2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________一、完形
填空I love my father. He’s the parent who I thought understood me.
But when I was growing up, he was 1 home. He worked overtime as
an accountant, late into the evening during the week, all day Sat
urday and most Sundays. Even if he was home, and wasn’t working a
t his desk, I had to 2 him, because I was one of three daughters
. All those years in my childhood I longed for my father’s 3. On
e day my father was working at his desk. I 4 him there and stood
beside the desk. 5 in his writing, he didn’t notice me. To let
him know I was there, I lifted my plastic water gun and shot him
in the face. This frightened him and he roared like a tiger. I da
shed out of the room and down the stairs. I was so 6 because I’d
never seen him angry before.Moments later, he appeared at the to
p of the stairs, 7 his arms and laughed; his arms and laugh invi
ted me to run back up the stairs and into his huge hug. Comfortin
g me softly, he 8 for scaring me. I kept replaying the 9 in my
mind for a thousand times.My sense that I couldn’t reach my fathe
r stayed with me even when I was grown. Well into adulthood, I fe
lt that I could never 10 the father time I’d missed as a child.
But it turned out that I could. And I did.The 11 started when my
father retired. One day, I called when my mother was out. My fat
her answered the phone, and he couldn’t hand me over to my mother
, 12 we started to talk. He told me he’d been thinking about his
grandfather, and I asked about him. He began telling me. I 13 t
hat when I asked him about his past, he stayed on the phone. And
the older he got, the more 14?my father was to talk about his pa
st, especially his childhood. In his detailed descriptions, I fel
t he was recreating the world of his childhood, and 15 me in. Th
e stories he told became a world we inhabited together. He introd
uced me to the people he knew there, and to the child he was.I re
ally cherish my father’s stories and will pass them on to the nex
t generation.1．A．rarelyB．merelyC．frequentlyD．gradually2．A．watchB．
followC．shareD．support3．A．impressionB．attentionC．explanationD．pre
sentation4．A．approachedB．ignoredC．monitoredD．comforted5．A．Concern
edB．ExperiencedC．DisappointedD．Absorbed6．A．annoyedB．depressedC．sc
aredD．bored7．A．crossedB．spreadC．swungD．moved8．A．apologizedB．compl
ainedC．hesitatedD．joked9．A．viewB．messageC．voiceD．scene10．A．cut ba
ck onB．make up forC．keep up with D．look forward to11．A．changeB．su
ccessC．traditionD．silence12．A．butB．orC．forD．so13．A．proposedB．disc
overedC．recalledD．predicted14．A．seriousB．confidentC．eagerD．reason
able15．A．remindingB．pushingC．requiringD．inviting二、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下
列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。China
has achieved a total victory in lifting the whole nation out of p
overty(贫困). The poverty relief policy was put forward in November
2013. 16 (finish) this task, about 800,000 officials have been
sent to work at local levels. In the past 8 years, China 17(lift
) 98.99 million poor rural 18 (resident) - a population larger t
han all but a few countries - out of poverty under the current po
verty line.阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空.在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词
的正确形式填空.请在答题卡指定区域作答。 The Scream was painted by Edvard Munch in 18
93. 19 makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an
expression of fear — the figure ''s mouth is wide open, 20 (let)
out a powerful scream. The figure covers his or her ears and look
s directly at the viewer. This figure 21 (set) on a bridge above
a dark, stormy sea, and against a burning orange —red sky.三、选用适当
的单词或短语补全句子选词填空be addicted to；get used to；belong to；tend to；innova
tionembarrass；make excuse；be to blame；have influence on；get stuck
in22．She felt_____about not being able to answer the question.23
．They_______the mud, and this forces them to give up the chase.24
．Even though in recent years, the price of petrol goes up, people
still_______to use their cars.25．He is the person who always com
es up with_______ideas.26．Human activity_______the conservation o
f environment.27．Experts are worried that a new virus may________
for the spread of the disease.28．I__________ go to bed earlier du
ring the winter.29．These books________me.30．After three weeks she
had______the extreme heat.31．To be frank, we______our cars, this
is a nation on wheels.四、根据中英文提示填写单词32．To a person nothing is mor
e p______________ (宝贵的) than their life. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)33．The edit
ors admitted the mistake and a________ (道歉) to the readers. (根据中英
文提示填空)34．Even if you can’t cook, you’ll find these meals quick an
d c__________(方便的) to prepare. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)35．The failures made
the scientists sad and d________ (失望的), but the desire to launch
a spacelab into space never died. （根据中英文提示填空)36．When you’re desig
ning the handbook, please make sure that it c________ (包含) all th
e important information. (根据中英文提示填空)五、阅读理解I am Fionn Ferreira, an
Irish teenager. Thank you judges for this honor and giving this
award in my hand. I am very delighted to have won $50,000 for my
project. My project came about as I was constantly hearing about
plastic pollution on the news. And I also see the real effects on
our beaches every day. I discovered, to my shock, that at presen
t no filtration(过滤)for microplastics takes place in any European
wastewater treatment centers, so I set up my project and started
looking for a solution.Seeing that there was none, I decided to s
tudy further, finally finding a way to use the fberofluid(铁磁流体),
a liquid which sticks to the plastic allowing it to be removed us
ing magnets(磁体).After over 1,000 tests I have proved that my meth
od would remove 87% or higher of microplastics.I grew up in West
Cork, Ireland. My hometown is surrounded by untouched nature. Thi
s has been my first inspiration about how nature works. I soon di
scovered that science really was in everything. The fact that I l
ived in such a remote place meant that I had to build my own equi
pment and lab to do tests and experiments.Inspired by scientists
such as Ben Feringa and his work with organic chemistry and nanot
echnology(纳米技术), I would like to study chemistry or chemical engi
neering when finishing my last year of secondary school. Both of
these subjects will be suited to me as I really enjoy problem-sol
ving and experiments.One of the most valuable rewards from the sc
ience fair for me is the opportunity to present my work to a grou
p of professional judges. Winning the prize is a great honor to m
e as this is a recognition of my project and ideas.Also, the priz
e will give my project more attention. There is nothing I would l
ike to see more than my project to be used in removing microplast
ics in our oceans worldwide.37．Why did Fionn set up the project?A
．To win the prize.B．To clean the air.C．To remove microplastics.D．
To build a wastewater center.38．According to paragraph 3, what ga
ve Fionn the creative ideas?A．The sandy beaches.B．The nature of h
is hometown.C．The new technology.D．The results of his experiments
.39．According to the passage, which word can best describe Fionn?
A．Honest.B．Determined.C．Fearless.D．Humorous.40．This passage might
be_________.A．a news reportB．a science surveyC．a thanks-giving l
etterD．an awarding speechWhales are an important part of the ocea
n. They maintain the ocean ecosystem by providing important nutri
ents for phytoplankton (浮游植物), microscopic organism (微生物) in the
ocean, to grow as food for fish and other animals. Phytoplankton
also carry out photosynthesis (光合作用) to keep carbon dioxide level
low in the atmosphere to keep the Earth cool. So, without whales
, the oceans wouldn’t be healthy.Currently, North Atlantic right
whales are critically endangered. Scientists from University of S
outh Carolina and Cornell University imagined that it is the warm
er ocean waters that force whales to go to new places that don’t
have rules, such as speed limits for ships, shorter fishing seaso
ns, etc., to protect whales.To see if climate changes can explain
the loss of whales, scientists analyzed the water temperature ne
ar the Gulf of Maine, the feeding place of the whales. The temper
ature is affected by the position of Gulf Stream which brings war
m water from the south.They also looked at population data for th
e whales and their food, which is primarily small shrimps and cra
bs called copepods. They estimated how the whale population chang
ed based on the number of whale sightings, whale birth and their
bodies. Finally, they analyzed how the change in the water temper
ature related to the change in the whale population.The result sh
owed that since 2010, the Gulf Stream has been farther north than
ever before, bringing warmer waters to the region. The populatio
n data shows a significant decrease in copepods population beginn
ing in 2010. This means there has been less food available for th
e whales.The best explanation is that global warming is causing t
he northward shift of the Gulf Stream, which is consistent with c
limate change, and making the waters near the Gulf of Maine warme
r. However, copepods prefer cold water. Warmer water wakes them t
oo early, they miss the nutritious spring phytoplankton bloom the
y need to grow. Besides, when the Gulf Stream is farther north, l
ess copepods are brought into the Gulf of Maine.With food levels
too low, fewer whales are born, and fewer survive. To find enough
food, some whales swim north to the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Theref
ore, there were more whale sightings there. It also explains why
there were more whale deaths in the area in 2017 and 2019. By loo
king at the carcasses, scientists know that ships hit the whales,
or they got trapped in fishing gear. So, climate change both mak
es the whales’ food shorter and causes them to move to new places
, making it harder to protect them.Global warming doesn’t only ch
ange the weather; it changes the ocean. To protect ocean species
and keep our oceans healthy, governments need to adjust how they
manage the ocean.41．Scientists in the study collected the followi
ng types of data EXCEPT the ______.A．temperatures of watersB．popu
lation of whalesC．population of copepodsD．population of phytoplan
kton42．Which of the following statements is FALSE according to th
e article?A．Whales move to get enough copepods to eat.B．Copepods
need phytoplankton to grow.C．Phytoplankton cause global warming.D
．Global warming causes the shift of Gulf Stream.43．What does the
underlined word “carcass” in paragraph 7 mean?A．dead bodyB．wounde
d bodyC．trapped bodyD．lost body44．What should the governments do
to save the whales according to the author?A．Governments should c
ontrol ocean traffics that kill the whales.B．Governments should t
ake means to slow down global warming.C．Governments should ban fi
shing in the area where the whales live.D．Governments should keep
the warm water away from the Gulf of Maine.Search engines have c
hanged the way we use the Internet, putting vast sources of infor
mation just a few clicks away. But Harvard professor of psycholog
y Line Daniel Wegner’s recent research proves that websites and t
he Internet are changing the way our memories function. His lates
t study shows that when people have access to search engines, the
y remember fewer facts and less information because they know the
y can rely on“search”as a readily available shortcut. Wegner beli
eves the new findings show that the Internet has become part of a
transactive memory (交互记忆) source, a method by which our brains d
ivide information. Transactive memory exists in many forms, as wh
en a husband relies on his wife to remember a relative’s birthday
. You don’t have to remember everything in the world yourself. Yo
u just have to remember who knows it. Now computers and technolog
y are becoming virtual extensions of our memory. Wegner conducted
several experiments to demonstrate the phenomenon, using various
forms of memory recall to test reliance on computers. In one exp
eriment, participants demonstrated that they were more likely to
think of computer terms like “Yahoo” or “Google” after being aske
d a set of difficult trivia questions. In another experiment, par
ticipants typed some statements into a computer and they were tol
d the statements would be saved in specific folders. Next, they w
ere asked to recall the statements. Finally, they were given cues
to the wording and asked to name the folders where the statement
s were stored. The participants proved better able to recall the
folder locations than the statements themselves. Wegner admits th
at questions remain about whether dependence on computers will af
fect memories negatively: “Nobody knows now what the effects of t
hese tools are on logical thinking.” Students who have trouble re
membering distinct facts, for example, may struggle to employ tho
se facts in critical thinking. But he believes that the situation
overall is beneficial, comparing dependence on computers to depe
ndence on a mechanical hand (机械手). And even though we may not be
using our memories to recall distinct facts, we are still using t
hem to consider where the facts are located and how to access the
m. “We still have to remember things,”Wegner explains. “We’re jus
t remembering a different range of things.”45．Why does the writer
mention “a husband relies on his wife to remember a relative’s b
irthday” in Paragraph 2?A．To show that people who are closely rel
ated tend to have shared memories.B．To demonstrate how people ini
tially developed external sources of memory.C．To emphasize the ef
fectiveness and accuracy of transactive memory sources.D．To illus
trate the concept of a transactive memory source using a familiar
situation.46．What do people tend to do in the experiment when as
ked to provide unfamiliar facts?A．Think of specific information s
ources.B．Recall them from their deep memories.C．Type into compute
r and remember them.D．Link the unfamiliar facts to their experien
ces.47．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?A．Relian
ce on computers does not necessarily reduce human memory.B．Comput
ers have helped people to understand the memory system better.C．C
omputer dependence affects our thinking capacities in other disti
nct fields.D．Researches should be done to reveal the side effect
of computer dependence.六、七选五The word “diary” comes from the Latin
word “diarium”, which means “daily allowance”. 48And it is used
for business notes, planning activities, keeping track of schedu
led appointments, or documenting what has already happened. Some
doctors suggest that writing in a diary is a good form of self-st
udy.In America, from the 1940s through the 1980s, a diary was tho
ught of mostly as a way to privately express one’s deepest though
ts while keeping notations about the day.? 49 Many times, movies
would show a teenage girl beginning to write in her diary while s
he said aloud, “Dear diary” 50 A diary kept by a young German Jew
ish girl by the name of Anne Frank provides us with invaluable le
ssons about history, for she documented her experiences while she
hid from the Nazis during their occupation of the Netherlands in
World War II. Her diary became one of the world’s most widely re
ad books and is the basis for many films.Samuel Pepys, who lived
during the 17th century, is the earliest diary keeper that is fam
ous today. His diary is also an important documentation of histor
y, for it gives personal insight （洞察力） into London’s Great Plague
and the Great Fire. His diary is being published on the Internet
, and it’s interesting to note that there has been a new entry ev
ery day since January of 2003. It will continue over the course o
f several years to come. 51Today’s electronic version of the dia
ry, the web log or “blog” has once again stretched the diary to b
e much more than a personal account of the day’s events. There ar
e blogs to document recipes, traveling, movies, independent news,
product announcements, photos, and anything else that needs to b
e recorded over time. Search engines like Technorati. com have be
en created to keep track of the more than 112 million blogs that
are currently public. 52A．It refers to a book for writings by dat
e.B．In its newest form, the diary has become more popular than ev
er.C．Reading his diary is fascinating, and it makes his life all
the more real to us.D．People love to write diaries, so whenever t
hey are free, they will write a few lines.E．Those private reflect
ions may have historical significance long after the author’s dea
th.F．Nowadays, the blog has taken the place of the diary and beco
mes more and more popular.G．In those times, and even continuing o
n today, writing in a diary was like writing to a special friend.
七、阅读表达阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题.The Impact of Social Media on Adolesce
nts (青少年)Using social media has become a routine activity for mos
t young people. In recent years the number of young people using
social media has increased dramatically, so a large part of their
social and emotional development is occurring while they are on
the Internet. Social media allow young people to achieve many of
the online tasks that are important to them offline: staying conn
ected with friends and family, making new friends, and exchanging
ideas. Some schools successfully use blogs as teaching tools, wh
ich has the benefit of improving skills in written expression and
creativity. At the same time, social media helps them get what t
hey want, increase their knowledge and confidence in their academ
ic (学业的) performance. While social media provides many benefits,
it can also have a negative impact on young people, both physical
ly and mentally. It is easy to become addicted, and research show
s that students who spend too much time on social media can suffe
r from poor sleep, eye fatigue, negative body image, depression,
anxiety and more. Research also indicates that there are frequent
online expressions of offline behaviours, which have introduced
problems such as cyberbullying and online harassment (骚扰). Using
social media becomes a risk to adolescents more than they can rea
lise. When people go on to websites, they leave evidence of their
visits. This ongoing record of online activity is called the “di
gital footprint”. One of the biggest threats to young people on s
ocial media is to their digital footprint and future reputations
(名誉). Young people who lack an awareness of privacy issues often
post inappropriate material without understanding that “what goes
online stays online”. As a result, future jobs and college accep
tance maybe put in danger by inexperienced clicks of the mouse.53
．Why is a large part of young people’s social and emotional devel
opment occurring on the Internet? _______________________________
_____________________________54．Please decide which part is false
in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Y
oung people’s improper digital footprint may have an impact on cy
berbullying and online harassment. ______________________________
______________________________55．You have been physically distanc
ed from school for more than one month in this term. How do you m
ake full use of social media to better your life and study??Pleas
e give one or two examples. (In about 40 words)__________________
__________________________________________八、开放性作文56．假设你是红星中学高三的学生
李华。你班交换生Jim将要参加“学在中国”留学生汉语演讲比赛，来信向你咨询。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1. 推荐一个演讲话题；
2. 说明推荐的理由；3. 建议他做哪些准备工作。注意：1. 词数不少于50；2. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear
Jim,____________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
__________________Yours,Li Hua参考答案1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D
6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．B 1
4．C 15．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者小时候父亲工作很忙，很少关注到作者，作者一度认为自己无法弥补孩童时期错过的父爱时
光，后来随着父亲退休，他向作者分享自己的过去，作者非常珍惜父亲的故事并打算传递下去。1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但在我成长过程中他
很少在家。A. rarely很少，罕见；B. merely仅仅；C. frequently经常，频繁地；D. gradually逐
渐。根据下一句“He worked overtime as an accountant, late into the evenin
g during the week, all day Saturday and most Sundays.(作为一名会计，他经常加
班，周六全天和大部分周日都要加班到深夜)”可知，父亲工作很忙，很少在家。故选A项。2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使他在家，不在他的
办公桌前工作，我也不得不分摊他的时间，因为我是三个女儿中的一个。A. watch观看；B. follow跟随；C. share共享
，分摊；D. support支持。根据“because I was one of three daughters”可知，父亲有三个
女儿，即使父亲在家不工作时，作者也只能和两个姐妹分摊父亲的陪伴。故选C项。3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：童年的那些年里，我一直渴望得
到父亲的关注。A. impression印象；B. attention注意力，关心；C. explanation解释；D. pre
sentation展示会，陈述。上文提到父亲经常不在家，且由下文作者为了让父亲注意到自己的存在用玩具水枪喷父亲可知，此处指渴望得到
父亲的关注。故选B项。4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我走近他，站在书桌旁。A. approached接近；B. ignored忽视；
C. monitored监控；D. comforted安慰。根据“stood beside the desk.”可知，父亲在书桌前
工作，作者走近父亲，站在书桌旁边。故选A项。5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他专心写作，没有注意到我。A. Concerned相关的
，担心的；B. Experienced有经验的；C. Disappointed失望的；D. Absorbed全神贯注的。根据“he
didn’t notice me”可知，父亲因专心写作而没有注意到作者。故选D项。6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很害怕，因为我
从没见过他生气。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. depressed沮丧的；C. scared害怕的；D. bored无聊的。根据
“because I’d never seen him angry before.”可知，父亲生气了，作者很害怕。下文“he __
_8___ for scaring me.”也是提示。故选C项。7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，他出现在楼梯顶上，伸开双臂
大笑起来；他的双臂和笑声邀请我跑回楼梯上，投入到他的拥抱中。A. crossed交叉，穿过；B. spread展开，张开；C. s
wung摆动，使摇摆；D. moved移动。根据“into his huge hug”可知，父亲张开双臂要拥抱作者，故选B项。8．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他温柔地安慰我，为吓到我而道歉。A. apologized道歉；B. complained抱怨；C. he
sitated犹豫；D. joked开玩笑。根据“for scaring me”可知，父亲为吓到作者而道歉。故选A项。9．考查名词
词义辨析。句意：当时的情景在我脑海里重复了一千遍。A. view观点；B. message消息，信息；C. voice声音；D.
scene场面，情节，景象。此处指上文描述的父亲笑着张开双臂拥抱作者，轻声道歉的情景，作者脑海里一直回想这个情景，故选D项。10．
考查动词短语辨析。句意：成年后，我觉得我永远无法弥补我小时候错过的父爱时光。A. cut back on削减；B. make up
for弥补，补偿；C. keep up with跟上；D. look forward to期望。根据“the father ti
me I’d missed as a child”可知，此处指无法弥补童年错过的父爱时光，故选B项。11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：
变化是从我父亲退休时开始的。A. change 改变，变化；B. success成功；C. tradition传统；D. sile
nce沉默。根据上文“I felt that I could never ___10___ the father time I’d
missed as a child. But it turned out that I could.”可知，作者原以为无法弥补童
年错过的父爱时光，但后来证明可以弥补，此处指这种改变是从父亲退休时开始的。故选A项。12．考查连词词义辨析。句意：我父亲接了电话，
他不能把我交给我母亲，所以我们开始交谈。A. but但是；B. or或者；C. for因为；D. so所以。结合句意可知，因为无法
让母亲接电话，所以作者只得和父亲交谈，前后句是因果关系，故选D项。13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我发现当我问起他的过去时，他一直在
电话里。A. proposed提议，建议；B. discovered发现；C. recalled回想；D. predicted预测
。空后“when I asked him about his past, he stayed on the phone”是作者发觉
、意识到的事情，故选B项。14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我的父亲越来越渴望谈论他的过去，尤其是他的童年。A. s
erious认真的，严肃的；B. confident自信的；C. eager热切的，渴望的；D. reasonable合理的。根据
下文“In his detailed descriptions”可知，父亲对自己的过去描述得很详细，所以此处指年龄越大，越渴望谈论
自己的过去，故选C项。15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他的详细描述中，我感觉他在重新创造他童年的世界，并邀请我进去。A. remi
nding提醒；B. pushing推，敦促；C. requiring 需要，要求做；D. inviting邀请。根据下文“The
stories he told became a world we inhabited together. He introdu
ced me to the people he knew there, and to the child he was.(他讲的故
事变成了我们共同生活的世界。他把我介绍给他在那里认识的人，以及他的童年)”可知，此处指父亲通过向作者描述自己的童年而重新创造他的童
年世界，并邀请作者也参与其中，故选D项。16．To finish 17．has lifted 18．residents
【分析】本文是新闻报道。介绍中国已经成功地彻底帮助全国摆脱贫困。扶贫政策于2013年11月提出，大量的官员被派往地方工作，成功帮助
贫困人口脱贫。16．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了完成这个任务，大约80万名官员已被派往地方各级工作。分析句子可知，finish此处为
目的状语，不定式形式作目的状语，置句首单词首字母大写，故填To finish。17．考查动词时态。句意：在过去的8年里，中国已经消
除了9899万贫困农村人口，按照当前的贫困线脱离贫困的人口比除了少数国家外的大部分国家都要多。由时间状语In the past 8
years可知，用现在完成时，主语是单数，故填has lifted。18．考查名词。句意同上。resident“居民”是可数名词
，由98.99 million修饰，用复数，故填residents。19．What 20．letting 21．is
set【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Edvard Munch 的画作《呐喊》。19．考查主语从句。句意：这幅画富有冲击力，画中
有一个表情恐惧的瘦弱身影——嘴巴大张,正发出强烈的尖叫声。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连接词引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，表示具体内容
，需用连接代词what引导主语从句，句首单词首字母需大写。故填What。20．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。本句已有动词 is，且空
处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；动词let与主语之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词作状语。故填letting。21．考查时态
和语态。句意：人物被设置在座桥上，桥下是漆黑的、翻滚的海面，背景是燃烧的橙红色天空。set设置，动词作谓语；结合前一句谓语动词co
vers可知，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态；空处主语是动作的承受者，所以空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态的被动语态：be done，主
语是单数，所以be动词需用is。故填is set。22．embarrassed 23．get stuck in 24．
make excuses 25．innovative 26．has influence on 27．be to
blame 28．tend to 29．belong to 30．got used to 31．are a
ddicted to【解析】22．考查形容词。句意：她因回答不了这个问题而感到尴尬。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作表语，且根据句意
可知，此处为回答不了问题感到尴尬。故填embarrassed。23．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：他们陷入了泥中，所以放弃了追捕。根据
“他们放弃追逐”可以推断“他们被困在泥里”，且根据“forces”可知，此句应用一般现在时；主语“They”为复数，谓语动词应用复
数形式。故填get stuck in。24．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：尽管近年来汽油价格上涨，人们仍然找借口使用汽车。分析句子可知
，此句描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为“people”，且根据“their”可知，谓语动词应用复数形式。make excu
ses是固定短语，表示“找借口”，故填make excuses。25．考查形容词。句意：他是那个总能提出创新想法的人。分析句子可知
，此处修饰名词“ideas（想法）”，应用“innovation”的形容词形式“innovative（创新的）”。故填innova
tive。26．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人类活动对环境保护产生影响。分析句子可知，人类活动会影响环境保护，是客观事实，且主语“H
uman activity”为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填has influence on。27．考查固定搭配。句意：专家
们担心一种新的病毒可能是造成这种疾病传播的罪魁祸首。分析句子可知，一种新的病毒可能是造成这种疾病传播的原因，且位于情态动词“may
”后面，故填be to blame。28．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：冬天我往往早睡。根据句意可知，“冬天倾向于早睡”且分析句子可知
，此句描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语“I”是第一人称。故填tend to。29．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这些书属于我。分
析句子可知，此句描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语“These books”是复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填belong
to。30．考查固定搭配和时态。句意：三个星期后，她就习惯了酷热的天气。根据句意可知，此处应为“习惯酷热天气”，且此句应为过去完成
时。故填got used to。31．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：坦率地说，我们沉溺于汽车，这是一个车轮上的国家。根据“这是一个车轮
上的国家”可以推断“我们沉溺于汽车”，且此句描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语“we”是复数，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are
addicted to。32．precious/recious【详解】考查形容词。句意：对一个人来说，没有什么比生命更宝贵。根据
单词首字母和汉语提示“宝贵的”可知，空格处应用“precious”，意为“宝贵的”，形容词词性，在句中作表语。故填precious
。33．apologized/pologized/apologised/pologised【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：编辑们承认
了错误并向读者道歉。根据单词首字母和汉语提示“道歉”可知，空格处涉及单词“apologize”，意为“道歉”，动词词性，也可写作“
apologise”，根据句中“admitted”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，为一般过去时，空格处应用“apologize”的
过去式“apologized”，或用“apologise”的过去式“apologised”。故填apologized/apolog
ised。34．convenient/onvenient【详解】考查形容词。句意：即使你不会做饭，你也会发现这些饭菜准备起来既快捷
又方便。根据中文提示和首字母可知，表示“方便的”应用形容词convenient，在本句中作宾补。故填convenient。35．d
isappointed/isappointed【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些失败使科学家们感到悲伤和失望，但是把太空实验室发射到太
空的愿望从未消失。根据汉语和首字母提示可知，disappointed失望的，形容词作宾语补足语，符合题意。故填disappoint
ed。36．contains/ontains【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：当你在设计手册时，请确保手册包含所有重要信息。根据单词首
字母和汉语提示“包含”可知，空格处涉及单词“contain”，意为“包含”，动词词性，根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般
现在时，句子主语为“it”，故空格处应用“contain”的第三人称单数“contains”。故填contains。37．C
38．B 39．B 40．D【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者Fionn Ferreira是一个科学比赛的获奖者。他介绍了
自己使用铁磁流体从水中去除微塑料的实验项目及获奖的经历, 表达了自己对科学的热爱。37．推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“I dis
covered, to my shock, that at present no filtration (过滤) for micr
oplastics takes place in any European wastewater treatment center
s, so I set up my project and started looking for a solution.(令我震
惊的是，我发现目前欧洲任何污水处理中心都没有对微塑料进行过滤，所以我开始寻找解决方案)”以及第二段第一句“Seeing that
there was none, I decided to study further, finally finding a way
to use the fberofluid(铁磁流体)，a liquid which sticks to the plastic
allowing it to be removed using magnets(磁体). (没有看到解决方案，我决定进一步调查，
最终找到了一种使用铁磁流体的方法，这种液体可以粘在塑料上，用磁铁将其移除)”可知，作者研究该项目的目的就是去除水中的微塑料。故选C
项。38．细节理解题。根据第三段中“My hometown is surrounded by untouched nature.
This has been my first inspiration about how nature works.(我的家乡被原
始的自然环境包围着。这是我对大自然的第一次启发。)”可知，是Fionn Ferreira家乡的原生态启发了他做出该项发明。故选B。
39．推理判断题。根据第三段中“I soon discovered that science really was in ever
ything. The fact that I lived in such a remote place meant that I
had to build my own equipment and lab to do tests and experiment
s.(我很快发现科学真的存在于一切事物中。事实上，我住在这样一个偏远的地方，这意味着我必须建造自己的设备和实验室来做测试和实验。)
”以及倒数第三段中“I would like to study chemistry or chemical engineering
when finishing my last year of secondary school. (我想在中学最后一年学习化学或
化学工程。)”可知，虽然Fionn Ferreira家住偏远的地方，但是他下定决心要建造自己的设备和实验室，同时为了实验他还想在最
后一年学习相关的化学和化学工程课程，由此体现出为了做出科学研究，他是意志坚定的。故选B。40．推理判断题。根据第一段中“I am
Fionn Ferreira, an Irish teenager. Thank you judges for this hono
r and giving this award in my hand.(我是菲昂·费雷拉，一名爱尔兰少年。感谢评委们给我这个荣誉，
并把这个奖交到我手中。)”以及最后一段中“Also, the prize will give my project more at
tention. There is nothing I would like to see more than my projec
t to be used in removing microplastics in our oceans worldwide.(而
且，这个奖会让我的项目得到更多的关注。我最希望看到的就是我的项目被用于清除全球海洋中的微塑料。)”可知，本文可能是一份获奖感言。故
选D。41．D 42．C 43．A 44．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。科学家们通过研究找到了全球变暖和鲸鱼数量减
少之间的关系。41．细节理解题。根据文章的第三段“To see if climate changes can explain th
e loss of whales, scientists analyzed the water temperature near
the Gulf of Maine, the feeding place of the whales. The temperatu
re is affected by the position of Gulf Stream which brings warm w
ater from the south.（为了了解气候变化是否可以解释鲸鱼数量的减少，科学家们分析了缅因湾附近的水温，缅因湾是鲸鱼
的觅食地。温度受墨西哥湾暖流位置的影响，墨西哥湾暖流从南部带来温暖的海水）”和第四段“They also looked at po
pulation data for the whales and their food, which is primarily s
mall shrimps and crabs called copepods. They estimated how the wh
ale population changed based on the number of whale sightings, wh
ale birth and their bodies. Finally, they analyzed how the change
in the water temperature related to the change in the whale popu
lation.（他们还研究了鲸鱼和它们的食物的数量数据，这些食物主要是被称为桡足类的小虾和螃蟹。他们根据看到鲸鱼的数量、鲸鱼的出生
和它们的身体来估计鲸鱼数量的变化。最后，他们分析了水温的变化与鲸鱼数量的变化之间的关系）”可知，科学家们收集的数据包括：水温、鲸鱼
数量、桡足类动物的数量，但不包括浮游植物的数量。故选D项。42．细节理解题。根据第七段的句子“With food levels t
oo low, fewer whales are born, and fewer survive. To find enough
food, some whales swim north to the Gulf of St. Lawrence.（由于食物水平过
低，鲸鱼出生数量减少，存活数量减少。为了找到足够的食物，一些鲸鱼向北游到圣劳伦斯湾）”可知，鲸鱼移动是为了获取足够的桡足类食物。根
据第六段的句子“However, copepods prefer cold water. Warmer water wakes t
hem too early, they miss the nutritious spring phytoplankton bloo
m they need to grow.（然而，桡足类动物更喜欢冷水。温暖的海水过早地唤醒了它们，它们错过了它们生长所需的营养丰富
的春季浮游植物繁盛期）”可知，桡足类需要浮游植物来生长。根据第六段的句子“The best explanation is that
global warming is causing the northward shift of the Gulf Stream
, which is consistent with climate change, and making the waters
near the Gulf of Maine warmer.（最好的解释是，全球变暖导致墨西哥湾暖流向北移动，这与气候变化是一致的
，并使缅因湾附近的水域变暖）”可知，全球变暖导致了墨西哥湾流的转移。文章没有提到浮游植物导致全球变暖。故选C项。43．词义猜测题。
根据划线单词后面的部分“scientists know that ships hit the whales, or they go
t trapped in fishing gear（科学家们知道船只撞到了鲸鱼，或者鲸鱼被渔具困住了）”可知，科学家们一定是通过研
究鲸鱼的尸体，才知道船只撞到了鲸鱼，或者鲸鱼被渔具困住了，所以，划线单词“carcasses”的意义为“尸体”。故选A项。44．推
理判断题。根据第七段的最后一句“So, climate change both makes the whales’ food sh
orter and causes them to move to new places, making it harder to
protect them.（因此，气候变化既使鲸鱼的食物变少，又使它们迁移到新的地方，这使得保护它们变得更加困难）”和最后一段“G
lobal warming doesn’t only change the weather; it changes the oce
an. To protect ocean species and keep our oceans healthy, governm
ents need to adjust how they manage the ocean.（全球变暖不仅改变了天气；它改变了海洋
。为了保护海洋物种，保持海洋健康，政府需要调整他们管理海洋的方式）”可推论出，要拯救鲸鱼，政府应该采取措施减缓全球变暖。故选B项。
45．D 46．A 47．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了计算机和技术正在重塑我们大脑的功能，并说明了研究开
展的过程及意义。45．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Wegner believes the new findings show tha
t the Internet has become part of a transactive memory(交互记忆)sourc
e, a method by which our brains divide information. Transactive m
emory exists in many forms, as when a husband relies on his wife
to remember a relative’s birthday. ( Wegner认为，新的发现表明互联网已经成为交互式记忆源
的一部分，这是我们大脑划分信息的一种方法。交互记忆有多种形式，比如丈夫依靠妻子记住亲戚的生日)”推知，提到丈夫依靠妻子记住一个亲戚
生日的例子，是用一个熟悉的情况来说明交互记忆源的概念。故选D。46．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In one experiment,
participants demonstrated that they were more likely to think of
computer terms like “Yahoo” or “Google” after being asked a set
of difficult trivia questions. In another experiment, participant
s typed some statements into a computer and they were told the st
atements would be saved in specific folders. Next, they were aske
d to recall the statements. Finally, they were given cues to the
wording and asked to name the folders where the statements were s
tored. The participants proved better able to recall the folder l
ocations than the statements themselves.( 在一项实验中，参与者在被问及一系列复杂的琐事问
题后，他们更有可能想到“雅虎”或“谷歌”等计算机术语。在另一项实验中，参与者在电脑中输入一些语句，并被告知这些语句将被保存在特定的
文件夹中。接下来，他们被要求回忆这些陈述。最后，研究人员给他们提示，并要求他们说出存放这些语句的文件夹名称。事实证明，参与者能够更
好地回忆文件夹位置，而不是语句本身)”可知，从实验中我们知道，当被要求提供他们不熟悉的事实时，人们倾向于想到特定的信息源。故选A。
47．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的““Nobody knows now what the effects of these too
ls are on logical thinking.” (现在没有人知道这些工具对逻辑思维的影响)”以及“But he beli
eves that the situation overall is beneficial, comparing dependen
ce on computers to dependence on a mechanical hand (机械手).(但他认为，将对
电脑的依赖与对机械手的依赖进行比较，总体而言情况是有益的)”和最后一段中“And even though we may not b
e using our memories to recall distinct facts, we are still using
them to consider where the facts are located and how to access t
hem. “We still have to remember things,”Wegner explains. “We’re j
ust remembering a different range of things.”(尽管我们可能没有用记忆来回忆不同的事实
，但我们仍然在用它们来考虑事实的位置以及如何获取它们。“我们仍然需要记住一些事情，”韦格纳解释道。“我们只是记住了一系列不同的事情
。”)”可推知，对计算机的依赖并不一定会减少人类的记忆。故选A。48．A 49．G 50．E 51．C 5
2．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了日记的起源、用途及其演变过程。【详解】1. 从上句“The word “diary” c
omes from the Latin word “diarium”, which means “daily allowance”
.”（“diary”这个词来自拉丁语“ diarium”，意思是“每日津贴”。）可以看出这里是解释“diary”一词的来源，那么下
一句应该是给“diary”下的定义，选项A.“它指的是一本按日期写的书。”讲述了这个词的定义，符合题意。故选A。2.?根据前一句“
In America, from the 1940s through the 1980s, a diary was thought
of mostly as a way to privately express one’s deepest thoughts w
hile keeping notations about the day.”（在美国，从20世纪40年代到80年代，日记被认为是作
为一种方式来私下表达一个人内心深处的想法同时保留关于这一天的记录），G项“在那个时代，甚至在今天，写日记就像是给一个特别的朋友写信
。”中In those times对应前一句中的from the 1940s through the 1980s，故选G。3. 根
据下文“A diary kept by a young German Jewish girl by the name of Ann
e Frank provides us with invaluable lessons about history, for sh
e documented her experiences while she hid from the Nazis during
their occupation of the Netherlands in World War II. Her diary be
came one of the world’s most widely read books and is the basis f
or many films.”（一个名叫安妮·弗兰克的年轻德国犹太女孩的日记为我们提供了宝贵的历史教训，因为她记录了她在二战期间躲
避纳粹占领荷兰期间的经历。她的日记成为世界上最广泛阅读的书籍之一，也是许多电影的基础。）可知，讲述了德国犹太女孩安妮·弗兰克的日记
，她的日记成为了世界上最广泛阅读的书籍之一，也是很多部电影的基础。作为例子讲述了保留下来的个人的日记的历史意义，可知空处的内容应为
“在作者死后，那些私人的思考可能具有历史意义。”选项E.“这些个人的反思可能在作者死后很久仍具有历史意义。”切题，故选E。4. 根
据前文“Samuel Pepys, who lived during the 17th century, is the earli
est diary keeper that is famous today. His diary is also an impor
tant documentation of history, for it gives personal insight （洞察力
） into London’s Great Plague and the Great Fire. His diary is bei
ng published on the Internet, and it’s interesting to note that t
here has been a new entry every day since January of 2003. It wil
l continue over the course of several years to come. ”（塞缪尔·佩皮斯，生活
在17世纪，在今天是著名的，也是最早的日记记录者。他的日记也是一个重要的历史记录，因为它提供了个人对于伦敦的大瘟疫和大火的见解。他
的日记正在互联网上发表，有趣的是，自2003年1月以来，每天都有一个新的条目。这将在未来几年持续下去。）本段主要讲述生活在十七世纪
Samuel Pepys的日记的也是有历史意义的，因此可以推断阅读他的日记可以帮助我们可以更好地了解他的生活，选项C.“阅读他的日
记是很有趣的，这使得他的生活对我们来说更加真实。”承接前文，符合题意。故选C。5. 根据前文“Today’s electronic
version of the diary, the web log or “blog” has once again stret
ched the diary to be much more than a personal account of the day
’s events. There are blogs to document recipes, traveling, movies
, independent news, product announcements, photos, and anything e
lse that needs to be recorded over time. Search engines like Tech
norati. com have been created to keep track of the more than 112
million blogs that are currently public.”（今天的电子版本的日记，网络日志或“博客”再次延
伸到日记远远超过个人帐户的一天的事件。有博客记录食谱、旅游、电影、独立新闻、产品公告、照片以及其他任何需要随时间记录的东西。为了追
踪目前公开的超过1.12亿个博客，人们创建了像 Technorati.com 这样的搜索引擎。）本段介绍博客是日记的一种新形式，选
项B.“日记以最新的形式变得比以往任何时候都更受欢迎。”讲述了最新形式的日记模式更受大众欢迎，承接了前文，符合题意，故选B。【点睛
】七选五阅读题，有部分题出现在每一段的开始位置，若问题在段首 1.通常是段落主题句。认真阅读该段落，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关词
或者同义词，从而推测出主题句，找到答案。 2.与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查
找 相关特征词。一般来说正确答案与它后面的一句话的在意思上是衔接的，所以通常情况下，这两句话中会 有某种的衔接手段。3.段落间的过
渡句。这时要前瞻后望找到启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两
段内容连贯起来。48．E本段谈的是German Jewish girl by the name of Anne Frank的日记，
她的日记成为了世界上最广泛阅读的书籍之一，是很多部电影的基础。从该段内容可知，“那些个人回声在作者死后会对历史产生重大意义”。答案
为E。53．Because in recent years, the number of young people using s
ocial media has increased dramatically. 54．Young people’s impr
oper digital footprint may have an impact on cyberbullying and on
line harassment. Because frequent online expressions of offline b
ehaviours have introduced problems such as cyberbullying and onli
ne harassment. 55．I will use social media to stay connected wi
th my friends and exchange ideas with my teachers. Besides, I wil
l use social media to get knowledge.【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了社交媒体给青少年带
来的好处和弊端。53．考查细节理解。根据第一段关键句“In recent years, the number of young p
eople using social media has increased dramatically, so a large p
art of their social and emotional development is occurring while
they are on the Internet. (近年来，使用社交媒体的年轻人数量急剧增加，因此他们的社交和情感发展很大一部分
是在互联网上进行的。)”可知，年轻人的社交和情感发展很大一部分发生在互联网上是因为近年来，使用社交媒体的年轻人数量急剧增加。故答案
为Because in recent years, the number of young people using social
media has increased dramatically.54．考查推理判断。根据第三段的“Research also
indicates that there are frequent online expressions of offline b
ehaviours, which have introduced problems such as cyberbullying a
nd online harassment (骚扰). (研究还表明，线下行为经常在网上表达，导致了网络欺凌和网络骚扰等问题。)”可
知，人们经常在网上表达线下行为，这带来了网络欺凌和在线骚扰等问题，并不是“不当的数字足迹”会对网络欺凌和在线骚扰产生影响，由此可知
，句中“Young people’s improper digital footprint”是错误的，应改为“frequent online expressions of offline behaviours”，因为经常在网上表达线下行为带来了网络欺凌和在线骚扰等问题。故答案为Young people’s improper digital footprint may have an impact on cyberbullying and online harassment. Because frequent online expressions of offline behaviours have introduced problems such as cyberbullying and online harassment.55．开放性试题。根据第二段关键句“Social media allow young people to achieve online many of the tasks that are important to them offline: staying connected with friends and family, making new friends, and exchanging ideas. (社交媒体可以让年轻人在网上完成许多对他们来说很重要的任务：与朋友和家人保持联系，结交新朋友，交流想法。)”可知，社交媒体可以让年轻人在网上与朋友和家人保持联系，结交新朋友和交流想法等，由此可知，如果这学期你与学校的距离太远，你可以通过社交媒体与朋友保持联系，与老师交流想法或通过社交媒体获取知识等，答案不唯一，符合文意即可。故参考答案为I will use social media to stay connected with my friends and exchange ideas with my teachers. Besides, I will use social media to get knowledge.56．Dear Jim,I’m glad to know that you’ll take part in the “Studying in China” speech contest. I’d like to give you some suggestions.I recommend that you talk about the courses on Chinese traditional culture you’ve attended. The major reason is that they introduce the real treasure in human history. Besides, since you’ve taken the courses systematically, you’re sure to have a deep understanding of them.To do it well, I think you should choose impressive examples to gain the recognition of the judges. Moreover, you have to practice your spoken Chinese to express yourself more clearly and fluently. Speaking skills are also needed, for they can help maximize the effectiveness of your speech.I really hope my advice will be helpful. Wish you a great success.Yours,Li Hua【分析】本文是一篇开放类书面表达，要求考生把自己当成李华，交换生Jim将要参加“学在中国”留学生汉语演讲比赛，来信向你咨询。请给他写一封邮件，推荐演讲话题，说明推荐的理由并建议对方要做的具体准备。本文只给出大纲，需要考生自行组织要点内容，总体难度较大。【详解】第1步：审题。根据文字提示可知本文是一封电子邮件，要求考生给交换生Jim写一封邮件，推荐“学在中国”演讲比赛的话题，说明推荐的理由并建议对方要做的具体准备。全文以一般现在时为主。第2步：组织要点。（1）推荐一个演讲话题：中国传统文化；（2）推荐的理由：传统文化是人类历史的瑰宝；学习传统文化有助于理解中国历史；（3）准备工作：选择合适传统文化的例子；练习汉语口语和演讲技巧。第3步：根据提示及关键词组进行遣词造句，关键词为give some suggestions、recommend、Chinese traditional culture、the real treasure in human history、have a deep understanding of、choose impressive examples、practice your spoken Chinese等。写作时注意电子邮件的格式和惯用语。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】本篇范文结构完美，条理清晰。范文时态和人称运用准确，涵盖了文字提示要求的所有要点，且有适当的个人发挥。考生运用了多样式的句型结构，整篇文章富有变化并不死板。使用了较多的高级词汇和短语结构，如recommend、systematically、recognition、maximize the effectiveness等；尽量运用了丰富的句式，如定语从句和虚拟语气I recommend that you talk about the courses on Chinese traditional culture you’ve attended；表语从句The major reason is that they introduce the real treasure in human history.同时文章还运用了一些串联成分，如besides，这些串联词让各个要点更紧密地结合在一起。以上写作技巧的运用提升了文章的层次，显示了考生具有很强的驾驭语言的能力。答案第11页，共22页试卷第11页，共33页答案第11页，共22页试卷第11页，共33页 |
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