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Drug resistance fades quickly in key AIDS drug
2013-01-10 | 阅:  转:  |  分享 
  
DrugresistancefadesquicklyinkeyAIDSdrug很快在关键艾滋病药物耐药性消退

Oneofthemainweaponstopreventmother-to-childtransmissionoftheAIDSvirusduringbirthisthedrugnevirapine.Butwhennevirapineisusedalonejustonce,HIVstartsbecomingresistanttoit.ResearchinBotswanashowsthattheresistanceisnotlonglastingandthisaffordabledrugdoesnothavetobeabandonedforeverbyinfectedmotherswhohavealreadytakenit.主要武器之一,以防止出生时母亲的艾滋病病毒母婴传播的药物奈韦拉平。但是,当单独使用奈韦拉平只需一次,艾滋病毒开始成为抗拒。在博茨瓦纳的研究表明,阻力不长久,这负担得起的药物并没有被放弃了谁已经采取它感染的母亲永远。

InternationalmedicalguidelinescallforpregnantwomenwithadvancedHIVtogetacombinationofAIDSdrugsincludingnevirapinetopreventpassingtheirinfectionontotheirnewbornsduringdelivery.Butinpoorcountries,combinationshavebeenexpensiveandnevirapinehasoftenbeenusedalone,sincestudieshaveshownthatasinledosecancutthetransmissionrateinhalf.国际医疗指南要求晚期艾滋病毒的孕妇获得包括艾滋病药物奈韦拉平,以防止通过其在分娩时感染上他们的新生儿组合。但是,在贫穷国家,组合已被昂贵和奈韦拉平常常被单独使用,因为研究表明,新乐剂量可以减少一半的传输速率。

TheproblemisthatHIVresistancebuildsagainstitquicklywhenusedalonejustbecauseotherdrugsarenotpresenttokillthevirusparticlesthatsurvivenevirapine.Thisrendersthedruglesseffectiveinlatercombinationsfortreatingwomenaftertheirbabyisborn.ButthenewstudyfromBotswanashowsthatnevirapinecanmakeacomebackforthesewomeniftheywaituntiltheresistancesubsides.问题是,抵抗艾滋病毒的迅速建立对单独使用时,只是因为其他药物不存在杀死病毒颗粒的生存奈韦拉平。这使得药物治疗效果较差后出生的婴儿的妇女在以后的组合。但是,来自博茨瓦纳的新的研究表明,奈韦拉平可以使这些妇女如果他们东山再起的抵抗减弱,直到等待。

"Thefurtheroutyougetfromthatexposuretosingledosenevirapine,thelessdetectablenevirapineresistanceis`,"saidShahinLockmanoftheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealthBoston''.Shesayswaitingperiodforwomenwhogetthesingledoseofnevirapineatdeliverycanbeasshortassixmonths."Iftheystartednevirapine-basedtreatmentsixormoremonthsafternevirapineexposure,theirtreatmentresponsewasjustasgood,andreallyquitehighcomparedtowomenwhodidnothavethesingledoseofnevirapine,"sheadded."However,`thewomenwhostartednevirapine-basedtreatment,withinsixmonthsofthatnevirapineexposureweremuchmorelikelytoexperiencetreatmentfailure.“你的进一步指出,为从单剂量奈韦拉平暴露得更加检测电阻是`奈韦拉平说,”沙欣的哈佛公共卫生Lockman波士顿''。她说,等待的妇女分娩时谁获得的单剂量奈韦拉平期可达到6个月内。“如果他们开始奈韦拉平为基础的治疗6个或更多个月曝光后,奈韦拉平,其治疗的反应是一样好,真正相当高的妇女相比,谁没有了单剂量奈韦拉平,”她补充说。“但是,''谁的妇女开始奈韦拉平为基础的治疗后6个月的奈韦拉平曝光,他们更容易治疗失败的经验。

ThestudypublishedintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicineshowsthatwaitingatleastsixmonthsmeansthatHIV-positivewomenare70percentmorelikelytobenefitfromnevirapine-baseddrugcombinationsagainthanwomenwhogetthemsooner.AnofficialwiththeU.S.governmenthealthagencythathelpedfundthestudycallsitveryimportant.在新英格兰医学杂志发表的研究表明,等待至少六个月意味着艾滋病毒呈阳性的妇女百分之七十以上是可能受益于奈韦拉平的比女性谁让他们更快的药物组合了。与美国政府卫生机构,资助了这项研究的官方称之为非常重要的。

LynneMofensonischiefofresearchonchild,adolescent,andmaternalAIDSattheU,S.NationalInstituteofChildHealthandHumanDevelopment.ShesaysthefindingsupportsaWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)recommendationrestrictingasingledoesofnevirapineonlytopregnantHIV-infectedwomenwhoarehealthyenoughtowaitsixmonthsafterchildbirthformorenevirapine-basedtherapy.Otherwise,theyshouldgetotherdrugsduringlabor.“Itshowstheimportanceofscreeningwomenfortreatmentwhiletheyarepregnantandputtingthemonappropriatetherapywhiletheyarepregnanttoavoidhavingtostarthemtoosoonaftertheyreceivedpreventivetherapy,”sheexplained.林恩Mofenson是首席研究儿童,青少年及产妇艾滋病在美国,美国国立儿童健康和人类发展。她说,这一发现支持世界卫生组织(WHO)的建议,限制单一的奈韦拉平只感染艾滋病毒的健康谁是感染的妇女没有足够的等待之后,更多的奈韦拉平分娩6个月的治疗。否则,他们应该得到的劳动过程中的其他药物。“这表明了检查治疗妇女的重要性,而他们是怀孕并给他们适当的治疗因为怀孕,以避免过于翻边开始后不久,他们收到的预防治疗,”她解释道。

ShahinLockmaninBostonsaystheproblemofnevirapineresistanceshoulddiminishnowthat''moreandmorepeoplearereceivingcombinationsofAIDSdrugsunderexpandedU.S.andinternationalprogramstodeliverthemtoAfricaandotherregionshardhitbythevirus.沙欣说,在波士顿Lockman的奈韦拉平抗药性问题应该会减少现在,随着''越来越多的人正接受美国和扩大国际项目输送到非洲和其他地区的艾滋病药物的组合很难受病毒袭击。

1.Whateffectdoesnevirapinehave?奈韦拉平有何影响呢?

DItmaypreventpassingHIVinfectionfrommothers.ontotheirnewbornsduringdelivery.通过它可以防止感染艾滋病毒的母亲。到他们的新生儿在分娩

2.WhydoesHIVresistanceagainstnevirapinebuildveryquicklyevenwhenthedrugisusedalonejustonce?为什么对奈韦拉平抵抗艾滋病毒的建设非常快,甚至在单独使用药物只有一次?



CBecauseotherdrug,arenotpresenttokillthevirusparticlesthatsurvivenevirapine.因为其他药物,不存在杀死病毒颗粒的生存奈韦拉平

3.Whenmayawomanstarthernevirapinebasedtreatmentifshegetsthesingledoseofnevirapineatdelivery?当一个女人开始,可能她的奈韦拉平为基础的治疗,如果她分娩时获得的单剂量奈韦拉平?

Cshehastowaitatleastsixmonthsafterthatnevirapineexposure.她要等至少6个月后奈韦拉平的风险。

4.Wemaylearnfromthis.passagethatHIVresistanceagainstnevirapine我们可以学习。通过艾滋病毒的抵抗奈韦拉平____.

Alastsonlyforaboutahalfyearandfadesquickly只持续了大约半年,并很快淡出



5.Generallyspeaking,theauthor''sattitudetowardstheuseofnevirapineis一般来说,作者对使用奈韦拉平的态度是_.

Bpositive确信的

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