71
ù?8 ?R
EVIEWS
Z £?M¥??ZE
Asummaryofdeterminationmethodsofironinseawater
冯媛媛1,刘东艳2,张曼平1,李静1
(1.?SZvD?D?yDy,?ê]?266003;2.?SZvDZ 3Dy,?ê]?266003)
?ms ?|:P734.4óDS M ?:AócI|:1000-3096(2004)01-0071-05
M1 T?¥~15.6%[1],? ^Z £?¥
i???,+Y ^v?oμ0.05~2nmol/L[2]b
??Z £8"¥ 3t1o?DV??,M ^B?
@^×¥í íb+Y ^?3±t,M¥×1?ùù
?V
?± í í,±t¥;?T¨aè0?
ya?¥?ea= s í???Z ?μ×1T¨[3]b
? ?2v[2]?? tü[4]¥Z×,]?
¥?1?!÷(?a aA)¥úiM1,?3±t
¥ 3t ???bíM ?¥ù?V ü?tu×¥ 3t
^?MK?¥[5]b? tüZ×(IronEX)[4]?
12v(SORIREE)[6]¥VaZ £ @M L (?á
?3±t) 3á ?¥A÷9F[#v?¥??
=?i¥A÷??b?t2TV ü,tZ
ìa?M¥i V[K?( ?¥ 3t ,??K?
V?=?[7]=J ;[8]¥Z-?D[# ?
-á 3¥?o ;?ì??M?á 3?v¥?
Yb ù?1 7 ?¥v £,íá £Yècμ?úi
¥·3 ?M,? ^μ?V ü, ?SF ??De
¥íáZu??M¥c ?@9?á ) 3á ?
¥K?[9]b
1 4úé ¥ ? [éB?4úM¥ 3
t1o?D?ì?M¥?]? ?D?3±t-W¥
MoT¨¥a M,Z £?·3 ?¥M#M¥? ?¥?
?31 2 ù V L¥sZEb+Y ^Z £??c
M¥??÷31 μ?_K¥s/ ?b
1取样及保存方法
Mí í L ia L?[#? k4?¥
<Wi??á|"aV ra?i#sV??¥
ê?b7O,?"?"?T=Cμ V?·3 ??
? ?Mé??7h ·A?M¥ib1 ]?ê
?,VK¥ k4T!′?Ka¥s¨ ?A??
|?쥱êyT??[10],? k4T#"?T3¨?
B÷ ???Bà ?a¨?B £ %!a P¨, k4?
¨cM l¥?B k4, V?Hq/3é?"M
) ?(?em×?a·4Y|?), £") ?#??V
?1p±ê L ? .à ^±ê L i?é??
TbZ ?" H,1+Y?i]?/8¥ê?,B?
?¨Mê?l¥Go-FloNiskin? £b
Z £?,M[?]¥t ??D? ?i,1
ù?ZL,| £"?¥Ms1 R ì ??·3 ?b·
3 ?M ^?YV0.45nullm r¥e? ?0a ?? ?0
?±l¥?8 ì0 ??,Y?V0.45nullm r¥?s
?1 R ì ?,? ?sM¥9??1 £"?9Mb|
ì9Xü 7Z ? ???8M¥ù?,Wu?
Luther[11]?¨ QV r¥ZE ??l°?0.2~
0.4nullm-W¥M¥? ?1null?8Mnullb
? ^??Z £?M¥i? ?¥"?,?"a
"?i?D) ?ZE3uY?]¥f ?é?b(1)
9M:· £8?ò?? ?M¥9?b?"a? ? YF
?HNO3 ??àpH<1bs-B?1 s?(, P
-??B?1? (¥? £",s|¥ £"ü< ?
h3a??;(2)·3 ?M:?"C?é?V r,
là°ù:2003-02-10;?í°ù:2003-10-20
á[":SE1? SDá["(40206020);(49876022)
T?eo:???(1980-),o,= ?? ~:|, ? Vù
? 3,E-mail:sophia@mail.ouc.edu.cn
MarineSciences/Vol.28,No.1/2004
72
rA ? Y ??àpH<1aé???;(3) R ì ?M:
V9M?h? V r ?M''1 R ì ?M,9 V|V rB
?
£"a l" r ¥ R ìMh3a°¤??;
(4)=NM: £"?¥Fe(null)??×?,^$?1
Fe(null),B? ^?"C? ??a ái,iD V
?|"a y ???b
2海水中铁的测定方法
Z £?M¥è¨??ZE?1 ?s;;Ea
e0 lEaè?}?? ?0? ;?#é?Ea·
??E??D?;Eb?e0 lEaICP-MS
Eab?? ?s;;E#?D?;Eè¨?9M¥
??,.d¥s;;Ea?D?;E#·??E
V???]N ?(Fe(null)aFe(null))¥M,Z £?μ
?? ?¥M?¨·??E??b
2.1分光光度法(Spectrophotometry)
2.1.1.ds;;E
?E?¨ Vê4? ??M¥???e ?i
??? μ?ú;¥μ? ??t¥ ??4 ??
£"?¥Maé?s;;??b?9M,5|"
?Th?) ???3 ? ?i¨?e4|?NM?
e1=NMa??b| ìK?¨¥ ??4μ ;e ?
÷,2,2null-= J?2,2null,2null-? J,1,10- #=?
c,2,4,6-?&-1,3,5-?`(TPTZ)b?tZE
_K1?ú,r????Z £?iM¥1pb
íM ?,?¨{μL??""d¥ @?? s
(FIA)ZE??Z £?¥Mb??"¨ ?¨B
?±?¥ ???, P"??¥MVc÷¥8? y ?
s ? ?[12]b"-, @?? E?| ì?¨¥A?
4?1 ^Ferrozine[3-(2-= J)-5,6- ?(4-&
ü ?)-1,2,4-?`],?? ??4 V[ê4?1
??Fe(null),_K1100pmol/LbHong?
Kester[13]?¨D8-?S@(8-HQ)o?¥ ???
??""??¥M,[Ferrozine|M %!/ ?aé?
s;;??bKing?|[14]??"V???¨
?μFerrozine¥C18?0,?a¨J?|Fe(null)-
Ferrozine ??tV?0
%!/ ?,_K10.6
nmol/LbOnullSullivan?|[15]|N"dDL|""
d2?,Yi?|[16]?¨AM?? ?|Fe(null)-Fe-r
rozine ??tVC18?0 s ? ?bBlain?
Treguer[17]|?? !!éB??é,9FL?e"
d,?¨ Fêó ?|Fe(null)?1Fe(null),; V??
9·3 ?M,? V[sY??Fe(null)aFe(null),?E
_K1Fe(null)0.1nmol/LaFe(null)0.3nmol/Lb
FerrozineZE μ?a?,_K??, V
[¨?íá £[#tv £?¥M¥??, ?¤μ
L?e??""d¥ @?? s !!? V¨?
/,é?C???b? ^?tMc ??¥ 7
?v¥Va £,?2v?? tüZu,·
3M¥c ??0.1nmol/L[18,19],r????1pb7
O?tê4?¥ ??4μ V??M"??M¥?
?e ?[13,20],?) ?V??c¥ ??V?F ? Fe
(null)¥?eb ?[Fe(null)¥??31 y ?OD h
??V?¥ZE,[r???¥??1pb
2.1.2b?;E
b?? ?Dù?¥f ??Z P¤b?;ZE
X?¨?Z £?M¥??-?b÷ ?oé?,[
H2O21?4,2,2null- ó J?/¥Fe(null)M?<
b? ??e ?K(ACBK)¥A?Q?,oé530
nm)Q? ?lgA0/ADFe¥i-W??? ?
D[#Q?1" T:lgA0/A=KnullCFe, V[r??ú¥
2 ù?ê4?b >é9?|[21]? ?B+?,Y
VW%ù??Q?8"#;+?,E? B?°
¤???? £??? M¥ZE,_K V[r?
8null10-11g/mLbMeasures[22]?|?¨Fe(null)H2O2i
/N,Nnull-=Q-p-&=?(DPD)¥b??
r? ???? M,i?|?ZEDo?μ8-?
S@(8-HQ)¥±???"?0¥ @?? s
"d2?, V P_Kr?25pmol/Lbb??E¥
?1?? ^o??¤9·3 ?M¥i7??sY
_Z £?M¥?]??e ?¥ib
2.2原子吸收法(AAS)
e0 lsE ^??Z £?? á ?9 ¥
è¨ZE,?s--A?"?é???"??
÷) ?bKa¨e0 lE(FAAS)? F V
e0 lE(GFAAS)é?sb訥??"ZEμ
·4Y|Ea>? ?? ?0?DEa??E?b
·4Y|EYè¨ 6J= ;}?J ??
(APDC)a=Y= ;}?J ??(DDTC)[23]?=
Y= ;}?J ?=Y?(DDDC) ??Z £??
¥M,?¨ o_aMIBK(Jsà[)a1,1,2-?
o??Y?(Freon)aJ o_?μ·4Y|,¨
b ?? ??·Aé?QY|a??b
>? ?? ?0?DE ^üMμ< ??¨¥ ?
ù?8 ?R
EVIEWS
Z SD/2004M/?28 /?1ù
73
?4,?Ferron(7-?-8-?S@-5-ü?)?
t>? ??(?Zeo-Karb-226) ,|"?V?
a ?¨Ferron ??Z £?¥Mb
[
?ZE¥?" ???v,o a¨???
Mi?ú¥Z £,??Z g#íáZ £b7?¨
Co-APDC????"E[24,25] Vvv4úM¥?"
?b
?T?"tí í??,e0 lEμ?ú¥ 2
ùb? ^??"V?aa EsN ?{ H,7Oo
??9·3 ?¥M,???]? ?M¥ié
???b
2.3电感偶合等离子发射光谱及质谱法
(ICP-AESaICP-MS)
ICP-AESE ^íM ?? ;?E$ ?
Z ?¥B??/ ?, 2 ù1? ;?Ev14
ú,???Z £?Mc ??,ˉ31S??")
?bBerman?[26]?¨>? ?0?DEé??i ê,i
?¨? 2ü?"d[ X?Z £ú÷sE?ü?¥
ù5,?? Z £?M?5?? í í,M¥_?K
12nullg/LbSugimae[27]¨ìà?= ;}?J ??-
DDDC- o_Y|,HNO3QY|,?? °''Za tü
av £?M?7?í í,M¥_?K10.03
nullg/LbWatanabe?[28][8-HQ ??Z £? ?M
=¥+?? í í,pH8.9)|??C18o?
A?? ,[J?!4,??,·?HNO3aé?
ICP-MSE??,M¥_?K10.03nullg/Lb
Wu?Boyle[29]?¨B??¥_? ???]
ê í dúrICP-MSE,?¨
¥ k4(??
÷ ?), k4 ba??,8??l, ^B?? ''
i7? ^?S·A¥ZE, μ?ú¥ú?
?b? ^??N !!1??L,K?
P¨S
?b
2.4溶出伏安法(StrippingVoltammetric)
?E V[°¤Z £oé?é???,e ?
^,_"??F ??4|M ??a,+?¥è ]/,
? ??t$?yTè ,YV??·è @v
l ???ibZ £?M¥???訥 ^|·
??E(AdCSV),?¨?è1yTèb
| ìù P¨¥ ??4 ^ #&=p,íM ?| ì
?¨B???¥ ??41-eb-2-Mp(NN),
i_"??F?H2O2???b?4 ?F ?·V
??Fe(null)¥ 3?V74ú?eè @[30]b n5F?
? ??4 PDM2?, 3?¥ ??tè ?
?e,?e1=NM,] HF?¥?4| 3?¥=
NM?1?NM,?NMè ?BQ$?e,
?NQˉé?, Pè @vv9Fb??Q?V??,
M¥i L= i àμM?,h{¥ ^?4,? ú
MM??B?b?4,b? ?4¥?ebá 3¥
nullb?è @nullDb?4Fe(null)¥i??1b?¨??
ZE¤?¥K?_K180pmol/Lb
|·??E??M¥Kva? ^ V[??
M¥?]? ?,2,2null- ó Ji/,Fe(null)$?
z¥77ê4?1?¤Fe(null)¥i[31]b9M¥
?? V"?üV,?h?aé?b?TYVF?
e ??4é? ??ˉ?, V[?"?? ?? ?¥M
¥c [32]b
??è?Ds¥ZE???''??,N !!
e?,_K?b? ^,?ZE¥??V?1?n H,
?y í V???Y?á í ?[#?ú,Hq1?
4? e??g?,? a?/b
2.5化学发光法(Chemiluminescence)
?D?; ^·??DQ??téá 3¥;?
b?D?;ED @?? s(FIA)M2?¥ZE
(FI-CL) ^Z £???M1??¥ZEbYè?¨ú
a;è95S1_? !!,íM ??a;09 ?
9¤? ?Z[12]bK訥?; k4 ^ Z üv
(luminol)?ü ? 1?[?(sulfoflavin)b gk·?|[33]
?¨ Z üv-H2O2-OH--Fe(null)?D?;8"¤
? Fe(null)¥_K16.0null10-12g/mL,i μ?
z¥ê4?bObata?|[34]]"?¨ Z üv-H2O2
8" ??? £"?¥M,|"? ??àpH3.0i?¨
8-HQ?0ê4???"??Fe(null),??Fe(null)
315?¨8-HQ?0"?"??¥Fe(null)a|
pH?à6a??"??,_K110pmol/LbBowie
?|[35]?¨B??? Z üv¥ZE ?ê4??
?Fe(null),?9·3 ?M,??-¨eü ?÷üFe
(null)?e1Fe(null),¨8-HQ?0L??"a
??b1 ????i9F?"r q,Peter?
Patrick[36]?¨ àμ??""d¥ @?? ?D?;
E,?? 1Z £?¥Fe(null),|Z £LV ra
D? àpH10¥ Z üv·A?a¨é09 ?_
?,¤? 25~133pmol/L¥_KbElrod?|[37]?
ù?8 ?R
EVIEWS
MarineSciences/Vol.28,No.1/2004
74
Hirata?|[38]?¨?;sulfoflavin(BSF;(4-?-
N-p-J&)-M=J?e?-3-ü ?) ???
£"?¥Fe(null),?¨¥??""dsY ^8-HQ
±??0?o?μN-?Y=?(HEED)¥Ambe-r
liteXAD-4 ??,|"??¥MsY¨ Fêó ?? o
????ea??9·3 ?¥M,? ?ZE¤?¥
_KsY ^0.45nmol/L?0.80nmol/Lb
?D?;E μ?ú¥ 2 ù,+Y ^FI-CL
E μN^La??''a"??^$ê?# V??
?e ?M¥a?,? ^??--¥ k4B?V?1?
?4O4[??Z £?μ ?? ?¥Mb
''ó ? ?¥?t??ZE??i"?¥
ù5,1?:oμ??E??D?;E?
?ZE?
Z £?M¥? ?é???;??Fe(null)¥V
??_·A?F?? ·A??pH′ ù V[??
Fe(null)$?¥ ?,? ^9?9FFe(null)¥ 3?V
?;_"??F??e k4( ^Fe(null)¥< ??
4) V[]?Fe(null)¥?,?] H9???Fe(null)
£??t¥ibyN,ù? £8?M¥? ??
?ìV??,31s???? £8á 3??Kl
¥??ZE?/ ?[36]b
3小结
8
? ?,Z £?M¥??ZE¥ù?Xü|
¤ ?vé?,?ˉi"Btù5,+Y ^tZ
×??iM¥??#M¥? ????μ?v ?
4b
??M 3t 3é¥×1T¨,yN| ì31é
B?ù?M¥? ?D 3t V ?¨?-W¥1"bNa
¥ù?yT|?1"?[/ ?Z_:y1·3 ?
¥Fe(null)¥;?D?ì V[\éFe(null)?8¥·3
é79FM¥ 3t V ?¨?, ?[B?×1¥?ZZ
_ ^ V[?? 7 ?vu×?Va £?pmol)¥
·3 ?Fe(null)¥ZE,+Y?i|"¥ZEZ £
"??M¥? ?¥?Y;?=?Z_ ^??Z £?M
¥ò?μ ?? ?¥ZE,μù?V ü[39]μ8 V[
dbM%?ú@?té ? ??Z £?·3 ?
¥Mb
? IóD:
[1]TaylorSR.Abundanceofchemicalelementsintheconti-
nentalcrust:anewtable[J].GeochimCosmochimActa,
1964,28:1273-1285.
[2]MartinJH,GordonRM,FitzwaterSE.IroninAntarctic
waters[J].Nature,1990,345:156-158.
[3]SundaWG,HuntsmanSA.Ironuptakeandgrowthlimi-
tationinoceanicandcoastalphytoplankton[J].Mar
Chem,1995,50:189-206.
[4]CoaleKH,JohnsonKS,FitzwaterSE,etal.Amassive
phytoplanktonbloominducedbyanecosystem-scaleiron
fertilizationexperimentintheequatorialPacificOcean[J].
Nature,1996,383:495-501.
[5]MartinJH,FitzwaterSB.Irondeficiencylimitsphyto-
planktongrowthinthenorth-eastPacificsubarctic[J].
Nature,1988,331:341-343.
[6]BoydPW,WatsoAJ,LawCS,etal.Amesoscale
Phyto-planktonbloominthepolarSouthernOceanstimu-
latedbyironfertilization[J].Nature,2000,407:695-
702.
[7]WatsonAJ,BakkerDCE,RidgwellAJ,etal.Effectof
ironsupplyonSouthernOceanCO2uptakeandimplications
forglacialatmosphereCO2[J].Nature,2000,407:730-
733.
[8]TurnerSM,NightingalePD,SpokesLJ,etal.Increased
dimethylsulfideconcentrationsinseawaterfrominsituiron
enrichment[J].Nature,1996,383:513-517.
[9]HutchinsDA,DitullioGR,ZhangY,etal.Aniron
limitationmosaicintheCaliforniaupwellingregime[J].
LimnolOceanogr,1998,43:1037-1054.
[10]HowardAG,StathamPJ.InorganicTraceAnalysisPhi-
losophyandPractice.NewYork:JohnWileyandSonsInc.,
1993.182.
[11]WuJF,LutherGW.Sizefractionatedironconcen-
trationsinthewatercolumnofthewesternnorthAtlantic
Ocean[J].LimnolOceanogr,39:1119-1129.
[12]deJongJTM,denDasJ,BathmannU,etal.Dissolved
ironatsubnanomolarlevelsintheSouthernOceanas
determinedbyship-boardanalysis[J].AnalChimActa,
1998,377:113-124.
[13]HongHS,KesterDR.Redoxstateofironintheoffshore
watersoffPeru[J].LimnolOceanogr,1986,31:
512-524.
[14]KingDW,LinJ,KesterDR.DeterminationofFe(II)in
seawateratnanomolarconcentrations[J].AnalChim
Acta,1991,247:125-132.
[15]SullivanDW,HansonAK,MillerWL,etal.Measure-
ù?8 ?R
EVIEWS
Z SD/2004M/?28 /?1ù
75
mentofFe(II)insurfacewateroftheequatorial
Pacific[J].LimnolOceanogr,1991,36:1727-1747.
[16]YiZ,ZhuangGS,BrownPR,etal.High-performance
liquidchromatographicmethodforthedeterminationof
ultratraceamountofiron(null)inaerosols[J].Rainwater
andSeawater,AnalChem,1992,64:2826-2830.
[17]BlainS,TreguerP.Iron(II)andiron(III)determination
inseawateratthenanomolarlevelwithselectiveon-line
preconcentrationandspectrophotometricdetermination[J].
AnalChimActa,1995,308:425-432.
[18]BowieAR,MaldonadoMT,FrewRD,etal.Macronu-
trientandtrace-metalgeochemistryofaninsituiron-
inducedSouthernOceanbloom[J].Deep-SeaResPart
II,2001,48:2467-2481.
[19]GordonRM,JohnsonKS,CoaleKH.Thebehaviourof
ironandothertraceelementsduringtheIronEx-Iand
PlumExexperimentsintheEquatorialPacific[J].Deep-
SeaResearchPartII,1998,45:995-1041.
[20]HudsonRJM,CovaultDT,MorelFMM.Investigations
ofironcoordinationandredoxreactionsinseawaterusing
59Feradiometryandion-pairsolventextractionof
amphiphilicironcomplexes[J].MarChem,1992,38:
209-235.
[21] >é9,bé?.H2O2-Fe(null)- ??e ?Kb?
8"???? M[J].s k i,2000,19:34-
36.
[22]MeasuresCI,YuanJ,ResingJA,Determinationofiron
inseawaterbyflowinjectionanalysisusingin-line
precon-centrationandspectrophotometricdetection[J].
MarChem,1995,50:3-12.
[23] ? .e0 l;??? £"?± ^?M ?
[J]. ??_-?Ds¨,1995,31:48-50.
[24]SymesJL,KesterDR.Thedistributionofironinthe
northwestAtlantic[J].MarChem,1985,17:57-71.
[25]?1,-ó 3,?? 3.Co-APDC????"a
±
L¥FAASE??Z £?Ma?[J].0 êvD
D(1? SD?),1990,29:197-210.
[26]BermanSS,McLarenJW,WillieSN.Simultaneous
determinationoffivetracemetalsinseawaterbyinductively
coupledplasmaatomicemissionspectrometrywithultra-
sonicnebulization[J].AnalChem,1980,52:488-
492.
[27]SugimaeA,Determinationoftraceelementsinseawater
byinductively-coupledplasmaemissionspectrometry[J].
AnalChimActa,1980,121:331-336.
[28]WatanabeH,GotoK,TaguchiS,etal.Preconcentration
oftraceelementsinseawaterbycomplexationwith8-
hydroxyquinolineandadsorptiononC18bondedsilicagels
[J].AnalChem,1981,53:738-739.
[29]WuJF,BoyleEA.Determinationofironinseawaterby
high-resolutionisotopedilutioninductivelycoupled
plasmamassspectrometryafterMg(OH)2coprecipitation
[J].AnalChimActa,1998,367:183-191.
[30]GledhillM,vandenBergCMG.Determinationofcom-
plexationofiron(III)withnaturalorganiccomplexing
ligandsinseawaterusingcathodicstrippingvoltammetry
[J].MarChem,1994,47:415-426.
[31]GledhillM,vandenBergCMG.Measurementofthe
redoxspeciationofironinseawaterbycatalyticcathodic
strippingvoltammetry[J].MarChem,1995,50:51-
61.
[32]vandenBergCMG.Evidencefororganiccomplexationof
ironinseawater[J].MarChem,1995,50:139-157.
[33] gl·, d üD,?Z.?D?;E?? £8?±
M[J].ìa SDD/ ?,1989,45:23-26.
[34]ObataH,KarataniH,MatsuiM,etal.Fundamental
studiesforchemicalspeciationofironinseawaterwithan
improvedanalyticalmethod[J].MarChem,1997,56:
97-106.
[35]BowieAR,AchterbergEP,MantouraRFC,etal.
Determinationofsub-nanomolarlevelsofironinseawater
usingflowinjectionwithchemiluminescencedetection[J].
AnalChimActa,1998,361:189-200.
[36]CrootPL,LaanP.Continuousshipboarddeterminationof
Fe(II)inpolarwatersusingflowinjectionanalysiswith
chemiluminescencedetection.AnalyChimActa,2002,
466:261-273.
[37]ElrodVA,JohnsonKS,CoaleKH.Determinationof
subnanomolarlevelsofiron(null)andtotaldissolvedironin
seawaterbyflowinjectionanalysiswithchemiluminescence
detection.AnalChem,1991,63:893-898.
[38]HirataS,YoshiharaH,AiharaM.Determinationofiron
(II)andtotalironinenvironmentalwatersamplesbyflow
injectionanalysiswithcolumnpreconcentrationofchelating
resinfunctionalizedwithN-hydroxyethylethylenediamine
ligandsandchemiluminescencedetection[J].Talanta,
1999,49:1059-1067.
[39]HutchinsDA,WitterAE,ButlerA,etal.Competition
amongmarinephytoplanktonfordifferentchelatediron
species[J].Nature,1999,400:858-861.
(本文编辑:张培新)
ù?8 ?R
EVIEWS
MarineSciences/Vol.28,No.1/2004
|
|