一.一般现在时态：1.一般用法:1〕表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用.时间状语:every…,someti
mes,at…,onSunday。e.g.Heoftengoestothecinema.
2〕表示现在的能力、特征、职业等,e.g.Hesingswell.（能力）3〕表示客观真理、科学事实、格言
以及不受时间限制的客观存在的事实,e.g.Knowledgeispower.（客观真理）2.特别用法:
1〕主句是将来时态或表示将来意义,时间状语从句和条件状语从句须用一般现在时表将来,e.g.I’llwriteto
herwhenIhavetime二.一般过去时态（did式）:1.基本用法:1〕表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态:
时间状语有：yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982等
Heboughtthecomputerfiveyearsago.2)表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作,e.g.
Weoftenplayedtogetherwhenwewerechildren.注:表示过去习惯性的动作,
可用would,usedto,e.g.Heusedtogotoworkbybus.2.特别用法:
过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气:1)动词want,hope,wonder,think,intend等:
Iwonderedifyoucouldhelpme.能不能帮我一下。2)情态动词could,w
ould。e.g.Couldyoulendmeyourbike?能借用一下你的自行车吗？
三.一般将来时（will/shall＋do）:1.will表示没有经过事先考虑,而是在说话的时候才决定做某事,e.g.
--Youforgettoclosethedoor.--Oh,I’llcloseitat
once.will表意愿Nowifyouwilltakeoffyourclothes,wew
illfitthenewclothesonyouinfrontofthemirror.2.bego
ingto+不定式，表示将来。主语的意图，即将做某事。e.g.Whatareyougoingtod
otomorrow?明天打算作什么呢？b.计划，安排要发生的事。e.g.Theplayisgoing
tobeproducednextmonth。这出戏下月开播。c.有迹象要发生的事。e.g.Lookat
thedarkclouds;thereisgoingtobeastorm.看那乌云，快要下雨了。3.be
+不定式表将来，按计划或安排将发生的事;命中注定的事;命令。e.g.Wearetodiscussther
eportnextSaturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。4.beaboutto+不定式，意为马上做某事。e.
g.HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.他马上要去北京。注意：beaboutto
do不能与tomorrow,nextweek等表示明确将来的时间状语连用。5.bedueto与时间表,旅行计划等有
关。e.g.Thetrainisduetoleaveat7:00.四.现在完成时（have/has
＋p.p.）1.基本用法:1〕影响性用法:表示一个动作发生在过去,已经完成,且对现在造成影响或结果,e.g.①He
hasleftthecity.（结果:他不在这个城市）②Someonehasbrokenthewindow.
（结果:窗户仍破着）2〕持续性用法:表示一个动作从过去持续到现在,且可能继续持续下去或可能到此结束,e.g.Weh
avebeenbusythisafternoon.2.用现在完成时的典型场合:1〕“since＋过去时间”或“si
nce接that从句（从句中用一般过去时）”则句中用现在完成时,e.g.①Ihaven’tseenhersinc
elastweek.②WherehaveyoubeensinceIlastsawyou?2〕句中有
sofar/in（for/during）thepast（last）years（months…）/uptonow/un
tilnowe.g.①Sofartherehasbeennonews.3〕“It/This/Thatis
thefirst（second/third…）time＋that从句”或“It/This/Thatistheonly
…＋that从句”或“It/This/Thatisthe＋最高级…＋that从句”e.g.①It/This/Th
atisthefirsttimethatIhavecometoZhejiang.②It/This/That
istheonlypartythatIhaveeverreallyenjoyedinmylife.③I
t/This/ThatisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.（
注:以上句型把is改为was,则从句时态相应改为过去完成时态）3.现在完成时与一般过去时态的区别:1)现在完成时强调对现
在的影响或结果,而一般过去时态强调这一个动作发生的时间是过去。2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间
状语连用，或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday,lastweek，…ago,in1980,inOct
ober,justnow等，皆为具体的时间状语。现在完成时的时间状语：for,since,sofar,ever,n
ever,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inpastyears,always等，皆不
确定的时间状语。共同的时间状语：thismorning,tonight,thisApril,now,already,
recently,lately等e.g.①I’velivedherefortenyears.（现在仍
住在这儿）②Ilivedherefortenyears.（现在不住在这儿）③Hehasboughta
house.（现在已拥有这房子）④Heboughtahouse.（现在拥不拥有这房子,不知道,只是知道买了房子,
现在可能拥有也可能卖掉了）五.现在完成进行时（have/hasbeenv--ing）1.一般用法:表示现在以前一段时间里
一直在进行的动作,这一动作可能仍在进行,也可能已停止,e.g.Ithasbeenrainingsincetw
odaysago.六.过去完成时（had＋p.p.）1.表示过去的过去时间状语before,by,unti
l,when,after,once…e.g.①Ihadhardlyopenedthedoorwhen
hehitme.用好过去完成时,关键在于理解它的时间是“过去的过去”。2.want/think/hope/plan/
mean/expect/intend/suppose等动词的过去完成时＋不定式的一般式（等于这些动词的一般过去式后接不定式的完成式
）,表示过去未曾实现的愿望、打算、想法等e.g.①Ihadmeanttocome,butsomethinghapp
ened.（＝Imeanttohavecome,butsomethinghappened.）②Ihadi
ntendedtospeakatthemeeting,buttimedidn’tpermit.（＝Iin
tendedtohavespokenatthemeeting,buttimedidn’tpermit.）
3.一些特殊句型中的过去完成时:1〕“It/This/Thatwasthefirst（second/third…）tim
e＋that从句”或“It/This/Thatwastheonly…＋that从句”或“It/This/Thatwast
he＋最高级…＋that从句”2〕by（theendof)/bythetime＋过去时间,e.g
.Wehadlearnt3,000wordsbytheendoflastterm.Byt
hetimehecameback,wehadrepairedthemachine.3〕nosooner…t
han;hardly/scarcely…when①Nosoonerhadhegonetotheg
ardenthanhissonwenttoplaywithhisclassmates.②Hardly
hadheheardthenewswhenhecried.七.将来完成时（will/shall＋have＋
p.p.）1.表示到将来某一时间为止会完成的动作,e.g.Whenwegetthere,she’llhave
gonetowork.2.by（theendof）＋将来时间,e.g.①Wewillhavelear
nt3,000wordsbytheendofnextterm.②Bythetimehecomesb
ack,wewillhaverepairedthemachine.3.与用一般现在时态表示将来一样,时间状语从句和条
件状语从句须用现在完成时表将来,e.g.I’llgowithyouwhenIhavefinishedmy
work.等我完成工作以后我就同你去。八.现在进行时（be＋v--ing）:1.表示现在（指说话人说话时）正在发生的
事情。e.g.We’rehavingameeting.（说话时正在进行的动作）2.表示现阶段正在进行的动作或表
示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。Heisteachinginaschool.（目前这个阶段正
在进行的动作）3.现在进行时表示将来,表示按计划或安排要发生的动作,e.g.I’mleavingtomorrow
.4.现在进行时与always/forever/constantly/continuously等连用,表示满意、称赞、惊讶、
厌恶等感情色彩,e.g.①She’salwayshelpingothers.5.动词be的现在进行时,表示一时的表现或暂
时的状态,e.g.①Sheisfoolish.（生性如此）②Sheisbeingfoolish.（一时的表现）能这
样用的形容词多为angry,careful,clever,stupid,kind,brave,friendly,ru
de,polite等动态形容词。不用进行时的动词1）表示事实状态的动词，如have,belong,possess,c
ost,owe,exist,include,contain,matter,weigh,measure,contin
ue等。例如：Ihavetwobrothers.我有两兄弟。Thishousebelongstomys
ister.这房子是我姐的。2）表示心理状态,情感的动词，如know,realize,think,see,believ
e,suppose,imagine,agree,recognize,remember,want,need,forg
et,prefer,mean,understand,love,hate等。例如：Inee
dyourhelp.我需要你的帮助。Helovesherverymuch.他爱她很深。3）瞬间动词，如
accept,receive,complete,finish,give,allow,decide,refuse等。例
如：Iacceptyouradvice.我接受你的劝告。4）系动词，如seem,remain,lie,s
ee,hear,smell,feel,taste,等。例如：Youseemalittletired.
你看上去有点累。。九.过去进行时（was/were＋v--ing）1.表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作,Hew
asplayingwhileIwasstudying.十.将来进行时（will/shall＋be＋v--ing）
1.基本用法:表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作,e.g.WhenIgethomeat9:00tomorrow,
mysonwillbewatchingTV.语态被动语态的构成方式：be/get+过去分词注意1.主
动变被动时，宾补成主补（位置不变）；（作补语的）不定式前需加to。Thebossmadehimworkallday
long.Hewasmadetoworkalldaylong(bytheboss)2.短语动词变被动语态
时，勿要掉“尾巴”。Yourpronunciationshouldbepaidattentionto.3.当句子
的谓语为say、believe、expect、think、know、write、consider、report等时，被动语态有两种
形式:（A）谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主补。（B）用it作形式主语，真正的主语在后面用从句来表示。如：Heissaid
tobeasmartboy. Itissaidthatheisasmartboy.不用被动语态的情
况1.不及物动词或不及物动词短语无被动语态。例如：（错）Thepricehasbeenrisen.（对）
Thepricehasrisen.（错）Thepricehasraised.（对）The
pricehasbeenraised.（错）Pleaseseat.（对）Please
beseated.要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。2.系动词无被动语态，如appe
ar,be,become,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,
smell,sound,stay,taste,turn等。例如：Itsoundsgood.听上去不错。
主动形式表示被动意义1.表示主语特征、状态的动词wash,clean,cook,iron,look,cut,se
ll,read,wear,feel,draw,write,sell等。例如：Thebooksells
well.这本书销路好。2.betoblame(受谴责)，betorent（出租）也用主动形式表被动。例如：
Iwastoblamefortheaccident.事故发生了，我该受指责。3.在need,requi
re,want,worth（形容词）,deserve后例如：Thedoorneedsrepairi
ng.=Thedoorneedstoberepaired.门该修了。4.在“be+形容词+to
do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。Thiskindofwaterisn’tfitto
drink.Thegirlisn’teasytogetalongwith.5.用来做定语和被修饰的
名词有动宾关系，又和另一名词或代词有主谓关系的动词不定式。Ihavesomethingtotellyou.
1.SinceIwonthebigprize,mytelephonehasn’tstoppedringing
.People___toaskhowIamgoingtospendthemoney.phoneB.wil
lphoneC.werephoningD.arephoning2.---I’msorry,butyoua
refined$50!Youknowyou___120kmanhour,don’tyou?A.are
drivingB.weredrivingC.havedrivenD.haddriven3.They_
__ontheprogramforalmostoneweekbeforeIjoinedthem,andn
owwe___onitasnogoodresultshavecomeoutsofar.A.hadb
eenworking,arestillworkingB.hadworked,werestillworking
C.havebeenworking,haveworkedD.haveworked,arestillwor
king4.----Youaredrinkingtoomuch.----Onlyathome.
Noone_____mebutyou.isseeingB.hadseenC.sees
D.saw5.Thefirstuseofatomicweaponswasin1945,and
theirpower____increasedenormouslyeversince.A.isB.was
C.hasbeenD.hadbeen6.–WhoisJerryCooper?--
___?Isawyoushakinghandswithhimatthemeeting.A.Don’ty
oumeethimyetB.Hadn’tyoumethimyetC
.Didn’tyoumeethimyetD.Haven’tyoum
ethimyet7.BythetimeJanegetshome,heraunt___forLond
ontoattendameeting.A.willleaveB.leavesC.willh
aveleftD.left8.Thecrazyfans_____patientlyfortwohours,
andtheywouldwaittillthemoviestararrived.A.werewai
tingB.hadbeenwaitingC.hadwaited
D.wouldwait9.--IhearJaneshasgoneto
theHolyIslandforherholiday.--Oh,hownice！Doyouk
nowwhenshe____?A.wasleavingB.hadleftC.hasleftD.l
eft10.Idon’tknowifhe_____.Ifhe_____,I’llletyouknow
.A.willcome;willcomeB.comes;comes
C.willcome;comesD.comes;willcom
e11.---Katehascomebackhomefromherlongholidaysabroad.-
--Oh,really?I_____.____visither.A.didn’tknow;I’llgoan
dB.don’tknow;I’llgoandC.don’tknow;I,mgoing
toD.didn’tknow;I‘mgoingto12.Ireallydon’tthinkketty
willmindit,butyou’dbettergoandseeherincaseshe_______
.A.doesB.doC.willmindD.hasminded13.-
--Howaretheteamplaying?---Theyareplayingwell,buton
eofthem____hurt.A.gotB.getsC.areD.were14.Don’
tdisturbher.She___lettersallthemorningandhasfinishede
ight.A.waswritingB.haswrittenC.
hasbeenwritingD.wrote15.Inmyopinion,allMr.White__
__goodtohisstudentsinhisclassatpresent.Heisverystric
tintheirstudy.A.doesdoesdoesB.doesdodoC.doesdoes
doD.diddodoes16.Theyintendtogoonwiththeexperim
entuntil10o’clocktomorrowmorning,andbythenthey___for2
2hours.A.areworkingB.havebeenworking
C.willbeworkingD.willhavebeenworking17.Be
careful!Don’tgettheorangejuiceonyourshirt,forit____.
A.isn’twashingoutB.won’tbewashedoutC.Is
n’twashedoutD.won’twashout18.Thewater___coolwhenI
jumpedintothepoolformorningexercise.A.wasfelt
B.isfeltC.feltD.feels19.—Oh,whereismywa
llet?MaybeIleftitinthecar.---You___thingsbehind!
A.arealwaysleavingB.wereleavingC.haveleft
D.alwaysleave20.Mybrother___homefort
woyearsandwehaven’theardfromhimeversincehe___.A.
hasleft;leftB.hasbeenaway;wasawayC.hasbe
enawayfrom;leftD.left;wasaway22M
yformerEnglishteacher,who___inourschoolforover20years,
nowlivesinhishometown.A.hasworkedB.workedC
.hadworkedD.works23.Thenotice______“Nosmoking”.
??A.istold????B.reads??????C.tells??????D.isread24.---Yo
ulooktired.---Yes.I___non-stopuntil8o’clock.
A.hadworkedB.hadbeenworkingC.haveworked
D.wasworking25.You’dbetternotcallMr
.Greenbetween7and8thisevening,forhe___animportantta
lkthen.willhaveB.wouldhaveC.willbehaving
D.willhavehadCAAACCDDCACBB
DC08高考：动词时态、语态01、(08全国卷I’27)—HaveyouknownDr.Jacksonfo
ralongtime?—Yes,sinceshe____theChineseSociety. A.has
joined B.joins C.hadjoined
D.joined02、(08全国卷I’29)Thewetweatherwillcontinuetomorrow
whenacoldfront______toarrive. A.isexpected B.
isexpecting C.expects D.willbeexpected
03、(08全国卷II’11)Iftheweatherhadbeenbetter,wecouldhaveh
adapicnic.Butit____allday. A.rained B.ra
ins C.hasrained D.israiningDAA04、
(08全国卷II’14)Iftheirmarketingplanssucceed,they____theirs
alesby20percent. A.willincreaseB.havebeenincreas
ing C.haveincreasedD.wouldbeincreasing05、(08北京卷’2
1)Johnpromisedhisdoctorhe___notsmoke,andhehasnotsmok
edeversince.A.might B.should
C.could D.would.06、(08北京卷’22)—Haveyoureadbook
calledWaitingforAnya?—Who_______it?A.writes
B.haswritten C.wrote D.hadwritten
07、(08北京卷’27)Thehotelwasn’tparticularlygood.ButI____in
manyworsehotels.A.wasstayingB.stayed
C.wouldstayD.hadstayedADCD08、(08北京卷’29)No
decision__aboutanyfutureappointmentuntilallthecandidat
eshavebeeninterviewed.A.willbemade B.ismade
C.isbeingmade D.hasbeenmade09、(08上海春卷’2
9)Populationexpertspredictthatmostpeople______incitiesi
nthenearfuturelive B.wouldliveC
.willlive D.havelived10、(08上海春卷’31)Officialssa
ythatfewpatients___________withthevirusowingtotheeffect
ivepreventioninfected B.areinfectedC.
haveinfected D.beinfectedACB11、(08上海卷’28)---Doy
ouknowifTerrywillgocampingthisweekend?--Terry?Never!
She___tentsandfreshair!A.hashatedB.hated
C.willhateD.hates12、(08上海卷’32)Inre
centyearsmanyfootballclubs______asbusinesstomakeaprofi
t.A.haverunB.havebeenrunC.hadbeenr
unD.willrun13、(08天津卷’14)He_____footballregularlyfo
rmanyyearswhenhewasyoung.A.wasplayingB.play
edC.hasplayedD.hadplayedDBB14、(08重
庆卷’23)JudyisgoingtomarrythesailorsheinRomelastye
ar.A.meetsB.metC.hasmet
D.wouldmeet15、(08重庆卷’31)Heasanationalhero
forwinningthefirstgoldmedalforhiscountryintheOlympics
.A.regardedB.wasregardedC.hasregard
edD.hadbeenregarded16、(08重庆卷’35)Teenagersthe
irhealthbecausetheyplaycomputergamestoomuch.A.havedama
gedB.aredamagingC.damagedD.willdama
geBBB17、(08辽宁卷’23)Wefirstmetonatrainin2000.Webothf
eltimmediatelythatwe____eachotherforyears.A.knew B.
haveknown C.hadknown D.know18、(08辽宁卷’29)—Haveyougot
anyjoboffers?—No.I______.A.waited B.hadbeenwaiting C
.havewaited D.amwaiting19、(08山东卷’25)Bythetimeherea
lizeshe______intoatrap,it’llbetoolateforhimtodoanyt
hingaboutit.A.walks B.walked C.haswalked D.
hadwalkedCDC20、(08江苏卷’33)—I’msureAndrewwillwinthefir
stprizeinthefinal.—Ithinkso.He____foritformonths.
A.ispreparing B.waspreparing C.hadbeenpreparing
D.hasbeenpreparing21、(08江西卷’32)–Doyouthinkweshouldaccep
tthatoffer?--Yes,weshould,forwe___suchbadluckuptill
now,andtime__out.A.havehad;isrunningB.had;isrunni
ngC.have;hasbeenrunD.havehad;hasbeenrunDA22、
(08安徽卷’22)-----Didyouwatchthebasketballmatchyesterday?--
---Yes,Idid.Youknow,mybrother_____inthematch.A.is
playingB.wasplayingC.hasplayedD.ha
dplayed23、(08安徽卷’33)IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey_____ma
nytimesontheradio.A.taughtB.havetaught
C.aretaughtD.havebeentaught24、(08浙江卷’05)Ido
n’tbelieveyou’vealreadyfinishedreadingthebook—I______it
toyouthismorning!A.wouldlendB.waslending
C.hadlentD.lentBDD25、(08浙江卷’07)–What’sthatnoi
se?–Oh,Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachine______.A.wastes
tedB.willbetestedC.isbeingtestedD.has
beentested26、(08湖南卷’32)IcalledHnnahmanytimesyesterdayeven
ing,butIcouldn’tgetthrough.Herbrother_____onthephonea
llthetime!A.wastalkingB.hasbeentalkingC.has
talkedD.talked27、(08湖南卷’35)—Doyouhaveanyproblems
ifyou______thisjob?—Well,I’mthinkingaboutthesalary….
A.offerB.willofferC.areoffered
D.willbeofferedCAC28、(08陕西卷’06)ThemomentIgothome,I
foundImyjacketontheplayground.A.hadleft
B.leftC.haveleftD.wasleaving29、(
08陕西卷’17)Thoughwedon’tknowwhatdiscussed,yetwecanfeelth
etopic.A.hadchangedB.willchangeC.was
changedD.hasbeenchanged30、(08四川卷’07)Thetelephone___
____,butbythetimeIgotindoors,itstopped.A.hadrung
B.wasringingC.ringsD.hasrung31、(
08福建卷’25)Sofarthisyearwe______afallinhousepricesbybe
tween5and10percent.A.sawB.seeC.hadseenD.haveseenADBD高考语法复习系列二动词时态和语态soon,tomorrow,thisevening,onSunday,thistimetomorrow,intwodays,tomorrowevening将来进行时thismorning,thewholemorning,allday,yesterday,fromninetotenyesterdayevening…when,while等过去进行时before,by+过去的时间,until,when,after,once等过去完成时for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inthepastyears,always,recently等现在完成时next…,tomorrow,in+一段时间,before+时间点等一般将来时yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982,justnow等一般过去时every…,sometimes,at…,onSunday等一般现在时时间状语时态2〕让步状语从句和方式状语从句用一般现在时表将来,e.g.①Whetheryouhelphimornot,hewillfail.②NexttimeI’lldoashesays.3〕表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排要发生的动作,用一般现在时表将来,e.g.Thetrainleavesat12:00.----Isn’tithardtodrivedowntowntowork?----Yes,that’swhyI____toworkbytrain.havebeengoinghavegonewasgoingtowillhavegone---Hey,lookwhereyouaregoing!---Oh,I’mterriblysorry._____.A.I’mnotnoticingB.Iwasn’tnoticingC.Ihaven’tnoticeD.Idon’tnotice----Isn’tithardtodrivedowntowntowork?----Yes,that’swhyI____toworkbytrain.havebeengoinghavegonewasgoingtowillhavegone.DBAcCDCBD |
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