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Click on the blue text above follow GeneChic  放射性元素对身体的损伤 The damage of radioactive elements to the body  1911年居里夫人和丈夫贝克勒尔由于发现了镭，二次获得诺贝尔化学奖。镭这一闪闪发光的物质一经面世，便受到了追捧。人们痴迷于镭在夜光中发出的绿光，相信它有特殊的功效，将其添加于化妆品，日用品，甚至食品。 结果我们都知道，长期接触镭的工人首先遭殃，不少人皮肤溃烂，牙齿掉落，身患重病。那些长期使用镭产品的人，甚至死后骨头依然发出绿光。 人们这才逐渐意识到，放射性物质不仅不能治病，反而会成为健康的杀手。比如镭就会破坏骨骼结构，使原本坚硬的人骨变得脆弱，稍稍用力便会大面积骨折。 In 1911, Madame Curie and her husband Becquerel won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry twice for their discovery of radium. Radium, a sparkling substance, was sought after as soon as it was introduced. People are obsessed with the green light emitted by radium in the night light, believing that it has special effects and adding it to cosmetics, daily necessities, and even food. As a result, we all know that workers who have been exposed to radium for a long time suffer first, with many suffering from skin ulcers, falling teeth, and serious illnesses. Those who have been using radium products for a long time, even after death, their bones still emit green light. People are gradually realizing that radioactive substances not only cannot treat diseases, but also can become a health killer. For example, radium can damage bone structure, making previously hard human bones fragile, and a slight force can lead to widespread fractures.    什么是放射性？ What is radioactivity?   放射性物质对人体的损伤 可分为以下三大类 The damage caused by radioactive substances to the human body can be divided into the following three sorts  01 急性损伤 Acute injury  02 间接损伤 Indirect injury 03 长远的影响 Long term impact 好在人体本身对辐射有一定的耐受量 我们日常生活中也处处充满着辐射 低剂量的辐射不会对健康造成影响 对此我们不必过度焦虑 不过在生活中 我们依然应积极防范和应对核辐射 室内做好通风 降低室内氡气对人体的辐照 非必要不去有辐射的场所 在医院接受放射性检查时 应在医生帮助下做好防护 避免使用受到污染的食物和水 多吃紫菜和碘盐等含碘食物 切忌随意服用碘片 应在医生指导下使用 到家后立即清洗身上的灰尘 尤其在淋雨过后 要及时用肥皂洗澡 如出现长时间没有缓解的头晕乏力 失眠，溃疡，脱发，皮炎，呕吐，腹泻等 疑似放射病的症状 应及时就医 Fortunately, the human body itself has a certain tolerance for radiation, and our daily lives are also filled with radiation. Low doses of radiation do not have any impact on health, and we do not need to be overly anxious about it. However, in daily life, we should still actively prevent and respond to nuclear radiation. Indoor ventilation is frequently used to reduce the radiation of indoor radon on the human body. Do not go to places with radiation unless necessary. When undergoing a radiation test in a hospital, protection should be taken with the help of a doctor. Avoid using contaminated food and water, and eat more iodine containing foods such as seaweed and iodized salt. Do not take iodine tablets randomly and should be used under the guidance of a doctor. After arriving home, immediately clean the dust on your body, especially after getting wet, and take a shower with soap in a timely manner. If there are symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, ulcers, hair loss, dermatitis, vomiting, diarrhea, etc. that have not been relieved for a long time, and suspected radiation sickness, timely medical attention should be sought. |
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