1
WCDAutoSphereGapSystem
Operationmanual
Beforeconnectingpower,pleaseconnectsystemtoearth.
Beforecutoffinputpower,pleasedonotdisconnectearthing.
PleasedoaccordingtoworksafeyrulesofHVworksite.Pleasedonottouch
HVloopwhenyoucannotconfirmwhetherthereisreliableconnectionbetween
groundingandoutput.
2
Functions
WCDautospheregapisastableHVcalibrationandmeasurementequipmentastoIEC
60052andIEEE4standards.Itisspeciallyapplicabletoimpulse,DC,ACvoltagecalibration
fortestlab.Theequipmenthasonthesamebasetwometalspheresandadrivingdevice.
zRealtimedisplayofgapdistance,airpressure,andenvironmenttemperature.
zPowerinputterminalisaccordingtoIEC61000-4-4,IEC61000-4-5standards.It
effectivelyprohibitwavedisturbance.
zAutoandmanualregulationofgapandindication.
zAutoregulationofgapandhighprecisiondrivingdevice.
zEnvironmentparameteranddatatransferhighpreciselycheck.
zMovablewheelfortestconvenience.
zScreentouchdesignrealizesdialoguebetweencontrollerandpeople.
zOpticfiberconnectionensuressafety.
Power:singlephase110V50/60Hz
easydamagedextrusionwaveresiduevoltage:below250V
p
(6kV1.2x50μsstandardL.I)
disturbanceresiduevoltage:below500V
p
(4kV5x50nsstandard)
calibrationaccuracycalibrationaccuracy:+5%
temperaturetestprecision:temperaturecheckprecision:+0.5
o
C
airpresstestprecision:airpressuretestprecision+1%
Electricaldrivenspheregap
Theelectricspheregapiscomposedoftwospheres.Theoneatbottomisgroundedphere,
whichcanberaisedorloweredtomeetgaprequirement.TheuppersphereisHVsphere.The
wholestructureisinstalledonasteelmadebase.
Controlunit
Thecontrolunitadoptsmicroprocessingsystem.Theopticfibrecableconnectsittoelectric
spheregap.Theoperationpoweris110-120V50/60Hz,3A.
3
WCDseriescontrolprocedureastofigure1.
Thesoftwarehasfunctionofspheregapdischargesystemautoormanualregulation.
Figure1operationprocedure
start
log
Setvoltage
Yes,?reset
Exceeding?
limit
no?
Gapregulation
ManualgapAutogapregulation
NO
rise
In?position??
In?position??
lower
ManualraiseManuallower
yes
yes
NO
Inposition
OK
4
Software
LogIn：Therearetwotypes,AdminandUser.Adminhasbiggestauthority,and
hecanamendparametersandcalibrate.CodeisalsoAdminandUser.
Parameters:authorityofAdmin
5
PulseStepDistance：Setsinglepulsestepdistance.Pleasedonotamenditrandomly.
PLCCom:ItiscommunicationportofPLC.ThesystemadoptterminalofCOM2.
TemperatureScale：settemperaturefactor
TemperatureOffset：settemperatureoffset.Temperaturescaleandtemperatureoffsetare
takenbyPLCprogram.Pleasedonotamendit.
PressureScale：setairpressurefactor.
PressureOffset：setairpressureoffset.ItistakenbyPLCprogram.Pleasedonotamendit.
Distance：maximumdistanceoftwospheres.
VoltageUpperLimit：setvoltageupperlimit.
Controlterminalismicroprocessingtouchscreenoperation.
Thereisnomouseorkeyboard.Whenyouneedtoinputparameter,pleaseclickbuttonof
.Thenaanaloguekeyboardappears.Eachconnectionportcanusethisprogramefor
inputtingdata.
Aftereditingtheparameters,click,andnewparameterareeffective.
click
,andinterfaceswitchesto
usersettingport.
Itdisplaysname,codeandauthourity.Itcanaddanddeleteacertainuser.
6
Click
,anddialogueontherightappears.Input
Username,PasswordandchoosePrivilege,click,and
newuserisadded.
Chooseauser,click
,andtheuserisdeleted.
Click
,andsystemexitsfromthepage.
Voltageset:thisbuttonisforsettingvoltageforcalibration.Aftertheset,system
calculatespheregapastopresentairpressureandtemperature.
Inputvoltagevalue,clickOKbutton,save
thesettingandleavethepresentpage.
Calibration:Thisbuttonistocalibratethepulsestepdistance.Clickit,and
belowdialogueappears.
Lowerlimit.Thebuttonmakes
spherecomebacktolowerlimit.Click
lowerlimit,pressthisbutton,and
sphereautomaticallylowers,untilit
comesbacktolowerlimit.
istostartcalibration.Click
,andcalibrationstarts.Ifsphereis
atlowerlimit,systemwillautomatically
returnsspheretolowerlimit,toreduce
mechaniccontrastofmotor.
Afteritcomestolowerlimit,motorwillautomaticallydrivespheretosetinitialposition.Afterit
arrives,itdisplaysdiagloguebelow:
7
Inputpresentpositionofsphere,clickOK.
Systemwillautomaticallycalibrate,and
drivesspheretosetcalibrationfinalposition.
Note:positionvaluecanbereadasto
scalemeterundersphereball.
Inputthepresentpositionofthesphere,clickOK,
systemwillautomaticallycalculateanddisplaysdataon
calibrationport.
Thecalibrationvaluewillbe
displayedastoleft.Itdisplayson
screen.ClickDone,newdatawill
replacethePulseStepDistanceat
thesettingparameters.
（autocalibration）：Aftersettingcalibrationvoltage,systemwillcalculategap,
click
,andspherewillmovetospheregappositionneeded,andsystem
automaticallyswitchfrom
to
,
anddisable.
Whenspheremovestoacquiescenceposition,indicationlampReadyison,andit
meanssphereisinposition.Clickagain
,andspherewillstopmoving.
Letterswitchesto,andatthesametime,startand
button.
Manualupistoregulatepositionofsphere.Pressthisbutton,andsphererises.
8
Releaseit,andspherestopsmoving.
Manualdecreaseistoregulatepositionofsphere.Pressthisbutton,andsphere
lowers.Releaseit,andspherestopsmoving.
HighSpeedLowSpeed：speedatmanualoperationmode
GapDisp：Theboxdisplaysexactpositionvalueofsphere
SettedGap：displaysspheregapaccordingtoacquiescencevoltage,presenttemperatureand
airpressure.
Progressbar：positionofsphereandmaxgapoftwospheres.
Voltage：itdisplayssetvoltage.Setvoltagecanbedisplayedhereaftervoltageisset.
Pressure:presentairpressure
Temperatureandpressuresensorsmighthavesomeerrorcomparedwithactualenvironment
TandPvalue.
9
HVmeasurmentoperationofcalibratedsphere
Betweenspheregapandtestpower,
thereshallbeacoppercoilforlow
impedancegrounding
Figure2calibrationconnection
1.locationofspheregap.NomatterhowmuchspheregapSis,itsdistancefromHV
spheretowall,roof,transformer,bushingorimpulsevoltagegenerator,ectshallnot
bebelowBvalueinbelowform.Bvalueshalnotbebleow2D.
Spherediameter（D）
（cm）
MinumumB
6.2514S
12.512S
2510S
Figure3spheregap
2.Connectthegroundingnettogroundingterminalofmotordrivebox.Themodewill
automaticallymakelowersphereconnectedtoearth.Whenspheregapdischarges,it
generatesveryhighpeakcurrent.Therefore,wesuggestcoppertapebeusedfor
groundingconnection.
3.connectHVpowertometalpointofsphereoninsulationsupport.HVconductorof
Testpower
Spheregap
Control
unt
10
impulsevoltageisusuallyaconductorwirewithverysmalldiameter.ACorDCHV
conductorshallbewithbigdiametertoavoidtoroiddischarge.Seriesconnected
spheregapwitharesistor100k?～1M?.Theresistorwillminumizeunevenpointof
spheregap,limitpeakdischargecurrent,andextenddischargevoltagewavelenthof
highfrequencydischarge.Screwofresistordirectlylocksconnectionpartofupper
sphere.HVtestpowershallbematchedwithadevice,whichcanswtichHVoutput
within5fullwavee,whenthereisoverloadcurretn.Thisistoavoiddamageof
resistor.
4.beforeaddinghighvoltage,cleanspherewithacleancloth.
5.calibratespheregapwithcontrolunitaccordingtocalibrationvoltage.
6.addhighvoltagetouppersphere
Impulsevoltage
Toget50%breakdownvoltage,chargingvoltageshallberegulatedastoatleast2%of
breakdownvoltage.Ineachregulationstage,therearesixtimesofimpulsevoltagetest.
Duringtheapplication,timeperiodshallnotbelowerthan30seconds.
At50%ofplanneddischargevoltage,itisbettertogettheaveragevoltageofaleasttwo
voltagesetting.Anothermethodis,comparescontinuous10outputvoltage,until4-6
breakdowndischargevoltageisobtained.
DCorACvoltage
Useacomparativelylowamplitude,whichcannotcausebreakdownvoltage,toaddvoltage.
Thenslowlyimprovetheamplitude,sothatuserreadslowervoltagewhenspheregaphas
breakdowndicharge.Oraddaconstantvoltageattwoterminalsofgap.Thenslowlylower
voltage,untilvoltagebreakdownhappens.
Ifthereisdustorfibrematerialintheair,theremightbelowandunstablebreakdown
discharge.EspeciallywhenmeasuringDCvoltage.Togetafinalresult,itmightneedsmultiple
tests.
11
Finalmeasurevalueshallbeaveragevalueofthreereadings,anderrorisbelow3%.
Impulsedischargevoltageandspheregap
Refertofigure4and5,forbreakdowndischargevoltageofeachspheregap.
Refertofigure4forbelowdata:
BreakdowndischargevoltagepeakvalueiskV（50%ofimpulsevoltage）,suitablefor:
?ACvoltage
?Fullwavenegativevoltagestandardpulseandnegativepulsewithlongtailwave.
?DCvoltageofeachpolarity
Referenceofairtemperature:20
o
C,101.3kPa（0
o
C,760mmHg）.
Note:thefigureisnotsuibleforimpulsevoltagemeasurementforbelow10kV.
Pleaserefertofigure5forbelowdata:
?BreakdownvoltagepeakvalueisinkV（50%voltage）
?Suitableforfullwavepositivevoltagestandardpulseandpositivepulsewithlonger
wavetail
?Referenceaircondition:20
o
Cand101.3kPa（0
o
C,760mmHg）。
accuracy:
ACvoltageandimpulsevoltage:
Forgapof0.5D,theformaccuracyisbetterthan3%.Ifthegapisbetween
0.5Dand1.0D,“()”meansvoltagevalueisnotveryaccurate.
DCvotlage
Forgapabove0.4D,theaccuracyiswithinrangeof±5%.
12
Spheregap
spherediameter(cm)
(kVisunit)
cm6.2512.515255075100150
0.4014.2
0.5017.216.816.8
0.6020.219.919.9
0.7023.223.023.0
0.8026.226.026.0
0.9029.128.928.9
1.031.931.731.731.7
1.237.537.437.437.4
1.442.942.942.942.9
1.545.545.545.545.5
1.648.148.148.148.1
1.853.553.553.553.5
2.058.559.059.059.059.059.0
2.263.064.564.564.564.564.5
2.467.570.070.070.070.070.0
2.672.075.075.575.575.575.5
2.876.080.080.581.081.081.0
3.079.585.085.586.086.086.086.0
3.5(87.5)97.098.099.099.099.099.0
4.0(95.0)108110112112112112
4.5(101)119122125125125125
5.0(107)129133137138138138138
5.5138143149151151151151
6.0146152161164164164164
6.5(154)161173177177177177
7.0(161)169184189190190190
7.5(168)177195202203203203
8.0(174)(185)206214215215215
9.0(185)(198)226239240241241
10(195)(209)244263265266266
11(219)261286290292292
12(229)275309315318318
13(289)331339342342
14(302)353363366366
15(314)373387390390
16(326)392410414414
17(337)411432438438
18(347)429453462462
19(357)445473486486
20(366)460492510510
22489530555560
24515565595610
26(540)600635655
28(565)635675700
30(585)665710745
32(605)695745790
34(625)725780835
36(640)750815875
38(655)(775)845915
40(670)(800)875955
45(850)9451050
50(895)10101130
55(935)(1060)1210
60(970)(1110)1280
65(1160)1340
70(1200)1390
75(1230)1440
80(1490)
5(1540)
90(1580)
100(1660)
10(1730)
120(1800)
4.peakvoltageofbreakdowndischarge(U
50
isvoltageatimpulsetest）,suitableforACvoltage,negativevoltage
fullwavesurge,switchwavesurge,andDCvoltage.
13
spheregap
Spherediameter(cm)
(kVisunit)
cm6.2512.515255075100150
0.4014.2
0.5017.216.816.8
0.6020.219.919.9
0.7023.223.023.0
0.8026.226.026.0
0.9029.128.928.9
1.031.931.731.731.7
1.237.637.437.437.4
1.443.242.942.942.9
1.545.945.545.545.5
1.648.648.148.148.1
1.854.053.553.553.5
2.059.059.059.059.059.059.0
2.264.064.564.564.564.564.5
2.469.070.070.070.070.070.0
2.673.575.575.575.575.575.5
2.878.080.580.581.081.081.0
3.082.085.585.586.086.086.086.0
3.5(91.5)98.098.599.099.099.099.0
4.0(101)110111112112112112
4.5(108)122124125125125125
5.0(115)134136138138138138138
5.5145147151151151151151
6.0155158163164164164164
6.5(164)168175177177177177
7.0(173)178187189190190190
7.5(181)187199202203203203
8.0(189)(196)211214215215215
9.0(203)(212)233239240241241
10(215)(226)254263265266266
11(238)273287290292292
12(249)291311315318318
13(308)334339342342
14(323)357363366366
15(337)380387390390
16(350)402411414414
17(362)422435438438
18(374)442458462462
19(385)461482486486
20(395)480505510510
22510545555560
24540585600610
26570620645655
28(595)660685700
30(620)695725745
32(640)725760790
34(660)755795835
36(680)785830880
38(700)(810)865925
40(715)(835)900965
45(890)9801060
50(940)10401150
55(985)(1100)1240
60(1020)(1150)1310
65(1200)1380
70(1240)1430
75(1280)1480
80(1530)
5(1580)
90(1630)
100(1720)
10(1790)
120(1860)
5.peakvoltageofbreakdowndischarge(U
50
isvoltageatimpulsetest）,suitableforimpulsevoltageofpositive
voltagefullwavesurge,positiveswitchwavesurge.
14
Airconditiondeviationfactor
voltageiseffivewhen
?temperatureis20
o
C
?airpressureis101.3kPa（760mmmercurycolumn）
Thedifferenceofaboveconditionwillaffectvoltagevalueoffigure4andfigure5.
P
A
273+T
O
RAD=
P
O
x
273+T
A
P
A
Airpressureoftestenvironment
P
o
standardairpressure（101.3kPa）
T
o
temperature20
o
C
T
A
degreecentigradeoftestenvironment
Airdensitydeviationfactor：
Relativeairdensity
（RAD）
factor
（K
d
）
0.700.72
0.750.77
0.800.82
0.850.86
0.900.91
0.950.95
1.001.00
1.051.05
1.101.09
1.151.13
6airdensitycalibrationfactor
Todecidebreakdownvoltageaftercalibration,multiplybreakdownvotlagewithK
d
Todecidebreakdownvoltageofacertainvoltagelevel,dividethevotlagevaluebyK
d
Aftercalculation,findthegapaccordingtofigure4and5.
Onconditionthespherehasnotcondensation,theeffectofhumditychangecanbe
ignored.
ShanghaiDielecElectrotechnicsCO.,Ltd
|
|
