电路原理专业词汇表
Gollosariesof“TheoremofElectricalCircuit”
Chapter1ElementsandLawsofEletrical
Circuits
电路electricalcircuit
电流current
电荷electriccharge
电压voltage
电位potential
电位差potentialdifference
电动势electromotiveforce(e.m.f)
electromotance
功率power
能量energy
电阻resistor/resistance
电导conductor/conductance
电感inductor/inductance
电容capacitor/capacitance
欧姆定律Ohm’sLaw
广义欧姆定律generalizedOhm’sLaw
参考方向referencedirection
电压极性voltagepolarity
正极positivepolarity
负极negativepolarity
理想独立电压源
idealindependentvoltagesource
理想独立电流源
idealindependentcurrentsource
理想受控源
idealdependent/controlledsource
压控电压源
voltagecontrolledvoltagesource(VCVS)
压控电流源
voltagecontrolledcurrentsource(VCCS)
流控电压源
currentcontrolledvoltagesource(CCVS)
流控电流源
currentcontrolledcurrentsource(CCCS)
节点node
支路branch
回路loop
基尔霍夫电流定律
Kirchhoff’sCurrentLaw(KCL)
基尔霍夫电压定律
Kirchhoff’sVoltageLaw(KVL)
闭合面closedboundary
集总参数lumpedparameter
集总参数电路lumpedcircuit
集总参数元件lumpedelement
分布参数distributedparameter
分布参数电路distributedcircuit
直流directcurrent(DC)
交流alternatingcurrent(AC)
有源器件activeelement
无源器件passiveelement
无损电路losslesscircuit
Chapter2Analysismethodstosimple
resistor
circuits
串联seriesconnection
分压voltagedivision
并联parallelconnection
分流currentdivision
等效电阻equivalentresistance
Y-Δ变换Wye-Deltatransformation
入端电阻inputresistance
Chapter3MethodsofAnalysis
支路电流法methodofbranchcurrent
节点法NodalAnalysis
回路电流法loopcurrentmethod
网孔电流法meshcurrentmethod
外网孔outermesh
自导纳self-admittance
互导纳mutual-admittance
矩阵matrix
行row
列column
参考节点referencenode
平面电路planarcircuit
方程equation
消去法eliminationtechnique
克莱姆法则Cramer’srule
代入法substitutionmethod
运算放大器operationalamplifier(opamp)
同向输入端noninvertinginput
反向输入端invertinginput
输出端output
等效电路模型equivalentcircuitmodel
开环放大倍数open-loopgain
闭环放大倍数closed-loopgain
入端电阻inputresistance
输出电阻outputresistance
线性工作区linearregion
正向饱和区positivesaturation
反向饱和区negativesaturation
同向放大noninvertingamplifier
反向放大invertingamplifier
加法器summingamplifier
积分器integrator
微分器differentiator
自激振荡self-sustainedoscillation
Chapter4CircuitTheorems
叠加原理superpositionprinciple
输入/激励input/excitation
输出/响应output/response
线性电路linearcircuit
代数和algebraicsum
替代定理substitutionprinciple
戴维南定理Thevenin’sTheorem
诺顿定理Norton’sTheorem
二端网络two-terminalcircuit
开路电压open-circuitvoltage
短路电流short-circuitcurrent
特勒根定理TellegenTheorem
功率平衡定理Power-balancing
Theorem
互易定理reciprocaltheorem
对偶原理principleofduality
对偶元件dualelement
对偶图dualgraph
Chapter5NonlinearCircuit
非线性电路nonlinearcircuit
非线性元件nonlinearelement
压控电阻voltage-controlledresistor
流控电阻current-controlledresistor
静态电阻staticresistance
动态电阻dynamicresistance
小信号分析small-signalanalysis
小信号模型small-signalmodal
分段线性化法piece-wiselinearmthod
数值解法numericalanalysis
Chapter6First-orderCircuit
一阶电路first-ordercircuit
一阶微分方程first-orderdifferential
equation
过渡过程transientprocess
线性时不变电路lineartime-invaried
circuit
单位阶跃函数unitstepfunction
单位脉冲函数unitpulsefunction
单位斜坡函数unitrampfunction
起始条件initialcondition
起始值initialvalue
零输入响应zero-inputresponse
零状态响应zero-stateresponse
稳态响应steady-stateresponse
暂态响应transientresponse
时间常数timeconstant
指数函数exponentialfunction
阶跃响应stepresponse
冲激响应impulseresponse
自由响应naturalresponse
强迫响应forcedresponse
全响应completeresponse
稳态值finalvalue
卷积积分convolutionintegration
时域延迟timedelay
换路switching
跳变现象jumpphenomenon
脉冲持续时间pulseduration
脉冲重复周期repeatingperiodofpulse
Chapter7Second-orderCircuit
二阶电路second-ordercircuit
齐次微分方程
homogeneousdifferentialequation
常系数微分方程
constantcoefficientsequation
特征方程characteristicequation
特征根characteristicroot
特征值eigenvalue
特征向量eigenvector
特解particularsolution
通解generalsolution
自然频率naturalfrequency
衰减系数dampingfactor
谐振角频率resonantfrequency/
undampednaturalfrequency
过阻尼情况overdampedcase
欠阻尼情况underdampedcase
临界情况criticallydampedcase
固有振荡角频率dampingfrequency/
dampednatural
frequency
衰减振荡dampedoscillation
无损lossless
正弦响应sinusoidalresponse
波形waveform
实数real
复数complex
衰减attenuation
Chapter8SinusoidalSteady-StateAnalysis
幅值amplitude/magnitude
相位phase
相位差phasedifference
角频率angularfrequency
周期period
频率cyclicfrequency
正弦sinusoidal
余弦cosine
初相角initialphaseangle
瞬时值instantaneousvalue
最大值maximum
有效值effectivevalue
root-mean-squarevalue
u领先iφuleadsibyφ
u落后iφulagsibyφ
同相inphase
反相oppositeinphase
实部realpart
虚部imaginarypart
直角坐标形式rectangularform
极坐标形式polarform
指数形式exponentialform
相量phasor
参考相量referencephasor
电压三角形voltagetriangle
瞬时功率instantaneouspower
平均功率averagepower
阻抗impedance
导纳admittance
电抗reactance
电纳suspectance
感性inductive
容性capacitive
正弦稳态响应
sinusoidalsteady-stateresponse
时域time-domain
相量域phasor-domain
视在功率apparentpower
功率因数powerfactor(pf)
复功率complexpower
功率三角形powertriangle
复共轭complexconjugate
有功功率activepower
无功功率reactivepower
最大功率传输定理
MaximumPowerTransferTheorem
功率守恒定理
Theoremofconservationofpower
阻抗匹配impedencematching
共轭匹配conjugatematching
Chapter9MagneticallyCoupledCircuits
耦合couple
互感mutualinductance
自感self-inductance
磁通magneticflux
互感电压mutual/inducedvoltage
线圈coil
铁心线圈coilwithironcore
匝数turn
耦合系数couplingcoefficient
变压器transformer
空心变压器air-coretransformer
原边primarycoils/windings
副边secondarycoils/windings
引入阻抗reflectedimpendence
理想变压器idealtransformer
全耦合变压器unity-coupled
transformer
变比turnsratio/transformation
ratio
自耦合变压器auto-transformer
多绕组变压器multiple-winding
transformer
右螺旋定则right-handedscrewrule
同名端dottedterminal
terminalsofsamemagnetic
polarity
漏感leakageinductance
Chapter10Resonance
串联谐振seriesresonance
并联谐振parallelresonance
谐振频率resonantfrequency
特性阻抗characteristicimpedence
品质因数qualityfactor
频率响应frequencyresponse
选择性selectivity
选频特性frequency-selection
characteristic
Chapter11FrequencyResponse
复频率complexfrequency
网络函数networkfunction
转移函数transferfunction
多项式polynomial
极点pole
零点zero
波特图Bodeplot
分贝decibel
增益gain
对数logarithm
半对数semilog
转折频率corner/breakfrequency
截止频率cut-offfrequency
带宽bandwidth
无源滤波器passivefilter
有源滤波器activefilter
低通滤波器low-passfilter
高通滤波器high-passfilter
带通滤波器band-passfilter
带阻滤波器band-stop/band-reject/notch
filter
Chapter12Three-phaseCircuits
对称三相电源balancedthree-phase
sources
对称三相电路
symmetricalthree-phasecircuit
中线neutralline
中性点neutralpoint
三相四线制three-phasefour-wiresystem
相电压phasevoltage
线电压linevoltage
相序phasesequence
正序positive/abcsequence
负序negative/acbsequence
相电流phasecurrent
线电流linecurrent
Chapter13Steady-StateResponseof
Periodic
Excitation
周期性非正弦激励
nonsinusoidalperiodicexcitation
三角形式的付里叶级数
trigometricFourierseries
指数形式的付里叶级数
exponentialFourierseries
付里叶系数Fouriercoefficient
基波fundamentalharmonic
基波频率fundamentalfrequency
谐波harmonicwave
高次谐波higherharmonic
频谱frequencyspectrum
谱线spectrumline
线状频谱linespectrum
奇次odd
偶次even
奇对称oddsymmetry
偶对称evensymmetry
半波对称half-wavesymmetry
帕斯瓦尔定理Parseval’stheorem
Chapter14FourierTransformationand
LaplaceTransformation
付里叶变换Fouriertransformation
拉普拉斯变换Laplacetransformation
原函数originalfunction
象函数transformfunction
积分变换integraltransformation
频域frequencydomain
幅度谱amplitudespectrum
相位谱phasespectrum
矩形脉冲rectangularpulse
线性性质linearity
时域微分timedifferentiation
时域积分timeintegration
时域平移timeshift
频域平移frequencyshift
拉普拉斯反变换inverseLaplace
transformation
拉普拉斯变换对Laplacepairs
Chapter15Two-portNetworks
端口port
二端口网络two-portnetwork
四端网络four-terminalnetwork/
quadripole
Z参数impedenceparameters
Y参数admittanceparameters
H参数Hybridparameters
T参数Transmissionparameters
策动点drivingpoint
(二端口)级联cascadeconnection
传播常数transmissionconstant
Chapter16BasisofNetworkGraph
Theory
图graph
拓扑图topologicalgraph
子图subgraph
连通图connectedgraph
有向图orientedgraph
树tree
树支treebranch
连支link
割集cutset
降阶关联矩阵reducedincidencematrix
增广矩阵augmentedmatrix
秩rank
基本回路矩阵
fundamentalloopmatrix
基本割集矩阵
fundamentalcutsetmatrix
单位阵unitmatrix
转置阵transposedmatrix
正定矩阵positivedefinitematrix
非奇异矩阵nonsingularmatrix
逆矩阵inversematrix
方阵squarematrix
零矩阵zeromatrix
行列式determinant
Chapter17StateVariablesApproach
状态变量statevariable
状态方程stateequation
状态空间statespace
列向量columnvector
特征值characteristicvalue
特征向量characteristicvector
特征方程characteristicequation
相似矩阵similarmatrix
Chapter18NonlinearDynamicCircuits
非线性时变电路
nonlineartime-varyingcircuit
自治电路
非自治电路
前向欧拉法forwardEular’smethod
后向欧拉法backwardEular’smethod
相平面
状态平面stateplanar
相轨线
中心点
焦点
节点
鞍点
平衡点
稳定性stability
渐近稳定asymptoticstability
Chapter19DistributedCircuits
分布参数电路distributedcircuit
传输线transmissionline
均匀传输线uniformtransmissionline
反射reflection
透射transmission
波长wavelength
波速wavespeed
行波travelingwave
驻波standingwave
正向行波directwave
反向行波returningwave
波阻抗waveimpedence
波前wavefront
传播常数propagationconstant
AppendixMagneticCircuit
磁路magneticcircuit
铁磁物质ferromagneticsubstance
磁导率magneticpermeability
磁感应强度magneticinduction
磁通magneticflux
磁链magneticlinkage
磁通势magnetomotiveforce
磁通密度magneticfluxdensity
磁通连续性定理
principleofcontinuityofmagneticflux
磁场强度magneticfluxintensity
磁阻reluctance
磁导permeance
安培环路定理
principleofAmpereloopcircuit
磁化曲线magnetizationcurve
磁滞回线hysteresisloop
磁滞hysteresis
涡流eddycurrent
涡流损失eddycurrentloss
集肤效应skineffect
漏磁通leakageflux
磁饱和magneticsaturation
电磁感应定律
lawofelectromagneticinduction
励磁电流excitingcurrent
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