1.Jacksaidtome,“Youlookworriedtoday.”Jacktoldmeth
at___worried___.A.helooks…today
B.youlook…today
C.welooked…thatdayD.Ilooked…thatday
DChoosethebestanswer.2.Wesaidtoher,“They’rewalking
throughthestreetnow.”Wetoldherthat____throughthe
street___.A.
wewerewalking…thenB.youarewalking…now
C.theywerewalking…thenD.theywalk
ing…nowC3.MrBlacksaid,“Ihavewalkedalongwaythi
sweek.”MrBlacksaidthat___alongway___.A.Ihad
walked…lastweekB.hehadwalked…thatweek
C.Iwalked…lastweekD.hehaswalked…t
hisweekB4.Themanthought,“Ishalltakeitbacktomorr
ow.”Themanthoughtthat____takeitback____.
A.Ishall…tomorrow
B.Ishall…thenextdayC.hes
hould…tomorrowD.hewould…thenextdayD5.
Theysaidtous,“Areyouafraidtoleavethishouse?”
Theyaskedus____afraidtoleave_____house.
A.thatwerewe…thisB.
thatwewere…thatC.ifwerewe…this
D.ifwewere…thatD6.Janesaid,“Whatdidhehearab
outaweekago?”Janeasked____about_____.
A.thatheheard…aweekagoB.whathehadheard…the
weekbeforeC.whathehadherd…aweekagoD.ifheheard…the
weekagoB7.Sheasked,“Whosehousewillhebreakinton
exttime?”Sheaskedwhosehouse____breakinto_____.
A.willhe…nexttime
B.wouldhe…thenexttimeC.hewould…th
enexttimeD.hewill…nexttimeC8.Jacksaidtohe
r,“Wheredoyouspendyourholidays?”
Jackaskedherwhere____holidays.A.shespenther
B.youspendyourC.shespendherD.youspentyour
A9.Blackaskedme,“Whyhaven’tyoulefthereyet?”B
lackaskedmewhy____yet.A.Ihadn’tleftthere
B.Ihaven’tlefthere
C.hadn’tIleftthereD.haven’t
IlefthereA10.Theteacheraskedher,“Doesthesu
nriseintheeast?”Theteacheraskedher___the
sun___intheeast.A.if…rise
B.if…risesC.whethe
r…roseD.whetherdid…riseB
１１.Theteacheraskedus____somuchnoise.A.don’tmake
B.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomake１２.V
isitors____nottotouchtheexhibits.A.willrequest
B.requestC.arerequestingD.arerequestedDDGramm
arDirectandIndirectSpeechⅠ直接引语:直接引用别人的话,把它放在引号内。(direct
speech)间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话。(indirectspeech)Iamabeautifulgirl
.Shesaidthatshewasabeautifulgirl.Whatdidthegirlsay?
转述他人的陈述→陈述句SheaskedmewhatIwasdoing.Shesaid,“I’mgoing
toBeijing.”ShesaidthatshewasgoingtoBeijing.Heasked,“A
reyouadoctor?”Heaskedmeif/whetherIwasadoctor.Sheask
ed,“Whatareyoudoing?”2.转述他人的疑问→一般疑问句3.转述他人的问题→特殊疑问句4.请求或命
令他人→祈使句“CouldIuseyourbathroom“saidTomTomtoldmeto
usemybathroomDirectspeechIndirectspeechSentencestruct
urestatementsay/tellsb.(that)+从句一般疑问句ask/wonderwhether/
if+陈述句语序特殊疑问句ask/wonderwh-word+陈述句语序祈使句(表请求)Aask
Bto/nottodosth
（表命令）AtoldBto/nottodos
th陈述句用连词that引导,that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said,也可用told来代替,注意
,可以说saidthat,saidtosb.that,toldsb.that,不可直接说toldthat。
直接引语变成间接引语,句子结构的变化Hesaid,“IhavebeentoJapan.”Hesaidto
usthathehadbeentoJapan.Shesaid,“I''llgiveyouanexam
tomorrow.”Shetoldusthatshewouldgiveusanexamtomorrow.
陈述句解题步骤:“Idon’tlikecomputers,”Sarahsaidtoherfriendsfri
ends.Sarahsaidtoherfriendsthat(Idon’tlikecomputers.)
didn’tsheSarahsaidtoherfriendsthatshedidn’tlikecomput
ers.间接引语用连词whether或if引导,原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等),语序
是陈述句的语序。一般疑问句Tomsaid,“DoyouhaveanydifficultywithEnglis
h?”Tomasked(me)whether/ifIhadanydifficultywithEnglish
.Hesaid,“YouareinterestedinEnglish,aren’tyou?”Heas
kedwhetherIwasinterestedinEnglish.一般疑问句解题步骤:Isiteasyt
oimprovetheconditionofthesoil?(Theyaskedhim)Theyaske
dhimifItiseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.(itis
easytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.)askediswasTheya
skedhimifitwaseasytoimprovetheconditionofthesoil.原来的
疑问词作为间接引语的连词,主句的谓语动词用ask(sb.)来表达,语序改为陈述句语序。特殊疑问句Hesaidto
me,“Whereareyoufrom?”HeaskedmewhereIwasfrom.Heas
kedus,“Howmanyfactoriesarethereinyourcountry?”Heaske
dushowmanyfactoriestherewereinourcountry.特殊疑问句解题步骤：W
hendoyouharvestthewheat?(Theyaskedhim)Theyaskedhim
Whenyouharvestthewheat(youharvestthewheat.)heharvested
Theyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.Heasked,“Doyouspe
akEnglishorChinese?”HeaskedmewhetherIspokeEnglishor
Chinese.Iasked,“Willyoutakebusoronfoot?”Iaskedhim
whetherhewouldtakebusoronfoot.用whether…or…表达(不用if/eith
er…or…)选择疑问句祈使句的间接引语—采用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。told/asked/ordered?sb.
(not)todosth.祈使句的直接引语和间接引语如果祈使句是表示请求,间接引语的动词常用ask;如果是表示命令
,间接引语的动词常用tell,order,command等。直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)祈使句Theo
fficersaidtohim,“Don’tleaveyourpost.”不定式Theofficerorde
redhimnottoleavehispost.直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)Let’s开头的祈使句I
saidtohim,“Let’sstartatonce.”that引导的宾语从句Isuggestedto
himthatwe(should)startatonce.Hesaid,“Let’sgotothefil
m.”→Hesuggestedgoingtothefilm.或Hesuggestedthattheysho
uldgotoseethefilm.直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句,变为间接引语时,通常
用“suggest+动句词(或从句)”。如:直接引语(变化前)间接引语(变化后)感叹句Hesaid:“How
happyIam!”that/what/how引导的宾语从句Hesaidthathewasvery
happy.Hesaidhowhappyhewas.感叹句直引:主语+动词+“感叹句”间引:主语+动
词+陈述句e.g.Hesaid,“Whatafinedayitis!”→Hesaid,“Howfin
ethedayis!”Hesaidwhatafinedayitwas.Hesaidh
owfinethedaywas.Heexclaimedthatitwasafineday.在
直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化1.注意引导词的变化2.注意人称和指示代词变化。3.注意时态的变化4.注意时间和地
点的变化５.注意个别趋向动词的变化直接引语directspeech间接引语indirectspeech一般现在时
一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时过去完成时过去完成时
DirectSpeechIndirectSpeechPronouns第一人称第三人称第二人称第一或第三人称th
isthatthesethoseDirectSpeechIndirectSpeech时间状语nowthent
odaythatdayyesterdaythedaybeforethisweek/monththatweek/
monthlastweek/monththatweek/monthbeforethreedaysagothree
daysbeforetomorrowthenextday/thefollowingday地点状语heret
hereDirectSpeechIndirectSpeech方向性动词comegobringtakeb
orrowlendHesaidhe…playsfootballisplayinghasplayedplay
edwillplayhadplayedplayedfootballwasplayinghadplayedha
dplayedwouldplayhadplayedAttention:Whendirectspeechisa
bout:a)atruth真理
b)atimetable时间表c)asaying/proverb/quotation格言/引用语d)A
nadverbialindicatingthepast过去的时间状语Therearesomecases
inwhichwedon’tneedtochangethetenseinindirectspeech.
Hesaid,“theearthgoesaroundthesun.”2.Hesaid,“Thetrai
nleavesat7:30p.m.”3.Hesaid,“Romeisn’tbuiltinaday.”
4.Tomsaid,“IwasborninJuly,1978.”Changedirectspeechint
oindirectspeech:Hesaidthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.He
saidthatthetrainleavesat7:30p.m.HesaidthatRomeisn’tb
uiltinaday.TomsaidhewasborninJuly,1978.5.Hesaid,“I
’mafraidIcan’tfinishthiswork.”6.Hesaid,“Ihaven’theard
fromhimsinceMay.”7.Tomsaid“Iwillseeyounextweek.”Hesaidthathewasafraidhecouldn’tfinishthatwork.Hesaidthathehadn’theardfromhimsinceMay.Tomsaidthathewouldseemethenextweek.8.“Whywereyoulateagain?”Theteachersaidtome.9.“HaveyoubeentoParis?”Myclassmateaskedme.10.HisfriendsaskedhimifhewouldgotoDalian.TheteacheraskedmewhyIwaslateagain.Hisfriendsaskedhim,“WillyougotoDalian?”MyclassmateaskedmeifIhadbeentoParis. |
|
