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英国兴衰的启示_制度创新的行与废_张玲玲
2014-03-23 | 阅:  转:  |  分享 
  
英国兴衰的启示:制度创新的行与废

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作者简介:张玲玲,南京大学历史系硕士生b

南京,210093;姜守明,历史学博士,南京师范大学

历史系教授b南京,210097

13?I:?
ü2

193

DZ2006.1

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