凤凰古城

各位朋友：

大家好！欢迎来到国家历史文化名城凤凰古城参观游览。凤凰是典型的少数民族聚集区，   居住着苗族、汉族、土家族等 28 个名族。城内的古代城楼、明清古院和石板小街现在仍是风采依然；城外有南华山国家森林公园、唐代修建的黄丝桥古城至今仍保存完好。这里不但风景秀美，而且人杰地灵。中华民国第一任内阁总理熊希龄、著名作家沈从文和著名画家黄永玉都是凤凰人。《边城》、《湘女萧萧》、《湘西剿匪记》等十多部影视剧也曾在这里拍摄。

这里就是我国著名作家和考古学家沈从文先生的故居。沈从文故居是他的祖父沈洪富于清朝同治元年所建。是一座典型的南方四合古院。1902 年沈先生诞生在这里，并在此度过了他的童年和少年时期。1919 年，沈先生来到北京开始了从文的艰苦生涯，创作了《边城》、

《湘西》等一系列文学作品，蜚声中国文坛，并写出了惊世之作《中国古代服饰研究》。他的作品与人品表现出了强烈的一致：自然、厚朴、谦逊、勤奋、博大而凝重。故居的小天井   用红色的方石板铺成，天井四周为砖木建筑古屋，正屋为三间、厢房四间。虽无雕龙画凤但   小巧别致古色古香，特别是这种雕花木窗很能体现湘西特色格外引人注目，沈先生一生所创   作的 500 多万字的作品，是世界的文学瑰宝，给后人研究旧中国和旧湘西留下了宝贵的历史资料。

这里是熊希龄先生的故居。熊先生担任过中华民国第一任内阁总理，虽时间不长但名声赫赫，1870 年他出生在这里。15 岁中秀才、22 岁中举人、25 岁中进士。晚晴时期熊先生积极主张维新变法，曾创办《湘报》、时务学堂和常德西路师范学校，后出任东三省财政监理官、热河都统、财政总长等职务，1913 年就任中华民国第一任政府总理，当时的这一任政府被舆论界称为“才子内阁”。后因熊先生反对袁世凯独裁，被迫解散内阁，辞去总理职务。 1937 年病故于香港。大家看正屋门口的这幅对联，这是蔡元培先生为熊先生写的挽联“宦海倦游环山小试慈幼院,鞠躬尽瘁救世惜无老子军”赞扬了先生一生勤政爱民，关爱民生的高尚品德，熊希龄是中华民族的优秀儿子，先生留给我们的财富不仅是他聪明的才智，渊博的知识勇于拼搏的毅力，更重要的是爱国为民、慈善救人的高尚美德、教民育才的宝贵精神。

现在大家看到的是虹桥，虹桥又称风雨楼始建于明朝洪武年前后经过很多次维修，重新  装修的风雨楼在原有建筑风格上更为完善，清幽雅致古色古香。

这是沈从文的墓地。进入墓区首先看到的是四个大字“兴废周知”这是民国大总统黎元洪的手记，往上则是黄永玉先生为悼念沈先生题写的铭文：“一个士兵要不战死沙场，便是回到故乡。”沈从文先生墓地没有隆起的土堆，只有一块原始的五彩石矗立山间；成为他与众不同的墓碑。这里没有雕栏玉砌的装饰物，只有一条放牧、打柴的石板小路横贯其间，象征着沈老永远与古城人民在一起。沈先生的骨灰一部分洒在沱江里，一部分留在北京八宝山，   一部分留在凤凰县城的故居，还有一部分葬在五彩石下，他就像面前这条沱江，发源于大地又回归大地；五彩石的正面刻着沈老的座右铭“照我思索，能理解我；照我思索，可认识人。” 正是这样一种信念，使沈先生舍弃升官发财的从军道路，选择了清苦的从文生涯；也是这样一种信念，使他挥动了那如椽巨笔，将湘西人介绍给世界。

墓碑的背面，刻写着沈先生妻妹张允和女士所写铭文： “不折不从，星斗其文；亦慈亦让，赤子其人。”  这四句话最后一个字连起来实际上就是沈老一生的写照“从文让人”，也就是这样最终他成为了世界著名的湘土文学大师。好了，我的讲解就到这儿了，希望凤凰能   给大家留下一个美好的印象，有机会再相聚凤凰，谢谢大家！

Phoenix Ancient City

Dear friends

Hello everyone! Welcome to visit the national historical and cultural city of Phoenix Ancient City. Fenghuang is a typical gathering area for ethnic minorities, inhabited by 28 ethnic groups including Miao, Han, and Tujia. The ancient city towers, Ming and Qing ancient courtyards, and stone streets in the city still have their charm today; Outside the city, there is the Nanhua Mountain National Forest Park and the ancient city of Huangsi Bridge, built in the Tang Dynasty, which is still well preserved to this day. This place not only boasts beautiful scenery, but also boasts outstanding people and a beautiful land. The first Prime Minister of the Republic of China, Xiong Xiling, famous writer Shen Congwen, and famous painter Huang Yongyu, were all Phoenix people. More than ten film and television dramas, such as "Border Town", "Xiao Xiao, a Xiangnu", and "The Story of Suppressing Bandits in Xiangxi", have also been filmed here.

This is the former residence of Mr. Shen Congwen, a famous Chinese writer and archaeologist. Shen Congwen's former residence was built by his grandfather Shen Hongfu in the first year of the Tongzhi reign of the Qing Dynasty. It is a typical southern quadrangle ancient courtyard. Mr. Shen was born here in 1902 and spent his childhood and adolescence there. In 1919, Mr. Shen came to Beijing and began a difficult career in literature, creating "Border Town"

A series of literary works such as "Xiangxi" have gained popularity in the Chinese literary world, and they have written the groundbreaking work "Research on Ancient Chinese Costume". His works and character show a strong consistency: natural, simple, humble, diligent, broad and dignified. The small courtyard of the former residence is paved with red square stone slabs. The courtyard is surrounded by ancient brick and wood buildings, with three main rooms and four side rooms. Although there are no carved dragons and painted phoenixes, it is small and unique, with an antique charm. Especially, this type of carved wooden window can reflect the characteristics of Xiangxi, which is particularly eye-catching. Mr. Shen's works of over 5 million words created throughout his life are a literary treasure of the world, leaving valuable historical materials for future generations to study old China and Xiangxi.

This is Mr. Xiong Xiling's former residence. Mr. Xiong served as the first Prime Minister of the Republic of China, although not for a long time, he has a great reputation. He was born here in 1870. At the age of 15, he became a scholar, at the age of 22, he passed the imperial examination, and at the age of 25, he passed the imperial examination. During the late Qing Dynasty, Mr. Xiong actively advocated for reform and had founded the Xiang Daily, the Current Affairs School, and the Changde West Road Normal School. He later served as the Financial Supervisory Officer of the Eastern Three Provinces, the Commander in Chief of Rehe, and the Chief of Finance. In 1913, he became the first Prime Minister of the Republic of China, and this government was known as the "Cabinet of Talents" by the public opinion community. Later, due to Mr. Xiong's opposition to Yuan Shikai's dictatorship, he was forced to dissolve the cabinet and resign from his position as prime minister. He passed away in Hong Kong in 1937. Everyone, take a look at the couplet at the entrance of the main house. This is a eulogy written by Mr. Cai Yuanpei for Mr. Xiong, titled "Tired Tour of the Official Sea Around the Mountains, Little Trial of the Kindergarten, Devoted to Saving the World and Cherishing the Old Soldier's Army". It praises Mr. Xiong's noble character of being diligent in politics, loving the people, and caring for the people throughout his life. Xiong Xiling is the outstanding son of a Chinese ethnic group. The wealth left by Mr. Xiong is not only his intelligence, profound knowledge, and perseverance in fighting, but more importantly, his patriotism and dedication to the people The noble virtue of saving people through charity and the precious spirit of educating the people and nurturing talents.

What you see now is Hongqiao, also known as Fengyu Tower, which was first built around the Hongwu year of the Ming Dynasty. After many repairs, the renovated Fengyu Tower is more perfect in its original architectural style, elegant and antique.

This is Shen Congwen's cemetery. The first thing you see when entering the tomb area is the four big characters "Xing Fei Zhou Zhi". This is the handwritten note of the President of the Republic of China, Li Yuanhong. Above it is an inscription written by Mr. Huang Yongyu to mourn Mr. Shen: "If a soldier dies in battle, he will return to his hometown." Mr. Shen Congwen's tomb has no raised mound, only a primitive colorful stone standing in the mountains; Becoming his unique tombstone. There are no carved railings or jade decorations here, only a stone path for grazing and firewood cutting runs through it, symbolizing that Shen Lao will always be with the people of the ancient city. Part of Mr. Shen's ashes were scattered in the Tuojiang River, some were left at Babaoshan in Beijing, some were left at his former residence in Fenghuang County, and some were buried under colorful stones. He was like the Tuojiang River in front of him, originating from the earth and returning to it; The front of the five colored stone is engraved with Shen Lao's motto, "If you think about me, you can understand me; if you think about me, you can get to know people." It is precisely this belief that led Mr. Shen to abandon the path of promotion and wealth in the military and choose a humble career in literature; It is also such a belief that made him wave his giant pen like a rafter to introduce the people of Xiangxi to the world.

On the back of the tombstone, there is an inscription written by Mr. Shen's wife, sister Zhang Yun, and lady: "If you don't bend, don't follow, the stars will write their own text; if you are kind, also give in, you will be a child." The last word of these four sentences, combined, is actually a portrayal of Mr. Shen's life as "giving in to people through literature". In this way, he eventually became a world-renowned master of Hunan literature. Alright, that's all for my explanation. I hope Phoenix can leave a good impression on everyone and have the opportunity to meet Phoenix again. Thank you all!