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雅思基础阅读精讲最新总结版
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雅思基础阅读1-5讲



基础阅读第一讲





1.雅思基本介绍



雅思考试又称IELTS,代表INTERNATIONALENGLISHLANGUAGETESTINGSYSTEM,是一项国际性英语能力测试,其中涵盖对听,说,读,写四项语言能力的考查。

雅思考试针对移民和留学对语言的不同要求而分为ACADEMIC(A)与GENERAL(G)两个类别,区别主要体现在读写两个项目上



2.雅思考试结构:



考试分为四个部分:听力(40分钟)、阅读(60分钟)、写作(60分钟)、口语(11-15分钟),每部分都有各自的独特特点。

3.阅读部分介绍



阅读考试是雅思考试的第二项,时长60分钟,考查40个题目。

A类阅读设置3篇阅读材料,每篇800-1200字,7-9段,取自杂志,学术期刊,报纸,或书籍.题材广泛,涵盖人文、社科、技术等领域,但并不要求考生对文章内容有专业性的了解.学术类考试的三篇文章中,至少有一篇包含有详细的逻辑论证,可能有一篇文章附带有图解、统计表、曲线图等各式图表。考试内容和测试角度对中国考生的单词量和阅读能力提出较高要求,一般要求考生至少掌握6000以上词汇。



G阅读考试时间为60分钟,共40道题,分为三部分,难度递增。第一部分考日常事务(socialsurvival),主要包含与生活密切相关的实用文本,要求考生能够定位和辨别一般事实性信息。一般为两篇文章,每篇文章各有一种题型。第二部分考培训内容(trainingsurvival),一般与某种语言类或实用类短期或长期培训有关,与第一部分相比,语言稍复杂一些,表达法更多样。一般考两篇文章,各一种题型。第三部分为一般的说明文(generalreading),题材广泛,篇幅较长,议论文一般不在考试之列。考一篇文章,题型在三四种左右。



评分标准

题数 1 2-3 4-9 10-15 16-22 23-28 29-35 36-39 40 分数 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

4.雅思阅读常见题型

第一梯队:

True/False/NotGiven

Matching

Summary

Listofheadings

Multiplechoicequestions

第二梯队:

Short-answerquestion

Sentencecompletion

Tablecompletion

Flowchart

Labelingadiagram



5.雅思阅读考察重点

Recognizethetopicandthemainideaofthetext(thetitles,headings,thecaptiondiagram,thetables)

P9P12P1516

Recognizethekeywords

P6~P9

Trytoexplainthewordbyitssynonyms

Principle/principal,simulate/stimulatestationary/stationery,attitude/aptitude/altitude



Summarizetheparagraphsideaandunderstandtherelationbetweentheparagraphtopicandsupportingarguments

P15

Byusingthelinkwordsandgrammarknowledgetoidentifythestructureofsentences

整个过程其实就是区分主题和剥离修饰成分的过程。



1.Additionin

addition,and,similarly,likewise,aswellas,besides,furthermore,also,moreover,andthen,too,notonly...but,even,besidesthis/that

2.Sequence

first(ly),initially,second(ly)etc.,tobeginwith,then,next,earlier/later,afterthis/that,followingthis/that,afterwards

3.Consequence

asaresult,thus,so,therefore,constantly,itfollowsthat,thereby,eventually,then,inthatcase,admittedly

4.Contrast

however,ontheotherhand,despite,inspiteof,though,although,but,onthecontrary,otherwise,yet,insteadof,rather,whereas,nonetheless,eventhough,comparedwith,incontrast,alternatively

5.Condition

if,unless,whether,given/providedthat,for,sothat,whether,dependingon

6.Definition

is,refersto,means,thatis,consistsof

7.Summary

inconclusion,insummary,lastly,finally,tosumup,toconclude,torecapitulate,inshort

8.Example

forinstance,oneexample,forexample,justas,inparticular,suchas,toillustrate

9.Reason

since,as,so,because(of),dueto,owingto,thereasonwhy,inotherwords,leadto,

10.Time

before,since,as,until,meanwhile,atthemoment,when,whenever,assoonas,justas





Skimmingandscanningforspecificinformationanddetails

P15P16

Whatadversities?

Whichcountrieswereinvolvedintherestorationwork?



Identifyingopinions/attitudesandmakinginferences



6.

语言技能掌握主旨明确观点

查找细节从句分析

阅读速度

语言知识单词、语法

速度

战术取

做题速度

战略舍



7.备考建议

快速阅读、难句突破、词汇强记、模拟练习、总结技巧



8.实用导航

www.discovery.com

www.newscientists.com

www.nationalgeographics.com

www.rd.com比较适合G类考生

《雅思阅读真经》

剑桥真题系列23456

《雅思阅读真题题源》





Contactmethrough:leoshirly.blog.sohu.com

yh912leo@sina.com



Vocabulary:

ObstructionObstacleTerrain

OrganProclaimAcousticAdversity

DisharmonyAbsenteeismOutcome

CompelQuotaRecruitLinger

EpochLoquaciousDetrimentalAutocratic

P25

CommitmentBarrierElementary/secondary/tertiarySocialization

P96

ExtinctionHabitatDegradeFragmentMinusculeViablebeSusceptibletoWitherStaple

BepronetoParticipationDisconnectReserve

P58

SustainableFiberPulpContaminantDiscard

P104

EmissionExhaustDieselUrbanCommuteCarpoolFrequency

P129

MalnutritionPrevalentIngestionImpairWeanFermentDiarrheaGerm

SproutIntakeAcidity/acidDoughAnti-Microbial



阅读题型之SUMMARY摘要填空



题型分析

解题方法类似Cloze

分为全文摘要和部分摘要

Completethefollowingsummaryofthepassage/thefirst3paragraphs

提供wordbank或者从原文选取答案:原文原词、词库选词、自己写词



解题思路:

语法词法+结构提示+语义+过



PRACTICE:P25,P97,P58

ASSIGNMENT:P104,P129

基础阅读第二讲



Vocabulary:

P29

Abate/abatement:Lessen,decrease,curtail

Treatment:handling,management,nursing

Preventive:precautionary

Approach:method,technique,attitude

Minimize:reduce,decrease

P33

Spectator:audience,viewer,watcher

Participant:thepeoplegetinvolved

Amateur:non-professional,layman

Nordic:Northman,Scandinavian

Neutral/neutrality:fair,impartial,non-aligned,

Specialty:specializein,strongsuit

P35

MorsecodeDecodeEncodeDecipherTelegraph

PortraitFileapatentFeasible/Practical

P39

Bully/VictimCommitcrimePhysical

Implement:carryoutGesture/postureVerbalabuse

PhenomenonSurveyUnderestimateAssumption

Stereotype:conventional,standardized,old-fashioned

Manifest:indicate,show,suggest

Uphold:supportPrincipal

Counterproductive:negative,worsethanuseless

Vulnerable:unprotected,weak

CriteriaEvaluation:assessment

Comprehensiveschool

P42

Labor-intensiveTextileSector:industry

Gain:rewards,benefits,achievement

TabooContextCompel:force

DomesticLivelihoodEntrepreneur

PatriarchalReplicateInvariable

P47

ExceptionProportionBreadwinnerUnder-utilize

ParceloutCompetencyConfineWeaveinto

FabricUnderrepresentedSuccumbto

IntegrateSlackenPerceptionShortage



T/F/NGORY/N/NG



对于T/F/NG的定义

TRUE:题干表述与原文相符或同向

FALSE:题干表述与原文相驳斥

NOTGIVEN:题干表述在原文找不到充足论据支持



明确题干题眼,抓住定位单词

切忌主观臆断,也勿过度推断

注意现象积累,融会贯通



EXERCISES:P30Q1-5P35Q1-6P89Q8-14P39Q1-10P32Q5-11

ASSIGNMENTS:P42Q1-10P47Q1-11P77Q7-13P81Q19-24





基础阅读第三讲



Vocabulary:



P89

CyclistAstonishRouteDonation

P70

Dopeconsumecellularlungtarfilterinfectionsilverlining

Sluggishimmunespeculate

P84

MineOreSedimentMarineAccessroadFumesilt

P105

OverMetroCommuteEmissionOutperformExhaust

P93

NotifyImmigrationauthoritiesAttendanceOrientationRefundableTuitionfeesBankdraftWithdrawCommence



阅读题型之简答short-answerquestion



题型介绍:

每题以特殊疑问句的形式出现,注意特殊疑问词所连接的关键词=一分二/二合一

分析问题题干,定位词的划取以主谓或谓宾为主

例如:when?/where?/who?

Whatis/are…?Whatdo/does…?Whatwillhappen?(答案为短句)

Whatistheproportion?

How?答案基本都是介词短语

Why打头基本没有

题目会有字数要求,无要求的字数也不会超过4~5字

答案绝大部分是单词或短语,为细节题,极个别需要自己归纳答案

题目与原文顺序基本一致



解题技巧:

找到题目路标词,注意题目中的年代、数字、人地名

回原文定位,与小标题和段首句对照,定位段落,注意同义近义词

快速阅读段落,确定答案

答案要与特殊疑问词连接部分相吻合



注意事项:

大小写、连续原词、数字计算、单位符号、字数要求(去冠、副、形、分词,或者前后变形)

EXERCISES:P89Q3-7/P70Q1-5/P84Q26-31/P105Q21-25

ASSIGNMENT:P93Q21-27/P116Q24-27/P10935-39



基础阅读第四讲

ListofHeadings



题型介绍:

小标题为段落主题的中心思想,也是段落主题的改写

多数位于文章之前,标题彻底乱序

干扰选项众多,youmayuseanyheadingmorethanonce纯属误导

耗费时间、开头易错



PRINCIPLES:

Choicesshouldbeusedonlyonce.

Theheadingchoiceshouldbethesummaryofthewholeparagraph.

Payparticularattentiontothe1st,2ndandlastsentencesofaparagraph.

Donotignorethestructurewords(indicate/however/suggest/research)



EXERCISES:P28,P98,P112,P124

ASSIGNMENT:P61,P64,P67

基础阅读第四讲



Vocabulary:



P119Q36-38

Extinct:dieoutHerbivoreherbivorous

CarnivorecarnivorousGeneticLogMarsupial

P101Q12-15

Trade-offReconcileCompromiseNegotiationMeditation

StraightforwardReciprocityPrecedentSeniority

ArbitrateAdjudicatePresent

P71Q19-25

OrientationOverleafCommunalUtensilBoarding/dayschool

LinenTenancyLodge:depositNoticeReceiptInvoiceResidential



Sentencecompletion

题型介绍:

题目为陈述句,一般保留一个空格,大多出现在句尾

字数限制

解题技巧基本等同summary和shortanswerquestion

题目顺序基本等同文章顺序

归纳题,难度较大

题干并非原文原句,而是原文部分句群的含义总结,需要考生仔细分析相关句群,而非某句表达。

练习:P119Q36-38P101Q12-15P71Q19-25



Vocabulary:

P86

FosterRefugeeOrphanOutsetAppallingSpokesperson

MissionaryOrphanageRelieforganizationPoolresources

P113

RibbonMoltenBelt/Sagthrough/MouldBulb

P58

SortoutPulpDe-inkCausticChlorideAgentBleachRefine



Table/chartcompletion



PRINCIPLES:

Followtheinstructions.

Predicttheanswerbyusingthewordsbeforeandafterthegap.

Locatethekeywordsinthepassage.

Dothegrammaticalcheckwhennecessary.



Flowchart:

After,then,before,firstly,next,once,and,finally



PRACTICE:P8631-35,P113Q6-8,P58Q37-41.







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