标准电极电势表
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标准电极电势可以用来计算化学电池或原电池的电化学势或电极电势。本表中所给出的电极电势以标准氢电极为参比电极，溶液中离子有效浓度为1mol/L，气体分压为100kPa，温度为298K，所有离子的数据都在水溶液中测得。[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]单击每栏上方的符号可将数据按元素符号或标准电极电势值排序。
注：(s)–固体；(l)–液体；(g)–气体；(aq)–水溶液；(Hg)–汞齐。
半反应 E°(V)[注1] 来源 & -9 Zz 9 Ba++e?Ba(s) ?-4.38??4.38 [10][1][3] Sr++e?Sr(s) ?-4.10??4.10 [11][1][3] Ca++e?Ca(s) ?-3.8??3.8 [11][1][3] Pr3++?e?Pr2+ ?-3.1??3.1 [11] N?N2(g)+H++e?HN3(aq) ?-3.09??3.09 [6] Li++e?Li(s) ?-3.0401??3.0401 [5] N2(g)+4?H2O+2?e?2?NH2OH(aq)+2?OH? ?-3.04??3.04 [6] Cs++e?Cs(s) ?-3.026??3.026 [5] Ca(OH)2(s)+2?e?Ca(s)+2OH? ?-3.02??3.02 [11] Rb++e?Rb(s) ?-2.98??2.98 [4] K++e?K(s) ?-2.931??2.931 [5] Mg++e?Mg(s) ?-2.93??2.93 [10] Ba2++2?e?Ba(s) ?-2.912??2.912 [5] La(OH)3(s)+3?e?La(s)+3OH? ?-2.90??2.90 [5] Fr++?e?Fr(s) ?-2.9??2.9 [11] Sr2++2?e?Sr(s) ?-2.899??2.899 [5] Sr(OH)2(s)+2?e?Sr(s)+2?OH? ?-2.88??2.88 [11] Ca2++2?e?Ca(s) ?-2.868??2.868 [5] Eu2++2?e?Eu(s) ?-2.812??2.812 [5] Ra2++2?e?Ra(s) ?-2.8??2.8 [5] Yb2++2?e?Yb(s) ?-2.76??2.76 [11][1] Na++e?Na(s) ?-2.71??2.71 [5][9] Sm2++2?e?Sm(s) ?-2.68??2.68 [11][1] No2++2?e?No(s) ?-2.50??2.50 [11] HfO(OH)2(s)+?H2O+4?e?Hf(s)+4?OH? ?-2.50??2.50 [11] Th(OH)4(s)+4?e?Th(s)+4?OH? ?-2.48??2.48 [11] Md2++2?e?Md(s) ?-2.40??2.40 [11] La3++3?e?La(s) ?-2.379??2.379 [5] Y3++3?e?Y(s) ?-2.372??2.372 [5] Mg2++2?e?Mg(s) ?-2.372??2.372 [5] ZrO(OH)2(s)+H2O+4?e?Zr(s)+4OH? ?-2.36??2.36 [5] Pr3++3?e?Pr(s) ?-2.353??2.353 [11] Ce3++3?e?Ce(s) ?-2.336??2.336 [11] Er3++3?e?Er(s) ?-2.331??2.331 [11] Ho3++3?e?Ho(s) ?-2.33??2.33 [11] Al(OH)4?+3?e?Al(s)+4?OH? ?-2.33??2.33 Al(OH)3(s)+3?e?Al(s)+3OH? ?-2.31??2.31 Tb3++3?e?Tb(s) ?-2.28??2.28 H2(g)+2?e?2?H? ?-2.25??2.25 Ac3++3?e?Ac(s) ?-2.20??2.20 Be++e?Be(s) ?-2.12??2.12 [10] Cf2++2?e?Cf(s) ?-2.12??2.12 [11] Am3++3?e?Am(s) ?-2.048??2.048 [11] Cf3++3?e?Cf(s) ?-1.94??1.94 [11] Am2++2?e?Am(s) ?-1.9??1.9 [11] Be2++2?e?Be(s) ?-1.85??1.85 Rf4++4?e?Rf(s) ?-1.67??1.67 [12] U3++3?e?U(s) ?-1.66??1.66 [7] Al3++3?e?Al(s) ?-1.66??1.66 [9] Ti2++2?e?Ti(s) ?-1.63??1.63 [9] Bk2++2?e?Bk(s) ?-1.6??1.6 [11] ZrO2(s)+4?H++4?e?Zr(s)+2?H2O ?-1.553??1.553 [5] Hf4++4?e?Hf(s) ?-1.55??1.55 [11] Zr4++4?e?Zr(s) ?-1.45??1.45 [5] Ti3++3?e?Ti(s) ??-1.37??1.37 [13] TiO(s)+2?H++2?e?Ti(s)+?H2O ??-1.31??1.31 Ti2O3(s)+2?H++2?e?2?TiO(s)+?H2O ??-1.23??1.23 Zn(OH)42?+2?e?Zn(s)+4?OH? ??-1.199??1.199 [14] Mn2++2?e?Mn(s) ??-1.185??1.185 [14] Fe(CN)64?+6?H++2?e?Fe(s)+4HCN(aq) ??-1.16??1.16 [15] V2++2?e?V(s) ??-1.175??1.175 [2] Te(s)+2?e?Te2? ??-1.143??1.143 [2] Nb3++3?e?Nb(s) ??-1.099??1.099 Sn(s)+4?H++4?e?SnH4(g) ??-1.07??1.07 In(OH)3(s)+3?e?In(s)+3?OH? ??-0.99??0.99 [11] SiO2(s)+4?H++4?e?Si(s)+2?H2O ??-0.91??0.91 B(OH)3(aq)+3?H++3?e?B(s)+3?H2O ??-0.89??0.89 Fe(OH)2(s)+2?e?Fe(s)+2?OH? ??-0.89??0.89 [15] Fe2O3(s)+3?H2O+2?e?2Fe(OH)2(s)+2?OH? ??-0.86??0.86 [15] TiO2++2?H++4?e?Ti(s)+?H2O ??-0.86??0.86 H2?H2O+2?e?H2(g)+2?OH? ?-0.8277??0.8277 [5] Bi(s)+3?H++3?e?BiH3 ??-0.8??0.8 [14] Zn2++2?e?Zn(Hg) ?-0.7628??0.7628 [5] Zn2++2?e?Zn(s) ?-0.7618??0.7618 [5] Ta2O5(s)+10?H++10?e?2?Ta(s)+5?H2O ?-0.75??0.75 Cr3++3?e?Cr(s) ?-0.74??0.74 Au[Au(CN)2]?+e?Au(s)+2?CN? ?-0.60??0.60 Ta3++3?e?Ta(s) ?-0.6??0.6 PbO(s)+H2O+2?e?Pb(s)+2?OH? ?-0.58??0.58 Ti2?TiO2(s)+2?H++2?e?Ti2O3(s)+H2O ?-0.56??0.56 Ga3++3?e?Ga(s) ?-0.53??0.53 U4++e?U3+ ?-0.52??0.52 [7] PH3PO2(aq)+H++e?P(白磷[16])+2?H2O ?-0.508??0.508 [5] PH3PO3(aq)+2?H++2?e?H3PO2(aq)+H2O ?-0.499??0.499 [5] PH3PO3(aq)+3?H++3?e?P(红磷)[16]+3H2O ?-0.454??0.454 [5] Fe2++2?e?Fe(s) ?-0.44??0.44 [9] C2?CO2(g)+2?H++2?e?HOOCCOOH(aq) ?-0.43??0.43 Cr3++e?Cr2+ ?-0.42??0.42 Cd2++2?e?Cd(s) ?-0.40??0.40 [9] SeO32?+4e?+3H2O?Se+6OH? ?-0.37??0.37 [17] GeO2(s)+2?H++2?e?GeO(s)+H2O ?-0.37??0.37 Cu2O(s)+H2O+2?e?2?Cu(s)+2?OH? ?-0.360??0.360 [5] PbSO4(s)+2?e?Pb(s)+SO42? ?-0.3588??0.3588 [5] PbSO4(s)+2?e?Pb(Hg)+SO42? ?-0.3505??0.3505 [5] Eu3++e?Eu2+ ?-0.35??0.35 [7] In3++3?e?In(s) ?-0.34??0.34 [2] Tl++e?Tl(s) ?-0.34??0.34 [2] Ge(s)+4?H++4?e?GeH4(g) ?-0.29??0.29 Co2++2?e?Co(s) ?-0.28??0.28 [5] PH3PO4(aq)+2?H++2?e?H3PO3(aq)+H2O ?-0.276??0.276 [5] V3++e?V2+ ?-0.26??0.26 [9] Ni2++2?e?Ni(s) ?-0.25??0.25 As(s)+3?H++3?e?AsH3(g) ?-0.23??0.23 [2] AgI(s)+?e?Ag(s)+I? ??-0.15224??0.15224 [14] MoO2(s)+4?H++4?e?Mo(s)+2?H2O ?-0.15??0.15 Si(s)+4?H++4?e?SiH4(g) ?-0.14??0.14 Sn2++2?e?Sn(s) ?-0.13??0.13 O2(g)+H++e?HO2?(aq) ?-0.13??0.13 Pb2++2?e?Pb(s) ?-0.13??0.13 [9] WO2(s)+4?H++4?e?W(s)+2?H2O ?-0.12??0.12 P(红磷)+3?H++3?e?PH3(g) ?-0.111??0.111 [5] CCO2(g)+2?H++2?e?HCOOH(aq) ?-0.11??0.11 Se(s)+2?H++2?e?H2Se(g) ?-0.11??0.11 CCO2(g)+2?H++2?e?CO(g)+H2O ?-0.11??0.11 SnO(s)+2?H++2?e?Sn(s)+H2O ?-0.10??0.10 SnO2(s)+2?H++2?e?SnO(s)+H2O ?-0.09??0.09 WO3(aq)+6?H++6?e?W(s)+3?H2O ?-0.09??0.09 [2] P(白磷)+3?H++3?e?PH3(g) ?-0.063??0.063 [5] Fe3++3?e?Fe(s) ?-0.04??0.04 [15] CHCOOH(aq)+2?H++2?e?HCHO(aq)+H2O ?-0.03??0.03 H2?H++2?e?H2(g) ?-0.00??0.00 ≡?0 AgBr(s)+?e?Ag(s)+Br? ?+0.07133 [14] S4O62?+2?e?2?S2O32? ?+0.08 Fe3O4(s)+8?H++8?e?3?Fe(s)+4?H2O ?+0.085 [8] N2(g)+2?H2O+6H++6?e?2?NH4OH(aq) ?+0.092 HgO(s)+H2O+2?e?Hg(l)+2?OH? ?+0.0977 Cu(NH3)42++e?Cu(NH3)2++2?NH3 ?+0.10 [2] Ru(NH3)63++e?Ru(NH3)62+ ?+0.10 [7] N2H4(aq)+4?H2O+2?e?2?NH4++4?OH? ?+0.11 [6] MoH2MoO4(aq)+6?H++6?e?Mo(s)+4?H2O ?+0.11 Ge4++4?e?Ge(s) ?+0.12 C(s)+4?H++4?e?CH4(g) ?+0.13 [2] CHCHO(aq)+2?H++2?e?CH3OH(aq) ?+0.13 S(s)+2?H++2?e?H2S(g) ?+0.14 Sn4++2?e?Sn2+ ?+0.15 Cu2++e?Cu+ ?+0.159 [2] SHSO4?+3?H++2?e?SO2(aq)+2?H2O ?+0.16 UO22++e?UO2+ ?+0.163 [7] SSO42?+4?H++2?e?SO2(aq)+2?H2O ?+0.17 TiO2++2?H++e?Ti3++H2O ?+0.19 Bi3++2e?Bi+ ?+0.2 SbO++2?H++3?e?Sb(s)+H2O ?+0.20 AgCl(s)+?e?Ag(s)+Cl? ?+0.22233 [14] AsH3AsO3(aq)+3?H++3?e?As(s)+3?H2O ?+0.24 GeO(s)+2?H++2?e?Ge(s)+H2O ?+0.26 UO2++4?H++e?U4++2?H2O ?+0.273 [7] At2+e?2?At- ?+0.3 [11] Re3++3?e?Re(s) ?+0.300 Bi3++3?e?Bi(s) ?+0.32 VO2++2?H++e?V3++H2O ?+0.34 Cu2++2?e?Cu(s) ?+0.340 [2] Fe[Fe(CN)6]3?+e?[Fe(CN)6]4? ?+0.36 Tc2++2?e?Tc(s) ?+0.40 [11] O2(g)+2?H2O+4?e?4?OH?(aq) ?+0.40 [9] MoH2MoO4+6?H++3?e?Mo3++2?H2O ?+0.43 Ru2++2?e?Ru(s) ?+0.455 [11] Bi++e?Bi(s) ?+0.50 CCH3OH(aq)+2?H++2?e?CH4(g)+H2O ?+0.50 SSO2(aq)+4?H++4?e?S(s)+2?H2O ?+0.50 Cu++e?Cu(s) ?+0.520 [2] CCO(g)+2?H++2?e?C(s)+H2O ?+0.52 I3?+2?e?3?I? ?+0.53 [9] I2(s)+2?e?2?I? ?+0.54 [9] Au[AuI4]?+3?e?Au(s)+4?I? ?+0.56 AsH3AsO4(aq)+2?H++2?e?H3AsO3(aq)+H2O ?+0.56 Au[AuI2]?+e?Au(s)+2?I? ?+0.58 MnO4?+2?H2O+3?e?MnO2(s)+4?OH? ?+0.59 Rh++e?Rh(s) ?+0.600 [11] S2O32??+6?H++4?e?2?S(s)+3?H2O ?+0.60 Fc++?e?Fc(s) ?+0.641 [18] Ac+?e?Ag+-?? ?+0.643 [11] MoH2MoO4(aq)+2?H++2?e?MoO2(s)+2?H2O ?+0.65 C+2?H++2?e? ?+0.6992 [14] O2(g)+2?H++2?e?H2O2(aq) ?+0.70 Tl3++3?e?Tl(s) ?+0.72 PtCl62?+2?e?PtCl42?+2?Cl? ?+0.726 [7] SeH2SeO3(aq)+4?H++4?e?Se(s)+3?H2O ?+0.74 Rh3++3?e?Rh(s) ?+0.758 [11] PtCl42?+2?e?Pt(s)+4?Cl? ?+0.758 [7] Fe3++e?Fe2+ ?+0.77 Ag++e?Ag(s) ?+0.7996 [5] Hg22++2?e?2?Hg(l) ?+0.80 NNO3?(aq)+2?H++e?NO2(g)+H2O ?+0.80 FeO42?+5?H2O+6?e?Fe2O3(s)+10?OH? ?+0.81 [15] H2(g)+2?OH?2?H2O+2?e? ?+0.828 [19] Au[AuBr4]?+3?e?Au(s)+4?Br? ?+0.85 Hg2++2?e?Hg(l) ?+0.85 MnO4?+H++e?HMnO4? ?+0.90 Hg2?Hg2++2?e?Hg22+ ?+0.91 [2] Pd2++2?e?Pd(s) ?+0.915 [7] Au[AuCl4]?+3?e?Au(s)+4?Cl? ?+0.93 MnO2(s)+4?H++e?Mn3++2?H2O ?+0.95 Au[AuBr2]?+e?Au(s)+2?Br? ?+0.96 Xe[HXeO6]3?+2?H2O+2?e?+[HXeO4]?+4??OH? ?+0.99 [20] HNO2+H++e-=NO(g)+H2O ?+0.996 TeH6TeO6(aq)+2?H++2?e?TeO2(s)+4?H2O ?+1.02 [21] Br2(l)+2?e?2?Br? ?+1.07 Br2(aq)+2?e?2?Br? ?+1.09 [9] NO2(g)+H++e-=HNO2 ?+1.093 IIO3?+5?H++4?e?HIO(aq)+2?H2O ?+1.13 Au[AuCl2]?+e?Au(s)+2?Cl? ?+1.15 SeHSeO4?+3?H++2?e?H2SeO3(aq)+H2O ?+1.15 Ir3++3?e?Ir(s) ?+1.156 [11] Ag2O(s)+2?H++2?e?2?Ag(s)+H2O ?+1.17 ClO3?+2?H++e?ClO2(g)+H2O ?+1.18 Xe[HXeO6]3?+5?H2O+8?e?Xe(g)+11?OH? ?+1.18 [20] Pt2++2?e?Pt(s) ?+1.188 [7] ClO2(g)+H++e?HClO2(aq) ?+1.19 I2?IO3?+12?H++10?e?I2(s)+6?H2O ?+1.20 ClO4?+2?H++2?e?ClO3?+H2O ?+1.20 O2(g)+4?H++4?e?2?H2O ?+1.229 [9] MnO2(s)+4?H++2?e?Mn2++2H2O ?+1.23 Xe[HXeO4]?+3?H2O+6?e?Xe(g)+7?OH? ?+1.24 [20] Tl3++2?e?Tl+ ?+1.25 Cr2O72??+14?H++6?e?2?Cr3++7?H2O ?+1.33 Cl2(g)+2?e?2?Cl? ?+1.36 [9] CoO2(s)+4?H++e?Co3++2?H2O ?+1.42 N2?NH3OH++H++2?e?N2H5++2?H2O ?+1.42 [6] I2?HIO(aq)+2?H++2?e?I2(s)+2?H2O ?+1.44 Ce4++e?Ce3+ ?+1.44 BrO3?+5?H++4?e?HBrO(aq)+2?H2O ?+1.45 PbOβ-PbO2(s)+4?H++2?e?Pb2++2?H2O ?+1.460 [2] PbOα-PbO2(s)+4?H++2?e?Pb2++2?H2O ?+1.468 [2] Br2?BrO3?+12?H++10?e?Br2(l)+6?H2O ?+1.48 Cl2ClO3?+12?H++10?e?Cl2(g)+6?H2O ?+1.49 HHO2+H++e?H2O2 ?+1.495 [11] MnO4?+8?H++5?e?Mn2++4?H2O ?+1.51 OHO2?+H++e?H2O2(aq) ?+1.51 Au3++3?e?Au(s) ?+1.52 NiO2(s)+4?H++2?e?Ni2++2?OH? ?+1.59 Cl2?HClO(aq)+2?H++2?e?Cl2(g)+2?H2O ?+1.63 Ag2O3(s)+6?H++4?e?2?Ag++3?H2O ?+1.67 ClHClO2(aq)+2?H++2?e?HClO(aq)+H2O ?+1.67 Pb4++2?e?Pb2+ ?+1.69 [2] MnO4?+4?H++3?e?MnO2(s)+2?H2O ?+1.70 AgO(s)+2?H++e?Ag++H2O ?+1.77 O?H2O2(aq)+2?H++2?e?2?H2O ?+1.776 Co3++e?Co2+ ?+1.82 Au++e?Au(s) ?+1.83 [2] BrO4?+2?H++2?e?BrO3?+H2O ?+1.85 Ag2++e?Ag+ ?+1.98 [2] S2O82?+2?e?2?SO42? ?+2.07 O3(g)+2?H++2?e?O2(g)+H2O ?+2.075 [7] MnHMnO4?+3?H++2?e?MnO2(s)+2?H2O ?+2.09 XeO3(aq)+6?H++6?e?Xe(g)+3?H2O ?+2.12 [20] XeH4XeO6(aq)+8?H++8?e?Xe(g)+6?H2O ?+2.18 [20] FeO42?+3?e?+8?H+Fe3++4?H2O ?+2.20 [22] XeF2(aq)+2?H++2?e?Xe(g)+2HF(aq) ?+2.32 [20] XeH4XeO6(aq)+2?H++2?e?XeO3(aq)+?H2O ?+2.42 [20] F2(g)+2?e?2?F? ?+2.87 [2][9] F2(g)+2?H++2?e?2?HF(aq) ?+3.05 [2] Tb4++?e??Tb3+ ?+3.05 [11] ^Clickingonthiscolumntore-sortbypotentialdidn''tworkintheSafariinv.4.0.3orearlier(butworksinv.4.0.5).Inthiscasejustreloadthepagetorestoretheoriginalorder.
[编辑]参考资料
^1.01.11.21.31.41.5Milazzo,G.,Caroli,S.,andSharma,V.K.(1978).TablesofStandardElectrodePotentials(Wiley,Chichester).
^2.002.012.022.032.042.052.062.072.082.092.102.112.122.132.142.152.162.172.182.19Bard,A.J.,Parsons,R.,andJordan,J.(1985).StandardPotentialsinAqueousSolutions(MarcelDekker,NewYork).
^3.03.13.23.3Bratsch,S.G.(1989).JournalofPhysicalChemistryReferenceDataVol.18,pp.1–21.
^4.04.1Vanysek,Petr(2006)."ElectrochemicalSeries,"inHandbookofChemistryandPhysics:87thEdition(ChemicalRubberCompany).
^5.005.015.025.035.045.055.065.075.085.095.105.115.125.135.145.155.165.175.185.195.205.215.225.235.245.255.265.275.285.295.30Vanysek,Petr(2007).“ElectrochemicalSeries”,inHandbookofChemistryandPhysics:88thEdition(ChemicalRubberCompany).
^6.06.16.26.36.4Greenwood,N.N.;Earnshaw,A..ChemistryoftheElements.2ndEdition.Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann.1997.ISBN?0-7506-3365-4.?
^7.007.017.027.037.047.057.067.077.087.097.107.11Bard,A.J.,Faulkner,L.R.(2001).ElectrochemicalMethods.FundamentalsandApplications,2ndedition(JohnWileyandSonsInc).
^8.08.1MarcelPourbaix(1966).AtlasofElectrochemicalEquilibriainAqueousSolutions(NACEInternational,Houston,Texas;Cebelcor,Brussels).
^9.009.019.029.039.049.059.069.079.089.099.109.119.129.139.14PeterAtkins(1997).PhysicalChemistry,6thedition(W.H.FreemanandCompany,NewYork).
^10.010.110.2CaSrBa一价[11]与两价间的标准电极电势正好有规律关系，因此可以估计近似值
^11.0011.0111.0211.0311.0411.0511.0611.0711.0811.0911.1011.1111.1211.1311.1411.1511.1611.1711.1811.1911.2011.2111.2211.2311.2411.2511.2611.2711.2811.2911.3011.31StandardRedoxPotentialTable
^TiZrHf的标准电极电势变化较规律，因此可估计Rf的标准电极电势
^GordonAylward&TristanFindlay(2008)."SIChemicalData",6thedition(JohnWiley&Sons,Australia),ISBN9780470816387.
^14.014.114.214.314.414.514.6Vanysek,Petr(2007).“ElectrochemicalSeries”,inHandbookofChemistryandPhysics:88thEdition(ChemicalRubberCompany).
^15.015.115.215.315.4WebElementsPeriodicTableoftheElements|Iron|compoundsinformation
^16.016.1由?0.454和(2×?0.499+?0.508)÷3=?0.502推算出。
^“GlyoxalBisulfite”,OrganicSyntheses,CollectedVolume3,p.438(1955).
^Connelly,NeilG.;Geiger,WilliamE..ChemicalRedoxAgentsforOrganometallicChemistry.ChemicalReviews.1January1996,96(2):877–910.doi:10.1021/cr940053x.PMID?11848774.?
^WebElementsPeriodicTableoftheElements|Hydrogen|compoundsinformation
^20.020.120.220.320.420.520.6WebElementsPeriodicTableoftheElements|Xenon|compoundsinformation
^Cotton,F.Albert;Wilkinson,Geoffrey;Murillo,CarlosA.;Bochmann,Manfred,AdvancedInorganicChemistry.6th,NewYork:Wiley-Interscience.1999,ISBN?0-471-19957-5?
^RedoxReactions,WesternOregonUniversitywebsite
StandardReductionPotentials
StandardElectrodePotentialsinAqueousSolutionat25°C
来自“http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=标准电极电势表&oldid=21087168”
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