英語學術寫作
一、课程名称：英语学术写作?EnglishAcademicResearchPaperwriting
课程负责人：邹晓玲
二、学时与学分：32学时，2学分
三、适用专业：全校非英语专业学生
?四、课程教材：
刘洊波等.2006.大学英语论文写作手册.重庆：重庆大学出版社
?五、参考教材：
1.?Fabb,Nigel&Durant,Alan.2003.HowtoWriteEssays,DissertationsandThesesinLiteraryStudies.Chengdu:SichuanUniversityPress.
2.?Seyfer.H.1998.EnglishAcademicPaperWriting.Beijing:HigherEducationPress.???
3.Slade,Carole.1997.FormandStyle:ResearchPapers,ReportsandTheses.HoughtonMifflinCompany.?
4.?冯翠华，2003，《英语科研论文写作概要》，上海外语教育出版社?
5.?刘洊波.2004.英语学术论文写作.北京：高等教育出版社
六、开课单位：外国语学院
七、课程的目的、性质和任务：
????本课程旨在从理论和实践两方面向大学生讲解學術寫作写作的基本知识，获取论文写作的有效信息，掌握论文写作的方法和技巧，为以后的教学、科研和管理工作奠定良好的基础。
?八、课程的基本要求：
本课程是为通过大学英语四级的非英语专业学生开设的，每周两节课。每单元用英语讲授，以必要的汉语补充解释，课堂内安排一定的时间组织学生小组讨论和个人发言。
九、课程的主要内容：
????本课程包括以下内容：选题、资料查询、笔记整理、主题论述、写摘要、拟提纲、文献综述、确定研究方法、设计研究内容、收集数据、组织数据和分析数据等写作技巧，以及包括如何使用引语、标列夹注和尾注、参考文献和书目等學術寫作的基本格式。
?十、说明：
????本课程的主要学习方式有：自主学习、合作研究、小组讨论、网上交互，小组课堂演示和学术写作实践等。
?十一、考试方式：平时作业与期末论文成绩相结合。
?十二、学时分配：总学时为32学时，每周2学时，共16周。
课程介绍
Aims&Objectives
1)?????Workautonomouslyandindependently;
2)?????Workcooperativelywithothersonoralandwrittentasks;
3)?????Participatefluentlyandconfidentlyinsmallgroupdiscussions;
4)?????Producewell-organizedandwrittenacademicessayswithappropriatecitationandreferencing;
5)?????TakegreaterresponsibilityforyourownimprovementofEnglishlanguageskillsbothinandbeyondtheclassroom.
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Teacher’scontribution
1)?????Provideclassroominstructionandpracticeonacademicwritingskills;
2)?????Giveweb-basedfeedbackandclassroomguidanceonyourwritingpracticeandclasspresentation;
3)?????Organizegroupdiscussionsonessay-relatedtopicsandyourwriting;
4)?????Cultivateautonomousandcooperativelearningcompetence.
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Students’learningstrategies
1)???????Collaborativelearning-?workcooperativelyanddiscussingroupsontopicsandskillsrelatedtothecourse;?
2)???????Autonomouslearning-engageinguidedself-study,whichwillcontributetowardsyourworkonessaywriting;
3)???????On-lineactivities-locateresourcesanddointeractiveweb-basedactivitiesthatrelatetoyouressaytopicsandwritingskills;
4)???????Self-evaluation–decideyourownlearningobjectivesandevaluateyourownlearningprogress.
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Contentsofthecourse
Week1：Courseintroduction
Week2：Choosingatopic
Week3：Hypothesisandthesisstatement
Week4：Outline
Week5：Takingnotes
Week6：Organizingthecontent
Week7：FeaturesofacademicEnglish
Week8：Mechanicsofessaywriting
Week9：Documentation
Week10：Workscitedformat
Week11：Abstract,introductionandliteraturereview
Week12：Methodology,results,Discussionandconclusion
Week13：Finalthesiswriting
Week14：OralPresentation1
Week15：OralPresentation2
Week16：OralPresentation3
Materials
Textbook：
刘洊波.2006.大学英语论文写作手册.重庆：重庆大学出版社
References：
黄国文等.2004.英语学术论文写作.重庆：重庆大学出版社
覃先美等，2001，毕业论文导写，湖南师范大学出版社
冯翠华，2003，英语科研论文写作概要，上海外语教育出版社
刘洊波.2004.英语学术论文写作.北京：高等教育出版社
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CourseRequirements
Beforeclass:
Teacher:uploadsontheweb-basedcourseplatformacademicwritingmaterials,lessonplans,thequestionsforthoughtandassignments
Students:logontheweb-basedcourseplatformtodopre-classreading,discussthequestionsingroupsandprepareforpresentation
Inclass:
Students:Tobedividedinto6groups,participateingroupdiscussionsinclassesontopicsgivenbeforeclassorgivepresentationstoanswerthequestionsingroups
Teacher:giveskeypointstothechapter,asummaryoraconclusionforreference
Afterclass:
Teacher:givesassignmentsanduploadsthemontheweb-basedcourseplatformforstudentstofinishindividuallyorcollaboratively.
Students:uploadyourindividualexercisesontheweb-basedcourseplatformordiscussproblemscollaborativelyandthenanswerthequestionsingroups.
Attheendofthecourse:
???????Giveanoralpresentationofyourresearchpaperinclassin8minutes,andthenanswertheteacher’squestionsrelatedtothepaper.
???????UploadyourresearchpaperononeofthefollowingSubjectsinfullformintheweb-basedcourseplatform.
???????GlobalWarming;
???????CALL;CooperativeLearning;AutonomousLearning
???????Wordlimit:3000~5000
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Assessment
Students’finalscores:
???????Individualwork:30%(5pointseach,totalscores6);
???????Groupwork:35%(5pointseach,totalscores7);
???????Oralpresentation:15%;
???????Researchpaper:20%.
2pointsminusforeachclasshourabsenceand0.5foreachlatecoming.
2pointsplusforactiveonlineinteractions
2pointsplusforconstructivestudynotes
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课程作业
小组评价：
1.内容正确?20%?
????2.语言规范??20%
????3.讨论充分??20%
????4.观点清晰??20%
????5.成果呈现效果好20% 个人评价：
1.善于协作??20%
????2.有效性好??20%
????3.讨论积极??20%
????4.对成果形成贡献大?20%?
????5.承担任务20% GroupWork
Assignment1
Discussingroupsonthenetwhichofthefollowingitemsseemlikelytoworkoutwellastopicsforresearchpapers?Explainyourreasons.Youarerequiredtogiveapresentationofyouranswerstotheclassnexttime.
workingwomeninAmericatoday
thewayFMradiosignalsaresentandreceived
theCIA''sroleinNicaragua
theinventionofgunpowder
thecauseofmeasles
thecauseofcancer
theBritishcolonizationofAfricainthenineteenthcentury
programsforpreventionofchildabuse
therealauthorofShakespeare''splays
thecauseofteenagealcoholism
thegenerationgap
theroleofcomputersinbusinesstoday
automationinheavyindustry
theeffectivenessofcapitalpunishmentinreducingthecrimerate
thearmsraceasathreattopeace
theeffectofillegalimmigrationontheeconomyoftheSouthwest
theeffectofhighsalariesonthequalityofbaseballbeingplayedtoday
theabilityofsomepeopletoseethefutureintheirdreams
Assignment2
ReviewwhatyoulearntinChapterIIandtrythemethodofbrainstormingyoulearntinChaptertwotonarrowoneofthefollowingsubjectsintoasmanytopicsasyoucaningroupsonthenetandthengiveapresentationofyourdiscussionresulttotheclassnexttime:
Subjects:GlobalWarming;CALL;CooperativeLearning;AutonomousLearning
Assignment3
Comparethefollowingthesisstatementandthendecidewhichonesareweakthesisstatementsandwhichonesarestrongthesisstatements.Explainthereasons.Youshoulddiscussthemingroupsafterclassandputyouranswersinthecourseplatform.Nextweek,I’dlikeyoutogiveapresentationofyourdiscussionresults.
1)Thesisstatement1:TherearesomenegativeandpositiveaspectstotheBananaHerbTeaSupplement.
Thesisstatement2:BecauseBananaHerbTeaSupplementpromotesrapidweightlossthatresultsinthelossofmuscleandleanbodymass,itposesapotentialdangertocustomers.
2)Thesisstatement1:Myfamilyisanextendedfamily.
Thesisstatement2:WhilemostAmericanfamilieswouldviewconsanguinealmarriageasathreattothenuclearfamilystructure,manyIranianfamilies,likemyown,believethatthesemarriageshelpreinforcekinshiptiesinanextendedfamily.
3)Thesisstatement1:CompaniesneedtoexploitthemarketingpotentialoftheInternet,andwebpagescanprovidebothadvertisingandcustomersupport.
Thesisstatement2:BecausetheInternetisfilledwithtremendousmarketingpotential,companiesshouldexploitthispotentialbyusingwebpagesthatofferbothadvertisingandcustomersupport.
4)Thesisstatement1:Worldhungerhasmanycausesandeffects.
Thesisstatement2:HungerpersistsinAppalachiabecausejobsarescarceandfarmingintheinfertilesoilisrarelyprofitable.
5)Thesisstatement1:Shakespearewastheworld''sgreatestplaywright.
Thesisstatement2:ThelastsceneinMidsummerNight''sDreamaddsapoliticaldimensiontothecomedyendingbyincorporatingsubtlelinguisticandtheatricalreferencestoElizabeth''spositionasqueen.
6）Thesisstatement1：Havinganofficialpolicyoneuthanasiajustcausesproblems,astheDutchexampleshows.
Thesisstatement2：Dutchlawsoneuthanasiahavebeenpraisedfortheiruseoftheprincipleofself-determination.Recentcases,however,showthattheselawshavenotbeenabletodealadequatelywithissuesinvolvingtechnologicalinterventiononunconsciouspatients.HamarckiantheoryisneededtoenlargetheframeworkusedincreatingtheDutchlaw.Itprovidesonewaytoexaminethekeyquestionofhowtoassignrights.
7)Title:CompareandcontrastthereasonswhytheNorthandSouthfoughttheCivilWar.
Thesisstatement1:TheNorthandSouthfoughttheCivilWarformanyreasons,someofwhichwerethesameandsomedifferent.
Thesisstatement2:WhilebothsidesfoughttheCivilWarovertheissueofslavery,theNorthfoughtformoralreasonswhiletheSouthfoughttopreserveitsowninstitutions.
Thesisstatement3:WhilebothNorthernersandSouthernersbelievedtheyfoughtagainsttyrannyandoppression,NorthernersfocusedontheoppressionofslaveswhileSouthernersdefendedtheirownrightstopropertyandself-government.
8)WriteananalysisofsomeaspectofMarkTwain''snovelHuckleberryFinn.
Thesisstatement1:MarkTwain''sHuckleberryFinnisagreatAmericannovel.
Thesisstatement2:InHuckleberryFinn,MarkTwaindevelopsacontrastbetweenlifeontheriverandlifeontheshore.
Thesisstatement3:Throughitscontrastingriverandshorescenes,Twain''sHuckleberryFinnsuggeststhattofindthetrueexpressionofAmericandemocraticideals,onemustleave"civilized"societyandgobacktonature.
2.Readthefollowingparagraphsandfindoutthethesisstatement:
1)WhathashappenedtotheAmericanmale?Foralongtime,heseemedutterlyconfidentinhismanhood,sureofhismasculineroleinsociety,easyanddefiniteinhissenseofsexualidentity.ThefrontiersmenofJamesFenimoreCooper,forexample,neverhadanyconcernaboutmasculinity;theyweremen,anditdidnotoccurtothemtothinktwiceaboutit.Evenwellintothetwentiethcentury,theheroesofDreiser,ofFitzgerald,ofHemingwayremainmen.Butonebeginstodetectanewthemeemerginginsomeoftheseauthors,especiallyinHemingway:thethemeofthemaleheroincreasinglypreoccupiedwithprovinghisvirilitytohimself.Andbymid-century,themalerolehadplainlylostitsruggedclarityofoutline.Todaymenaremoreandmoreconsciousofmalenessnotasafactbutasaproblem.ThewaysbywhichAmericanmenaffirmtheirmasculinityareuncertainandobscure.Therearemultiplyingsigns,indeed,thatsomethinghasgonebadlywrongwiththeAmericanmale''sconceptionofhimself.
2)MostpeoplewhobotherwiththematteratallwouldadmitthattheEnglishlanguageisinabadway,butitisgenerallyassumedthatwecannotbyconsciousactiondoanythingaboutit.Ourcivilizationisdecadent,andourlanguage—sotheargumentruns—mustinevitablyshareinthegeneralcollapse.Itfollowsthatanystruggleagainsttheabuseoflanguageisasentimentalarchaism,likepreferringcandlestoelectriclightorhansomcabstoaeroplanes.Underneaththisliesthehalf-consciousbeliefthatlanguageisanaturalgrowthandnotaninstrumentwhichweshapeforourownpurposes.
Now,itisclearthatthedeclineofalanguagemustultimatelyhavepoliticalandeconomiccauses:itisnotduesimplytothebadinfluenceofthisorthatindividualwriter.Butaneffectcanbecomeacause,reinforcingtheoriginalcauseandproducingthesameeffectinanintensifiedform,andsoonindefinitely.Amanmaytaketodrinkbecausehefeelshimselftobeafailure,andthenfailallthemorecompletelybecausehedrinks.ItisratherthesamethingthatishappeningtotheEnglishlanguage.Itbecomesuglyandinaccuratebecauseourthoughtsarefoolish,buttheslovenlinessofourlanguagemakesiteasierforustohavefoolishthoughts.Thepointisthattheprocessisreversible.ModernEnglish,especiallywrittenEnglish,isfullofbadhabitswhichspreadbyimitationandwhichcanbeavoidedifoneiswillingtotakethenecessarytrouble.Ifonegetsridofthesehabitsonecanthinkmoreclearly,andtothinkclearlyisanecessaryfirststeptowardspoliticalregeneration:sothatthefightagainstbadEnglishisnotfrivolousandisnottheexclusiveconcernofprofessionalwriters.Iwillcomebacktothispresently,andIhopethatbythattimethemeaningofwhatIhavesaidherewillhavebecomeclearer.Meanwhile,herearefivespecimensoftheEnglishlanguageasitisnowhabituallywritten.
Assignment4
1.Decideoneortwoapproachesyoumaytaketowardthefollowingsubjectsandexplainthereasonforyourchoice.
Onrelationshipsbetweentranslatedandoriginaltexts
AqualityevaluationofSLA/FLTexperimentalstudiesbyChineseresearchers
Acomparativestudyofthestructuralsyllabusandthenotional-functionalsyllabus
InternalstructureofEFLmotivationatthetertiarylevelinChina
AnexplorationofSweet’sinfluenceonthestudyofChinesegrammar
ThefunctionoflanguagetransferandtheanalysisandcountermeasureofwrittenEnglish
Acognitive-pragmaticanalysisoflanguagereportinEnglishandChinese
AstudyofthestyleofeditorialEnglish
Acognitive-psychologicalanalysisofthesecondlanguageacquisitionprocess
Ontheprocessofmetaphorunderstandinganditscharacteristics
2.Decidewhatmethodyoumaychoosetoorganizethecontentaccordingtothefollowingthesisstatements:
1)Ananalysisofthecollegeadmissionprocessrevealstwoprincipalproblemsfacingcounselors:acceptingstudentswithhightestscoresorstudentswithstrongextracurricularbackgrounds.
2)Thelifeofthetypicalcollegestudentischaracterizedbytimespentstudying,attendingclass,andsocializingwithpeers.
3)Highschoolgraduatesshouldberequiredtotakeayearofftopursuecommunityserviceprojectsbeforeenteringcollegeinordertoincreasetheirmaturityandglobalawareness.
4)ThelastsceneinMidsummerNight''sDreamaddsapoliticaldimensiontotheElizabeth''spositionasqueen.
5)Neitherneo-protectionismnorpost-industrialtheoryexplainsthesteepreversaloffortunefortheCanadianfurnitureindustryintheperiod1988-1994.Dataonproductivity,profits,andemployment,however,canbecloselycorrelatedwithprovisionsoftheNorthAmericanFreeTradeAgreementthattookeffectinthesameperiod.
6）Dutchlawsoneuthanasiahavebeenpraisedfortheiruseoftheprincipleofself-determination.Recentcases,however,showthattheselawshavenotbeenabletodealadequatelywithissuesinvolvingtechnologicalinterventiononunconsciouspatients.HamarckiantheoryisneededtoenlargetheframeworkusedincreatingtheDutchlaw.Itprovidesonewaytoexaminethekeyquestionofhowtoassignrights.
Assignment5
1.Identifyingfeaturesofspokenandwrittenlanguage:Readthefollowingtwoparagraphscarefully,andthenanswerthequestionsbelow:
TextA
Peoplebenefitfrommoderntechnologybecauseithasimprovedourstandardofliving.Moderntechnologyprovidesmanygoodjobsandservicesforsociety,butitalsodamagestheenvironmentandcausesenvironmentalpollution.Weknowthatmoderntechnologydamagestheenvironmentandcausespollution,sowhydowestilluseit?Becausewejustcan’tlivewithoutit.Scientistsaretryingtoreducepollutionandcontroltheproblemsitcauses,andiftheydon’t,ourenvironmentwillbedestroyed.Moderntechnologyissurelynecessaryandimportant,buthowcanweuseitwithoutcausingnegativeeffects?
TextB
Thesocialbenefitsofmoderntechnologyincludetheincreasedprovisionofgoods,servicesandemployment.Whilethistechnologyhasmanynegativeside-effectsontheenvironment,particularlyintermsofpollution,modernsocietyisdependentonthebenefitsthatthistechnologyprovides.Inrecentyears,increasingpublicawarenessoftheextentofenvironmentaldestructionasaresultofthistechnologyhasspurredscientificinvestigationintotechnologieswhichprovideamoresustainableoutcomefortheenvironment.Inthissense,modernsocietymaycontinuetosustainitselfandtheenvironmentthroughmoresophisticatedtechnology.
1.Whichofthetextsismore‘written’accordingtotheconceptofthespokenandwrittencontinuum?TextAorTextB?
2.CanyouidentifyexamplesofthefollowinglanguagefeaturesintextsAandB?Writeyourresponsesinthespaceprovidedoverthepage.(Note:youwon’talwaysbeabletofindexamplesforbothtexts).
SPOKEN WRITTEN Dialoguefeaturessuchasquestions:
TextA_____________________________
TextB_____________________________ Longnounphrases(nominalgroups)
TextA_____________________________
TextB_____________________________ Personal(useofpronouns,mentionspeople)
TextA_____________________________
TextB_____________________________ Impersonal(indirectwayoftalkingaboutpeople,e.g.Modernsociety)
TextA_____________________________
TextB_____________________________ Informal:everydaylanguage
TextA_____________________________
TextB_____________________________ Formal:specialistlanguage
TextA_____________________________
TextB_____________________________ Informal:subjective(clearexpressionofopinionandattitude)
TextA_____________________________
TextB_____________________________ Formal:objective
TextA_____________________________
TextB_____________________________ Lotsofclausesandconjunctions(Note:onlywritedowntheconjunctions).
TextA_____________________________
TextB_____________________________ Nounscreatedfromverbforms:e.g.peoplebenefit(verb)andsocialbenefits(noun)
TextA_____________________________
TextB_____________________________ 2.Morespokenormorewritten?Readthefourtextsbelowcarefully,thenrankthemintermsofmostspoken(1),tomostwritten(4).Givebriefreasonsforyouranswers:forexamplesubjective–includesclearexpressionsofwriter’sopinion.
SPOKENWRITTEN 1234 (a)Whywriteessays?
Inthemodernworldourthinkingislargelytransmittedbyspeechandthroughradioandtelevision.Attheuniversity,however,youarerequiredtodomuchofyourthinkingthroughwriting.IntheHumanitiesandSocialSciencesyouareinevitablyrequiredtoproduceaconsiderablenumberofessays.
Ranking___________Brieflygiveyourreasons:______________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(b)Itmightbesaidthatin-vitrofertilisation,atanyage,isamatteroffreechoice,especiallyifthepatientpays.Ifawomanwantstheprocedure,ageshouldbeirrelevant.Butagecanneverbetotallyirrelevant.Thelineisunclear.Butinthecaseofoldermothers,questionsofthe“bestinterestofthechild”pressmoreinsistently.Andevenwhenthepatientpayssomethingtowardsthecostoftheseprocedures,thereissomecosttothepublic.Theissueofresourceallocationremains.
Ranking___________Brieflygiveyourreasons:______________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(c)Inmanyradiotherapycentreswhereplanningforexternalbeamtreatmentsisperformedbyradiationtherapists,thetreatmentsheetanditscalculationsareindependentlycheckedbystafffromadifferenteducationalbackground,typicallyaradiotherapyphysicist.Thebenefitsofthispracticewereevaluatedinaradiotherapydepartmentwithtwolinearaccelerators,onecombinedsuperficial-orthovoltageunitandonetelecaesiumunit.
Ranking___________Brieflygiveyourreasons:______________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
(d)Whatonearthdoesthishavetodowithyourtopic?
Ranking___________Brieflygiveyourreasons:_______________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Assignment6
Thefollowingexcerptisfromastudentassignment.Itcontainsanumberoflanguagefeatureswhichresultinthetextsoundingnotquiteasformalasitshouldforacademicwritingofahighstandard.Readthetextcarefully,thenwritetheinformallanguagefeaturesinthespaceprovidedbelow:
Whenacompanygoesbankrupt,thereareliabilitiessuchasaccountspayabletocreditors,employees’wages,andtheresultingincreaseinunemployment.Insurancecompaniesandthebankshavetotakeactiontofixtheirsideoftheprobleminregardstothecompany’slosses.Sowhoisultimatelyresponsiblefortheliabilities?Societycan’tbeblamedtotallyfortheliabilitiesasitiseveryonewhoisinvolved,especiallythecompanyitself.
Whatfeaturesofinformallanguageoccurinthisparagraph?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Therearealsoanumberoffeaturesofformallanguage.Canyouidentifythem?(withexamples)
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Whatfeaturesofformallanguageoccurinthisparagraph?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Assignment7
GooverthemodelabstractfromaCommercePhDthesisandanswerthefollowingquestions.
Whatistheresearchabout?
Whatquestionistheresearchansweringorwhatgapdoesthepresentresearchfill?
Whywastheresearchdone,i.e.thepurposeoraimsoftheresearch?
Howwastheresearchdone,i.e.themethodologythatwasused?
Whatdidtheresearchfind,i.e.theresults?
Whyaretheresultssignificantandwhataretheimplications?
Thesistopic:InterorganisationalRelationsandPublicRegulation:TheCaseofPartiallyMandatedOccupationalRehabilitationNetworks
Abstract
Researchontheimplicationsoflawfororganizationtheoryingeneralandinterorganizationalrelations(IOR)inparticularisconspicuousbyitsneglect.Thetendencyhasbeentotakethelegalcontextasaunidimensionalinstitutionalgiven,ignoringthefactthattherearemanychallengestolegislativeefficacy.Forthisreasonalone,theoreticalandpracticalcontributionsbyorganizationalscholarstoimportantmainstreamdebatesonregulation,deregulationandreregulationhavebeenlimited.
ThepurposeofthisstudyistooffersomeredresstothesituationbyfocusingonlegallymandatedIOR.Specifically,itposesandseekstoanswerthefollowingquestion:whataretheimplicationsoflegallymandatingIORthroughpublicpolicy,withparticularreferencetooccupationalrehabilitationinNewSouthWales?UsingCranston''s(1987)fourphaseprocessmodeloflegislativeefficacy,modifiedtoaccountmorefullyforthecompliancebehaviourofthetargetpopulation,aconceptofpartiallymandatedIORisdeveloped.ThisconceptattemptstoexplainthedifferencesandtheinteractionbetweenmandatedandvoluntaryIORcontingencies.
Followingacasestudyresearchdesignwhichallowsforcontextuallyembeddedanalysisemployingmultiplemethods,theabovemodelandconcept,togetherwithsixtheoreticalpropositions,areexaminedandsubsequentlyvalidatedintheirapplicationtolegallymandatedoccupationalrehabilitation.Thelargelyhistoricalanalysisofmandateemergencedrawsattentiontotheneedforinterorganizationallearningandadaptationtoacomplexuncertainandvariablesetofunenforced,self-regulatorycircumstances.Contentanalysisofmandateformshowsittobevague,open-endedandpartialinnatureandreliantupontheauthorityofnonmandatedorganizations(insurersandtreatingdoctors).Networkanalysisofandateimplementationisbasedon81interviewswith79informantsin56organizationswhich,exceptfortheregulatoryagency,areallsituatedintheIllawarraregionofNewSouthWales.Agency-targetIORtendedtobeconsultative,basedonbroadlyunbridledtargetorganizationdiscretion.Compliancebehaviourwasfoundtodependonvoluntaryincentivesandthevoluntarycooperationofthenonmandatedratherthanthroughagencyenforcement.Finally,theabsenceofobjectivemandateimpactmeasuresdidnotprecludetheformationofpositiveviewsandexperiencelargelyattributedtosuccessfulinterorganizationalactivities.
ThesefindingsdrawattentiontotheneedforIORtheorytoacknowledgethepartialnatureofmandates,andforthepublicregulationliteraturetoembraceIORinpolicyformulationaswellasimplementation.InadditiontoidentifyingthepotentialutilityofinterorganizationalcollaborationinthemanagementofIORatalocal,networkandpolicylevel,thestudyalsoproposesanumberoffutureresearchdirectionsbasedontheconceptofpartialmandates.
IndividualWork
Assignment1
Narrowoneofthesubjects:GlobalWarming;CALL;CooperativeLearning;AutonomousLearningtoasuitabletopicandthenwriteathesisstatementandanoutlineonthecourseplatform.Nextweekyouarerequiredtogiveapresentationofyourpaper’sthesisstatementandoutlineingroups.
Assignment2
Chooseatleast6references,includingbooksandmagazinearticles,throughpreliminaryreadingtotakeafullsetofparaphrase,summery,directquotationandpersonalcommentnotes(innolessthan1000words)onthetopicyouhavechosen.Besuretofollowthedirectionindicatedbyyourthesisstatementandyouroutlinewhendecidingwhatinformationbelongsinyournotes.Remembernottoputtoomuchinformationonindividualcards.Ifyouquotesomething,giveareasonforquoting-----accuracy,memorablewords,conciseness,andauthority.
Assignment3
Lookthroughyournoteswiththetopicofyourpaperinmind,
Considereachcardonitsownmeritsandhoweachonewillfitintoageneralscheme,andthen
Arrangethemintocoherentparagraphs,
GivefulldocumentationinAPAorMLAstyle,referringtotheliteraturereviewofthesamplepaper.
Assignment4
ConstructaWorksCitedpageforthesourcesofyourresearchpaper,puttingalloftheinformationinthecorrectorderaccordingtoMLA,orAPAandfootnoteformatrespectively.
Assignment5
1.RefertothesampleintroductionandwriteChapterOne“Introduction”onyourcourseplatform.Remembertoincludethebackground,thepurpose,thesignificanceandthescopeofthestudy.
2.Basedonyournotes,writealiteraturereviewofyourpaperinyourcourseplatform.GivefulldocumentationinAPA,MLAorNumberSystem.
Assignment6
Refertothesamplemethodology,results,discussionandconclusionchaptersandwritethechaptersonyourcourseplatform.
Oralpresentation
Prepareanoralpresentationofyourresearchtopic,thesisstatementandoutline.
Finalpaperwriting
Completeandmakearevisionofyourresearchpaperanduploaditinthecourseplatform.GivefulldocumentationandworkscitedinAPA,MLAorNumberSystem.
论文批改参考标准
Titlepage和全文格式(8%)：title,name,instructor’sname,coursename,dateonwhichthepaperissubmitted.IftheyaretofollowMLAstyle,donotuseatitlepage.Typetitle,name,instructor’sname,coursename,dateintheupperleft-handcorner,
Abstract(8%):下面6个问题涉及到4个给7分，涉及3个给6分，涉及2个给5分，涉及1个给4分；thepurpose,themethods,thescope,theresults,theconclusionsandtherecommendations；
Outline(10%)：要求Sentenceoutline,topicoutline,numberoutline要统一，注意小标题和大标题之间的关系；
Introduction(8%)：下面6个问题（研究背景，研究目的，研究假设，研究范围，研究问题，研究意义）全部涉及给8分，涉及到4个给6分，涉及3个给5分，涉及2个给4分，涉及1个给3分；
Literaturereview(10%)：下面3个问题（理论研究，国内外现状研究，目前研究的不足）全部涉及10分，涉及到2个给7分，涉及1个给4分；
Methodology(8%)：下面3个问题（研究问题、研究设计、研究工具）全部涉及8分，涉及到2个给6分，涉及1个给4分；
Results(8%)：回答研究问题，全部回答8分，部分回答酌情给分；
Conclusions(5%)：
Workscited(20%)分二部分，第一部分10%：参考文献不能少于8个，中英文均有，只有6-7个扣1分，只有4-5个扣2分，只有中文或只有英文扣2分；第二部分10%，格式根据具体情况给分。
语言（15%）：1.语言通顺，连贯性较好，表达思想清楚，仅有个别语言错误，给15分；2.语言较得体，表达思想比较清楚，文字较连贯，有少量语言错误，但不影响理解，给12分；3.语言不太得体，表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯，语言错误相当多，只能理解大意，给9分；4.语言不得体，表达思想不清楚，连贯性较差，语言错误相当多，其中一些是严重错误，只能理解部分意思，给7分。 |
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