过去分词
过去分词具有形容词和副词的特征。
过去分词作定语
单个的过去分词作定语一般前置；
过去分词词组，个别过去分词如left等，修饰不定代词等的过去分词，作定语需后置。
Thisisthelostbook.
Thereisnothingleftinthefridge.
Thisisthebookboughtyesterday.
有些过去分词只表完成，没有被动意思。
therisensun/adevelopedcountry/fallenleaves/aretiredworker
Mostofthepeopleinvitedtothepartywerefamousscientists.
过去分词作定语相当于定语从句Whatshallwedowiththepresentsreceived(=thatwerereceived)yesterday?
Therearequiteafewbookswritten(=thathavebeenwritten)onthesubjects.
Someofthequestionsraised(=whichhadbeenraised)bythestudentswereverydifficulttoanswer.
Thecottonproduced(=whichisproducedinXinjiang)isasgoodasthatproduced(=thatisproduced)inHubei.
being+v-ed叫现在过去分词的被动形式，作定语时表被动进行。
Whoseisthehousebeingpainted(=thatisbeingpainted)?
tobedone叫做不定式的被动形式，作定语时具有将来意味。
Thebuildingtobecompleted(=thatwillbecompleted)isourlabbuilding.
其它情况用过去分词作定语表被动含义。
过去分词作状语
1.过去分词作状语，可以表示伴随，时间，原因，条件，让步，结果等，相当于与主句主语一致的并列句或状语从句。
Given(Iftheyhadbeengiven)moreattention，thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.(条件)
Evenifinvited(=EvenifIaminvited),Iwon’tgothere.(让步)
Theprofessorcameover,(andhewas)followedbyagroupofstudents.(伴随)
Heated(=Whenwaterisheated),waterwillchangeintosteam.(时间)
Beatenblackandblue(=Thoughtheboyhadbeenbeatenblackandblue),theboyrefusedtogivein.(让步)
2.连词+过去分词(短语)
有时为使过去分词短语与主句关系更清楚，可在过去分词前加连词。过去分词之前的连词有when,if,though,although,asif,asthough,evenif,eventhough.。
Whengivenacandy,hebegantotalk
Hestoodtherestillasiffrightened.
3.选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，就选用现在分词，反之就可能用过过去分词。
_____someofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.A.FollowingB.FollowedbyC.BeingfollowedbyD.Havingfollowed
答案为B
②Therewasaterriblenoise___thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed
过去分词作补语
.通常在感官动词和使役动词(如hear,feel,watch,notice,see,observe,find,make,have,get等)之后,表被动完成。
Ifoundmycarstolen.
I''llhavemywatchrepaired.
Theywanttomaketheplanknowntothepublic.
Heorderedthehousepulleddownatonce.
Wenoticethebridgewashedaway.
2.表被动进行的动作时,可用being+v-ed形式。
Wenoticedthehousebeingpainted.
过去分词作表语
Hewasdeeplymovedbyherwords.
Theygotcaughtintheheavyrain.
从句主语与主句主语不一致的状语从句，可用独立主格结构来简化：
Hisfeelingshurt(=Whenhisfeelingswerehurt),heleftwithoutaword.
Allthingsconsidered(=Ifallthingsareconsidered),theplanisnotbad.
.Ideally______forBroadwaytheatresandFirthAvenue,theNewYorkParkhotelisafavouritewithmanyguests.（08上海）
A.locating B.beinglocated C.havingbeenlocatedD.located
2.–Canthose____atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?（08福建）
A.seatB.sitC.seatedD.sat
3.TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish____asmuchaswecan.（08江苏）
A.speak. B.speaking C.spoken D.tospeak
4.Pleaseremain______;thewinneroftheprizewillbeannouncedsoon.（08辽宁）
A.seating B.seated C.toseat D.tobeseated
5.Throughouthistory,thelanguage____byapowerfulgroupspreadsacrossacivilization（08上海春招）
A.speakingB.spokenC.tospeakD.tobespoken
6.TheTownHallinthe1800’swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime.（07上海）
A.tobecompletedB.havingbeencompletedC.completedD.beingcompleted
7.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork________,hegladlyacceptedit.（07安徽）
A.finished B.finishing C.havingfinished D.wasfinished
.---DidPeterfixthecomputerhimself?---He________,becausehedoesn’tknowmuchaboutcomputers.（07安徽）
A.hasitfixed B.hadfixedit C.haditfixed D.fixedit
.JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglishinashortperiod.（07福建）
A.improved B.improving C.toimprove D.improve
.“Things_________nevercomeagain!”Icouldn’thelptalkingtomyself.（07湖南）
A.lostB.losingC.toloseD.havelost
.Pleaseremain_______untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.（07山东）
A.tosealB.tobeseatedC.seatingD.seated
.TheTownHall______inthe1800’swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime.（07上海）
A.tobecompleted B.havingbeencompletedC.completed D.beingcompleted
.Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunless________everyday.（07四川）
A.wateredB.wateringB.waterD.towater
.______byagreaterdemandofvegetables,farmershavebuiltmoregreenhouses.（07浙江）
A.DrivenB.BeingdrivenC.TodriveD.Havingdriven
.Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons_____fortheday.（07重庆）
A.finishingB.finishedC.hadfinishedD.werefinished
.Therehavebeenseveralnewevents______totheprogramforthe2008BeijingOlympicGames.（06北京）A.addB.toaddC.addingD.added
17.Fivepeoplewonthe“China’sGreenFigure”award,atitle______toordinarypeoplefortheircontributionstoenvironmentalprotection.（06山东）
A.beinggivenB.isgivenC.givenD.wasgiven
18._____forthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.(06福建)
A.BlamingB.BlamedC.ToBlameD.Tobeblamed
.Nomatterhowfrequently____,theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.(06广东)
A.performedB.performingC.tobeperformedD.beingperformed
.Facedwithabillfor＄10,000,________.(06陕西)
A.JohnhastakenanextrajobB.thebosshasgivenJohnanextrajob
C.anextrajobhasbeentakenD.anextrajobhasbeengiventoJohn
.____withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.（06四川）
A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface
22.Agoodstorydoesnotnecessarilyhavetohaveahappyending,butthereadermustnotbeleft________.（06天津）A.unsatisfiedB.unsatisfyingC.tobeunsatisfyingD.beingunsatisfied
23. InthedreamPetersawhimself___byafiercewolf,andhewokesuddenlywithastart.(06上海春招)A.chased B.tobechased C.bechased D.havingbeenchased
24.Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.You’vehadit_____oftenenough.(05天津)
A.explainingB.toexplainC.explainD.explained
.The?repairs?cost?a?lot,but?it’s?money?well________.（05湖北）A.to?spend?B.spent?C.being?spent??D.spending
答案1-5DCCBB6-10CACAA11-15DCAAB16-20DCBAA21-25AAADB
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