介词与介词词组
介词的分类
1.简单介词
顾名思义，简单介词是指由一个单词构成的介词，也是使用最频繁的一类介词。常用的简单介词有：at，about，above，across，after，among，against，before，behind，below，beside，between，beyond，but，despite，during，by,except，for，in，of，on，over，near，past，round，since，through，till，until，with，up等。
2.合成介词
指由介词＋其它介词或副词构成的介词。常用的合成介词有：inside，into，onto，outside，throughout，towards，within，without等。
3.二重介词
指由两个单一的介词并列在一起，作为一个介词使用并表达一个完整意思的介词。常见的二重介词有：fromamong，frombehind，fromunder，until／tillafter等。
4.短语介词
指由介词＋名词＋介词，副＋介词等构成的短语，常用的有：accordingto，becauseof,bywayof,inadditionto,infrontof,inplaceof,inregardto,onaccountof,outof,infavourof,alongwith，infrontof，intermsof,bymeansof，inspiteof，togetherwith，farfrom,apartfrom,forthesakeof等。
5.分词介词concerning,considering,including,given等。
介词短语
介词短语是由介词加宾语构成，本身可作句子成分，如定语或状语等，可单独使用。如：
inturn,intime,inreturn,inadvance,inanemergency,attimes,atthemoment,onboard,onearth,onfire,onshow等。
介词的用法及应注意的问题
1.介词的搭配与介词的选择
介词不能在句子中独立充当一个成分，而需要与其后面的宾语相结合，成为介词短语，在句中充当一个成分。所以选用什么介词要根据其后面所接的宾语而定。如：intheroom,onthetable,overtheriver,etc.
但是，有时介词也受其前面用词的限制，因此，许多情况下也应根据介词前面的词选用相应的介词。如：thekeytothedoor,asolutiontotheproblem,etc.
2.介词的宾语
介词的宾语可以是名词、代词或其他词类或句子等。例如：
名词：Thecarranintoawall，andtwomenwerekilled.
代词：Whereverhewent，hecarriedthephotowithhim.
形容词：Yourplanisfarfromperfect.
副词：Ican''tseethetowerclearlyfromhere.Shecamefromafar.
动名词：Heenteredtheroomwithouttakingoffhishat.
不定式：Hedidnothingbutcry.
Hehadnochoicebuttocry.
注意：but后面的动词形式通常取决于其前有没有实意动词do,若有实意动词do，则不用不定式符号to；若没有实意动词do，则用不定式符号to。
介词短语：Sheoftenstudiestillaftermidnight.
数词：Innineoutoftenhewon''tcome.
疑问词＋不定式：Theproblemofhowtogetenoughmoneyisdifficulttosettle.
疑问词引导从句：Hedoesnotcareaboutwhowillbepromoted.
that引导的从句：Mandiffersfromotheranimalsinthatmancanlaughandspeak.
注意：that引导的从句一般不作介词宾语，但在but,except,in等后有时可以。
3.介词的语法功能
介词与其他词类或成分结合后方能在句子中充当语法成分，构成介词短语。介词短语可以作定语（须后置）、状语、表语、宾语补足语、另一个介词的宾语，间或作主语等。例如：
Theskyscraperinthedistanceisafive-starhotel.（定语）
Hereyesweretiredfromlongreading.（状语）
Thedecisionisofgreatimportancetome.（表语）
Theyfoundthemachineinabadstate.（宾语补足语）
Aprettygirlappearedfrombehindthecurtain.（介词宾语）
Onpurposeornotonpurposeisofgreatdifference.（主语）
介词的固定搭配
英语的名词，动词，形容词，副词等与介词的很多搭配是固定的，平时需要加强记忆。下面为高考中出现过的一些，供参考。
robsbofsth/congratulationson/dowith/takenoticeof/haveaneffecton/impresson/insiston/differin/beslowin/bepatientwith/becuriousabout/convincesbof/attitudetowards/inshort/indoubt/inotherwords/infaceof/insearchof/inaword/innature/inreturn/inmemoryof/inhonourof/intheway/inaway/asaresult/asaresultof/asusual/asamatteroffact/forthemoment/incase/incaseof/inthetimeof/intimeof/atatime/atonetime/forthetimebeing/oneatatime/afterall/onthecontrary/ontheotherhand/forfearof/bymeansof/withregardto
介词与介词词组练习
1.Thetwosportsmencongratulatedeachotherwinningthematchbyshakinghands.（08上海）
A.withB.onC.inD.to
2.Fredenteredwithoutknockingand,veryoutofbreath,sank_______achair.（08安徽）
A.onB.offC.intoD.to
3.Ifyoureallyhavetoleaveduringthemeeting,you’dbetterleave____thebackdoor.（08北京）
A.forB.byC.acrossD.out
4.Agreatmanshowshisgreatness_____thewayhetreatsalittleman.（08福建）
A.underB.withC.onD.by
5.Youhavenoideahowshefinishedtherelayrace____herfootwoundedsomuch.（08福建）
A.forB.whenC.withD.while
6.WhenshefirstarrivedinChina,shewonderedwhatthefuturemighthave______forher,butnowallherworriesaregone.（08湖北）
A.inneed B.intime C.inpreparation D.instore
7.---Whendidyoulasthear_____Jay?
---Hephonedmethismorning,andweagreed____atimeandplacetomeet.（08湖南）
Aof,toBabout,withC.from,withD.from,on
8.Let’slearntousetheproblemwearefacing_____astepping-stonetofuturesuccess.（08全国卷I）
A.toB.forC.asD.by
9.ModernequipmentandnosmokingaretwoofthethingsIlike____workinghere.（08全国卷II）
A.withB.overC.atD.about
10.Thehousestillneededalotofwork,but___thekitchenwasfinished.（08全国卷II）
A.insteadB.altogetherC.atonceD.atleast
11.Elizabethhasalreadyachievedsuccessherwildestdreams.（08陕西）
A.atB.beyondC.withinD.upon
12.ManyChineseuniversitiesprovidedscholarshipsforstudents______financialaid.（08天津）
A.infavourofB.inhonourofC.infaceofD.inneedof
13.Everythingwasperfectforthepicnic______theweather.（08浙江）
A.inplaceofB.aswellasC.exceptforD.incaseof
14.Whyareyousoanxious?Itisn’tyourproblem______.（08浙江）
A.onpurposeB.inallC.ontimeD.afterall
15.Ibegantofeel___inthenewschoolwhenIsawsomefamiliarfaces（08山东）
A.athomeB.atheartC.atwillD.atsight
16.—Whydoyousuggestwebuyanewmachine?
—Becausetheoldonehasbeendamaged______.（08江苏）
A.beyondreach B.beyondrepair C.beyondcontrol D.beyonddescription
17.IlikeMr.Miner’sspeech;itwasclearand______thepoint.（08辽宁）
A.at B.on C.to D.of
18.Attherailwaystation,themotherwavedgoodbyetoherdaughteruntilthetrainwas_______.（08天津）
A.outfsightB.outfreachC.outforderD.outfplace
19.Nowadaysalotofadultsgotoeveningschools________furthereducation（08上海春招）
A.afterB.inC.forD.on
20.Themanagersuggestedanearlierdate____________themeeting.（07全国I）
A.onB.forC.aboutD.with
21.Somepeoplechoosejobsforotherreasons_______moneythesedays.（07全国II）
A.for B.except C.besidesD.with
22.Thisisajuniorschool.Youshouldgotoaseniorschool_____girlsofyourage.（07北京）
A.forB.aboutC.fromD.to
23.Althoughmyopinion,theoldprofessordidn’tcomeupwithhisown.（07福建）
A.against B.on C.for D.in
24.Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars,andthiscreatesfurtherproblems.（07湖北）
A.inshort B.incase C.indoubt D.inturn
25.__________thesilenceforthepauses,wecouldheareachother’sbreathingandcouldalmosthearourownheartbeats.（07湖南）
A.InB.ForC.UnderD.Between
26.Scientistsareconvincedthepositiveeffectoflaughterphysicalandmentalhealth.（07江西）
A.of;atB.by;inC.of;onD.on;at
27.Expertshavebeenwarningofthehealthriskscausedbypassivesmoking（07江西）
A.atatimeB.atonetimeC.forsometimeD.forthetime
28.Ihaveofferedtopaintthehouse_________aweek’saccommodation.（07山东）
A.inexchangeforB.withregardtoC.bymeansofD.inplaceof
29.–Ithinkheistakinganactivepartinsocialwork.Iagreewithyou.（07陕西）
A.inaway B.ontheway C.bytheway D.intheway
30.---whenhasthecountrybeenopentointernationaltrade?
---1978,Isuppose. （07陕西）
A.Since B.In C.From D.After
31.Somestudentsoftenlistentomusic________classestorefreshthemselves.（07四川）
A.between B.among C.over D.during
32._____fire,allexitsmustbekeptclear.（07天津）
A.InplaceofB.InsteadofC.IncaseofD.Inspiteof
33.Theopen-aircelebrationhasbeenputoff_______thebadweather.（07浙江）
A.incaseofB.inspiteofC.insteadofD.becauseof
34.Leavesarefoundonallkindsoftrees,buttheydiffergreatlysizeandshape.（07上海）
A.onB.fromC.byD.in
35.Peoplehavealwaysbeencurious____howlivingthingsontheearthexactlybegan.(06辽宁)
A.inB.atC.ofD.about
36.It’squite________mewhysuchthingshavebeenallowedtohappen.（06安徽）
A.forB.behindC.againstD.beyond
37.Sorry,Madam.You’dbettercometomorrowbecauseit’s______thevisitinghours.(06福建)
A.duringB.atC.beyondD.before
38.Thisnewmodelofcarissoexpensivethatitis_______thereachofthosewithaverageincomes.（06江苏）
A.overB.withinC.beyondD.below
39.---Whendoweneedtopaythebalance?
---________September30.（06北京）
A.InB.ByC.DuringD.Within
40.-Canhetakechargeofthecomputercompany?
-I’mafraidit’s____hisability.（06四川）
A.beyondB.withinC.ofC.to
41. Moreandmoreyoungpeoplearefond___playingtennisnowadays.(06上海春招)
A.on B.to C.in D.of
42.AcleanenvironmentcanhelpthecitybidfortheOlympics,which_____willpromoteitseconomicdevelopment.（06山东）
A.innatureB.inreturnC.inturnD.infact
43._______achievement,lastweek’sministerialmeetingoftheWTOhereearnedalowthoughnotfailing,grade.（06湖南）
A.IntermsofB.IncaseofC.AsaresultofD.Infaceof
44.Iwouldlikeajobwhichpaysmore,but________IenjoytheworkI’mdoingatthemoment.(06浙江)
A.inotherwordsB.ontheotherhandC.foronethingD.asamatteroffact
45.Mysisterwasagainstmysuggestionwhilemybrotherwas_________it.(06陕西)
A.infavourofB.inmemoryofC.inhonourofD.insearchof
答案1-5BCBDC6-10DDCDD11-15BDCDA16-20BCACB21-25CAADA26-30CCAAA31-35ACDDD36-40DCCBA41-45DCABA
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