概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子.(Attributiveclause)Maryisa
beautifulgirl.Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰
girl,叫做定语从句Maryisagirl.Maryhaslonghair.合并为一个句子Maryis
agirlwhohaslonghair.先行词关系词定语从句Maryisagirlwhohaslon
ghair.关系代词关系副词which,thatwho,whom,whoseWhere,when定语从句
的用法:当先行词是物时,用which或that引导.Thesearethetreeswhichwereplan
tedlastyear.当先行词是人时,用who,whom,whose,that引导.who,whom,
whose,that用法区别.who作定语从句的主语或宾语.Themanwhoisspeakingatt
hemeetingisaworker.Themanisaworker.Themanisspeaking
atthemeeting.分解作主语Whom作定语从句的宾语Thewomanwhomtheywanted
tovisitisateacher.Thewomanisateacher.Theywantedtovi
sitthewoman.分解作宾语whose作定语从句的定语.Iknowthegirlwhosemo
therisateacher.分解Iknowthegirl.Thegirl’smotherisatea
cher.作定语whose作定语,表示所属关系。Theboyismyclassmate.Th
eboy’sfatherisapoliceman.Theboywhosefatherisapolicema
nismyclassmate.Ilikethehouse_____windowfacessouth.D
oyouseethebook______coverisred?that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.注意:
关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.Thewoman(whom/that)theywantedto
visitisateacher.1.Themanisaworker.2.Themanisspeaking
atthemeeting.合并句子:Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingis
aworker.Exercise1:用关系代词填空Theboy____________isplayingpi
ng-pongismyclassmate.Thee-mail___________Ireceivedyester
daywasfrommysister.Ihatepeople______________talkmuchbu
tdolittle.Thecar_____________myfatherboughtlastmonthis
verybeautiful.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/that5
.Theman______hairiswhiteishisgrandfather.6.Istherea
student_________fatherisabusinessman?7.Thisisthehouse
in________wehavelivedfor10years.8.I’veneverheardofthe
peopleandthings________youtalkedaboutjustnow.whosewhos
ewhichthat当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.3.只能用that的情况①序数词或形容词最高级
修饰先行词时TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown.Thi
sisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.③everyth
ing,something,nothing,all,anything,little,much等不定代词作先行词时
Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.②先行词被every,some,
no,all,any,little,much等修饰时。I’vereadallthebooksthatyou
lendme.④先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。Thisi
stheverybookthatbelongstohim.⑤主句已有who或which时Whoisthe
girlthatisstandingunderthetree?Whichisthemachinethatw
eusedlastSunday.⑥当先行词同时指人和物时I’veneverheardofthepeople
andthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.1.Ihaveafriend___
_____likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.who/thatwhich/thatwho
se3.Theman______legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootbal
lplayer.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress______
____Igaveher.4.Myparentsliveinahouse__________ism
orethan100yearsold.5.Theboywith_______Johnspokeis
mybrother.which/thatwhom6.Kevinisreadingabook________
__istoodifficultforhim.which/that7.Isthereanything
________youwanttobuyinthetown.8.All______wecando
istostudyhard.9.Thefirstone_____standsupisalit
tleboy.thatthatthat1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.Thisisthedoctorwhos
avedtheboy’slife.2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.Themanwhoisrunningism
yuncle.3.我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.IlikethemusicthatIcansingalong
with.4.住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisatea
cher.关系副词：when/where/whywhen作时间状语:Shewillneverforgetth
eday.Shewasmarriedonthatday.Shewillneverforgettheday
when(=onwhich)shewasmarried.Itwastheyear.TheWorldWar
Ibrokeoutintheyear.Itwastheyearwhen(=inwhich)th
eWorldWarIbrokeout.When=介词+whichwhere作地点状语Iwant
toknowtheplace.Iwasbornthere.Iwanttoknowtheplacewh
ere(=inwhich)Iwasborn.Thetablewhere(=atwhich)sheis
sittingisanewone.where=介词+whichwhy作原因状语,其先行词常常是
thereason.Thatisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)I’mlate.Iknow
thereasonwhyhesaidit.why=forwhichExercise1.October
1,1949istheday_____thePRCwasfounded.whichB.when
C.thatD.onthat2.Isthatthereason_____youareforthe
plan.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat3.Octob
er1,1949istheday_____thePRCwasfounded.A.whichB.wh
enC.thatD.onthat4.Isthistheplace______youwere
born?A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that3.Thehouse______
_thefamouswriterwrotehisworksisamuseumnow.A.which
B.whereC.whatD.that4.Thehouse_______thefamouswriterboughtmanyyearsagoisamuseumnow.A.thatB.whereC.whatD.why5.Hetoldherthereason____whyheisunhappy,butshedoesn’tbelievethereason______hegivesher.A.why;whyB.why;whichC.that;whyD.which;why |
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