分裂句(cleft
sentence) 分裂句(cleft sentence)是一种表示强调的特殊句型,其结构是It is/was…that/who…。在这里,it是一个结构词(作形式主语),辅助构成这种特殊句型。分裂句的主要信息由is/was后面的表语和is/was后面的从句表示。 分裂句通常也不用来强调谓语动词;如果一定要强调谓语动词,可以用what从句作主语,用do作从句的谓语从句,而把要强调的谓语动词变成不定式、-ing分词或者过去分词作表语。 这种句式,也可以用来强调其他成分。 John likes gin 约翰喜欢杜松子酒。 →What John likes
is gin.
(=It is gin that John likes.) 结构分析:What Joh是主语从句,is是谓语动词,现在一般时,gin是名词,作表语。 My right leg hurts. 我右腿疼。 →What hurts is my right leg. 结构分析:What hurts是主语,is是谓语动词,现在一般时,my right
leg是名词词组,作表语。 She gave me a big dictionary. 她给了我一本大词典。 →What she gave me
was a big
dictionary. 结构分析:What she gave me是主语从句,was是谓语动词,过去一般时,a big dictionary是名词词组,作表语。 They are generous. 他们真大方。 →What they are is generous.(不能说*It is generous that they are.) 结构分析:What they are是主语从句,is是谓语动词,现在一般时,generous是形容词,作表语。 My math teacher
asked me to work harder. 数学老师让我更加努力。 →What my math
teacher asked me to do was to work harder. 结构分析:What my math teacher asked me to do是主语从句,was是谓语动词,过去一般时,to work harder是动词不定式词组,作表语。 |
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