February2006Rev11/20
20
VIPer22ADIP-E
VIPer22AS-E
LowPowerOFF-LineSMPSPrimarySwitcher
Features
■Fixed60kHZSwitchingFrequency
■9Vto38VWideRangeV
DD
Voltage
■CurrentModeControl
■AuxiliaryUndervoltageLockoutwithHysteresis
■HighVoltageStart-upCurrentSource
■Overtemperature,Overcurrentand
OvervoltageProtectionwithAuto-Restart
Description
TheVIPer22A-Ecombinesadedicatedcurrent
modePWMcontrollerwithahighvoltagePower
MOSFETonthesamesiliconchip.
Typicalapplicationscoverofflinepowersupplies
forbatterychargeradapters,standbypower
suppliesforTVormonitors,auxiliarysuppliesfor
motorcontrol,etc.Theinternalcontrolcircuit
offersthefollowingbenefits:
–LargeinputvoltagerangeontheV
DD
pin
accommodateschangesinauxiliarysupply
voltage.Thisfeatureiswelladaptedto
batterychargeradapterconfigurations.
–Automaticburstmodeinlowloadcondition.
–OvervoltageprotectioninHICCUPmode.
TypicalPowerCapability
MainstypeSO-8DIP-8
European(195-265Vac)12W20W
US/Widerange(85-265Vac)7W12W
DIP-8SO-8
www.st.com
Blockdiagram
ON/OFF
0.23V
DRAIN
SOURCE
VDD
PWM
LATCH
60kHz
OSCILLATOR
BLANKING
+
_
8/14.5V
_
+
FF
S
R1
R4
Q
R3
FB
REGULATOR
INTERNAL
SUPPLY
OVERVOLTAGE
LATCH
OVERTEMP.
DETECTOR
1k?
42V
_
+
R2
FF
S
R
Q
230?
ContentsVIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-E
2/20Rev1
Contents
1ElectricalData..............................................3
1.1MaximumRatings............................................3
1.2ThermalData...............................................3
2ElectricalCharacteristics.....................................4
3PinConnectionsandFunction................................6
4Operations.................................................7
4.1RectangularU-IOutputCharacteristics...........................7
4.2WideRangeofVDDVoltage...................................7
4.3FeedbackPinPrincipleofOperation.............................8
4.4Startupsequence...........................................10
4.5Overvoltagethreshold........................................11
5Operationpictures.........................................12
6MechanicalData...........................................15
7Ordercodes...............................................18
8Revisionhistory...........................................19
VIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-EElectricalData
Rev13/20
1ElectricalData
1.1MaximumRatings
Stressingthedeviceabovetheratinglistedinthe“AbsoluteMaximumRatings”tablemay
causepermanentdamagetothedevice.Thesearestressratingsonlyandoperationofthe
deviceattheseoranyotherconditionsabovethoseindicatedintheOperatingsectionsof
thisspecificationisnotimplied.ExposuretoAbsoluteMaximumRatingconditionsfor
extendedperiodsmayaffectdevicereliability.ReferalsototheSTMicroelectronicsSURE
Programandotherrelevantqualitydocuments.
1.2ThermalData
Table1.AbsoluteMaximumRating
SymbolParameterValueUnit
V
DS(sw)
Switchingdrainsourcevoltage(T
J
=25...125°C)
(1)
1.Thisparameterapplieswhenthestart-upcurrentsourceisOFF.ThisisthecasewhentheVDDvoltage
hasreachedV
DDon
andremainsaboveV
DDoff
.
-0.3...730V
V
DS(st)
Start-updrainsourcevoltage(T
J
=25...125°C)
(2)
2.Thisparameterapplieswhenthestartupcurrentsourceison.ThisisthecasewhentheVDDvoltagehas
notyetreachedV
DDon
orhasfallenbelowV
DDoff.
-0.3...400V
I
D
ContinuousdraincurrentInternallylimitedA
V
DD
Supplyvoltage0...50V
I
FB
Feedbackcurrent3mA
V
ESD
Electrostaticdischarge:
Machinemodel(R=0?;C=200pF)
Chargeddevicemodel
200
1.5
V
kV
T
J
JunctionoperatingtemperatureInternallylimited°C
T
C
Caseoperatingtemperature-40to150°C
T
stg
StorageTemperature-55to150°C
Table2.ThermalData
SymbolParameterSO-8DIP-8Unit
R
thJC
ThermalResistanceJunction-CaseMax2515°C/W
R
thJAThermalResistanceJunction-Ambient
(1)
1.Whenmountedonastandardsingle-sidedFR4boardwith200mm
2
ofCu(atleast35μmthick)
connectedtoallDRAINpins.
Max5545°C/W
ElectricalCharacteristicsVIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-E
4/20Rev1
2ElectricalCharacteristics
T
J
=25°C,V
DD
=18V,unlessotherwisespecified
Table3.Powersection
SymbolParameterTestconditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
BV
DSS
Drain-sourcevoltageI
D
=1mA;V
FB
=2V730V
I
DSS
OFFStatedrain
current
V
DS
=500V;V
FB
=2V;
T
J
=125°C
0.1mA
r
DS(on)
Staticdrain-source
ONstateresistance
I
D
=0.4A
I
D
=0.4A;T
J
=100°C
1517
31
?
t
f
Falltime
I
D
=0.2A;V
IN
=300V
(1)
(SeeFigure8onpage12)
1.Onclampedinductiveload
100ns
t
r
Risetime
I
D
=0.4A;V
IN
=300V
(1)
(SeeFigure8onpage12)
50ns
C
OSS
DraincapacitanceV
DS
=25V40pF
Table4.Supplysection
SymbolParameterTestconditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
I
DDch
Start-upcharging
current
V
DS
=100V;V
DD
=0V...V
DDon
(SeeFigure9onpage12)
-1mA
I
DDoff
Start-upcharging
currentinthermal
shutdown
V
DD
=5V;V
DS
=100V
T
J
>T
SD
-T
HYST
0mA
I
DD0
Operatingsupply
currentnotswitching
I
FB
=2mA35mA
I
DD1
Operatingsupply
currentswitching
I
FB
=0.5mA;I
D
=50mA
(1)
1.Thesetestconditionsobtainedwitharesistiveloadareleadingtothemaximumconductiontimeofthe
device.
4.5mA
D
RST
Restartduty-cycle(SeeFigure10onpage12)16%
V
DDoff
V
DD
Undervoltage
shutdownthreshold
(SeeFigure9,
Figure10onpage12)
789V
V
DDon
V
DD
Start-up
threshold
(SeeFigure9,
Figure10onpage12))
1314.516V
V
DDhyst
V
DD
Threshold
hysteresis
(SeeFigure9onpage12)5.86.57.2V
V
DDovp
V
DD
Overvoltage
threshold
384246V
VIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-EElectricalCharacteristics
Rev15/20
Table5.Oscillationsection
SymbolParameterTestconditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
F
OSC
Oscillatorfrequency
totalvariation
V
DD
=V
DDoff
...35V;
T
J
=0...100°C
546066kHz
Table6.PWMComparatorsection
SymbolParameterTestConditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
G
ID
I
FB
toI
D
currentgain(SeeFigure11onpage13)560
I
Dlim
Peakcurrent
limitation
V
FB
=0V
(SeeFigure11onpage13)
0.560.70.84A
I
FBsd
I
FB
Shutdowncurrent(SeeFigure11onpage13)0.9mA
R
FB
FBPininput
impedance
I
D
=0mA
(SeeFigure11onpage13)
1.2k?
t
d
Currentsensedelay
toturn-OFF
I
D
=0.4A200ns
t
b
Blankingtime500ns
t
ONmin
MinimumTurn-ON
time
700ns
Table7.Overtemperaturesection
SymbolParameterTestConditionsMin.Typ.Max.Unit
T
SD
Thermalshutdown
temperature
(SeeFigure12onpage13)140170°C
T
HYST
Thermalshutdown
hysteresis
(SeeFigure12onpage13)40°C
Table8.TypicalPowerCapability
(1)
1.Abovepowercapabilitiesaregivenunderadequatethermalconditions
MainstypeSO-8DIP-8
European(195-265Vac)12W20W
US/Widerange(85-265Vac)7W12W
PinConnectionsandFunctionVIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-E
6/20Rev1
3PinConnectionsandFunction
Figure1.Pinconnection
Figure2.Currentandvoltageconventions
Table9.Pinfunction
PinNamePinFunction
V
DD
Powersupplyofthecontrolcircuits.Alsoprovidesachargingcurrentduringstartup
thankstoahighvoltagecurrentsourceconnectedtothedrain.Forthispurpose,an
hysteresiscomparatormonitorstheV
DD
voltageandprovidestwothresholds:
-V
DDon
:Voltagevalue(typically14.5V)atwhichthedevicestartsswitchingandturns
offthestartupcurrentsource.
-V
DDoff
:Voltagevalue(typically8V)atwhichthedevicestopsswitchingandturnson
thestartupcurrentsource.
SOURCEPowerMOSFETsourceandcircuitgroundreference.
DRAIN
PowerMOSFETdrain.Alsousedbytheinternalhighvoltagecurrentsourceduring
startupphaseforchargingtheexternalV
DD
capacitor.
FB
Feedbackinput.Theusefulvoltagerangeextendsfrom0Vto1V,anddefinesthepeak
drainMOSFETcurrent.Thecurrentlimitation,whichcorrespondstothemaximum
draincurrent,isobtainedforaFBpinshortedtotheSOURCEpin.
1
2
3
4
DRAIN
DRAIN
DRAIN
DRAIN
8
7
6
5
DRAIN
DRAIN
DRAIN
DRAIN
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
FB
VDD
SOURCE
FB
VDD
SOURCE
SOURCESOURCE
SO-8DIP-8
I
DD
I
D
I
FB
V
DD
V
FB
V
D
FB
VDDDRAIN
SOURCE
CONTROL
VIPer22A
VIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-EOperations
Rev17/20
4Operations
4.1RectangularU-IOutputCharacteristics
Figure3.RectangularU-Ioutputcharacteristicsforbatterycharger
Acompleteregulationschemecanachievecombinedandaccurateoutputcharacteristics.
Figure3.presentsasecondaryfeedbackthroughanoptocouplerdrivenbyaTSM101.This
deviceofferstwooperationalamplifiersandavoltagereference,thusallowingtheregulation
ofbothoutputvoltageandcurrent.AnintegratedORfunctionperformsthecombinationof
thetworesultingerrorsignals,leadingtoadualvoltageandcurrentlimitation,knownasa
rectangularoutputcharacteristic.Thistypeofpowersupplyisespeciallyusefulforbattery
chargerswheretheoutputismainlyusedincurrentmode,inordertodeliveradefined
chargingrate.TheaccuratevoltageregulationisalsoconvenientforLi-ionbatterieswhich
requirebothmodesofoperation.
4.2WideRangeofV
DD
Voltage
TheV
DD
pinvoltagerangeextendsfrom9Vto38V.Thisfeatureoffersagreatflexibilityin
designtoachievevariousbehaviors.InFigure3onpage7aforwardconfigurationhasbeen
chosentosupplythedevicewithtwobenefits:
T1
D3
C5
C4
-+
D4
C3
T2
F1
C1
C10
-
+-
+
Vref
Vcc
GND
U2
TSM101
R6
R9
R10
R4
C9
R7
R5
R8
C8
R3
ISO1
D2
D5
R2
C7
R1
C2
D1
FB
VDDDRAIN
SOURCE
CONTROL
U1
VIPerX2A
C6
ACIN
DCOUT
GND
OperationsVIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-E
8/20Rev1
■Assoonasthedevicestartsswitching,itimmediatelyreceivessomeenergyfromthe
auxiliarywinding.C5canbethereforereducedandasmallceramicchip(100nF)is
sufficienttoinsurethefilteringfunction.Thetotalstartuptimefromtheswitchonofinput
voltagetooutputvoltagepresenceisdramaticallydecreased.
■Theoutputcurrentcharacteristiccanbemaintainedevenwithveryloworzerooutput
voltage.SincetheTSM101isalsosuppliedinforwardmode,itkeepsthecurrent
regulationupwhatevertheoutputvoltageis.TheV
DD
pinvoltagemayvaryasmuchas
theinputvoltage,thatistosaywitharatioofabout4forawiderangeapplication.
4.3FeedbackPinPrincipleofOperation
Afeedbackpincontrolstheoperationofthedevice.UnlikeconventionalPWMcontrol
circuitswhichuseavoltageinput(theinvertedinputofanoperationalamplifier),theFBpin
issensitivetocurrent.Figure4.presentstheinternalcurrentmodestructure.
Figure4.Internalcurrentcontrolstructure
ThePowerMOSFETdeliversasensecurrentI
s
whichisproportionaltothemaincurrentId.
R2receivesthiscurrentandthecurrentcomingfromtheFBpin.ThevoltageacrossR2is
thencomparedtoafixedreferencevoltageofabout0.23V.TheMOSFETisswitchedoff
whenthefollowingequationisreached:
R
2
I
S
I
FB
+()?0.23V=
VIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-EOperations
Rev19/20
ByextractingI
S
:
UsingthecurrentsenseratiooftheMOSFETG
ID
:
ThecurrentlimitationisobtainedwiththeFBpinshortedtoground(V
FB
=0V).Thisleadsto
anegativecurrentsourcedbythispin,andexpressedby:
Byreportingthisexpressioninthepreviousone,itispossibletoobtainthedraincurrent
limitationI
Dlim
:
Inarealapplication,theFBpinisdrivenwithanoptocouplerasshownonFigure4.which
actsasapullup.So,itisnotpossibletoreallyshortthispintogroundandtheabovedrain
currentvalueisnotachievable.Nevertheless,thecapacitorCisaveragingthevoltageon
theFBpin,andwhentheoptocouplerisoff(startuporshortcircuit),itcanbeassumedthat
thecorrespondingvoltageisverycloseto0V.
Forlowdraincurrents,theformula(1)isvalidaslongasIFBsatisfiesI
FB
FBsd
,where
I
FBsd
isaninternalthresholdoftheVIPer22A.IfI
FB
exceedsthisthresholdthedevicewill
stopswitching.ThisisrepresentedonFigure11onpage13,andI
FBsd
valueisspecifiedinthe
PWMCOMPARATORSECTION.Actually,assoonasthedraincurrentisabout12%of
Idlim,thatistosay85mA,thedevicewillenteraburstmodeoperationbymissingswitching
cycles.Thisisespeciallyimportantwhentheconverterislightlyloaded.
Figure5.I
FB
Transferfunction
ItisthenpossibletobuildthetotalDCtransferfunctionbetweenI
D
andI
FB
asshownon
Figure5onpage9.Thisfigurealsotakesintoaccounttheinternalblankingtimeandits
associatedminimumturnontime.Thisimposesaminimumdraincurrentunderwhichthe
deviceisnomoreabletocontrolitinalinearway.Thisdraincurrentdependsontheprimary
inductancevalueofthetransformerandtheinputvoltage.Twocasesmayoccur,depending
onthevalueofthiscurrentversusthefixed85mAvalue,asdescribedabove.
I
S
0.23V
R
2
----------------I
FB
–=
I
D
G
ID
I
S
?G
ID
0.23V
R
2
----------------I
FB
–
??
??
?==
I
FB
0.23V
R
1
---------------–=
I
Dlim
G
ID
0.23V
1
R
2
-------
1
R
1
-------+
??
??
??=
I
FBsd
I
Dlim
I
FB
t
ONmin
V
2
?
IN
L
-----------------------------------------
t
ONmin
V
1
?
IN
L
-----------------------------------------
85mA
I
Dpeak
0
PartmaskedbytheI
FBsd
threshold
OperationsVIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-E
10/20Rev1
4.4Startupsequence
Figure6.Startupsequence
Thisdeviceincludesahighvoltagestartupcurrentsourceconnectedonthedrainofthe
device.Assoonasavoltageisappliedontheinputoftheconverter,thisstartupcurrent
sourceisactivatedaslongasV
DD
islowerthanV
DDon
.WhenreachingV
DDon
,thestartup
currentsourceisswitchedOFFandthedevicebeginstooperatebyturningonandoffits
mainpowerMOSFET.AstheFBpindoesnotreceiveanycurrentfromtheoptocoupler,the
deviceoperatesatfullcurrentcapacityandtheoutputvoltagerisesuntilreachingthe
regulationpointwherethesecondaryloopbeginstosendacurrentintheoptocoupler.At
thispoint,theconverterentersaregulatedoperationwheretheFBpinreceivestheamount
ofcurrentneededtodelivertherightpoweronsecondaryside.
ThissequenceisshowninFigure6.Notethatduringtherealstartingphaset
ss
,thedevice
consumessomeenergyfromtheV
DD
capacitor,waitingfortheauxiliarywindingtoprovide
acontinuoussupply.Ifthevalueofthiscapacitoristoolow,thestartupphaseisterminated
beforereceivinganyenergyfromtheauxiliarywindingandtheconverterneverstartsup.
Thisisillustratedalsointhesamefigureindashedlines.
VIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-EOperations
Rev111/20
4.5Overvoltagethreshold
AnovervoltagedetectorontheV
DD
pinallowstheVIPer22AtoresetitselfwhenV
DD
exceedsV
DDovp
.ThisisillustratedinFigure7.whichshowsthewholesequenceofan
overvoltageevent.NotethatthiseventisonlylatchedforthetimeneededbyV
DD
toreach
V
DDoff
,andthenthedeviceresumesnormaloperationautomatically.
Figure7.OvervoltageSequence
t
t
V
DS
V
DDon
V
DD
V
DDoff
V
DDovp
OperationpicturesVIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-E
12/20Rev1
5Operationpictures
Figure8.RiseandFalltime
Figure9.Start-upV
DD
current
Figure10.Restartduty-cycle
I
D
V
DS
90%
10%
t
fv
t
rv
t
t
LD
300V
C
FB
VDDDRAIN
SOURCE
CONTROL
VIPer22A
C<
V
DD
V
DDhyst
V
DDoff
V
DDon
I
DD0
I
DDch
V
DS
=100V
F
sw
=0kHz
I
DD
100V
10μFFB
VDDDRAIN
SOURCE
CONTROL
VIPer22A
2V
t
V
DD
V
DDoff
V
DDon
t
CH
t
ST
D
RST
t
ST
t
ST
t
CH
+
---------------------------=
VIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-EOperationpictures
Rev113/20
Figure11.PeakdraincurrentVs.feedbackcurrent
Figure12.Thermalshutdown
I
FB
4mH
100V
100V
18V
FB
VDDDRAIN
SOURCE
CONTROL
VIPer22A
47nF
G
ID
I
Dpeak
?
I
FB
?
------------------------–=
I
D
I
Dpeak
t
1/F
OSC
I
FB
I
Dpeak
I
Dlim
I
FB
I
FBsd
R
FB
?
V
FB
Thedraincurrentlimitationis
obtainedforVFB=0V,anda
negativecurrentisdrawnfrom
theFBpin.SeetheApplication
sectionforfurtherdetails.
0I
FBsd
OperationpicturesVIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-E
14/20Rev1
Figure13.SwitchingfrequencyVs.temperature
Figure14.CurrentLimitationvs.Temperature
VIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-EMechanicalData
Rev115/20
6MechanicalData
Inordertomeetenvironmentalrequirements,SToffersthesedevicesinECOPACK
?
packages.ThesepackageshaveaLead-freesecondlevelinterconnect.Thecategoryof
secondLevelInterconnectismarkedonthepackageandontheinnerboxlabel,in
compliancewithJEDECStandardJESD97.Themaximumratingsrelatedtosoldering
conditionsarealsomarkedontheinnerboxlabel.ECOPACKisanSTtrademark.
ECOPACKspecificationsareavailableat:www.st.com.
MechanicalDataVIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-E
16/20Rev1
Figure15.PackageDimensions
Table10.DIP-8MechanicalData
Dimensions
Ref.
Databook(mm.)
Nom.Min.Max.
A5.33
A10.38
A22.923.304.95
b0.360.460.56
b21.141.521.78
c0.200.250.36
D9.029.2710.16
E7.627.878.26
E16.106.357.11
e254
eA7.62
eB10.92
L2.923.303.81
PackageWeightGr.470
VIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-EMechanicalData
Rev117/20
Figure16.PackageDimensions
Table11.SO-8MechanicalData
Dimensions
Ref.
Databook(mm.
Nom.Min.Max.
A1.351.75
A10.100.25
A21.101.65
B0.330.51
C0.190.25
D4.805.00
E3.804.00
e1.27
H5.806.20
h0.250.50
L0.401.27
k8°(max.)
ddd0.1
OrdercodesVIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-E
18/20Rev1
7Ordercodes
Table12.Ordercodes
PartNumberPackageShipment
VIPER22ASTR-ESO-8TapeandReel
VIPer22AS-ESO-8Tube
VIPer22ADIP-EDIP-8Tube
VIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-ERevisionhistory
Rev119/20
8Revisionhistory
Table13.Documentrevisionhistory
DateRevisionChanges
09-Feb-20061Initialrelease.
VIPer22ADIP/VIPer22AS-E
20/20Rev1
Informationfurnishedisbelievedtobeaccurateandreliable.However,STMicroelectronicsassumesnoresponsibilityfortheconsequences
ofuseofsuchinformationnorforanyinfringementofpatentsorotherrightsofthirdpartieswhichmayresultfromitsuse.Nolicenseisgranted
byimplicationorotherwiseunderanypatentorpatentrightsofSTMicroelectronics.Specificationsmentionedinthispublicationaresubject
tochangewithoutnotice.Thispublicationsupersedesandreplacesallinformationpreviouslysupplied.STMicroelectronicsproductsarenot
authorizedforuseascriticalcomponentsinlifesupportdevicesorsystemswithoutexpresswrittenapprovalofSTMicroelectronics.
TheSTlogoisaregisteredtrademarkofSTMicroelectronics.
Allothernamesarethepropertyoftheirrespectiveowners
?2006STMicroelectronics-Allrightsreserved
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