LM231,LM331
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LM231A/LM231/LM331A/LM331PrecisionVoltage-to-FrequencyConverters
CheckforSamples:LM231,LM331
1FEATURESDESCRIPTION
TheLM231/LM331familyofvoltage-to-frequency
23?EnsuredLinearity0.01%maxconvertersareideallysuitedforuseinsimplelow-
?ImprovedPerformanceinExistingVoltage-to-costcircuitsforanalog-to-digitalconversion,precision
FrequencyConversionApplicationsfrequency-to-voltageconversion,long-term
?SplitorSingleSupplyOperationintegration,linearfrequencymodulationor
demodulation,andmanyotherfunctions.Theoutput?OperatesonSingle5VSupply
whenusedasavoltage-to-frequencyconverterisa?PulseOutputCompatiblewithAllLogicForms
pulsetrainatafrequencypreciselyproportionaltothe
?ExcellentTemperatureStability:±50ppm/°Cappliedinputvoltage.Thus,itprovidesallthe
maxinherentadvantagesofthevoltage-to-frequency
conversiontechniques,andiseasytoapplyinall?LowPowerConsumption:15mWTypicalat5V
standardvoltage-to-frequencyconverterapplications.?WideDynamicRange,100dBminat10kHz
Further,theLM231A/LM331AattainanewhighlevelFullScaleFrequency
ofaccuracyversustemperaturewhichcouldonlybe
?WideRangeofFullScaleFrequency:1Hztoattainedwithexpensivevoltage-to-frequency
modules.AdditionallytheLM231/331areideally100kHz
suitedforuseindigitalsystemsatlowpowersupply?LowCost
voltagesandcanprovidelow-costanalog-to-digital
conversioninmicroprocessor-controlledsystems.
And,thefrequencyfromabatterypoweredvoltage-
to-frequencyconvertercanbeeasilychanneled
throughasimplephotoisolatortoprovideisolation
againsthighcommonmodelevels.
TheLM231/LM331utilizeanewtemperature-
compensatedband-gapreferencecircuit,toprovide
excellentaccuracyoverthefulloperatingtemperature
range,atpowersuppliesaslowas4.0V.The
precisiontimercircuithaslowbiascurrentswithout
degradingthequickresponsenecessaryfor100kHz
voltage-to-frequencyconversion.Andtheoutputare
capableofdriving3TTLloads,orahighvoltage
outputupto40V,yetisshort-circuit-proofagainst
VCC.
CONNECTIONDIAGRAM
Figure1.PlasticDual-In-LinePackage(PDIP)
SeePackageNumberP(R-PDIP-T8)
1
Pleasebeawarethatanimportantnoticeconcerningavailability,standardwarranty,anduseincriticalapplicationsof
TexasInstrumentssemiconductorproductsanddisclaimerstheretoappearsattheendofthisdatasheet.
2TeflonisaregisteredtrademarkofE.
3Allothertrademarksarethepropertyoftheirrespectiveowners.
PRODUCTIONDATAinformationiscurrentasofpublicationdate.Copyright?1999–2013,TexasInstrumentsIncorporated
ProductsconformtospecificationsperthetermsoftheTexas
Instrumentsstandardwarranty.Productionprocessingdoesnot
necessarilyincludetestingofallparameters.
LM231,LM331
SNOSBI2B–JUNE1999–REVISEDMARCH2013www.ti.com
Thesedeviceshavelimitedbuilt-inESDprotection.Theleadsshouldbeshortedtogetherorthedeviceplacedinconductivefoam
duringstorageorhandlingtopreventelectrostaticdamagetotheMOSgates.
AbsoluteMaximumRatings(1)(2)(3)
SupplyVoltage,VS40V
OutputShortCircuittoGroundContinuous
OutputShortCircuittoVCCContinuous
InputVoltage?0.2Vto+VS
PackageDissipationat25°C1.25W(4)
LeadTemperature(Soldering,10sec.)
PDIP260°C
ESDSusceptibility(5)500V
(1)AbsoluteMaximumRatingsindicatelimitsbeyondwhichdamagetothedevicemayoccur.DCandACelectricalspecificationsdonot
applywhenoperatingthedevicebeyonditsspecifiedoperatingconditions.
(2)AllvoltagesaremeasuredwithrespecttoGND=0V,unlessotherwisenoted.
(3)IfMilitary/Aerospacespecifieddevicesarerequired,pleasecontacttheTISalesOffice/Distributorsforavailabilityandspecifications.
(4)Theabsolutemaximumjunctiontemperature(TJmax)forthisdeviceis150°C.Themaximumallowablepowerdissipationisdictatedby
TJmax,thejunction-to-ambientthermalresistance(θJA),andtheambienttemperatureTA,andcanbecalculatedusingtheformula
PDmax=(TJmax-TA)/θJA.Thevaluesformaximumpowerdissipationwillbereachedonlywhenthedeviceisoperatedinasevere
faultcondition(e.g.,wheninputoroutputpinsaredrivenbeyondthepowersupplyvoltages,orthepowersupplypolarityisreversed).
Obviously,suchconditionsshouldalwaysbeavoided.
(5)Humanbodymodel,100pFdischargedthrougha1.5kΩresistor.
OperatingRatings(1)
OperatingAmbientTemperature
LM231,LM231A?25°Cto+85°C
LM331,LM331A0°Cto+70°C
SupplyVoltage,VS+4Vto+40V
(1)AllvoltagesaremeasuredwithrespecttoGND=0V,unlessotherwisenoted.
PackageThermalResistance
PackageθJ-A
8-LeadPDIP100°C/W
ElectricalCharacteristics
AllspecificationsapplyinthecircuitofFigure16,with4.0V≤VS≤40V,TA=25°C,unlessotherwisespecified.
ParameterConditionsMinTypMaxUnits
4.5V≤VS≤20V±0.003±0.01%Full-ScaleVFCNon-Linearity(1)
TMIN≤TA≤TMAX±0.006±0.02%Full-Scale
VFCNon-LinearityinCircuitofFigure15VS=15V,f=10Hzto11kHz±0.024±0.14%Full-Scale
ConversionAccuracyScaleFactor(Gain)
LM231,LM231AVIN=?10V,RS=14kΩ0.951.001.05kHz/V
LM331,LM331A0.901.001.10kHz/V
TemperatureStabilityofGain
LM231/LM331TMIN≤TA≤TMAX,4.5V≤VS≤20V±30±150ppm/°C
LM231A/LM331A±20±50ppm/°C
4.5V≤VS≤10V0.010.1%/VChangeofGainwithV
S10V≤V
S≤40V0.0060.06%/V
RatedFull-ScaleFrequencyVIN=?10V10.0kHz
GainStabilityvs.Time(1000Hours)TMIN≤TA≤TMAX±0.02%Full-Scale
(1)NonlinearityisdefinedasthedeviationoffOUTfromVIN×(10kHz/?10VDC)whenthecircuithasbeentrimmedforzeroerrorat10Hz
andat10kHz,overthefrequencyrange1Hzto11kHz.Forthetimingcapacitor,CT,useNPOceramic,Teflon?,orpolystyrene.
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ElectricalCharacteristics(continued)
AllspecificationsapplyinthecircuitofFigure16,with4.0V≤VS≤40V,TA=25°C,unlessotherwisespecified.
ParameterConditionsMinTypMaxUnits
OverRange(BeyondFull-Scale)FrequencyVIN=?11V10%
INPUTCOMPARATOR
OffsetVoltage±3±10mV
LM231/LM331TMIN≤TA≤TMAX±4±14mV
LM231A/LM331ATMIN≤TA≤TMAX±3±10mV
BiasCurrent?80?300nA
OffsetCurrent±8±100nA
VCC?2.Common-ModeRangeT
MIN≤TA≤TMAX?0.2V0
TIMER
TimerThresholdVoltage,Pin50.630.6670.70×VS
InputBiasCurrent,Pin5VS=15V
AllDevices0V≤VPIN5≤9.9V±10±100nA
LM231/LM331VPIN5=10V2001000nA
LM231A/LM331AVPIN5=10V200500nA
VSATPIN5(Reset)I=5mA0.220.5V
CURRENTSOURCE(Pin1)
OutputCurrent
LM231,LM231ARS=14kΩ,VPIN1=0126135144μA
LM331,LM331A116136156μA
ChangewithVoltage0V≤VPIN1≤10V0.21.0μA
CurrentSourceOFFLeakage
LM231,LM231A,LM331,LM331A0.0210.0nA
AllDevicesTA=TMAX2.050.0nA
OperatingRangeofCurrent(Typical)(10to500)μA
REFERENCEVOLTAGE(Pin2)
LM231,LM231A1.761.892.02VDC
LM331,LM331A1.701.892.08VDC
Stabilityvs.Temperature±60ppm/°C
Stabilityvs.Time,1000Hours±0.1%
LOGICOUTPUT(Pin3)
I=5mA0.150.50V
VSATI=3.2mA(2TTLLoads),TMIN≤TA≤0.100.40V
TMAX
OFFLeakage±0.051.0μA
SUPPLYCURRENT
VS=5V2.03.04.0mALM231,LM231A
VS=40V2.54.06.0mA
VS=5V1.53.06.0mALM331,LM331A
VS=40V2.04.08.0mA
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FUNCTIONALBLOCKDIAGRAM
Pinnumbersapplyto8-pinpackagesonly.
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TYPICALPERFORMANCECHARACTERISTICS
(AllelectricalcharacteristicsapplyforthecircuitofFigure16,unlessotherwisenoted.)
NonlinearityError
asPrecisionV-to-F
Converter(Figure16)NonlinearityError
Figure2.Figure3.
NonlinearityError
vs.Frequency
Powervs.
SupplyVoltageTemperature
Figure4.Figure5.
VREFOutputFrequency
vs.vs.
TemperatureVSUPPLY
Figure6.Figure7.
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TYPICALPERFORMANCECHARACTERISTICS(continued)
(AllelectricalcharacteristicsapplyforthecircuitofFigure16,unlessotherwisenoted.)
100kHzNonlinearityErrorNonlinearityError
(Figure17)(Figure15)
Figure8.Figure9.
PowerDrain
InputCurrent(Pins6,7)vs.vs.
TemperatureVSUPPLY
Figure10.Figure11.
OutputSaturationVoltagevs.NonlinearityError,Precision
IOUT(Pin3)F-to-VConverter(Figure19)
Figure12.Figure13.
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APPLICATIONSINFORMATION
PRINCIPLESOFOPERATION
TheLM231/331aremonolithiccircuitsdesignedforaccuracyandversatileoperationwhenappliedasvoltage-to-
frequency(V-to-F)convertersorasfrequency-to-voltage(F-to-V)converters.Asimplifiedblockdiagramofthe
LM231/331isshowninFigure14andconsistsofaswitchedcurrentsource,inputcomparator,and1-shottimer.
Figure14.SimplifiedBlockDiagramofStand-Alone
Voltage-to-FrequencyConverterand
ExternalComponents
SimplifiedVoltage-to-FrequencyConverter
TheoperationoftheseblocksisbestunderstoodbygoingthroughtheoperatingcycleofthebasicV-to-F
converter,Figure14,whichconsistsofthesimplifiedblockdiagramoftheLM231/331andthevariousresistors
andcapacitorsconnectedtoit.
Thevoltagecomparatorcomparesapositiveinputvoltage,V1,atpin7tothevoltage,Vx,atpin6.IfV1is
greater,thecomparatorwilltriggerthe1-shottimer.TheoutputofthetimerwillturnONboththefrequency
outputtransistorandtheswitchedcurrentsourceforaperiodt=1.1RtCt.Duringthisperiod,thecurrentiwillflow
outoftheswitchedcurrentsourceandprovideafixedamountofcharge,Q=i×t,intothecapacitor,CL.Thiswill
normallychargeVxuptoahigherlevelthanV1.Attheendofthetimingperiod,thecurrentiwillturnOFF,and
thetimerwillresetitself.
Nowthereisnocurrentflowingfrompin1,andthecapacitorCLwillbegraduallydischargedbyRLuntilVxfalls
tothelevelofV1.Thenthecomparatorwilltriggerthetimerandstartanothercycle.
ThecurrentflowingintoCLisexactlyIAVE=i×(1.1×RtCt)×f,andthecurrentflowingoutofCLisexactlyVx/RL?
VIN/RL.IfVINisdoubled,thefrequencywilldoubletomaintainthisbalance.EvenasimpleV-to-Fconvertercan
provideafrequencypreciselyproportionaltoitsinputvoltageoverawiderangeoffrequencies.
DetailofOperation,FunctionalBlockDiagram
Theblockdiagram(FUNCTIONALBLOCKDIAGRAM)showsabandgapreferencewhichprovidesastable1.9
VDCoutput.This1.9VDCiswellregulatedoveraVSrangeof3.9Vto40V.Italsohasaflat,lowtemperature
coefficient,andtypicallychangeslessthan?%overa100°Ctemperaturechange.
Thecurrentpumpcircuitforcesthevoltageatpin2tobeat1.9V,andcausesacurrenti=1.90V/RStoflow.For
Rs=14k,i=135μA.Theprecisioncurrentreflectorprovidesacurrentequaltoitothecurrentswitch.Thecurrent
switchswitchesthecurrenttopin1ortoground,dependinguponthestateoftheRSflip-flop.
ThetimingfunctionconsistsofanRSflip-flopandatimercomparatorconnectedtotheexternalRtCtnetwork.
Whentheinputcomparatordetectsavoltageatpin7higherthanpin6,itsetstheRSflip-flopwhichturnsONthe
currentswitchandtheoutputdrivertransistor.Whenthevoltageatpin5risesto?VCC,thetimercomparator
causestheRSflip-floptoreset.TheresettransistoristhenturnedONandthecurrentswitchisturnedOFF.
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However,iftheinputcomparatorstilldetectspin7higherthanpin6whenpin5crosses?VCC,theflip-flopwill
notbereset,andthecurrentatpin1willcontinuetoflow,tryingtomakethevoltageatpin6higherthanpin7.
Thisconditionwillusuallyapplyunderstart-upconditionsorinthecaseofanoverloadvoltageatsignalinput.
Duringthissortofoverloadtheoutputfrequencywillbe0.Assoonasthesignalisrestoredtotheworkingrange,
theoutputfrequencywillberesumed.
Theoutputdrivertransistoractstosaturatepin3withanONresistanceofabout50Ω.Incaseofovervoltage,
theoutputcurrentisactivelylimitedtolessthan50mA.
Thevoltageatpin2isregulatedat1.90VDCforallvaluesofibetween10μAto500μA.Itcanbeusedasa
voltagereferenceforothercomponents,butcaremustbetakentoensurethatcurrentisnottakenfromitwhich
couldreducetheaccuracyoftheconverter.
BasicVoltage-to-FrequencyConverter(Figure15)
Thesimplestand-aloneV-to-FconvertershowninFigure15includesallthebasiccircuitryofFigure14plusa
fewcomponentsforimprovedperformance.
Aresistor,RIN=100kΩ±10%,hasbeenaddedinthepathtopin7,sothatthebiascurrentatpin7(?80nA
typical)willcanceltheeffectofthebiascurrentatpin6andhelpprovideminimumfrequencyoffset.
TheresistanceRSatpin2ismadeupofa12kΩfixedresistorplusa5kΩ(cermet,preferably)gainadjust
rheostat.ThefunctionofthisadjustmentistotrimoutthegaintoleranceoftheLM231/331,andthetoleranceof
Rt,RLandCt.
Forbestresults,allthecomponentsshouldbestablelow-temperature-coefficientcomponents,suchasmetal-film
resistors.Thecapacitorshouldhavelowdielectricabsorption;dependingonthetemperaturecharacteristics
desired,NPOceramic,polystyrene,Teflonorpolypropylenearebestsuited.
AcapacitorCINisaddedfrompin7togroundtoactasafilterforVIN.Avalueof0.01μFto0.1μFwillbe
adequateinmostcases;however,incaseswherebetterfilteringisrequired,a1μFcapacitorcanbeused.
WhentheRCtimeconstantsarematchedatpin6andpin7,avoltagestepatVINwillcauseastepchangein
fOUT.IfCINismuchlessthanCL,astepatVINmaycausefOUTtostopmomentarily.
A47Ωresistor,inserieswiththe1μFCL,provideshysteresis,whichhelpstheinputcomparatorprovidethe
excellentlinearity.
Usestablecomponentswithlowtemperaturecoefficients.SeeAPPLICATIONSINFORMATION.
0.1μFor1μF,SeePRINCIPLESOFOPERATION.
Figure15.SimpleStand-AloneV-to-FConverter
with±0.03%TypicalLinearity(f=10Hzto11kHz)
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DetailsofOperation:PrecisionV-To-FConverter(Figure16)
Inthiscircuit,integrationisperformedbyusingaconventionaloperationalamplifierandfeedbackcapacitor,CF.
Whentheintegrator''soutputcrossesthenominalthresholdlevelatpin6oftheLM231/331,thetimingcycleis
initiated.
Theaveragecurrentfedintotheop-amp''ssummingpoint(pin2)isi×(1.1RtCt)×fwhichisperfectlybalanced
with?VIN/RIN.Inthiscircuit,thevoltageoffsetoftheLM231/331inputcomparatordoesnotaffecttheoffsetor
accuracyoftheV-to-Fconverterasitdoesinthestand-aloneV-to-Fconverter;nordoestheLM231/331bias
currentoroffsetcurrent.Instead,theoffsetvoltageandoffsetcurrentoftheoperationalamplifieraretheonly
limitsonhowsmallthesignalcanbeaccuratelyconverted.Sinceop-ampswithvoltageoffsetwellbelow1mV
andoffsetcurrentswellbelow2nAareavailableatlowcost,thiscircuitisrecommendedforbestaccuracyfor
smallsignals.Thiscircuitalsorespondsimmediatelytoanychangeofinputsignal(whichastand-alonecircuit
doesnot)sothattheoutputfrequencywillbeanaccuraterepresentationofVIN,asquicklyas2outputpulses''
spacingcanbemeasured.
Intheprecisionmode,excellentlinearityisobtainedbecausethecurrentsource(pin1)isalwaysatground
potentialandthatvoltagedoesnotvarywithVINorfOUT.(Inthestand-aloneV-to-Fconverter,amajorcauseof
non-linearityistheoutputimpedanceatpin1whichcausesitochangeasafunctionofVIN).
ThecircuitofFigure17operatesinthesamewayasFigure16,butwiththenecessarychangesforhighspeed
operation.
Usestablecomponentswithlowtemperaturecoefficients.SeeAPPLICATIONSINFORMATION.
Thisresistorcanbe5kΩor10kΩforVS=8Vto22V,butmustbe10kΩforVS=4.5Vto8V.
Uselowoffsetvoltageandlowoffsetcurrentop-ampsforA1:recommendedtypeLF411A
Figure16.StandardTestCircuitandApplicationsCircuit,PrecisionVoltage-to-FrequencyConverter
DETAILSOFOPERATION:F-to-VCONVERTERS
(Figure18andFigure19)
Intheseapplications,apulseinputatfINisdifferentiatedbyaC-Rnetworkandthenegative-goingedgeatpin6
causestheinputcomparatortotriggerthetimercircuit.JustaswithaV-to-Fconverter,theaveragecurrent
flowingoutofpin1isIAVERAGE=i×(1.1RtCt)×f.
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InthesimplecircuitofFigure18,thiscurrentisfilteredinthenetworkRL=100kΩand1μF.Theripplewillbe
lessthan10mVpeak,buttheresponsewillbeslow,witha0.1secondtimeconstant,andsettlingof0.7second
to0.1%accuracy.
Intheprecisioncircuit,anoperationalamplifierprovidesabufferedoutputandalsoactsasa2-polefilter.The
ripplewillbelessthan5mVpeakforallfrequenciesabove1kHz,andtheresponsetimewillbemuchquicker
thaninFigure18.However,forinputfrequenciesbelow200Hz,thiscircuitwillhaveworseripplethanFigure18.
Theengineeringofthefiltertime-constantstogetadequateresponseandsmallenoughripplesimplyrequiresa
studyofthecompromisestobemade.Inherently,V-to-Fconverterresponsecanbefast,butF-to-Vresponse
cannot.
Usestablecomponentswithlowtemperaturecoefficients.
SeeAPPLICATIONSINFORMATION.
Thisresistorcanbe5kΩor10kΩforVS=8Vto22V,butmustbe10kΩforVS=4.5Vto8V.
Uselowoffsetvoltageandlowoffsetcurrentop-ampsforA1:recommendedtypesLF411AorLF356.
Figure17.PrecisionVoltage-to-FrequencyConverter,
100kHzFull-Scale,±0.03%Non-Linearity
Usestablecomponentswithlowtemperaturecoefficients.
Figure18.SimpleFrequency-to-VoltageConverter,
10kHzFull-Scale,±0.06%Non-Linearity
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Usestablecomponentswithlowtemperaturecoefficients.
Figure19.PrecisionFrequency-to-VoltageConverter,
10kHzFull-Scalewith2-PoleFilter,±0.01%
Non-LinearityMaximum
L14F-1,L14G-1orL14H-1,phototransistor(GeneralElectricCo.)orsimilar
Figure20.LightIntensitytoFrequencyConverter
Figure21.TemperaturetoFrequencyConverter
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Figure22.Long-TermDigitalIntegratorUsingVFC
Figure23.BasicAnalog-to-DigitalConverterUsing
Voltage-to-FrequencyConverter
Figure24.Analog-to-DigitalConverterwithMicroprocessor
Figure25.RemoteVoltage-to-FrequencyConverterwith2-WireTransmitterandReceiver
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Figure26.Voltage-to-FrequencyConverterwithSquare-WaveOutputUsing÷2Flip-Flop
Figure27.Voltage-to-FrequencyConverterwithIsolators
Figure28.Voltage-to-FrequencyConverterwithIsolators
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Figure29.Voltage-to-FrequencyConverterwithIsolators
Figure30.Voltage-to-FrequencyConverterwithIsolators
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SchematicDiagram
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REVISIONHISTORY
ChangesfromRevisionA(March2013)toRevisionBPage
?ChangedlayoutofNationalDataSheettoTIformat..........................................................................................................15
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PACKAGEOPTIONADDENDUM
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PACKAGINGINFORMATION
OrderableDeviceStatus
(1)
PackageTypePackage
Drawing
PinsPackage
Qty
EcoPlan
(2)
Lead/BallFinish
(6)
MSLPeakTemp
(3)
OpTemp(°C)DeviceMarking
(4/5)
Samples
LM231AN/NOPBACTIVEPDIPP840Green(RoHS
&noSb/Br)
CUSNLevel-1-NA-UNLIM-25to85LM
231AN
LM231N/NOPBACTIVEPDIPP840Green(RoHS
&noSb/Br)
CUSNLevel-1-NA-UNLIM-25to85LM
231N
LM331AN/NOPBACTIVEPDIPP840Green(RoHS
&noSb/Br)
CUSNLevel-1-NA-UNLIMLM
331AN
LM331N/NOPBACTIVEPDIPP840Green(RoHS
&noSb/Br)
CUSNLevel-1-NA-UNLIM0to70LM
331N
RC4151NBOBSOLETEPDIPP8TBDCallTICallTI0to70LM
331N
RV4151NBOBSOLETEPDIPP8TBDCallTICallTI-25to85LM
231N
(1)Themarketingstatusvaluesaredefinedasfollows:
ACTIVE:Productdevicerecommendedfornewdesigns.
LIFEBUY:TIhasannouncedthatthedevicewillbediscontinued,andalifetime-buyperiodisineffect.
NRND:Notrecommendedfornewdesigns.Deviceisinproductiontosupportexistingcustomers,butTIdoesnotrecommendusingthispartinanewdesign.
PREVIEW:Devicehasbeenannouncedbutisnotinproduction.Samplesmayormaynotbeavailable.
OBSOLETE:TIhasdiscontinuedtheproductionofthedevice.
(2)EcoPlan-Theplannedeco-friendlyclassification:Pb-Free(RoHS),Pb-Free(RoHSExempt),orGreen(RoHS&noSb/Br)-pleasecheckhttp://www.ti.com/productcontentforthelatestavailability
informationandadditionalproductcontentdetails.
TBD:ThePb-Free/Greenconversionplanhasnotbeendefined.
Pb-Free(RoHS):TI''sterms"Lead-Free"or"Pb-Free"meansemiconductorproductsthatarecompatiblewiththecurrentRoHSrequirementsforall6substances,includingtherequirementthat
leadnotexceed0.1%byweightinhomogeneousmaterials.Wheredesignedtobesolderedathightemperatures,TIPb-Freeproductsaresuitableforuseinspecifiedlead-freeprocesses.
Pb-Free(RoHSExempt):ThiscomponenthasaRoHSexemptionforeither1)lead-basedflip-chipsolderbumpsusedbetweenthedieandpackage,or2)lead-baseddieadhesiveusedbetween
thedieandleadframe.ThecomponentisotherwiseconsideredPb-Free(RoHScompatible)asdefinedabove.
Green(RoHS&noSb/Br):TIdefines"Green"tomeanPb-Free(RoHScompatible),andfreeofBromine(Br)andAntimony(Sb)basedflameretardants(BrorSbdonotexceed0.1%byweight
inhomogeneousmaterial)
(3)MSL,PeakTemp.-TheMoistureSensitivityLevelratingaccordingtotheJEDECindustrystandardclassifications,andpeaksoldertemperature.
(4)Theremaybeadditionalmarking,whichrelatestothelogo,thelottracecodeinformation,ortheenvironmentalcategoryonthedevice.
(5)MultipleDeviceMarkingswillbeinsideparentheses.OnlyoneDeviceMarkingcontainedinparenthesesandseparatedbya"~"willappearonadevice.Ifalineisindentedthenitisacontinuation
ofthepreviouslineandthetwocombinedrepresenttheentireDeviceMarkingforthatdevice.
PACKAGEOPTIONADDENDUM
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Addendum-Page2
(6)Lead/BallFinish-OrderableDevicesmayhavemultiplematerialfinishoptions.Finishoptionsareseparatedbyaverticalruledline.Lead/BallFinishvaluesmaywraptotwolinesifthefinish
valueexceedsthemaximumcolumnwidth.
ImportantInformationandDisclaimer:TheinformationprovidedonthispagerepresentsTI''sknowledgeandbeliefasofthedatethatitisprovided.TIbasesitsknowledgeandbeliefoninformation
providedbythirdparties,andmakesnorepresentationorwarrantyastotheaccuracyofsuchinformation.Effortsareunderwaytobetterintegrateinformationfromthirdparties.TIhastakenand
continuestotakereasonablestepstoproviderepresentativeandaccurateinformationbutmaynothaveconducteddestructivetestingorchemicalanalysisonincomingmaterialsandchemicals.
TIandTIsuppliersconsidercertaininformationtobeproprietary,andthusCASnumbersandotherlimitedinformationmaynotbeavailableforrelease.
InnoeventshallTI''sliabilityarisingoutofsuchinformationexceedthetotalpurchasepriceoftheTIpart(s)atissueinthisdocumentsoldbyTItoCustomeronanannualbasis.
IMPORTANTNOTICE
TexasInstrumentsIncorporatedanditssubsidiaries(TI)reservetherighttomakecorrections,enhancements,improvementsandother
changestoitssemiconductorproductsandservicesperJESD46,latestissue,andtodiscontinueanyproductorserviceperJESD48,latest
issue.Buyersshouldobtainthelatestrelevantinformationbeforeplacingordersandshouldverifythatsuchinformationiscurrentand
complete.Allsemiconductorproducts(alsoreferredtohereinas“components”)aresoldsubjecttoTI’stermsandconditionsofsale
suppliedatthetimeoforderacknowledgment.
TIwarrantsperformanceofitscomponentstothespecificationsapplicableatthetimeofsale,inaccordancewiththewarrantyinTI’sterms
andconditionsofsaleofsemiconductorproducts.TestingandotherqualitycontroltechniquesareusedtotheextentTIdeemsnecessary
tosupportthiswarranty.Exceptwheremandatedbyapplicablelaw,testingofallparametersofeachcomponentisnotnecessarily
performed.
TIassumesnoliabilityforapplicationsassistanceorthedesignofBuyers’products.Buyersareresponsiblefortheirproductsand
applicationsusingTIcomponents.TominimizetherisksassociatedwithBuyers’productsandapplications,Buyersshouldprovide
adequatedesignandoperatingsafeguards.
TIdoesnotwarrantorrepresentthatanylicense,eitherexpressorimplied,isgrantedunderanypatentright,copyright,maskworkright,or
otherintellectualpropertyrightrelatingtoanycombination,machine,orprocessinwhichTIcomponentsorservicesareused.Information
publishedbyTIregardingthird-partyproductsorservicesdoesnotconstitutealicensetousesuchproductsorservicesorawarrantyor
endorsementthereof.Useofsuchinformationmayrequirealicensefromathirdpartyunderthepatentsorotherintellectualpropertyofthe
thirdparty,oralicensefromTIunderthepatentsorotherintellectualpropertyofTI.
ReproductionofsignificantportionsofTIinformationinTIdatabooksordatasheetsispermissibleonlyifreproductioniswithoutalteration
andisaccompaniedbyallassociatedwarranties,conditions,limitations,andnotices.TIisnotresponsibleorliableforsuchaltered
documentation.Informationofthirdpartiesmaybesubjecttoadditionalrestrictions.
ResaleofTIcomponentsorserviceswithstatementsdifferentfromorbeyondtheparametersstatedbyTIforthatcomponentorservice
voidsallexpressandanyimpliedwarrantiesfortheassociatedTIcomponentorserviceandisanunfairanddeceptivebusinesspractice.
TIisnotresponsibleorliableforanysuchstatements.
Buyeracknowledgesandagreesthatitissolelyresponsibleforcompliancewithalllegal,regulatoryandsafety-relatedrequirements
concerningitsproducts,andanyuseofTIcomponentsinitsapplications,notwithstandinganyapplications-relatedinformationorsupport
thatmaybeprovidedbyTI.Buyerrepresentsandagreesthatithasallthenecessaryexpertisetocreateandimplementsafeguardswhich
anticipatedangerousconsequencesoffailures,monitorfailuresandtheirconsequences,lessenthelikelihoodoffailuresthatmightcause
harmandtakeappropriateremedialactions.BuyerwillfullyindemnifyTIanditsrepresentativesagainstanydamagesarisingoutoftheuse
ofanyTIcomponentsinsafety-criticalapplications.
Insomecases,TIcomponentsmaybepromotedspecificallytofacilitatesafety-relatedapplications.Withsuchcomponents,TI’sgoalisto
helpenablecustomerstodesignandcreatetheirownend-productsolutionsthatmeetapplicablefunctionalsafetystandardsand
requirements.Nonetheless,suchcomponentsaresubjecttotheseterms.
NoTIcomponentsareauthorizedforuseinFDAClassIII(orsimilarlife-criticalmedicalequipment)unlessauthorizedofficersoftheparties
haveexecutedaspecialagreementspecificallygoverningsuchuse.
OnlythoseTIcomponentswhichTIhasspecificallydesignatedasmilitarygradeor“enhancedplastic”aredesignedandintendedforusein
military/aerospaceapplicationsorenvironments.BuyeracknowledgesandagreesthatanymilitaryoraerospaceuseofTIcomponents
whichhavenotbeensodesignatedissolelyattheBuyer''srisk,andthatBuyerissolelyresponsibleforcompliancewithalllegaland
regulatoryrequirementsinconnectionwithsuchuse.
TIhasspecificallydesignatedcertaincomponentsasmeetingISO/TS16949requirements,mainlyforautomotiveuse.Inanycaseofuseof
non-designatedproducts,TIwillnotberesponsibleforanyfailuretomeetISO/TS16949.
ProductsApplications
Audiowww.ti.com/audioAutomotiveandTransportationwww.ti.com/automotive
Amplifiersamplifier.ti.comCommunicationsandTelecomwww.ti.com/communications
DataConvertersdataconverter.ti.comComputersandPeripheralswww.ti.com/computers
DLP?Productswww.dlp.comConsumerElectronicswww.ti.com/consumer-apps
DSPdsp.ti.comEnergyandLightingwww.ti.com/energy
ClocksandTimerswww.ti.com/clocksIndustrialwww.ti.com/industrial
Interfaceinterface.ti.comMedicalwww.ti.com/medical
Logiclogic.ti.comSecuritywww.ti.com/security
PowerMgmtpower.ti.comSpace,AvionicsandDefensewww.ti.com/space-avionics-defense
Microcontrollersmicrocontroller.ti.comVideoandImagingwww.ti.com/video
RFIDwww.ti-rfid.com
OMAPApplicationsProcessorswww.ti.com/omapTIE2ECommunitye2e.ti.com
WirelessConnectivitywww.ti.com/wirelessconnectivity
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