Unit1Workingwithwordsandexpressions1.2.cloze
Translation
AnswerstoUnit2Book4
UnitTwoManandTechnology
WordsinAction
WorkingwithWordsandExpressions
1.1)monitor2)phenomenon3)isolation4)gradual5)opponent
6)advent7)genetic8)consciously9)extreme10)nasty
11)boom12)formal13)soar14)survey15)Similarly
16)modify17)rough
2.1)atthesametime2)arestuckwith3)forcertain4)makenodifference5)onaverage6)whenitcomesto7)dependson8)builtinto9)cometomind10)atwork
IncreasingYourWordPower
1.
Adjectives
Nouns
Adjectives
Nouns
1)technological
technology
6)luxurious
luxury
2)eternal
eternity
7)leisurely
leisure
3)miraculous
miracle
8)subjective
subject
4)relevant
relevance
9)prosperous
prosperity
5)analytical
Analysis
10)innovative
innovation
2.2)multi-faith3)multiform4)multifunction5)multi-ethnic6)multilateral
7)multi-lingual8)multimedia9)multimillionaire10)multinational
1)amulti-faithsociety2)amulti-lingualsecretary3)amultimillionaire
4)amultinationalmotor-manufacturingcorporation5)amultifunctionvideocamera
6)amulti-ethniccommunity7)amultimediadictionary8)multi-culturaleducation
9)amultilateraltradenegotiation10)multiformtechnologicalcooperation
3.1)j2)c3)b4)i5)a6)g7)d8)e9)f10)h
4.
Adjectives
Nouns
Adjectives
Nouns
1)creative
creativity
6)minor
minority
2)cruel
cruelty
7)original
originality
3)equal
equality
8)pure
purity
4)local
locality
9)regular
regularity
5)major
majority
10)superior
superiority
1)superiority2)equality3)originality4)minority
5)Creativity6)purity7)cruelty
GrammarReview
1.1)Mymotherwouldnotbeworriedaboutmeifsheknewwhatmylifewaslike.
2)Theywouldprobablyallowyoutodothejobifyouwereinbetterhealth.
3)Theywouldn’tworkwithsuchenthusiasmiftheydidn’tknowwhattheywereworkingfor.
4)IwouldhavetolookitupinthedictionaryifIdidn’tknowthemeaningoftheword.
5)ShewouldunderstandwhatwesayifsheknewChinese.
6)Iwouldbequitesatisfiedifyouspokewithgreateraccuracy.
2.1)Ifweknewwherehewas,wewouldtrytogetintouchwithhim.
2)Ifitwerenotfortheexpenseinvolved,wewouldgotherebyplane.
3)Ifweweretomissthetrain,wewouldhavetowaitanotherfourhours.
4)Ifwepooledallourresources,wewouldhaveenoughmoneytobuytheequipment.
5)Ifhedidn’thaveastrongloveforthehandicappedchildren,hewouldn’tbeworkingsotirelesslyforthem.
Cloze
1)emphasize2)opposite3)improved4)luxuries5)benefited
6)obviously7)consciously8)fractures9)eternal10)groundbreaking
11)entitled12)correlation13)depends14)exclusively
Translation
1.1)Hereallyknowsalotabouttheory,butwhenitcomestoactualwork,heseemstobequiteignorant.
2)Thelatestsurveyshows/showedthatthemajorityofthecitizenssupport/supportedthegovernment’splantobuildanewlibrary.
3)Thetwocountriescouldreachagreementsuccessfullyonscientificandtechnologicalcooperationbecauseseveralfactorsfavorabletotheircooperationhadbeenatwork.
4)IsawthefilmwhenIwasintheprimaryschool,butthetitlejustwon’tcometomindforthemoment.
5)Hehasbeenstuckwithheavydebtthoughheworksabouttwelvehourseverydayonaverage.
6)Isitnecessarytoknowhisheight?Tome,itisnotrelevanttowhetherhecanbeagoodlawyerornot.
7)Thecupboardisbuiltintothewallsothatitbothsavesspaceandisconvenienttouse.
8)Theseworkersearnmorethanwedo,buttheothersideofthecoinistheirjobismoredangerous.
9)Helenmajorsineconomicsattheuniversityandatthesametimeshestudiesphilosophyashersecondmajor.
10)Whatismostimportantisthatyoumustfindoutandsolvetheproblemsbyyourselves.ItmakesnodifferencewhetherIgothereornot.
2.
Nowadays,manypeopleareenjoyingthebenefitsbroughtaboutbymaterialandtechnologicaladvancesunimaginableinpreviouseras.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,people’sstandardoflivingisgettinghigherandhigher.People’slifeexpectancyhassoared,too.
However,oddlyenough,manypeopledonotfeelhappierthantheyusedtobe.Itcanbeseenthatthereisnoclosecorrelationbetweenpeople’sincomeandtheirhappiness.Happinesscannot,afterall,beboughtwithmoney.
Althoughthemajorityofpeoplearenotverysatisfiedwiththeirlives,theyarehappytobealive,andthemoretimetheygetonearth,thebetterofftheyfeelthey’llbe.Whatisimportantisthatmaterialwealthisfarfromenough.Peopleneedspiritualhappiness,too.
Theme-relatedWriting
SampleEssay:
TheImpactoftheMobilePhoneonPeople’slives
Amongthemanytechnologicalinventions,themobilephoneimpressesmemost.
Themobilephonebringsconsiderableconveniencetoourlives.Itnotonlyenablesustokeepintouchwitheachotheralmostanytimeandanywherebutalsohelpsussolveproblemsordobusinessefficiently.Inemergencies,amobilephonecanevenbealife-saver.Besides,itsmulti-functionsaddeaseandcolortoourlives.Withamobilephone,wecanreceivemail,readnews,listentomusic,playgames,andtakepictures.
Yet,themobilephonehasitsdisadvantages,too.Mostofushaveexperiencedthenuisanceofunwantedorwrongcalls.Weareinconveniencedbycallsonoccasionswhenweleastexpectone.Besides,thetechnologyinfrastructuretosupportmobilecommunicationhasconsumedvaluablenaturalresourcesandcausedsignificantenvironmentalproblems.Itisreportedthatelectromagneticradiationwavesfromthephonemayresultinhealthproblems.
Despiteitsnegativeside,theadvantagesofthemobilephoneoutweighitsdisadvantages.Ibelievethatwithadvancesinscienceandtechnology,improvedandsafermodelsofmobilephoneswillsurelyserveusstillbetter.
(184words)
keytounit3book4
WORDSINACTION
WorkingWithWordsandExpressions
1.1)quest2)remained3)consume4)likewise
5)vessel6)qualify7)stiff8)collapsed
9)predict10)inevitably11)absorbed12)sheer
13)refining14)paralyzed15)exchange
2.1)Inaway2)acton3)tosuchanextentthat
4)opensup5)closeoff6)lookinto
IncreasingYourWordPower
1.
Clippedwords
Originalforms
Clippedwords
Originalforms
fax
facsimile
fridge
refrigerator
auto
automobile
memo
memorandum
burger
hamburger
Poli-sci
Politicalscience
demo
demonstration
sub
Substitute;submarine
flu
Influenza
zoo
Zoologicalgarden
2.
Nouns/Adjectives
Suffixes
UncountableNouns
ChineseMeanings
king
-dom/-hood
Kingdom
王国；领域father
fatherhood
父亲的身份（或资格）adult
adulthood
成年
brother
brotherhood
手足之情，同胞之爱
free
freedom
自由；自主duke
dukedom
公爵的爵位
likely
likeliness
可能性
neighbor
neighborhood
街坊，四邻；住宅区
wise
wisedom
智慧，才智woman
womanhood
女子成年期；女子气质3.1)positive
2)certain
3)less
4)unknown
5)complete
6)infinite
7)hopeless
8)modern
9)individual
10)contradictory
GRAMMARREVIEW
1.1)Iftheyhadn’tbrokenawayfromtheout-of-dateregulation,theywouldn’thavemadegreatadvancesintheirwork.
2)Iftheyhadn’ttakenpropercareofher,shewouldn’thaverecoveredsorapidly.
3)Theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessfulifwehadn’tmadeadequatepreparations.
4)Wewouldhavehadahardtimeifwehadn’tfollowedtherightinstructions.
5)Thefloodwouldhavecausedgreatdamagetoourpropertyifwehadn’tbuiltsomanyreservoirs.
6)Theywouldhavesucceededintheexperimentiftheyhadfollowedtherightprocedure.
2.1)IfEnglishhadn’tbecomealanguageofinternationalbusinessafterWorldWarII,mostdevelopingcountrieswouldn’thaverequiredstudentstostudyitatschool.
2)IfWilliamhadn’tinvadedEnglandin1066,theEnglishlanguagewouldn’thavehadmanywordsofFrenchorigin.
3)IfmodernEnglishhadn’tdevelopedfromseveraldifferentlanguages,thegrammarandspellingruleswouldn’thavebeensoirregular.
4)IfEnglandhadn’tbeenconqueredbytheNormansin1066,Frenchwouldn’thavebecomethemainlanguageoftherulingclassatthattime.
CLOZE
1.1)topic2)creates3)really4)grasp
5)sure6)opposite7)contradictory8)reality
9)physical10)rigidity11)individual12)humility
13)rainbow14)falsehood
TRANSLATION
1.1)Mostpeoplestronglybelievethatthecourtwillnodoubtpunishthebankrobbersseverely.
2)Themedicalworkersovercameonedifficultyafteranotherintheirlong-termquestforacureforthedisease.
3)Actingontheinformationtheyreceived,thepoliceclosedoffthestreetsandcaughtthebankrobbers.
4)Wewereamazedatlearningthatthenewly-builtTVfactorycanproduce500,000TVsetsinthefirstyear.
5)Thegovernmentislookingintothecausesofsomanylayoffsandistryingtohelpthelaid-offworkerstobere-employed.
6)Toexpandthesalesofitsproduct,thecompanyhastakenupvariousmeasurestoopenupnewmarketsandtoimproveitsservices.
7)HehasneglectedhisstudiestosuchanextentthatIamafraiditisimpossibleforhimtocatchupwiththeotherstudentsinamonth.
8)Thefireworksfactorywasclosedlastmonthforfailingtocomplywiththegovernmentsafetyregulations.
9)Itremainstobeseenwhetherourfootballteamcanbeatitsopponents.
10)Mr.Smithpredictedthattherecentoildiscoveries,togetherwiththeuse/employmentofnewtechnologies,wouldleadtoadeclineinthepriceofcrudeoil.
2.
Weallknowthatknowledgeispowerbutweareseldomawareofhowdifficultknowledgetransferis.AccordingtoVictoriaGriffith,therearemanybarrierstoknowledgetransferandlackoftrustisoneofthemajorones.
Itseemstoherthatpeopleareonlytoabsorbknowledgereadilyfromthosetheyknowandtrust.Forexample,intheearly17thcentury,Galileoarguedthattheearthandotherplanetsmovearoundthesun,butthisknowledgewasrejectedbythegeneralpopulationsatthattimebecausetheItalianoverthreehundredyearsagotrustedtheRomanCatholicChurchmorethantheytrustedscience.Whatwasworse,Galileohadtospendtherestofhislifeunderhousearrestforhisideas.
VictoriaGriffithremindsusthatknowledgetransferisstillatoughproblemalthoughwearelivinginthe“knowledgeera.”
THEME-RELATEDWRITING
SampleEssay:
Knowledgetransferisahumanphenomenonandplaysaveryimportantroleintheprocessofhumanevolution.Withtheknowledgeaccumulatedovergenerations,humanbeingscannowbuildandtransformsocietieswithunprecedentedknowledgeresources.
However,therearemanybarrierstoknowledgetransfer.Forexample,lackoftrustandresistancetochangeunderminethetransferofknowledge.Peoplearelesslikelytoacquireknowledgefromthosewhomtheydon’ttrustortoadoptnewtheoriesandpracticestheyarenotfamiliarwith.Culturalandlanguagebarriersalsohamperthetransferofknowledgebetweennationsorethnicgroups.Itwouldbealmostimpossibleforpeoplewhospeakdifferentlanguagesordialectswithdifferentculturalbackgroundstocommunicateeffecitvely,nottomentionexchangingknowledge.
Anunderdevelopedeconomyisanotherbarriertoknowledgetransfer.Thelackofsocio-economicandtechno-environmentalcooperation,aswellaspoorcommunicationsinfrastructure,cangreatlyhindertheflowofknowledgewithinandbetweennations.
Toremovethesebarriers,peopleshouldchangetheirattitudetowardsknowledgetransferandthelearningofforeignlanguagesandcultures.Atthesametime,effortsshouldbemadetodevelopabetterworldeconomy.(190words)
TheAnswerstoBook4---Unit4
EnhanceYourLanguageAwareness
(I)WorkingwithWordsandExpressions
1.(1)mass(2)gambled(3)voluntary(4)hunted
(5)classified(6)abolished(7)division(8)senseless
(9)fashions(10)coordination(11)declarations(12)spanned
(13)recommends/recommended(14)moderately(15)slightest
2.(1)stands/stoodachance(2)ruledout(3)worthyof
(4)gonethrough(5)inthestrictsense(6)Ataguess
(7)earnsaliving(8)coincidewith(9)goneinfor
(10)gottheirteethinto
(II)IncreasingYourWordPower
1.(1)imaginary(2)congratulatory(3)Migratory(4)documentary
(5)legendary(6)introductory(7)contradictory(8)explanatory
2.(1)vocation(2)posts(3)trade(4)job
(5)work(6)profession(7)career(8)position
3.(2)lawyer(3)electrician(4)philosopher(5)musician
(6)engineer(7)surgeon(8)cashier(9)photographer(10)biologist
Grammar
1
(1)Idon’trememberhavingborrowed/borrowinganythingfromyou.
(2)She’llstayhereforacoupleofweeksbeforegoingontoNewYork.
(3)TheprospectofProfesorSmith’scomingtoseeuscheeredusall.
(4)Jim,amanofstrongcharacter,naturallydidn’tgivein.
(5)Arrivingattheschoolgate,hafoundhisclassmateshadalreadyassembled.
2
(1)Hewasafraidoffallingbehindtheothers..
(2)WewereallamusedatHenry’srunningafterthedoginhisslippers.
(3)Havetheyinformedyouofthechangeintheplan?
(4)We’regreatfultoyouforhavinggivenussomuchhelp.
(5)Weassuredthemofourwillingnesstocooperatewiththem.
(III)Cloze
(1)enjoy(2)physical(3)compelled(4)necessity(5)support
(6)mental(7)idealize(8)status(9)values
(10)classified(11)essential(12)mind(13)attitude(14)fortunate
(IV)Translation
1.Sentencetranslation
(1)Asmoreandmoredetailsofherprivatelifeweredisclosedbythemedia,shewascompelledtoresignfromthepostofgeneralmanagerofthecompany.
(2)Sheisverysatisfiedwithhernewjobasitcoincideswithherinterests.
(3)Iboughtthisshirtbecausethepricewasreducedfrom300yuanto80yuan.
(4)Tobringherchildrenup,themotherreallywentthroughallkindsofhardships.
(5)Thepolicehaveruledoutmurderinthecaseoftheoldlady’sdeath.
(6)Themunicipalgovernmentpromisedtotakeeffectivestepsassoonaspossibletosolvetheproblemsofairpollution.
(7)IdidnotgoinfortheCampusTennisChampionshipsheldlastmonthbecauseofmyinjuredleg.
(8)Ifyoucangetthesupportofthemajorityofthegirls,youstandagoodchanceofwinningtheelectionandbecomingChairmanoftheStudentsUnion.
(9)NotallthebookshewrotewereassuccessfulasthisonesoIrecommendthatyouborrowitfromthelibraryandreadit.
(10)Atthe2004AthensOlympicGamesLiuXiangwonthechampionshipofthemen’s110-meterhurdlesandbroketheworldrecord,whichhadbeenpreviouslyheldbyanAmericanathlete.\
2.Paragraphtranslation
Somepeoplethinkthatthey’vefulfilledtheirtasksaslongastheygoondutyandcomeoffdutyontime.Theyneverthinkaboutwhatismeantby“work”andwhytheyshouldworkatall.Infact,“work”involvessuchqualitiesaswisdom,enthusiam,imaginationandcreativity.
Todohisworkwell,aworkermusthaveaspiritofdedication,andbecapableofbearinghardshipsandstandinghardwork.Inaddition,heshouldhaveinitiativeandcreativity.Havinginitiativemeanstheworkershouldbereadytograspeveryopportunitytodisplayhisoutstandingability.
Inaddition,aworkershouldmakeclearthenatureandsignificanceoftheworkhedoes,beresponsibleforwhateverheisdoingandplungehimselfintotheworkwithvigorousenthusiasm.Ifhecandoso,hewilllfindajobnolongeraburdenbutanindispensablepartofhislife.Whateverhedoes,hecanalwaysfindvaluesandpleasureintheworkandachieveextraordinaryresultsinotherwiseordinarywork.
TheAnswerstoBook4---Unit5
EnhanceYourLanguageAwareness
(I)WorkingwithWordsandExpressions
1.(1)fortune(2)dull(3)chased(4)launched
(5)finance(6)reputation(7)liberty(8)publicity
(9)sufficiently(10)sympathy(11)target(12)educate
(13)commerce(14)alike(15)bored(16)audiences
(17)regard(18)assure
2.(1)thrownout(2)andsoon(3)fordearlife
(4)dedicatehimselfto(5)wastiredof(6)turnaway
(7)hangon(8)forthesakeof
(II)IncreasingYourWordPower
1.
Back-formation
Originalword
Back-formation
Originalword
automate
automation
housekeep
housekeeper
babysit
babysitter
mass-produce
mass-production
book-keep
book-keeping
self-destruct
self-destruction
dry-clean
dry-cleaning
window-shop
window-shopping
edit
editor
wordprocess
wordprocessor
2.(1)reached/secured(2)achieved/attained(3)attained/reached
(4)reach/secure(5)achieved/realized/fulfilled(6)fulfill/meet/satisy
3.(2)competitive(3)same(4)momentary(5)specific
(6)sufficient(7)cruel(8)humble(9)famous(10)reasonable
GrammarReview
1
(1)(real)subject
(2)objecttotheverb“make”
(3)predicate
(4)attributemodifying“opportunity”
(5)objectcomplement
(6)adverbialofpurpose
(7)adverbialofresult
(8)predicative
(9)attributemodifying“person”
(10)independentelement
2
(1)Tobecomeafamouswriter
(2)totaketraveler’schecks
(3)toemployayoungengineer
(4)takethemachineapart
(5)Tounderstandthesituationcompletely
(6)torisehigherinposition
(7)tofindthatthetrainhadleft10minutesbefore
(8)toapplyforaknownjobopening
(9)tomaketrouble
(10)Tobemoreexact
(III)Cloze
(1)chase(2)reputation(3)dedicate(4)reward(5)sufficiently
(6)measured(7)assure(8)Momentary(9)celebrity
(10)target(11)frank(12)liberty(13)illusory(14)regard
(IV)Translation
1.Sentencetranslation
(1)Heattemptedtosavetheenterprisewhichwasonthevengeofcollapsebutfailed.
(2)Thepresidenthasannouncedthathewillnotseekre-electionattheendofhisfirstterm.
(3)Theyoungteacherisskilledatmotivatinghisstudentstostudyhard.
(4)Shelovesgivingpartiesanddoesoswhenevershecanfindanexcuse.
(5)I’mafraidthatyou’llhavetocompetewithatleastfiftypeopleforanadministrativepostinthiscompany.
(6)Tobefrank,Idon’tthinkyoustandagoodchanceofgettingpromotedevenifyouareloyaltothecompany.
(7)Itwasobviousthathisspeecharousedthesympathyoftheaudienceforthevictimsoftheearthquake.
(8)Thoughhehasrepeatedlyassuredmeofhisabilitytopromoteourcompany’sproducts,I’llgivehimanotherinterviewbeforehiringhim.
(9)Thecompany’sinvestmentendedinfailureduetothewrongstrategicdecisionsofthegeneralmanagerandsotheboardofdirectorsdecidedtothrowhimout.
(10)Iknowyouaretiredbuttrytohangonalittlebitlonger.Wewillreachthepeakinhalfanhour.
2.Paragraphtranslation
Manypeoplewanttobefamousbecausefamecanbringthembothhonorandrespectformthepublic.Inmostcases,famecanalsohelpthemgainwealth.But,afterall,veryfewpeoplecanreallybecomefamouswhilemostpeople,includingmostartists,areunlikelytobecomefamous.
Itistruethatsomefailureforsomepeopleatcertaintimesintheirlivesdoesmotivatethemtostriveevenhardersoastoachievefinalsuccess.Forexample,ThomasEdison,thefamousAmericaninventor,hadtriedhundredsofmaterialsbeforehefinallyfoundthesuitalbefusefortheelectricbulb.However,unfortunately,formostpeoplefailureistheendoftheirstruggle.
Therefore,inmyopinion,successisonethingandfameisanother.Aslongasyouhavetriedyourbest,you’realreadysuccessfulwhetheryouarefamousornot.
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