2012年大学英语四级考试模拟试题及答案解析（完整版）
partIWriting(30minute)
注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutetowriteashortessayonthetopicofstudentsselectingtheir
fectures.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinewhenbellow:
1.有些大学允许学生自由选择某些课程的任课教师
2.学生选择教师时所考虑的主要因素
3.学生自选任课教师的益处和可能产生的问题
OnStudentsSelectingLecturers
范文：
OnStudentsChoosingLecturers
Nowadays,someuniversitiesgivestudentstherighttochoosewhoteachessomeoftheirclasses.Thishasledtosomedebateoverwhetherstudentsshouldbegiventhismuchpower.
Thereareseveralfactorsthatstudentsconsiderwhenchoosingalecturer,includingtheteachingstyleofthelecturer,thelecturer''sacademicbackground,andthelecturer''sreputationamongstudents.Theideallecturerisonewhohasaninterestingteachingstyle,adiverseacademicbackground,andagoodreputationamongstudents.
Therearebothpositiveandnegativeaspectstoallowingstudentstochoosetheirlecturers.Givingstudentsthechoiceencouragesthemtotakeownershipfortheirclasses,andalsoputspressureonteacherstoimprovetheirteachingquality.
However,thefactorsthatstudentsconsidermightnotbetheonesthatleadtothehighestqualityofeducation.Schoolsmightendupwithlecturerswhoteachinterestingclasseswithoutmuchcontent.
PartIIReadingcomprehension(skimmingandscanning)(15minute)
Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutetogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswersheet1
Forquestions1-7,mark
Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;
N(forNO)ifstatementcintradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;
NG(forNOTCIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.
forquestion8-10,completethesentencedwiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
Highway
Agovermentstudyrecommendedanationalhighwaysystermof33,920miles,andcongresspassedtheFedercal-AidHighwayActof1944,whichcalledforstrict,centrakkycontrolleddesertcriterra.
Theinterstatehighwaysystemwasfinallylaunchedin1956andhasbeenhailedasoneofthegreatestpublicworksprojectsofthecentury.Tobulidits44,000-milewebofhighways,bridge.andtunnelshundredsofuniqueengineeringdesignsandsolutionshadtobeworkedout.Considerthemanygeographic,featuresofthecountry:mountains,steepgrades,wetlands,rivers,desortsandplains.Variablesincludedtheslopeoftheland,theabilityofthepavementtosupporttheload.Innovative,designsofroadways,tunnels,bridges,overpasses,andinterchangesthatcouldrunthroughorbypassurbanareassoonbegantoweavetheirwayacrossthecountry,foreveralteringthefaceofAmerican.
Long-span,segmented-concrete,cable-stayedbridgessuchasHaleBoggsinLouisianaandtheSunshineSkywayinFlorida,andremarkabletunnelslikeFortMchenryinMarylandandMr.bakerinWashingtondevelopedunderthenation''sphysicalchallenges,Trafficcontrolsystemsandmethodsofconstructiondevelopedudertheinterstateprogramsooninfluencedhighwayconstructionaroundtheworld,angwereinvaluableinimprovingtheconditionofurbanstreetsandtrafficpatterns.
Today.theinterstatesystemlinkseverymajorcityintheU.S,andtheU.SwithCanadaandMexico,Builtwithsafetyinmindthehighwayshavewidelanesandshoulders,dividingmedians,orbarriers,longentryandexitlanes,ourvesengineeredforsafeturns,andlimitedaccess,ThedeathrateonhighwaysishalfthatofallotherU.Sroads(0.86deathsper100millionpassengermilescomparedto1.99deathsper100milliononallotherroads)
ByopeningtheNorthAmericancontinent,highwayshaveenabledconsumergoodsandservicestoreachpeopleinremoteandruralareasofjobs,accesstothegrowthoptionsintermsofjobsaccesstocuturalprogreamshealthcare,andotherbenefits.Aboveall,theinterstatesystemprovidesindividualswithwhattheyenerishmost:personalfreedomofmobility.
Theinterstatesystemhasbeenanessentialelementofthenation''seconomicgrowthintermsofshippingandjobcreation:morethan75percentofthenation''sfreightdeliveriesarrivebytruck.andmostproductsthatarrivebyrailorairuseinterstatesforthelastlegofthejourneybyvehiole.
NotonlyhasthehighwaysystemaffectedtheAmericaneconomybyprovidingshippingroutes,ithasledtothegrowthofspin-offindustrieslikeservicestations,motels,restaurants,andshoppingcentres.Ithasallowertherwlocationofmanufacturingplantsandotherindustriesfromurbanareastorural.
Bytheendofthecenturytherewasanimmensenetworkofpavedroads,residentialstreets,expressways,andfreewaysbuilttosupportmillionsofvehicles,ThehighwaysystemwasofficiallyrenamedforEisenhowertohonorhisvisonandleadership.Theyearconstructionbeganhesaid:"Together,theunitedforcesofourcommunicationandtransportationsystemsaredynamicelementsintheverynamewebear-UnitedStates.Withoutthem,wewouldbeamereallianceofmanysepaeateparts."
8.Thegreatestbenefitbroughtaboutbytheinterstatesystemwas___________
9.Trucksusingtheinterstatehighwaysdelivermorethan__________________
10.TheinterterstatesystermwasrenamedafterEisenhowerinrecognition_____________
参考答案：1.YNNG2.YNNG3.YNONG5.YNNG6.YNNG7.YNNG
参考答案：08.personalfreedomofmobility
参考答案：09.75percent
参考答案：10.hisvisionandleadership
PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)
SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D],anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
11.[A]Waitforthesaletostart.
[B]Getfurtherinformationaboutthesale.
[C]CalltheTVstationtobesureiftheadistrue.
[D]Buyanewsuit.
12.[A]Hedoesn’tthinkthatJohnisill.
[B]HethinksthatperhapsJohnisnotinverygoodhealth.
[C]HeisawarethatJohnisill.
[D]Hedoesn’tthinkthatJohnhasaverygoodknowledgeofphysics.
13.[A]Beforesix.[B]Atsix.[C]Aftersix.[D]Afterseven.
14.[A]Itisbigger.[B]Ithasaprettiercolor.
[C]Ithasalargeryard.[D]Itisbrighter.
15.[A]AustralianandAmerican.[B]Guestandhost.
[C]Husbandandwife.[D]Professorandstudent.
16.[A]1∶30.[B]11∶00.[C]9∶30.[D]10∶00.
17.[A]Heprefersstayingathomebecausethebusistoolate.
[B]Heprefersstayingathomebecausehedoesn’tliketotravel.
[C]Hepreferstakingabusbecausetheplanemakeshimnervous.
[D]Hepreferstravelingwiththewoman.
18.[A]Hethinkssheshouldvisithercousin.
[B]Hercousindoesn’tvisitveryoften.
[C]Hercousinisfeelingalotbettertoday.
[D]Hedoesn’tthinkhercousinhasbeenathometoday.
Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
19.[A]Twodifferenttypesofbonesinthehumanbody.
[B]Howboneshelpthebodymove.
[C]Howbonescontinuouslyrepairthemselves.
[D]Thechemicalcompositionofhumanbones.
20.[A]Theydefendtheboneagainstviruses.
[B]Theypreventoxygenfromenteringthebone.
[C]Theybreakdownbonetissue.
[D]Theyconnectthebonetomuscletissue.
21.[A]Theyhavedifficultyidentifyingthesecells.
[B]Theyaren’tsurehowthesecellswork.
[C]They’velearnedhowtoreproducethesecells.
[D]They’vefoundsimilarcellsinotherspecies.
22.[A]Tolearnhowtopreventabonedisease.
[B]Tounderstanddifferencesbetweenbonetissueandothertissue.
[C]Tofindouthowspecializedbonecellshaveevolved.
[D]Tocreateartificialbonetissue.
Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
23.[A]Anewfuelforbuses.
[B]Thecausesofairpollution.
[C]Awaytoimprovefuelefficiencyinbuses.
[D]Careersinenvironmentalengineering.
24.[A]Hercarisbeingrepaired.
[B]Shewantstohelpreducepollution.
[C]Parkingisdifficultinthecity.
[D]Thecostoffuelhasincreased.
25.[A]Afuelthatburnscleanly.
[B]Anoiladditivethathelpscoolengines.
[C]Amaterialfromwhichfiltersaremade.
[D]Aninsulatingmaterialsprayedonengineparts.
SectionB
Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
Questions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
26.[A]Fromthreetofivemonths.[B]Threemonths.[C]Fivemonths.[D]Fourmonths.
27.[A]Watchtraffic.[B]Obeycommands.[C]Crossstreetssafely.[D]Guardthedoor.
28.[A]Threeweeks.[B]Twoweeks.[C]Fourweeks.[D]Fiveweeks.
PassageTwo
Questions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
29.[A]Twotofourtimes.[B]Fourtosixtimes.[C]Fourtoeighttimes.[D]Sixtotentimes.
30.[A]SleepingpillsmadepeoplegointoREMsleepquickly.
[B]Peoplehadmoredreamsaftertheytooksleepingpills.
[C]Peoplebecameangryeasilybecausetheydidn’ttakesleepingpills.
[D]SleepingpillspreventedpeoplefromgoingintoREMsleep.
31.[A]Peopledreamsoastosleepbetter.
[B]PeopledreaminordernottogointoREMsleep.
[C]Becausetheymayrunintodifficultproblemsintheirdreams.
[D]Becauseintheirdreamstheymayfindtheanswerstotheirproblems.
PassageThree
Questions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
32.[A]Asalesrepresentative.[B]Astoremanager.[C]Acommitteechairperson.[D]Aclasspresident.
33.[A]Todeterminewhowillgraduatethisyear.
[B]Todiscusstheseatingarrangement.
[C]Tochoosethechairpersonoftheceremonies.
[D]Tobeginplanningthegraduationceremonies.
34.[A]Theirnames,phonenumbersandjobpreference.
[B]Thenamesandaddressesoftheirguests.
[C]Thenamesofthecommitteetheyworkedonlastyear.
[D]Theirdormitoryname,addressandphonenumber.
35.[A]Inanhour.[B]Nextweek.[C]Inonemonth.[D]Nextyear.
PartIIIListeningComprehension
SectionA
11.WIjustsawanad.ontelevisionthatsaidmen’ssuitswereonsalestodayandtomorrowatConrad’sMen’sWear.
MGreat!That’sjustwhatI’vebeenwaitingfor.
QWhatwillthemanprobablydo?
【解析】[D]男士说男士套装的特价销售正是他一直等待着的。所以从他的态度可判断，他要去买件男装。
12.W:IsJohnreallyill?
M:It’shardtosay.Idoubtthere’sanythingwrongwithhimphysically.
Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?
【解析】[A]从男士的话“我怀疑约翰的身体没有任何问题”中可看出答案。
13.M:Doyouknowifthebookshopisstillopen?
W:Yes,it’sopentillsix.
Q:Whendoyouthinkthisconversationtookplace?
【解析】[A]女士说书店现在还开着，一直开到六点呢，说明现在的时间是在六点之前。
14.M:Ofthetwohouseswesawtoday,whichdoyouprefer?
W:Ithinkthewhiteoneisprettier,butthebrickonehasabiggeryard,soIlikeitbetter.
Q:Whydoesthewomanlikethebrickhousebetterthanthewhitehouse?
【解析】[C]女士明确指出thebrickonehasabiggeryard,soIlikeitbetter。
15.M:Honey,we’llhaveaguestfromAustralia,afriendofmine.He’llstayinCaliforniafortwoweeks.
W:Yes.YourfriendAndy.HewasyourclassmateatLondonUniversity,wasn’the?
Q:Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?
【解析】[C]男士称女士为honey,证明两人关系亲密，由此可判断两人关系为夫妻。
16.M:Whenwillthemeetingbegin?
W:Accordingtothescheduleitshouldbeat9:30.Itwilllastforanhourandahalf.
Q:Whenwillthemeetingbeclosed?
【解析】[B]根据女士所说的话，根据时刻表会议930开始，持续一个半小时，那么即11：00结束。
17.W:IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeaplaneinsteadofabus.Itwilltakeyouforevertogothere.
M:Butflyingmakesmesonervous.
Q:Whatdoesthemanprefertodo?
【解析】[C]女士建议男士乘飞机，男士回答说飞行让他精神紧张，说明男士还是愿意乘坐公共汽车。
18.W:I’vebeenthinkingaboutmycousinalottoday.
M:Whynotgooverforavisit?
Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?
【解析】[A]男士说的Whynotgooverforavisit即是在建议女士去看望她的堂兄。
Nowyou’llheartwolongconversations.
ConversationOne
W:OK,lastnightyouweresupposedtoreadanarticleabouthumanbones.Arethereanycommentsaboutit?
M:Well,tobeginwith,Iwassurprisedtofindouttherewassomuchgoingoninbones.Ialwaysassumedtheywereprettylifeless.
W:Well,that’sanassumptionmanypeoplemake.Butthefactisbonesaremadeofdynamiclivingtissuethatrequirescontinuousmaintenanceandrepair.
M:Right.That’soneofthethingsIfoundsofascinatingaboutthearticlethewaythebonesrepairthemselves.
W:OK.Socanyoutellushowthebonesrepairthemselves?
M:Sure.See,therearetwogroupsofdifferenttypesofspecializedcellsinthebonethatworktogethertodoit.Thefirstgroupgoestoanareaofthebonethatneedsrepair.Thisgroupofcellsproducesthechemicalthatactuallybreaksdownthebonetissue,andleavesaholeinit.Afterthatthesecondgroupofspecializedcellscomesandproducesthenewtissuethatfillsintheholethatwasmadebythefirstgroup.
W:Verygood.Thisisaverycomplexprocess.Infact,thescientistswhostudyhumanbonesdon’tcompletelyunderstandityet.Theyarestilltryingtofindouthowitallactuallyworks.Specifically,becausesometimesafterthefirstgroupofcellsleavesaholeinthebonetissue,forsomereason,thesecondgroupdoesn’tcompletelyfillinthehole.Andthiscancauserealproblems.Itcanactuallyleadtoadiseaseinwhichthebonebecomesweakandiseasilybroken.
M:OK,Igetit.Soifthescientistscanfigureoutwhatmakesthespecializedcellswork,maybetheycanfindawaytomakesurethesecondgroupofcellscompletelyfillstheholeinthebonetissueeverytime.That’llpreventthediseasefromeveroccurring.
Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
19.Whatisthediscussionmainlyabout?
【解析】[C]对话一开始就谈论人类骨骼的问题，女士说Butthefactisbonesaremadeofdynamiclivingtissuethatrequirescontinuousmaintenanceandrepair.后面的对话都是针对这个话题展开的讨论，可见整个对话讨论的话题是骨骼的自我修复能力。
20.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstgroupofspecializedcellsdiscussedinthetalk?
【解析】[C]男士解释了第一组细胞的作用，第一组细胞生成一种化学物质分解骨组织(Thisgroupofcellsproducesthechemicalthatactuallybreaksdownthebonetissue...)，由此可见答案是Theybreakdownbonetissue.
21.Whatdoestheprofessorsayaboutscientistswhostudythespecializedcellsinhumanbones?
【解析】[B]女士说这种特殊细胞作用于人类骨骼的过程相当复杂，事实上，连研究人类骨骼的科学家都不能完全了解这个过程。从这一句中可以知道：Infact,thescientistswhostudyhumanbonesdon’tcompletelyunderstandityet.所以答案即是这些科学家也不完全知道这些细胞如何工作。
22.Accordingtothestudent,whichisoneimportantpurposeofstudyingspecializedcellsinhumanbones?
【解析】[A]学习这些人类骨骼中的特殊细胞的重要目的是为了学习如何预防骨头疾病。从男士的这一句话中可看出：That’llpreventthediseasefromeveroccurring.这样可以在疾病发生之前预防疾病，可见[A]符合题意。
ConversationTwo
M:HiDiana,mindifIsitdown?
W:Notatall,Jerry.Howhaveyoubeen?
M:Good.ButI’msurprisedtoseeyouonthecitybus.Yourcarintheshop?
W:No.I’vejustbeenthinkingalotabouttheenvironmentlately.SoIdecidedtheairwillbealotcleanerifweallusepublictransportationwhenwecould.
M:I’msureyouareright.Thedieselbusisn’texactlypollutionfree.
W:True.They’llberunningalotcleanersoon.Wewerejusttalkingaboutthatinmyenvironmentalengineeringclass.
M:Whatcouldthecitydo?Installpollutionfiltersinalltheirbuses?
W:Theycould,butthosefiltersmaketheenginesworkharderandreallycutdownonthefuelefficiency.Insteadtheyfoundawaytomaketheirenginesmoreefficient.
M:How?
W:Well,thereisamaterialthat’sareallygoodinsulator.Andathincoatofitgetssprayedonthecertainpartoftheengine.
M:Aninsulator?
W:Yeah.Whatitdoesisreflectbacktheheatofburningfuel.Sothefuelwillburnmuchhotterandburnupmorecompletely.
M:Soalotlessunburnedfuelcomesouttopollutetheair.
W:Andthebuswillneedlessfuel.Sowiththesavingonfuelcost,theysaythiswillallpayforitselfinjustsixmonths.
M:Soundslikepeopleshouldallgooutandgetsomethisstufftospraytheircarengines.
W:Well,it’snotreallythateasy.Yousee,normally,thematerialsarefinepowder.Tomeltitsoyoucansprayacoatofitontheengineparts,youfirsthavetoheatitover10,000degreesandthen,well,yougettheidea.It’snotsomethingyouorIwillbeabletodoourselves.
Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
23.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?
【解析】[C]女士说为了环保应该多乘坐公共交通设备，因此之后的话题便围绕如何节能保护环境的问题展开。这段对话主要讨论的是公共汽车的节能问题，讨论了如何让公共汽车燃料更有效的利用，因此[C]符合题意。
24.Whydidthewomandecidetoridethecitybus?
【解析】[B]对话开头部分就交代了此题答案，那位女士说她不开自己的车而乘坐公共汽车是为了降低环境污染。从她提到的SoIdecidedtheairwillbealotcleanerifweallusepublictransportationwhenwecould即可得知。
25.Whatisthenewmaterial?
【解析】[D]这种新的材料是在引擎部位喷洒的一种绝缘材料。从女士的话中thereisamaterialthat’sareallygoodinsulator.Andathincoatofitgetssprayedonthecertainpartoftheengine即可得出。这种材料的用途是将燃料燃烧的热量反射回去，从而达到提高效率的结果。
SectionB
PassageOne
Aguidedogisadogespeciallytrainedtoguideablindperson.Dogschosenforsuchtrainingmustshowgoodintelligence,physicalfitness,andresponsibility.
Attheageofaboutfourteenmonths,aguidedogbeginsanintensivecoursethatlastsfromthreetofivemonths.Itbecomesaccustomedtotheleatherharnessandstiffleatherhandleitwillwearwhenguidingitsblindowner.Thedoglearnstowatchtrafficandtocrossstreetssafely.Italsolearnstoobeyanycommandthatmightleaditsownerintodanger.
Themostimportantpartofthetrainingcourseisafour-weekprograminwhichtheguidedoganditsfutureownerlearntoworktogether.However,manyblindpeopleareunsuitedbypersonalitytoworkdogs.Onlyaboutatenthoftheblindfindaguidedoguseful.
Questions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
26.Howlongdoestheintensivecourselast?
【解析】[A]文中明确提到anintensivecoursethatlastsfromthreetofivemonths，因此正确答案为[A]。
27.Whichofthefollowingisnotanecessaryskillguidedogshavetolearn?
【解析】[D]答案依据是Thedoglearnstowatchtrafficandtocrossstreetssafely.Italsolearnstoobeyanycommandthatmightleaditsownerintodanger.从这两句中可看出看家不属于导盲犬训练范围内的技能。
28.Howlongdoesthemostimportanttrainingcourselast?
【解析】[C]最重要的训练课程持续四周。文中明确指出了本题答案。Themostimportantpartofthetrainingcourseisafourweekprogram，从此句中即可看出。
PassageTwo
Peopledreamfourtosixtimesanight.TheydreamwhiletheyareintheREMstageofsleep,whichmeansrapideyemovementstageinone’ssleep.SleepersgointotheREMstageaboutevery90minutes.Thefirstdreamofthenightmaylastabouttenminutes.Eachdreamgetsalittlelonger.Thelastdreamofthenightmaybeanhourlong.
Peopleneedtheirdreams.Youngerchildrenspendmoretimedreaming.BabiesspendalmosthalfoftheirsleepintheREMstage.
Oneexperimentshowedthateveryoneneedstodream.Doctorsgavesomepeoplesleepingpills.Thesesleepingpillsdidn’tletthemgotoREMsleep.Afterafewnightswithoutdreams,theybegantofeelbad.Theybecameangryeasily,theyworriedalot,andtheywantedtofightwitheveryone.Thentheystoppedtakingthesleepingpills.Theyallbegantodreamallnightforafewnightstocatchup.
Whydopeopledream?Dreamsgivethemtimetofindtheanswerstosomeoftheirproblems.Iftheythinktheywillhavedifficultproblemsthenextday,theymayspendmoretimeonREMsleepthenightbefore.Intheirdreams,theymayfindananswertotheirproblems.
Questions29to31arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
29.Howoftendoesapersondreameachnight?
【解析】[B]文章一开始即交代了一个人一晚上要做梦四到六次。从第一句就可看出Peopledreamsfourtosixtimesanight.因此，答案为[B]。
30.Whatistrueaccordingtothispassage?
【解析】[D]安眠药会阻止人们进入REM睡眠状态。Thesesleepingpillsdidn’tletthemgotoREMsleep.可看出[D]项正确。
31.Whydopeopledream?
【解析】[D]文中明确给出了答案Dreamsgivethemtimetofindtheanswerstosomeoftheirproblems.因为在梦中人可以找到自己的问题的答案。
PassageThree
O.K.,everybody.Canwestartthemeetingnow?I’mJeffMilton,thechairpersonoftheGraduationCommitteeforthisyear.You’veallbeenselectedasrepresentativestoplanthegraduationceremonies.I’msendingaroundthesheetofpaperforyoutofillinyournameandtelephonenumber.Also,pleasewritedownwhatpartoftheceremoniesyouwouldliketoworkon.Remember,asarepresentative,youwillhavealotofresponsibilities.Soonlysignupifyoufeelyouhavethetimetoparticipate.Wheneveryonehasfinishedwritingdowntheinformation,pleasereturnthepapertome.Atournextmeetingoneweekfromtoday,we’llstarttodiscussthedetailsoftheceremonies.
Questions32to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
32.Whoisthespeaker?
【解析】[C]从文章开头说话者的自我介绍就可以知道他是这个委员会的主席。
33.Whatisthepurposeofthemeeting?
【解析】[D]在座的代表都是被选来计划毕业典礼的事。
34.Whatshouldthestudentswriteonthepaper?
【解析】[A]在座的学生应该在表格上填写姓名、电话以及工作意向。
35.Whenisthenextmeeting?
【解析】[B]从这句话Atournextmeetingoneweekfromtoday可知下次会议在下周召开。
PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)
SectionA
Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinbankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.
Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
PerhapslikemostAmericansyouhavesomeextrapoundsto47.Youmayevenhavetriedafaddietortwo,butfoundyourselfrightbackwhereyoustarted.Thekeytoweightlossisregular48activity.Andsurprisingly,youdon''thavetogiveupeatingormakethegymyoursecondhometoseelong-term,49effects.
Youbodyneedsacertainamountofenergytomaintainbasic50suchasbreathing,bloodcirculationanddigestion.Theenergyrequiredtokeepyourorgansfunctioningisreferredtoastherestingorbasalmetabolicrate.
Anytimeyouareactive,51energyisrequired.Itisobtainedfromglycogenandfatstoredintheblood,liver,andmuscles.Thekeytolosingweightistodrawonthefatratherthanonthecarbohydratereserves.
Whichofthetwoenergysourcesyouusedependsontheintensityand52ofyouractivity.Thehighertheintensity,themoreyourbodywillpullfromthestoredcarbohydrates.Thelowertheintensity,themoreyourbodywill53onfatasitsfuel.
Aerobicexerciseismost54forweightloss.Whenyouperformaerobicactivitiesyou55contractlargemusclegroupssuchasyourlegsandarms.Walking,running,rollerblading,swimming,dancing,andjumpingjacksareallformsofaerobicactivity.
Surprisingly,ifyouraerobicactivityislowtomoderatelyintenseandoflongduration,youwillburnmorefatthanifyouhad56inashortburstofhigh-intensityexercise.Inshort,abrisk30-minutewalkwillburnfatwhilea100-yardsprintwillburnglycogen.
[A]positive
[B]additional
[C]duration
[D]effective
[E]shed
[F]physical
[G]food
[H]functions[I]participated
[J]rely
[K]cut
[L]repeatedly
[M]uses
[N]little
[O]obvious
SectionB
Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatement.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.
PassageOne
Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Therearemanywaysofdefiningsuccess.Itisaccuratetosaythateachofushasourownconceptofsuccesstotheextentthateachofusisresponsibleforsettingourowngoalsanddeterminingwhetherwehavemetthesegoalssatisfactorily.Becauseeachofuspossessesuniquedifferencesingeneticabilityandfavorableenvironmentsinwhichtoexpresstheseabilities,itisnecessarilytruethatwemustdefinesuccessbroadly.
Forsomepeople,simplybeingabletolivetheirlifewithaminimumofmiseryandsufferingisconsideredasuccess.Thinkofthepeaceofmindofthepoorshepherdwhotendshissheep,enjoyshisfrugallifewithhisfamilyinthebeautyofnature,andwhoisrespectedbecausehedoesagoodjobofachievingthegoalsexpectedofandacceptedbyhisandhissociety.Ontheotherhand,itseemsthateventhoughsomepeopleappeartoberichinmaterialpossessions,manyofthemseemtobemiserableandconsiderthemselvesunsuccessfulwhenjudgedbytheirownstandardsofsuccess.Becausenotallventurescanbesuccessful,oneshouldnotsetunrealisticgoalsforachievingsuccess,butifonehasself-confidenceitwouldbeunfortunatetosetone''sgoalsattoolowalevelofachievement.
Awisecounseloroncesaidtoayoungmanwhowasexperiencingfrustrationwithhisownprofessionalsuccess:"Youdonothavetosetyourgoaltoreachthemooninordertohavesuccessintraveling.Sometimesonecanbeverysuccessfulmerelybytakingawalkintheparkorridingthesubwaydowntown,"Thecounseloradded,"Youhavenotreallyfailedandspoiledyourchancesforsuccessuntilyouhavebeenunsuccessfulatsomethingyoureallylike,andtowhichyouhavegivenyoubesteffort."
57.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorimpliesthat________areessentialinachievingsuccess.
[A]abilityandgoals[C]abilityandenvironment
[B]goalsanddetermination[D]goalsandenvironment
58.Theword"frugal"(Line2,Para.2)means________.
[A]wealthy[C]thrifty
[B]wasteful[D]miserable
59.Somerichpeopleconsiderthemselvesunsuccessfulbecause________.
[A]theirlifeismiserable[C]theirgoalsaretoolow
[B]theydonotliveinpeace[D]theyarenotrichenoughbytheirownstandards.
60.Thelastparagraphimpliesthat________.
[A]weshouldhavehighgoals[C]successmeanstakingawalkinthepark
[B]successmeansachievinggreatgoals[D]successmeanstryingone''sbestatwhatone
reallylikes
61.Thispassagemainlytalksabout________.
[A]thedefinitionofsuccess[C]howtosetgoals
[B]howtoachievesuccess[D]theimportanceofgoals
PassageTwo
Questions62to66arebasedinthefollowingpassage.
WhenMikeKellyfirstsetouttobuildhisownprivatespace-ferryservice,hefigureshisbread-and-butterbusinesswouldbeloftingsatelliteintohighearthorbit.Nowhethinkshemayhavefiguredwrong."Peoplewerealwaysaskingmewhentheycouldgo,"saysKelly,whorunsKellySpaceTechnology,"Irealizedtherealmarketisinspacetourism."
Accordingtopreliminarymarketsurveys,thereare10,000would-bespacetouristswillingtospend$1millioneachtovisitthefinalfrontier.SpaceAdventuresinArlingtonhavetakenmorethan130depositsforatwo-hour,$98,000spacetourtentativelysettooccurby2005.Thismaysoundgreat,butthereareafewhurdles.Puttingasimplesatelliteintoorbit—withnooxygen,lifesupportorreturntripnecessary—alreadycostsandastronomical$2,200/kg.Andthatdoesn''tincludethecostofinsuringrichandpossiblylitigious(爱打官司的)passengers.Theentiregroupofentrepreneurstryingtocornerthespacetourismmarkethasbetweenthem"justenoughmoneytoblowuponerocket".
TheU.S.spaceagencyhasplentyofmoneybutzerointerestinmakingspacelessexpensiveforthelittleguys.Sothelittleguysareracingtodowhatthegovernmenthasfailedtodo:designareusablelaunchsystemthat''sinexpensive,safeandreliable.KellySpace''sprototypelookslikeaplanethathassproutedrocketengines.RotaryRocketinCaliforniahasaboosterwithrotorstomakeahelicopter-stylereturntoearth.Thefirstpassengercountdownsarestillyearsaway,butbureaucratsattheFederalAviationAdministrationinWashingtonarealreadyinformallydiscussingflightregulations.Afterall,youcan''tbetoopreparedforatriptothatgalaxyfar,faraway.
62.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?
[A]TakeVacationsinSpace[C]FlightRegulationsinSpaceTravels
[B]BuildingHotelsinSpace[D]CostofSpaceTraveling
63.Thephrase"bread-and-butterbusiness"(Line1,Pare.1)mostprobablymeans________.
[A]abusinesstosellbreadandbutter[C]thebusinesstomakealiving
[B]abusinesstoproducebreadandbutter[D]atravelingagency
64.Howmuchisthe2-hourspacetourforeachpersonaccordingtoSpaceAdventuresinArlington?
[A]$1million.[B]$10,000.[C]$98,000[D]$22,000
65.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
[A]Thebiggesthurdleforthespace-tourismprojectislackofalifesupportingsystem.
[B]Theentrepreneurstryingtoexplorethespace-tourismhaveplentyofmoney.
[C]Thegovernmenthaslittleinterestsinthisproject.
[D]Thefirstpassengercountdownsarewithinafewyears.
66.What''stheauthor''stoneinthelastsentenceofthepassage?
[A]Objective.[C]Approving.
[B]Ironical.[D]Enthusiastic.
PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)
SectionA
47.E该空需填入动词原形，结合原意“和大多数美国人一梯状，你(的体重)可能也有几磅需要________”可知，E(去除)最符合文意。
48.F结合常识和下文可知，F最符合文意。
49.A结合句意“令人惊奇的是，为了看到长期________效果你不必节食或常去健身馆”，可知空格处需填一形容词，初选后留下A、D。由于下文只是讲到运动会帮助减肥，但并未说明它的效果明显，所以此处宜选用意思上更宽泛的positive(正面的，有效的)。
50.H下文举例的breathing,bloodcirculationanddigestion都是人体的基本功能，且其后的functioning已给出了提示，故H最符合文意。
51.B该空需填入形容词，结合常识和句意“任何时候只要你活动，你都需要________能量”来看选项，B(额外的)符合文意。
52.C该句句意为“采用这两种能量消耗来源中的哪一种取决于你活动的强度和________”，结合下文提到的...lowtomoderatelyintenseandoflongduration...可知C最符合文意。
53.J结合句意“(活动的)强度越低，身体越________于脂肪作为其燃料”，该空应填入能和on搭配的动词，J最符合文意。
54.D结合常识可知，有氧运动是最有效的减肥方式，选项中D最符合文意。
55.L该空需填入副词，选项中只有L和N可作副词，由下文提到的walking,running,swimming,dancing,andjumping等可推知在这些有氧运动中四肢的活动是反复的，故排除N。
56.I该空需填入动词的过去分词，结合句意“如果你已经________高强度、爆发性的运动，你会燃烧更多的脂肪”可知I最符合文意。
SectionB
PassageOne
57.C推断题。由文章第一段最后一句可知，由于我们每个人天生的能力和后天成长的环境不同，所以我们对成功的定义很泛，由此可以推断，作者认为能力和环境是获得成功的基本条件，故选C。
58.C语义题。结合文章第二段第二句中的poorshepherd(贫穷的牧羊人)和选项可以推断，C(节约的)正确，thrifty意为“节俭的，朴素的”;wealthy(富有的)，wasteful(浪费的)，miserable(悲惨的)均排除。
59.D细节题。文章第二段倒数第二句指出，有的人已经很富有了却认为自己不成功是因为他们是根据自己的目标判断成功与否的，所以D正确。
60.D推断题。文章最后一句指出，在没有尽全力做自己喜欢的事而失败之前，失败都不算真正的失败，由此推断，文章最后一段暗示，成功就是尽全力做自己喜欢的事情，所以D正确。
61.A主旨题。本文第一句是全文的主题句，即每个人对成功的定义都不同，在接下来的几段中作者从不同角度定义了成功，所以A正确。
PassageTwo
62.A主旨题。通读全文可知，文章讨论的是太空旅游业的可行性，所以A正确。其他三项均没有全面概括文章大意。
63.C语义题。文章第一段首句指出，“麦克开始倒立自己的太空旅行社时，他构想他的________将能把人造卫星送上地球轨道”。A(卖面包和黄油的生意)，B(生产面包和黄油的生意)，C(谋生生意)，D(旅游中介)四个选项中，C最符合题意。bread-and-butter意为“实用的，生计的”。
64.C细节题。文章第二段第二句指出，公司收取了130多份定金，费用是两小时98，000美元，所以C正确。
65.C推断题。文章第三段提到，太空旅行最大的困难是资金问题，美国政府对此没什么兴趣，所以C正确;A(计划的最大困难是生命维持系统问题)，B(开发此市场的企业家们有足够的资金)，D(首次航行在几年内就可实现)，均与原文不符，故排除。
66.B观点态度题。根据上下文可知，作者认为实现太空旅行还很遥远，而有人却已经开始制定规划了，作者的话语中(thatgalaxyfar,faraway)含有讽刺意味，所以B正确;A(客观的)，C(赞同的)、D(热衷的)均不正确。
PartVCloze(15minutes)
Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.Foreachblanktherearefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D]ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.
Readinginvolveslookingatgraphicsymbolsandformulatingmentallythesoundsandideastheyrepresent.Conceptsofreadinghavechanged67overthecenturies.Duringthe1950sespecially,increasedattentionhasbeendevotedto68anddescribingthereadingprocess.69specialistsagreethatreading70acomplexorganizationofhighermental71,theydisagree72theexactnatureoftheprocess.Someexperts,whoregardlanguageprimarilyasacodeusingsymbolstorepresentsounds,73readingassimplythedecodingofsymbolstothesoundstheystand74.
Theseauthorities75thatmeaning,beingconcernedwiththinking,mustbetaughtindependentlyofthedecodingprocess.Othersmaintainthatreadingis76relatedtothinking,andthatachildwhopronouncessoundswithout77theirmeaningisnottrulyreading.Thereader,78tosome,isnotjustapersonwithatheoreticalabilitytoreadbutonewho79reads.
Manyadults,althoughtheyhavetheabilitytoread,haveneverreadabookinits80.Bysomeexpertstheywouldnotbe81asreaders.Clearly,thephilosophy,objectives,methodsandmaterialsofreadingwilldependonthedefinitiononeuses.Bythemost82andsatisfactorydefinition,readingistheabilityto83thesoundsymbols''codeofthelanguage,tointerpretmeaningforvarious84,atvariousrates,andatvariouslevelsofdifficulty,andtodo85widelyandenthusiastically.86short,readingistheinterpretationofideasthroughtheuseofsymbolsrepresentingsoundsandideas.
67.[A]substantively[B]substantially[C]substitutively[D]subjectively
68.[A]distributing[B]promoting[C]defining[D]reporting0
69.[A]Although[B]If[C]Unless[D]Until
70.[A]involves[B]takes[C]reveals[D]invites
71.[A]opinions[B]effects[C]manners[D]functions
72.[A]of[B]about[C]for[D]into
73.[A]view[B]look[C]reassure[D]agree
74.[A]by[B]to[C]off[D]for
75.[A]content[B]contend[C]contempt[D]contact
76.[A]inexplicably[B]inexpressibly[C]inextricably[D]inexpediently
77.[A]interpreting[B]telling[C]explaining[D]reading
78.[A]like[B]for[C]according[D]as
79.[A]totally[B]usually[C]mainly[D]actually
80.[A]part[B]entirety[C]chapter[D]section
81.[A]claimed[B]said[C]classified[D]graded
82.[A]inclusive[B]inclinable[C]conclusive[D]complicated
83.[A]break[B]elaborate[C]define[D]unlock
84.[A]purposes[B]degrees[C]stages[D]steps
85.[A]such[B]soas[C]so[D]suchas
86.[A]By[B]In[C]On[D]To
【参考答案】
67.B词义辨析题。subjectively意为“实质地”，substantially意为“充分地，很多地”，substitutively意为“可替代地”，subjectively意为“主观地”。本句的意思是“经过几个世纪，阅读的概念已经________改变了。”选项B与句意最符。
68.C介词用法题。本句中的to是介词，应该接名词或动名词。结合其后anddescribingthereadingprocess可知，应选C。
69.A词义辨析题。两个分句的谓语分别是agree和disagree，由此可知，这两个分句应为转折关系，故选A。
70.A词义辨析题。involve意为“卷入，包括”，take意为“拿走，获得”，reveal意为“显示，揭露”，invite意为“邀请”，结合句意“专家们认为阅读________更高的、更复杂的智力活动”，A最符合。
71.D词义辨析题。mentalfunction意为“智力活动”，故选D。opinion意为“意见”，manner意为“行为”，effect意为“影响”，这三项与mental搭配均不符合句意，故排除。
72.B惯用搭配题。disagreeabout/on意为“对……有不同意见”，故选B。
73.A惯用搭配题。view...as是惯用搭配，意为“把……看做”，故选A。look是不及物动词，如需使用，应用lookat。
74.D惯用搭配题。standfor意为“代表”，standby意为“支持”，standto意为“遵守”，standoff意为“疏远”，结合句意可知，D正确。
75.B词义辨析题。content意为“内容”，contend意为“争论，主张”，contemp意为“轻视”，contact意为“接触”，结合句意可知，B正确。
76.A词义辨析题。inexplicably意为“无法解释地”，inexpressibly意为“说不出地”，inextricably意为“解决不了地”，inexpediently意为“不明智地”，结合句意可知，A正确。
77.A词义辨析题。本句意为“一个孩子能读出声而不________所读的含义，不能叫做真正的阅读。”故选A(了解，理解)。explain意为“解释”，真正的阅读并不需要去解释什么，而是要理解所读材料的意思。
78.C词义辨析题。some在句中指代与authorities持不同观点的人，空格与后面的tosome共同构成插入语，accordingto为固定搭配，该插入语意为“根据有些人的观点”，故选C。
79.D词义辨析题。totally意为“完全地”，usually意为“通常”，mainly意为“大体地”，均不符合句意，排除。actually意为“实际上”，下一句对其进行了反向解释，即有阅读能力的许多成年人，并未全面读过一本书。言外之意，他们实际上不算读者，故选D。
80.B词义辨析题。part意为“部分，零件”，entirety意为“整体”，chapter意为“章”，section意为“部分，节”，initsentirety意为“整体地，全面地”，由此可知B正确。
81.C词义辨析题。beclassifiedas意为“被划分，被分类到”，符合句意，故选C。
82.C词义辨析题。conclusive意为“确定的”，themostconclusive是其最高级，指最确定的，故选C。inclusive意为“包括的，包围的”，inclinable意为“倾向于，赞成的”，complicated意为“复杂的”，均不符合句意。
83.D词义辨析题。unlock意为“解开，破译”，符合句意，故选D。break意为“破裂”，elaborate意为“详细说明”，define意为“解释”，均不符合句意。
84.A词义辨析题。由句意“为了不同的________而对意思进行解释”，可知A正确。forvariouspurposes意为“出于各种各样的原因”。
85.C词义辨析题。so用在do之后代表上文提到的具体动作，以避免重复，故选C。
86.B惯用搭配题。结合上下文可知，此处要做总结，四个选项中只有B能和short构成短语inshort(总之)。
PartVITranslation(5minutes)
【参考答案】
87.sinceweintroducedcolorphotographsonthefrontpage
本句为现在完成时，再结合中文部分的内容可知，该部分应译成since引导的时间状语从句。为了强调此处的“采用”是从无到有的运用，应将其译成introduce，而不是单纯表示“运用”的use。
88.morecomplicateanimalsdevelopedfromthesimpleanimals
本题的考点是“高等动物”和“低等动物”的译法，即complicatedanimals和simpleanimals。值得注意的是，某些中文表达在英语中很难找到相对应的单词，此时往往可以用词组将中文的含义表达出来。
89.I''dliketoorderonefriedeggandbacon
外出吃饭时，点菜所用的动词可用order或have，此处为了避免与下句动词重复，用order更好。而在表示主观意愿的“想要”时，常用I''dliketo来表示。
90.becauseofthesweettasteandavarietyofflavors
本题的考点是“多种口味”的译法，可用avarietyof，强调种类繁多。alotof虽然也表示“很多的”，但指的只是数量上的多，意思不够贴切。
91.Scientistswillcomeupwith
本题的考点是“提出”的译法。此处“提出”的宾语是methods，故采用短语comeupwith表达此意。
Directions:CompletethesentencesonAnswerSheet2bytranslatingintoEnglishtheChinesegiveninbrackets.
87.Thecirculationfigureshaverisen________________________(自从我们在头版上采用了彩色照片后).
88.Ibelieveinthetheorythat________________________(高等动物是由低等动物发展而来的).
89._______________________(我要点一份煎蛋和熏肉),andmycolleaguewillhavetwoeggsontoast.
90.Childrenlovesoftdrinks,________________________(因为它味道很甜而且有多种口味).
91.________________________(科学家们将会提出)newmethodsofincreasingtheworld''sfoodsupply.
新东方英语四级：http://edu.21cn.com/kcnet1820/
新东方英语四级：http://edu.21cn.com/kcnet1820/
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