【原】Windows中使用vagrant+virtual box创建Docker

本文简单介绍如何在Windows系统中使用vagrant+virtual box创建Docker环境

一、安装Vagrant

1. 访问vagrant官网Vagrant

2. 下载对应系统的Vagrant

3. 安装

4. 命令行输入vagrant，测试是否安装成功    

二、安装Virtual Box

1. 访问virtualbox官网Virtual Box

2. 选择左侧的downloads

3. 选择下载对应的操作系统版本

4. 安装

5. [win10中若出现]安装virtualbox快完成时立即回滚，并提示安装出现严重错误

(1)打开服务

(2)找到Device Install Service和Device Setup Manager，然后启动

(3)再次尝试安装

三、安装Centos7

1. 创建first-docker-centos7文件夹，并进入其中[目录路径中不要有中文字符]

2. 在此目录下打开cmd，运行vagrant init centos/7 此时会在当前目录下生成Vagrantfile

3. 运行vagrant up [注意不要运行，拉取远端的centos7太慢] 此时会找centos7的镜像，本地有就用本地的，本地没有就会拉取远端的

 4. 准备centos7的box

a. 下载centos box Centos7

b. 将下载好的文件放到指定目录

c. 运行vagrant box add centos/7 D:\迅雷下载\virtualbox.box

d. vagrant box list 查看本地的box[这时候可以看到centos/7] 

5. 在first-docker-centos7文件夹下创建Vagrantfile文件，文件内容如下：

# -*- mode: ruby -*-# vi: set ft=ruby :
# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what# you're doing.Vagrant.configure("2") do |config| # The most common configuration options are documented and commented below. # For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at # https://docs..
 # Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for # boxes at https:///search. config.vm.box = "centos/7"
 # Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then # boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs # `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended. # config.vm.box_check_update = false
 # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port # within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below, # accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine. # NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080
 # Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port # within the machine from a port on the host machine and only allow access # via 127.0.0.1 to disable public access # config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"
 # Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine # using a specific IP. # config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"
 # Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network. # Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on # your network.  config.vm.network "public_network"
 # Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is # the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is # the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third # argument is a set of non-required options. # config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"
 # Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various # backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options. # Example for VirtualBox: # config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|       vb.memory = "3000"       vb.name= "my-centos7"       vb.cpus= 2   end # # View the documentation for the provider you are using for more # information on available options.
 # Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as # Puppet, Chef, Ansible, Salt, and Docker are also available. Please see the # documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use. # config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL #   apt-get update #   apt-get install -y apache2 # SHELLend

6. 根据本地的centos7 box创建虚拟机：

vagrant up[打开virtual box，可以发现centos7创建成功]

                

7. vagrant基本操作                  

(1)vagrant ssh 进入刚才创建的centos7中

(2)vagrant status 查看centos7的状态

(3)vagrant halt 停止centos7

(4)vagrant destroy 删除centos7

(5)vagrant status 查看当前vagrant创建的虚拟机

(6)Vagrantfile中也可以写脚本命令，使得centos7更加丰富 但是要注意，修改了Vagrantfile，要想使正常运行的centos7生效，必须使用vagrant reload

至此，使用vagrant+virtualbox搭建centos7完成，后面可以修改Vagrantfile对虚拟机进行相应配置

8. 通过vagrant ssh可以进入虚拟机：

9. 通过ip a命令查看当前虚拟机的IP地址：

10. 修改root账号的password:

11. vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config 修改PasswordAuthentication yes

12. systemctl restart sshd

13. 现在就可以通过root账号登陆虚拟机了

四、box的打包分发

1. 退出虚拟机 vagrant halt

2. 打包 vagrant package --output first-docker-centos7.box

3. 得到first-docker-centos7.box

4. 将first-docker-centos7.box添加到其他的vagrant环境中 vagrant box add first-docker-centos7 first-docker-centos7.box

5. 得到Vagrantfile vagrant init first-docker-centos7

6. 根据Vagrantfile启动虚拟机 vagrant up [此时可以得到和之前一模一样的环境，但是网络要重新配置]

五、安装docker

1. 进入centos7 虚拟机

2. 卸载之前的docker

sudo yum remove docker \                  docker-client \                  docker-client-latest \                  docker-common \                  docker-latest \                  docker-latest-logrotate \                  docker-logrotate \                  docker-engine

3. 安装必要的依赖

sudo yum install -y yum-utils \  device-mapper-persistent-data \  lvm2

4. 设置docker仓库

sudo yum-config-manager \    --add-repo \    https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

5. 添加阿里云镜像阿里云镜像

sudo mkdir -p /etc/dockersudo tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'{  "registry-mirrors": ["https://ns2jtf98.mirror."]}EOF

6. 安装docker

sudo yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

7. 启动docker

sudo systemctl start docker && sudo systemctl enable docker

8. 测试docker是否安装成功

sudo docker run hello-world