企業的起源與創業精神創業與創業精神實現創業價值的過程創業精神參與新事業的形成、發展與成長的心境」,小至一個新產品、一個新課程,到一 個新事業單位(營利或非營利)、如雲門,一個新系所的開創,皆是在不確定、有風險、資源不足的情境下,摸著石頭過河創業精神:創新/積 極/冒險創業家精神與風險創業家透過創新的經營觀念或邏輯,運用創新的經營方法或手段,創造出社會大眾所需的新產品或新服務形態 ,據以創造出新產業形態、或引發其他廠商跟進參與經營的事業家(entrepreneur)。具有獨到、且新的事業經營眼光洞察消費者 需求、引領潮流趨勢能吸引資金與人力加入創業活動勇於承擔新事業經營之成敗風險動動腦創業與個人特質相關?偉人學派(天生 興俱,生意頭腦)/心理學派(強型創業需求)管理/領導學派(規劃.組織.領導.控制)創業活動與價值創造戴爾(Dell) 電腦—新的產銷模式傳統銷售模式:製造商(IBM)?經銷商?零售商?顧客前提:無知的顧客,需要由製造商提供商品組合,並由通路提 供銷售服務MichaelDell的想法:把電腦直接銷售到使用者手上,去除零售商的利潤剝削,省下來的錢回饋給消費者19 84,1月(大學宿舍),登記公司(PCsLimited),報紙分類廣告?銷售升級配備.升級套件.周邊配備1984,5月,改名D ell電腦,1千美元資本額直接模式—接單生產:電話拜訪.面對面溝通.網路工讀生總裁個案創業需要哪些資源?創業需要哪些活動? 市場機會市場選擇:產品特色/消費者需求/市場規模/競爭者數目/技術門檻/規模經濟/競爭優勢技術—產品研發?價值創造客戶( 誰是客戶?如何接觸?如何獲得認可?)資金人才工讀生總裁個案創業不再是黑手起家,也不再是單打獨鬥,以下的組織或個人扮演什 麼角色:創業團隊?技術.資金.管理穩懋副董事長—新創企業的董事會?資金.客戶.資訊Aplix國際券商分析師?資本市場操緃者 Nokia,Sony-Eriksson,Ben-Q?客戶.訂單來源.共同研發麥肯錫?創業者的網絡關係影響創業的成功:董 事會.創業投資基金.銷售關係.生產供應關係.合作關係趨勢科技—張明正天生不安現狀,勇於追求改變第份工作以學習創業為首要目的 ,以創業型小公司為起跑點回台灣貼近市場.了解客戶1983創立華夏資訊,開發中文資料庫系統1985娛樂界-KTV1986出售 華夏資訊1988趨勢科技(洛杉磯.台北)創業模式:趨勢經營亞洲市場,歐美市場依賴英特爾網路應用部門(5百萬美元軟體智慧權利金) 創業投資基金台灣創業投資基金是以公司型態成立資金來源主要為國內的產業界、財團、上市公司、銀行、保險業、證券業、富有的個人以 及國外的個人及法人機構等設立的要求:實收資本額達新台幣二億元以上,且需經過財政部專案審查,特許核准後始可設立國外創投基金之資 金來源主要來自於各類型的退休基金及其他相關金融機構台灣創投投資產業別-2003創業活動的展開創業家精神與創業活動展開創業 與企業活動展開動動腦如何維持價值?克服他人的競爭/模仿??專利商業機密複雜的組織.制度.流程組合策略聯盟 一枝獨秀的產品?創業精神的落實創業家的創業冒險精神:?在不確定的情境下,(1)機會的辨認,此可以發現別人所看不到的機會。(2 )集結資源,當你發現此機會時,需要資源。但又因自己手邊的資源不夠,所以必須在已告知其風險的情況下,還能說服和動員他人來集結資源。( 3)組織團隊以便領導與實現目標。發展團隊的創業行為:?一個多功能的團隊能在急速成長及多重頓挫下來共同運作。支撐基礎的創業文 化:?社會(區)的主要成員對於創業的信念、承諾與價值觀之支持與肯定,並且有政策與資源的支持,整個社會有可以容忍失敗、鼓勵創新之觀念 的話,較容易實現與貫穿此創業精神来自www.3722.cn中国最大的资料库下载来自www.3722.cn中国最 大的资料库下载創業風險資源風險技術風險時間風險市場風險 創業家精神強烈使命感適度風險偏好追求成功的自信心旺盛活 力實現理想之熱情前瞻觀察力資源與人力之組織能力資源風險:資源有限,能否持續創業活動技術風險:技術開發是否能成功?技術是否 被模仿?時間風險:創業活動是否符合市場時機市場風險:產品開發是否符合市場需求?新產品、新服務、新業態發現投資機會獲得所需 資源說服投資者參與組織新企業承擔經營風險生產要素或資源市場新功能新組合新包裝新創意消費市場功能/品質價格 新產品新生產方法新材料運用新市場拓展價值曲線ABBrowseAllProducts ServiceContractsPCSecurityDellRecyclingDellFinancin gHighSpeedInternetAccessBuyOnlineorCal l1-800-915-3355????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????WithDellPreferredAccount forwell-qualifiedcustomers.LimitedTimeOffer!?????????? ???????????????Withmail-inrebateandpurchaseofanewDellP C.???OfferDetailsTheHome&HomeOfficesite andofferscontainedhereinvalidonlyforendusersandnotfor resellersand/oronlineauctions.Pricing,specifications,availa bilityandtermsofoffersmaychangewithoutnotice.Taxes,fees andshippingchargesextra,andvary.U.S.DellHomeSystemsCo. newpurchasesonly.Limitof5systemspercustomerplease.Dell cannotberesponsibleforpricingorothererrors,andreserves therighttocancelordersarisingfromsucherrors.1?Financin gofferedbyCITBanktoqualifiedU.S.residents.Taxes,feesan dshippingchargesareextraandvary.Minimummonthlypaymentis greaterof$15or3%ofyouraccountbalance.2?Forharddrives ,GBmeans1billionbytes;actualcapacityvarieswithpreloaded materialandoperatingenvironmentandwillbeless.3?Youcan getacopyofourlimitedwarrantiesandguaranteesbywritingDe llUSALP,Attn:Warranties,OneDellWay,RoundRock,TX78682. Topurchasewarrantyonlyorforinformationonotherserviceopt ionspleasecall1-800-915-3355orvisitwww.dell4me.com/termsand conditions.4?At-homeoron-siteserviceprovidedviathird-part ycontractwithcustomer.Technicianwillbedispatchedifnecess aryfollowingphone-basedtroubleshooting,oftenthenextbusines sday.Availabilityvaries.Otherconditionsapply.Copy right1999-2004DellInc.Forcustomersofthe50UnitedStatesa ndtheDistrictofColumbiaonly.SiteTerms|TermsandConditio nsofSale|PrivacyPolicy|AboutDell|ContactUs|SiteMap LargeText?????snS28BrowsebyCategoryQuickP athsAfterYourPurchaseQuickLinks??Home&HomeOffic eUSA?Search?AdvancedSearch??PurchaseHelp??????Serv ice&Support??????Electronics&Accessories??????Pr inters??????Notebooks??????Desktops?????ContactU s?????MyOrderStatus??????MyCart??????MyA ccount?????DellrecommendsMicrosoft??Windows??XPProfess ional?????BACKTO:?USA?>?Home&HomeOffice?>?FeaturedDesktops ?????PrintableVersion???NoInterestUntilApril2005!With DellPreferredAccountforwell-qualifiedcustomers.LimitedTime Offer!???OfferDetails??????????????????Speci alOffers???????FREEDoubleHardDriveUpgrade!With purchaseofanewDimensiondesktop.???OfferDetails?? FREEShipping!WithANYPCorderover$649(beforetaxandmail- inrebate).???OfferDetails??FREEFlatPanelMonitorUp gradeonAllDesktops!GetaFREEFlatPanelMonitorUpgradewith ANYnewDimensiondesktoppurchase.???OfferDetails??D imension3000XPHome,512MBMemory,Dell425Speakers&3yearS erviceDimension3000XPHome,512MBMemory&2yearService Dimension3000EssentialTechnologyonaBudgetDimension24 00EntryLevelPC??????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????????????????????????? ??????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????As lowas?$26/month1???????????????ApplyNow???LearnMoreWh yshouldIapply?Aslowas?$20/month1???????????????App lyNow???LearnMoreWhyshouldIapply?Aslowas?$17/month1 ???????????????ApplyNow???LearnMoreWhyshouldIapply? Aslowas?$16/month1???????????????ApplyNow???LearnMo reWhyshouldIapply?Dimension3000XPHome,512MBMemo ry,Dell425Speakers&3yearServiceDimension3000XPHome, 512MBMemory&2yearServiceDimension3000EssentialTechno logyonaBudgetDimension2400EntryLevelPC????????????? ??????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????????????????????????????????? ?????????????$519$469After$50Mail-InRebate!RebateD etails$549$499After$50Mail-InRebate!RebateDetails $649$599After$50Mail-InRebate!RebateDetails$859$ 759After$50Mail-in-Rebate!OfferDetailsAfter$50OFFInstant ly!OfferDetailsIntel?Celeron?DProcessor320(2.40GHz,533F SB)Processor/DisplaIntel?Celeron?DProcessor320(2.40GHz,53 3FSB)Processor/DisplayMicrosoft?Windows?XPHomeEditionwith ServicePack2OperatingSystemMicrosoft?Windows?XPHomeEdit ionwithServicePack2OperatingSystemMicrosoft?Windows?XPH omeEditionwithServicePack2OperatingSystemMicrosoft?Windo ws?XPHomeEditionwithServicePack2OperatingSystem256MBSh aredDDRSDRAMat333MHz(Performsat266MHzfor400FSBsystems) Memory256MBDDRSDRAMat400MHzMemory512MBDualChannelDDRSD RAMat400MHzMemory512MBDualChannelDDRSDRAMat400MHzMemor yFREEUPGRADE!80GB2UltraATA/100HardDrive(7200RPM)HardDr iveFREEUPGRADE!80GB2UltraATA/100HardDrive(7200RPM)Hard DriveFREEUPGRADE!80GB2UltraATA/100HardDrive(7200RPM)Har dDriveFREEUPGRADE!80GB2UltraATA/100HardDrive(7200RPM)H ardDriveFREEUPGRADE!15in(15.0inviewable)E153FPFlatPane lDisplayMonitorFREEUPGRADE!15in(15.0inviewable)E153FPF latPanelDisplayMonitorsFREEUPGRADE!15in(15.0inviewable) E153FPFlatPanelDisplayMonitorsFREEUPGRADE!15in(15.0in viewable)E153FPFlatPanelDisplayMonitorsSingleDrive:48XCD -ROMDriveCDorDVDDriveSingleDrive:48XCD-ROMDriveCDorD VDDriveSingleDrive:48XCD-ROMDriveCDorDVDDriveSingleDr ive:48XCD-ROMDriveCDorDVDDrive90DayWarranty3,90DayAt -HomeService4,and1YrTechnicalSupportLimitedWarranty,Servi cesandSupportOptions90DayWarranty3,90DayAt-HomeService4 ,and1YrTechnicalSupportLimitedWarranty,ServicesandSuppor tOptions2YrLtdWarranty3,2YrAt-HomeService4,and2YrTechni calSupportLimitedWarranty,ServicesandSupportOptions3YrLt dWarr,At-HomeService4,andTechSupportplusNightsandWeekends LimitedWarranty,ServicesandSupportOptions?????????? ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????BACKTO:?USA?>?Home&HomeOffice?>?FeaturedDesktopsTop???創業家的眼光:洞察需求的眼光洞察進步的眼光洞察產品價值的眼光前瞻的眼光創業決心行動展開建構永續經營基礎機會確認活用資源方法創新市場開發技術創新產品發展價值創造新創事業newventure獨資經營合資/合夥授權或結盟加盟連鎖系統內部創業intrapreneur創業精神entrepreneurship求新求變的精神永不滿足的精神競爭的精神堅持到底的精神拓荒的精神創業者entrepreneur創業資源投入資金人力資源經營管理系統資源配置作業程序管理制度創業活動展開產品市場開發創業理念散播拓展事業規模創業目標組織制度流程分工領導授權策略計畫目標控制評估績效行銷、生產、研發、人事、財務、資訊 |
|