决战2011高考英语专题讲义
过去分词作宾补用法归纳
英语中过去分词可作宾补，（此时的过去分词一般是及物动词）表被动意义或完成意义，有时两者兼而有之。做宾补的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系，即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。如：Shefoundthedoorbrokeninwhenshecameback.(宾补与宾语有被动的关系，表一种状态。)一．?过去分词用在表状态的动词keep,leave等的后面。Eg:Theykeptthedoorlockedforalongtime.Keepyourmouthshutandyoureyesopen.(谚语：少说多看）Don''tleavesuchanimportantthingundone.Don''tleavethewindowsbrokenlikethisallthetime.二．过分词用在get,have,make,的后面。1.注意“have+宾语+过去分词”的两种情况：A）表"让某人做某事/让某事（被人）做"eg:Ihavehadmybikerepaired.Thevillagershadmanytreesplantedjustthen.B)表"遭遇到某种不幸，受到打击/受....影响，蒙受.....损失"Eg:Ihadmywalletstolenonabuslastmonth.Theoldmanhadhislegbrokenintheaccident.Hehadhislegbrokeninthematchyesterday.(MET1986)2."make+宾语+过去分词",在这种结构中，过去分词的动词必须是表示结果含义的。如：TheymanagedtomakethemselvesunderstoodinverysimpleEnglish.Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.三、过去分词用在感观动词watch,notice,see,hear,listento,feel,find等后面。如Whenwegottoschool,wesawthedoorlocked.Wecanhearthewindowsbeatenbytheheavyraindrops.Hefelthimselfcheated.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketoseecarriedoutthenextyear.(NMET2000)四、过去分词用在want,wish,like,expect等表示“希望，愿望”这一类动词后面做宾补。如Thebosswouldn''tliketheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.Iwouldlikemyhousepaintedwhite.Iwantthesuitmadetohisownmeasure.Iwishtheproblemsettled.五、过去分词用在“with+宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。如：Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.Withmanybrightly-colouredflowersplantedaroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden.Witheverythingwellarranged,helefttheoffice.六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。现在分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作与谓语动作同时进行。过去分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。其动作先于谓语动作。不定式作宾补：表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。eg:Hedidn''tnoticemewaiting.IheardthesongsunginEnglish.Isawhimopeningthewindow.Isawthewindowopened.Isawhimopenthewindow.IheardhersingthesonginEnglish.
专项训练1：1.___pooratEnglish,I''mafraidIcan''tmakemyself___.A.Tobe;understandB.I''m;tounderstandC.Being;understandingD.Being;understood2.Ihavehadmybike___,andI''mgoingtohavesomebody___myradiotomorrow.A.repair;torepairB.repairing;toberepairedC.repaired;repairD.torepair;repairing3.Youmustgetthework___beforeFriday.A.doB.todoC.doingD.done4.___theroom,thenursefoundthetape-recorder___.A.Entering;stealingB.Entering;goneC.Tohaveentered;beingstolenD.Havingentered;tobestolen5.Wearepleasedtoseetheproblem___soquickly.A.settledB.havingbeensettledC.besettledD.settling6.Mrs.Brownwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad____wentwrongagain.(上海1999）A.itB.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepaired7.Itiswisetohavesomemoney___foroldage.(NMET1996)A.putawayB.keepupC.giveawayD.laidup(putaway放好,储存...备用,处理掉,放弃,抛弃)8.Idon''twantthechildren___outinsuchweather.A.takeB.totakeC.takenD.taking9.I''mafraidthatIcan''tmakemyself___becauseofmypoorEnglish.A.understandB.understandingC.tounderstandD.understood10.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands___behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied(表动作完成）
专项训练2：1.Wefoundhergreatly___.A.improvingB.changedC.tohelpD.havingdisturbed2.Janegotherbadtooth___atthedentist''s.A.toputinB.pulledoutC.pushedoutD.drawingout3.When____,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear.(上海2002)A.completedB.completingC.beingcompletedD.tobecompleted4.Withalotofdifficulties___,theywenttotheseashoreandhadagoodrest.A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled5.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce___nothingcanbedonetochangeit.(NMET2002)A.beginsB.havingbegunC.beginningD.begun(oncebegun在句中作状语，begin为及物动词:“着手”）6.___,theywenthome,___.A.Theirworkhadbeenfinished;singingandlaughingB.Theyhadfinishedtheirwork;sangandlaughedC.Theirworkfinished;singingandlaughingD.aftertheirworkfinished;singingandlaughing7.BeforehecametoLondon,hehadneverheardasingleEnglishword___A.speakingB.speakC.spokenD.tospeak8.____moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven9.___fromspace,theearthwithwater___70％ofitssurfacelookslikea"blueblanket".A.Seen;coveredB.Beingseen;coversC.Seeing;coveringD.Seen;covering10.____,theexperimentwillbesuccessful.A.IfcarefullydoingB.IfitdonecarefullyC.IfcarefullydoneD.Ifdoingcarefully11.Thegirlwroteacompositionwithout___.A.askB.askingC.beingaskedD.tobeasked12.Hefinishedhishomeworkandthenwenton___me.A.helpingB.withhelpC.withhelpingD.tohelp13.___wheretogo,heaskedapoliceman.A.HavinglosthiswayandnotknowingB.Losinghiswayanddidn''tknowC.Havinglosthiswayanddidn''tknowD.Losthiswayanddidn''tknow14.____herfriendwasbadlyhurt,sheburstintotears.A.HearingB.HavingheardC.TohearD.Heard15.____histeamhadwon,hisfacelitupatonce.A.KnowingB.WhenknowingC.AfterknowingD.Whenheknew
专项训练3：1.Theyhurriedbackhomeonlytofindtheirhouse___into.A.breakB.tobreakC.brokenD.breaking2.Whenhecameto,hefoundhimself___onachair,withhishands___back.A.tosit;tiedB.sitting;tyingC.sat;tiedD.sitting;tied3.Wedonotfeel___toentermodernbuildings;everythingaboutthemseemsunfriendly.A.invitedB.invitingC.toinviteD.tobeinvited(feel后加形容词，此处的invited表主语we的感受)4.I''mgoingtohavemyletters____tomorrowifI''vegotthemreadybythen.A.totypeB.typeC.typedD.typing5.Everygreatcultureinthepasthaditsownideasofbeauty___inartandliterature.A.expressedB.toexpressC.beingexpressedD.tobeexpressed
答案：专项训练1：1-10DCDBACACDD专项训练2：:1-15BBAADDDADCCDDAD专项训练3：:1-5CDACA
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