不定代词不定代词不是指确定的对象,而且仅具有非确定特指含义,通常用作替代词.常用的不定代词有:all,each,every,both,ei
ther,neither,one,none,little,few,many,much,other,another,some,
any,no,以及由some,any,no,every组合的复合不定代词.1.All“所有”,谈到三个或三个以上的人或物时以
及在谈到不可数的事物时.当作主语指人时,谓语动词用复数形式;当作主语指物时,谓语动词用单数形式;当作定语时,它既可修饰可数名词,又
可修饰不可数名词.AllofusareinterestedinEnglish.Allisgoingwell.
Theyallwentthereandboughtsomebookslastweek.Hetoldme
allaboutit.注意:Allofusarenotstudents.是”我们大家并不都是学生”之意.暗示:我们
当中有一些是学生,有一些不是.句型Notall…或为All…not不完全否定句.当all用作主语时,如果后面有人称代词,须在他
们之间加上of,如果后面跟的是名词,他们之间可加of,也可不加.AllofthemarefromBeijing.Al
lthestudents/Allofthestudentshavepassedtheexam.none意
为”没有一个人或东西”,在句中可以作主语,宾语及同位语,但它不能作定语.1.---Arethereanymapson
thewalll?---None2.Ilikenoneofthesebooksboth,either
和neitherboth表示“两者都…”,作主语时谓语动词用复数,可以构成both…and的句型Bothofusare
doctors.Youarebothwrong.BoththestudentsareAmericanBoth
youandheareright.either表示两者中的任何一个,在句中可用作主语,宾语和定语,用作定语时后面只接
单数名词.1.---Wouldyoulikeacupofteaoraglassofwater?
---Eitherwilldo.2.Therearemanytreesoneithersideofthe
river.Neither表示两者都不,在句中可作主语,宾语和定语,作定语时只能接单数可数名词,作主语时,谓语动词用单数.
1.Neitherofthestudentsisfifteen.2.---DoyouknowJa
ckandTom?---No,Iknowneitherofthem.3.---Whatabo
utthetwobooks?---Neitherbookisinteresting.each和eve
ryEach强调个体,every强调整体.可以用作主语,宾语及同位语,every只能作定语.Everystuden
thasgotanewpen.Eachteacheriswearingahattoday.W
eeachhaveanewschoolbagnow.Hegavetwotoeachofthem.
Little,alittle和few,afewLittlefew表示”很少,几乎没有,”alittle,afew表示
”有一些”.Little和alittle后接不可数名词,few和afew后接可数名词复数.他们在句中可作主语,宾语和定语.
IhaveafewbooksbutIhavefewpencils.---CanyouspeakEngl
ish?---Yes,Icanspeakalittle.Thereislittlewaterintheb
ottle,isthere?some,any,no,every组合的复合不定代词.当主句中的主语是指人的复合不定代词如ev
erybody,everyone,anyone等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词they;当主句中的主语是指物的复合不定代词如ev
erything,anything,something,nothing等时,其反意疑问句的主语通常是代词it.Everybod
yishere,aren’tthey?Everythingisready,isn’tit?当形容词或else修饰
复合不定代词something,everything,everyone等时,形容词或else必须放在复合不定代词的后面.Iha
vesomethingimportanttotellyou.Weneedonemorehelper.Can
youfindanyoneelse?All的位置：当谓语动词是实义动词时，all放在动词前面；谓语动词是be时，放在
be后面；当谓语动词是情态动词或助动词加实义动词时，放在他们之间。Theyallknowtheanswer.T
heyareallwomen.Theyhaveallfinishedtheirhomework.You
canallcometoseemeagainnextMonday.当all用作人称代词宾语的同位语时,a
ll放在宾语后面.如:youall,themallusall.Noneof后面只能接可数名词复数,但谓语动词用单,复
数均可,强调整体时谓语动词常用复数,强调个体时谓语动词常用单数.Noneofthesepicturesare/is
good.Noneofthemlikeit.Noneofushasgotacar.注意:回答how
many或howmuch问句时通常用none回答.---Howmanystudentsarethereinthe
classroom?---None.---Whoisintheclassroom?---Noone/Nobod
ybothof…的否定式是Neitherof…,BothofthemcomefromJapan.
NeitherofthemcomesfromJapan·either可以构成either…or…,表示或者…或
者…,要么…要么…EitherTomorJackwillstayathometommow.either还
可以作副词,意为”也”,用在否定句中.neither…nor…表示既不…也不…,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与后面的名词或代词一
致.both…and…的否定式是Neither…nor…,NeitheryounorshespeaksJapanes
e.BothMr.LiandMrs.ZhangareOK.NeitherMr.LinorMrs.Zhangi
sOK.both,either,neither,all,none1.—DoyouspeakEnglisho
rFrench?--Neither.IspeakChinese.2.Neitherofmyparentsi
sateacher.3.Eitherofthetwinshastostayathome,theyca
n’tbothgotothepark.4.Bothofmyparentsareteachers.5.-W
hichdrinkdoyouprefer,Cokeorgreentea?–EitherisOK./Both
areOK.6.Allofmyclassmateshavegoneabroad.7.Itook
several(若干，几个)kindsofmedicine,butnoneofthemworked.eac
h和every均可作定语,后面的名词只能是单数可数名词,谓语动词只能用单数.eachof后面必须接复数名词,但谓语动词只能
用单数形式.EachofthegirlsisgoodatEnglish.everyotherday每隔一天
every和each后都可以接单数可数名词eg,every/eachteacher但
each则是指两者或两者以上中的每一个，且可用于eachof结构，every表示三个或三个以上中的每一个，且不可以用of
结构.eg,Everyboyhasabike.---Eachboyhasabike.-
--Eachoftheboyshasabike.eg,on_______sideofthestre
etsome用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句eg,Thereissomewaterinthecup
,butnotanymilk.Isthereanynewstoday?each但在疑
问句中，当说话者希望对方做肯定回答时要用some,而不是anyeg,---MayIhavesomepape
r,please?---Sure.Hereyouare..work当句子前面有only时
,后面只能用alittle和afew,即:onlyafew=veryfew(几乎没有几个),onlyalittle=
verylittle(几乎没有,很少)HecanspeakonlyalittleChinese.专用some的
情况：Wouldyoulikesomewater?Couldyoulendsomemoney?MayIa
sksomequestions?下面的单词或短语修饰可数还是不可数？many+可数名词复数；much+不可数名词；
alotof/lotsof/some+可数或不可数名词；alittle/little+不可数名词；af
ew/few+可数名词1.Ihavespentmuchmoney,soIhavelittlele
ft.2.Couldyougivemealittlemilk?3.Fewofthetouris
tswanttogo,becausethereisnotinginteresting.用alittle/
littleafew/few填空another指三者以上不定数目中“另一个，又一个”，theother+名词=
theothers特指“另外的，其他的”one…theother指“一个…另一个…”others泛指另外的人或物，
1.Idon’tlikethisshirt,pleaseshowmeanother.2.one
ofmyeyesisbetterthantheotherone.3.Childrengrowquickl
yinsomewaysbutslowlyinotherways.4.Someapplesaregood,buttheothersinthebaghavegonebad.5.YoulikeChangyuansomuch,whynotstayhereforanothertwodays?another+数字=数字+more表示“再，又多少”everyone的意思等同与everybody,只能指人;everyone既可指人也可指物,还可以和of短语连用.Everyone/EveryonelikesMary.Ihavekepteveryoneofherletters. |
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