全新版大学英语综合教程4【第二版】习题答案
Unit1
TextA
Vocabulary
I.1.1)alliance2)atthecostof
3)stroke4)limp
5)minus6)regions
7)declarations8)siege
9)raw10)bidehistime
11)havetakentheirtoll12)inthecaseof
2.1)isfacedwith2)getboggeddown
3)ispressingon/pressedon4)dragon
5)getby6)dineout
7)havecutback8)getthrough
3.1)Therapidadvanceingenetherapymayleadtotheconquestofcancerinthenearfuture.
2)Productioninmanyfactorieshasbeenbroughttoahaltbythedelayedarrivalofrawmaterialsduetothedockworkers’strike
3)Sarahasmadeuphermindthatherleisureinterestswill/shouldnevergetinthewayofhercareer.
4)Obviouslythereporter''squestioncaughttheforeignministeroffguard.
5)Theintroductionoftheelectroniccalculatorhasrenderedtheslideruleoutofdate/obsolete.
4.1)Beingfacedwithanenemyforcesmuchsuperiortoours,wehadtogiveuptheoccupationofbigcitiesandretreattotheruralandmountainousregionstobuildupourbases.
2)Unityiscrucialtotheefficientoperationofanorganization.Failuretoreckonwiththisproblemwillweakenitsstrength.Inmanycases,workmaybebroughttoahaltbyconstantinternalstruggleinanorganization.
3)TheRedArmyfoughtaheroicbattleatStalingradandwonthedecisivevictoryagainsttheGermans.Infact,thisbattleturnedthetideintheSecondWorldWar.Duringthisfamousbattle,theSoviettroopswithstoodtheGermansiegeandweakenedtheGermanarmybylaunchingaseriesofcounterattacks.
II.MoreSynonymsinContext
1)DuringtheFirstWorldWar,battlesoccurredhereandthereovervastareas.SomeofthemostdramaticfightingtookplaceinthegloomytrenchesofFranceandBelgium.
2)Elizabethmadecarefulpreparationsfortheinterviewandherefforts/homeworkpaidoff.
3)Ispenthourstryingtotalkhimintoacceptingthesettlement,butheturnedadeafeartoallmywords.
4)Pneumoniahadseverelyweakenedherbody,andIwonderedhowherfragilebodycouldwithstandtheharshweather.
III.Usage
1)Butoftenitisnotuntilwefallillthatwefinallylearntoappreciategoodhealth.
2)Aricholdladylaydeadathomefortwoweeks—andnobodyknewanythingaboutit.
3)It''ssaidhedroppeddeadfromaheartattackwhenhewasatwork
4)Don''tsittooclosetothefiretokeepwarm—youcouldeasilygetburned,especiallyifyoufallasleep.
5)Inthosedayspeoplebelievedinmarryingyoungandhavingchildrenearly.
6)LittleTomwasunabletositstillforlongerthanafewminutes.
ComprehensiveExercises
I.Cloze
(A)
1.invasion2.standintheway
3.Conquest4.catching...offhisguard
5.launching6.declaration
7.campaign8.dragon
9.reckonwith10.bringing...toahalt
(B)
1.allow2.reckoned
3.highly4.forecasts
5.rapidly6.instant
7.delivery8.advantage
9.observing10.Powerful
II.Translation
1.Mr.Dohertyandhisfamilyarecurrentlyengagedingettingtheautumnharvestinonthefarm.
2.Wemustnotunderestimatetheenemy.Theyareequippedwiththemostsophisticatedweapons.
3.Havingbeencutofajob/Nothavinghadajobfor3months,Philisgettingincreasinglydesperate.
4.Sam,astheprojectmanager,isdecisive,efficient,andaccurateinhisjudgment.
5.Sincethechemicalplantwasidentifiedasthesourceofsolution,thevillageneighborhoodcommitteedecidedtocloseitdownatthecostof100jobs.
Theoffensivehadalreadylastedthreedays,butwehadnotgainedmuchground.Ourtroopsengagingtheenemyatthefrontwerefacedwithstrong/fierce/stiffresistance.Thedivisioncommanderinstructedourbattaliontogetaroundtotherearoftheenemyandlaunchasurpriseattack.Todoso,however,wehadtocrossamarshlandandmanyofuswereafraidwemightgetboggeddowninthemud.Ourbattalioncommanderdecidedtotakea
gamble.Westartedundercoverofdarknessandpressedoninspiteofgreatdifficulties.Byastrokeofluck,thetemperatureatnightsuddenlydroppedtominus20degreesCelsiusandthemarshfrozeover.Thankstothecoldweather,wearrivedatourdestinationbeforedawnandbeganattackingtheenemyfromtherear.Thisturnedthetideofthebattle.Theenemy,caughtoffguard,soonsurrendered.
Unit2
TextA
Vocabulary
I.1.1)expansion2)automated3)vapor4)takecontrolof5)hazards6)satellite7)vibrated8)magnetic9)bunched10)intheair11)got/wasstuckin
12)approximately
2.1)sendout2)standupfor3)passfor4)wereclosinginon
5)startingup6)wentthrough7)fillout8)fallinto
3.1)…incorporatesallthelatestsafetyfeatures
2)…twotreestenfeetapart
3)…awardinglucrativecontractstohisconstructionsite
4)…theprototypeofanewmodelbeforetheysetupafactorytomakethecars.
5)…arecorrelatedinallracialgroups
4.1)theapplication,remote,hasturnedintoareality,arepoisedto
2)thatvibrate,candetect,frequency
3)lanes,aremountedin,alerta,hazard
II.WordFormation
ClippedWordsBlends
KilokilogramMedicaremedicalcare
Memomemorandumemailelectronicmail
gymgymnasiumcomsatcommunicationssatellite
libliberationnewscastnewsbroadcast
docdoctorskyjackskyhijack
vetveterinarianEurodollarEuropeandollar
preppreparatorybrunchbreakfastandlunch
autoautomobiletelecasttelevisionbroadcast
fluinfluenzaOxbridgeOxfordandCambridge
III.1.swimmingpool2.drawingboard3.enrichedMiddleEnglish4.disturbingchange5.fullydevelopedprototype6.Cannedfoods7.workingpopulation8.puzzlingdifferencesComprehensiveExercises
I.Cloze
1.
1)computerized2)startup3)bepoisedto4)alert5)hazards6)monotonous7)takecontrolof8)steer9)lane10)decrease11)calculate12)eliminate13)gettingstuckin14)mounted15)detect16)vapor
2.
1)generates2)related3)revolutionized4)enabled5)opportunities6)overall7)manufacturing8)dependent9)interact10)fatalities
II.Translation
1．
1)Therewasanunusualquietnessintheair,exceptforthesoundofartilleryinthedistance.
2)TheexpansionofurbanareasinsomeAfricancountrieshasbeencausingasignificantfallinlivingstandardsandanincreaseinsocialproblem.
3)Theresearchshowsthatatmosphericcarbondioxidelevelsarecloselycorrelatedwithglobaltemperatures.
4)Thefrequencyofthebusservicehasbeenimprovedfrom15to12minutesrecently
5)Thediverstoodontheedgeofthedivingboard,poisedtojumpatthesignalfromthecoach.
2.
Automobileshave,sincetheirinvention,revolutionizedtransportation,changingforeverthewaypeoplelive,travel,anddobusiness.Ontheotherhand,theyhavebroughthazards,especiallyhighwayfatalities.However,today
theapplicationofcomputertechnologyandelectronicsensorsindesigningandmanufacturingcarsmakesitpossibletoeliminatemostoftrafficaccidents.Forexample,electronicsensorsmountedinyourcarcandetectalcoholvaporintheairandrefusetostartuptheengine.Theycanalsomonitorroadconditionsbyreceivingradiosignalssentoutfromorbitingsatellitesandgreatlyreduceyourchancesofgettingstuckintrafficjams.
Unit3
TextA
Vocabulary
I.1.
1)rude2)physically3)structure4)madeadifference5)blurted(out)6)chuckling7)measurable8)prospective9)preparations10)sparkled11)tookacrackat12)partner
2.
1)goafter2)lookbackat/on3)beputup4)stoodfor5)buildin6)followup7)behookedupto8)closedup
3.
1)grilledheraboutwhereshehadbeenallnight
2)beyondCinderella''swildestdreamsthatshecouldonedaydanceintheKing’spalace
3)willbeinreaders’handssoon
4)doyourhomeworkbeforegoingonaninterview.
5)wasintheneighborhoodof150dollars.
4.
1）applicants,veteran,theprospective
2）Fromhisstandpoint,hasmadeeveryendeavortogoafter
3)asthesayinggoes,tohaveacrackat,barely
II.WordswithMultipleMeanings
1.behave2.usedtoavoidrepetition3.Clean4.getalong
5.perform/complete6.perform/complete7.study8.beenough9.beacceptable
III.Usage
1.Thereissomuchtosayanditishardtoknowwheretobegin.OK,I’lltalkaboutmyselffirst.
2.Thankyouverymuch,John,foryourbeautifulChristmascard.Bytheway,Ihavesomethinghereforyou.
3.Thenewcomputerlanguagecanbequiteeasilyunderstoodbyanyonewhocanreadthedailynewspaper.Now,whyisthisanadvantage?
4.I’mgoingtoworkouttheoutlineandwillletyouknowhowitgoes.Bytheway,IwillseeyouinFebruary,asIplantoattendyourseminarinShanghai.
5.OK,yougotthejob.Now,howtomaximizeyourprofitswithaslittleeffortaspossible?
6.ChrisisbackfromAustralia.Incidentally,thosepicturesyousentmearewonderful.
ComprehensiveExercises
I.Cloze
1.
(1)prospective(2)AsIseeit(3)doneyourhomework(4)beforehand
(5)endeavor(6)structure(7)partners(8)Respond(9)takeacrack
(10)fromthestandpoint(11)makeadifference(12)followup
2.
(1)encouraging(2)inquiry(3)relevant(4)samples
(5)references(6)advice(7)preparing(8)seriously
(9)probably(10)exhibit
II.Translation
1.
1)Despitetheinadequatelengthoftheairstripinthisemergencylanding,theveteranpilotmanagedtostoptheplaneaftertaxiingforonlyashortwhile.
2)Grilledbythereporters,themoviestareventuallyblurted(out)thatshehadundergonetwoplasticsurgeries.
3)Wehavethetechnologyandourpartnerhasthecapital.Workingtogether,we’llhavethefutureinourhands.
4)IfIhadknownbeforehandthatyouwouldbringsomanyfriendshome,Iwouldhavemadebetterpreparations.Yousee,Ihavebarelyenoughfoodanddrinksforasnack.
5)Peoplegavegenerouslyuponlearningthatnewschoolroomswithstrongerstructuresweretobebuiltintheearthquake-strickenarea.
2.
Wellbegun,halfdone,asthesayinggoes.Itisextremelyimportantforajobapplicanttodohishomeworkwhileseekingemployment.Frommystandpoint,whetherornotonehasdonehishomeworkclearlymakesadifferencesinhischanceofsuccess.
Ihaveafriendwhoisearningsomewhereintheneighborhoodof100,000dollarsayearsinalargecomputersoftwarecompany.Hetoldmethatfromhisownexperiencethedecisionmakerswhointerviewprospectiveemployeeslikepeoplewhoarewellprepared.Thosewhomakenoendeavortolearnasmuchabouthisprospectiveemployeraspossibledon''thavemuchofachanceofsuccess.
Unit4
TextA
Vocabulary
1.
1)advantageous 2)letalone
3)witnessing/vanishing4)landmark
5)entitled6)displace
7)Establishment8)patriotic/strengthen
9)contradictions10)aspires
11)divorced12)pendulums
2. 1)cometo2)dozedoff
3)believedin4)wassetapart
5)takein 6)sucksin
7)cleanup8)turnaway
3.
1)Forme,itmakesno/littledifferencewhetherwegotherebytrainorbybus.
2)ToyatahasovertakenGeneralMotorsastheworld’sbiggestcarmaker.
3)Shortlyaftertheirmarriage,Mr.Chamberswasatoddswithhiswifeovermoneymatters.
4)Henryhasbeenattheforefrontofnanotechnologyresearch.
5)Shedoesn’tevenknowhowtoboilpotatoes,letalonecookameal.
a)isincreasingly/toaccelerate/theirinvestment
b)economy/makeanearnest/domestic/strikeabalancebetween
c)ahandfulof/beendorsedby/onalargescale
II. WordFormation
WTO WorldTradeOrganization 世界贸易组织 GDP Grossdomesticproduct 国内生产总值 ATM Automatedtellermachine 自动出纳机 VAT Value-addedtax 增值税 CAD Computer-aideddesign 计算机辅助设计 IT Informationtechnology 信息技术 IDD Internationaldirectdialing 国际直拨电话 MTV Musictelevision 音乐电视 Radar Radiodetectingandranging 雷达 IOC InternationalOlympicCommittee 国际奥委会 VIP Veryimportantperson 贵宾，大人物 Laser Lightamplificationbystimulatedemissionofradiation 激光 CPU Centralprocessingunit 中央处理器 III.Usage
Anunusualpresent,abookonethics,wasgiventoHenryforhisbirthday.
Thereason(hegave)thathedidn’tnoticethecartilltoolatewasunsatisfactory.
Football,hisonlyinterestinlife,hasbroughthimmanyfriends.
Cloninghadbeenraisedasapossibilitydecadesago,thendismissed,somethingthatseriousscientiststhoughtwassimplynotgoingtohappenanytimesoon.
ComprehensiveExercises
I.Cloze
2.networking
4.growth
6.facilitate
8.outlook
10.patriotic
12.strikeabalance
(A)
1.academics
3.avarietyof
5.vanish
7.endorsing
9.sweepingaside
11.erasing
(B)
1.aided 2.effects 3.distances 4.connected 5.invested 6.features 7.prevailing 8.qualitatively 9.volume 10.Distinguishing
II.Translation
1.
1.)DuetohispessimisticoutlookontheEuropeaneconomy,JohnhasmovedhisassetsfromEuropetoelsewhere.
2)Ilikehiringyoungpeople.Theyareearnestlearnersandcommittedtowork.
3)Unlikehergirlfriendswhocentertheirlivesontheirchildren,Marycaresmoreaboutherpersonalgrowth.
4)Whyisitthataconsiderablenumberofcolleaguesareatoddswithyou?
5)TheChinesegovernmenthasintroducedavarietyofpoliciestostrengthencooperationwithdevelopingcountries.
2．
GlobalizationhasgreatimplicationsforyoungChinese.Forexample,youngfarmersaremovingonalargescaletourbanareastolookforjobs.Andforthoseyoungpeoplewhoaspiretostudyabroadorworkinforeign-investedenterprises,Englishhasbecomeincreasinglyimportant.Atthesametime,aconsiderablenumberofoverseasChinesestudentshavereturnedhomeinrecentyears,fortheyholdanoptimisticoutlookforthelong-termgrowthoftheChineseeconomy.TheinternethasstrengthenedthelinksbetweenChineseyoungpeopleandthoseelsewhere.Theyfollowthelatesttrendandcopyforeignfashions.Someofthemdon’tseemtocarefortraditionalChinesevirtues,letalonecarrythemforward,whichhasgivenrisetoworriesthatthetraditionalChineseculturemightonedayvanish.
Unit5TextA
Vocabulary
I
1)Inaway2)inaccordance3)vacancy4)ingoodcondition5)transparent6)rub7)spicy8)hitherto
9)with(a)badgrace10)instinct11)pawned12)current
2.
1)turnedup2)willstickto3)broughtback4)goabout
5)drivingat6)putaway7)over8)tookaback
3.
1)hasaveryweakconstitution---shemaynotbeabletosurvivetheoperation.
2)wastakenabackbytheinsurancecompany’srejectionofmycompensationclaim
3)wassomethingofasurprisewhenweranintoeachotherinaplacelikethat.
4)needstrimming/tobetrimmed---it’sgettingtoolong.
5)areoftenseceptive
4.
1)Oddlyenough/wentbroke/wrinkled/hehadgonealltopieces
2)definite/iscapableof/hervanity
3)toomild/sipping/stroke
II.Usage
1.Exceptfor2.exceptthat3.except4.exceptwhen
5.exceptto6.exceptwhat7.exceptwhere8.exceptthat
III.
vocabulary spelling AmE BrE AmE BrE apartment flat favorable favourable can tin paralyze paralyse candy sweets labor labour elevator lift meter metre faculty staff(ofauniversity) catalog catalogue firstfloor groundfloor leveling levelling gas,gasoline petrol theater theatre mail post defense defence railroad railway plow plough pants trousers program programme subway tube,underground practice(v.) practise corn maize characterize characterise store shop tire tyre(onacar)
Comprehensiveexercises
Cloze
1.
1).insane2).current3).candid4).capable5).wastakenaback
6).ingoodcondition7).constitution8）.goalltopieces9）.Gonebroke10）.vacancy11）.mild12）.deceptive
2.
1）.suspected2）.pleading3）.confirmed4）stunned
5）lucrative6).jewellery7).wealthy8).urge9).spell10).arrested
Translation
1.
IhaveaninstinctthatHenrywillseektojointheexpedition,becauseheissomethingofanadventurer.
Heiscapableofstickingtothetaskathand,evenifheisexposedtonoises.
Thetrademarkwasregisteredinaccordancewiththelawshithertoinforce.
Oddlyenough,manypeoplevolunteeredtohelporganizethemeeting,butonlyafewturnedup.
Theteacher’saffectionatewords,alongwithhiscandidcomments,changedthewayMikeperceivedthesocietyandhimself.
2.
Formyownpart,Ifindthatappearancesarealltoooftendeceptive.Forinstance,youmightbewrongifyoujudgedbyappearancesonlypeoplelikeEdwardHydeBurton.Inappearance,heseemedamanallofapiece.Hewasatinylittlefellowwithwhitehairandmildblueeyes,gentleandcandid.Nevertheless,heturnedouttobeverycruel.HeinsultedandfooledLennywhowasdownandoutandmadehimcommithimselftoaninsaneventure.WhatwasstillmoresurprisingwasthathewascompletelyindifferenttoLenny’sdeath.Withoutdoubt,Burtonwasamanwithaheartofstone.
Unit6
TextA
Vocabulary
1
1)appliances 2)comparative 3)multiply 4)distribution
5)prosperity 6)decorate 7)famine 8)largequantitiesof/alargequantityof
9)streamline 10)fax 11)pointedthewayto 12)bewildered
2
1)eatinto 2)clingto
3)standout/stoodout 4)wearsaway
5)setabout 6)switchoff
7)willbeturnedloose 8)pouredin
3
1)isforecasttobebelowaveragenextyear,whichatthemomentis4percent.
2)toenterthebuildingandfindthebabygirlprovedfutileasrescuersweredrivenoutbytheheatandflames.
3)wasurgedtodivertsomeofitsattentionfromexpandingproductionandgetmoreinvolvedwithissuesofmarketdemand.
4)canreallyeatheavilyintoyourprofitswhenyouaresellingsuitsat￡900anddressesat￡2,000.
hastoiledendlesslyovertheexercisemachineforthelasttwentyyearsinordertokeepherbodyinshape.
4
1)reactionto;discontent;provoked
2)convention;evadingtax;theconfinesof
3)aburden;arealwaysonthego/seemforeveronthego;tocope
II.ConfusableWords
1.1)nervousness2)tension3)stress;stress4)tension
2.1)honorary2)Honorable3)honorable4)honorary5)honorable6)Honorary
III.Usage
1)Dealingwiththeextinctioncrisisisnosimplematter.Isitsensible,wemayask,tospendlargesumsofmoneytosavesomespecies–beitanelephantoranorchid–inanationinwhichalargeproportionofthepopulationislivingbelowthepovertyline?
2)Thisnewtechnologycouldbeusedanywherelargenumbersofpeopleneedtobequicklyscreened---atairports,trainstations,busterminalsorbordercrossings.However,expertssuspect,thereisalsotheriskthatpeoplewilllearntofoolthemachinethesamewaytheytrytofoolpolygraphreadingsbycontrollingtheirbreathortakingdrugstorelaxthemselves.
3)Withahighpercentageofmarriagesendingindivorce,oftenduetofinancialdifficulties,youwouldsaythatmoneyisabigfactorinmakingagoodmarriage.But,believeitornot,itisn’tmoneythatensuresyouahappymarriage;itisyourphilosophyoflifethatdoes.
4)NotalltherisksontheInternetaresexual,youknow.Sitespromotingviolencearejustaclickaway,andmayincludeinstructionsformakingbombsandotherdestructivedevices.
Cloze
1.(Text-related)
1)switchoff 2)obliged 3)onthego 4)cope
5)shortage 6)largequantityof 7)pouringin 8)bynature
9)fraction 10)futile
2.(Theme-related)
1)advantage 2)wisely 3)faithfully
4)waking 5)includes 6)schedule
7)sticking 8)priorities 9)set
10)respect
Translation
1.
1)Theyareexploringthenewfrontiersofmedicalscienceinanattempttofindremediesforincurablediseases/curesfordiseasesthatarebeyondremedysofar.
2)Heruniqueteachingmethodsapart,MsWilson,mymathteacher,nevertriedtocramknowledgeintomyhead.
3)TheregularweatherforecastbytheCentralTVStationkeepsusupwiththechangesofweatherwhereverwegoonatrip.
4)Theappallingexplosionstartedabigfireandcausedthepartialcollapseofthebuilding.
5)Inthemodernworld,therearemorewaysthanevertowasteawaytime,andallkindsofdistractionsareeatingintoourprecioustime.
2.
Todayweareunderconstantpressuretoworklongerhours,toproducemore,andtopossessmore.Lotsofpeopleholdthewrongperceptionthathappinessliesinworkinghardandearningwell/goodmoney.
Manywomentodayfeelthesamestresstoworkandgetaheadand,atthesametime,tonurturetheiroffspringandshouldertheburdenofdomesticresponsibilities.
Researchshowsthatworkaholismtendstodistanceusfromourimmediatefamilies.Itforcesustotoillongerandlongerhours,leavingaminutefractionofourtimetobephysicallyandemotionallyavailabletoourlovedones.Intimacyamongfamilymembersisdoomedtodieintheprocess.
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