为“激励某人”，过去分词作宾补。此处是描述的客观状态，用
一般现在时，主语是this，为第三人称单数。故填gets me motivated。52．for the first time 【
详解】考查介词短语。根据句意和中文提示，设空处缺“第一次”，表达为介词短语for the first time，作时间状语。故填f
or the first time。53．unique to【详解】考查形容词。分析可知，设空处为“特有的”，英文表达为uniqu
e，作后置定语修饰名词短语 plants and animals，“对于”用介词to，故填unique to54．were tra
pped【详解】考查动词语态。根据句子结构，设空处在限制性定语从句中，作谓语，先行词为those，为人；根据句意和汉语提示，设空处
缺“受困”，应用动词trap，trap与逻辑主语those之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态be trapped；根据主句的谓语sent
可知，从句也用一般过去时态，逻辑主语those，为复数，故助动词用were。故填were trapped。55． ther
e is an urgent need【详解】考查形容词、固定句型和时态。根据汉语提示和句意，设空
处缺“迫切需要”，句型there is a need to do sth，意为“有必要做某事” ，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。“迫
切的”表达为形容词urgent，修饰need，作前置定语，因以元音音素开头，不定冠词用an。故填：①there ②is ③an ④
urgent ⑤need。56． focusing/concentrating on leave
alone【详解】考查动词短语搭配和复合宾语结构。分析句子可知，前两空表示“正在聚精会神”，谓语动词应用现在进行时，所以空处应填固
定短语搭配focusing/ concentrating on，表示“聚精会神”；后两空表示“别去打扰他”也就是“让他一个人待着”
，要用leave的复合结构leace+宾语+宾补，所以应填固定搭配leave sb. alone，表示“让某人一个人呆着”，had
better do sth.为固定用法，意为“最好做某事”，空处需填动词原形。故填①focusing/ concentratin
g②on③leave④alone。57． is home to【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句意可
知，空处需表示“是……居住地”之意，be home to…(是……居住地/家园)，固定短语，符合题意；结合汉语句意可知，本句陈述一
个事实，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数it，所以be动词需用is。故填①is ②home ③to。58．?My
favorite corner in the school ?Our school has a lot of corners wh
ere students like to hang out, such as the playground, computer r
ooms and the art room.?My favorite corner is the library. In the
library, people know how to restrict themselves and behave more p
olitely, and it is a good place for students to read plenty of no
vels and study their own subjects. I am used to staying in the li
brary after school, because I enjoy its quiet atmosphere and it’s
helpful when I do my homework. It is also a good place to meet s
ome friends who have something in common with me, and we can shar
e experience in different subjects.【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以My Favori
te Corner in the School为题写一篇短文，具体描述校园里你最喜欢的一角（如位置、景色等）。【详解】1. 词汇积
累有用的：helpful→useful很多：a lot of→many大量的：plenty of→a large number o
f习惯于：be used to→be accustomed to2. 句式拓展并列句变复合句原句：In the library,
people know how to restrict themselves and behave more politely,
and it is a good place for students to read plenty of novels and study their own subjects.拓展句：In the library, people know how to restrict themselves and behave more politely, and it is a good place where students can read plenty of novels and study their own subjects.【点睛】[高分句型1] Our school has a lot of corners where students like to hang out, such as the playground, computer rooms and the art room. (运用了where引导的限制性定语从句)[高分句型2] It is also a good place to meet some friends who have something in common with me, and we can share experience in different subjects. (运用了who引导的限制性定语从句)59．One possible version:It was December 31 and everyone was busy with their own work. Alex’s grandfather was sitting in his room, reading a book. When the clock struck 8 p.m. everyone started gathering in the living room and Alex went to call his grandfather. When his grandfather arrived in the living room, he was surprised to see everyone was there.“Today we are not going anywhere and today’s party is especially for you, Grandpa!” Alex said. The whole family apologized to him for being busy with their own lives. Then they had a wonderful dinner, telling stories and jokes.Alex saw his grandfather looking very happy while talking with the family members. He came to Alex and said, “My dear child, I am really thankful to you. Because of you I feel excited and alive again today. I thought that with each passing day and year, things would only get worse and worse but I know that this New Year is going to be a good one. Now I wish to live longer and enjoy life with everyone.” Alex was excited too at seeing his grandfather happy and he truly knew that families do matter.【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述新年前夕Alex通过和爷爷的沟通发现，爷爷因为家人们都在忙自己的事感到非常孤独。Alex想办法举办家庭聚会，希望能让爷爷高兴起来。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“那是12月31日，大家都忙着自己的工作。”可知，本段可以写Alex举办聚会，给爷爷惊喜，家人因忽视而向爷爷道歉。②由第二段首句内容“Alex看到他的祖父在和家人交谈时看起来很开心。”可知，本段可以写爷爷很开心，爷爷感谢Alex让他感觉生活再次有了意义。2.续写线索：聚会——Alex给爷爷惊喜——家人们道歉——爷爷快乐——爷爷感谢Alex——Alex明白了家人的重要性。3.词类激活行为类①聚集：gather/get together ②道歉：apologize /say sorry/make an apology③懂得：know/understand/be aware of情绪类①感激的：thankful/appreciative/grateful ②激动的：excited/thrilled ③惊讶的：surprised/amazed/astonished【点睛】【高分句型1】 Then they had a wonderful dinner, telling stories and jokes.（运用了现在分词作伴随状语。） 【高分句型2】Alex was too excited at seeing his grandfather happy and he truly knew that families do matter.（运用了that引导宾语从句。）答案第11页，共22页试卷第11页，共33页答案第11页，共22页试卷第11页，共33页 |
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