七年级上册英语复习资料
月份month:JanuaryFebruaryMarchAprilMayJuneJulyAugustSeptemberOctoberNovemberDecember
四季season:springsummerfall/autumnwinter
1-100序数词OrdinalNumbers:firstsecondthirdfourthfifthsixthseventheighthninthtentheleventhtwelfththirteenthfourteenthfifteenthsixteenthseventeentheighteenthnineteenthtwentiethtwenty-firstthirtiethfortiethfiftiethsixtiethseventietheightiethninetiethhundredthonehundredandfirst
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星期date:what’sthedatetoday?
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天气weather:sunnyrainywindysnowycloudy
心情:好:happydelightedjoycheerfulfunnyexcitedpleasurecomfortablesatisfied坏:sadboringafraidfrightenedbeanxiousforShesharesherhappinessandsorrownesswithothers.
词汇?
一、单词??
1.?介词:in,?on,?under,?behind,?near,?at,?of??
1).?in表示"在……中",?"在……内"。例如:?in?our?class?在我们班上??
in?my?bag?在我的书包里???in?the?desk?在桌子里???in?the?classroom?在教室里??2).?on?表示"在……上"。例如:??
on?the?wall?在墙上???on?the?desk?在桌子上???on?the?blackboard?在黑板上??3).?under表示"在……下"。例如:??
under?the?tree?在树下???under?the?chair?在椅子下???under?the?bed?在床下??4).?behind表示"在……后面"。例如:??
behind?the?door?在门后??????behind?the?tree?在树后??5).?near表示"在……附近"。例如:??
near?the?teacher''s?desk?在讲桌附近???near?the?bed?在床附近??6).?at表示"在……处"。例如:??
at?school?在学校????at?home?在家??????at?the?door?在门口??7).?of?表示"……的"。例如:??
a?picture?of?our?classroom?我们教室的一幅画??????a?map?of?China?一张中国地图???
2.?冠词?a?/?an?/?the:??
冠词一般位于所限定的名词前,用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式,即a和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的词前,如a?book;?an用在以元音音素开头的字母前,如an?apple.??
a或an与可数名词单数连用,泛指某类人或某物中的一个。??This?is?a?cat.?这是一只猫。??
It''s?an?English?book.?这是一本英语书。??His?father?is?a?worker.?他的爸爸是个工人。??
the既可以用在可数名词前,也可以用在不可数名词前,表示某个或某些特定的人或事物,也可以指上文提到过的人或事物。??
Who''s?the?boy?in?the?hat??戴帽子的男孩是谁呀???
------?What?can?you?see?in?the?classroom??你能在教室里看到什么呀??------?I?can?see?a?bag.?我能看见一个书包。?------?Where''s?the?bag??书包在哪呀??------?It''s?on?the?desk.?在桌子上。??
3.some和any??
①在肯定句中用some.例如:??
There?are?some?books?on?the?desk.桌子上有一些书。??Lucy?has?some?good?books露西有一些好书。??②在疑问句和否定句中用any。例如:??
Is?there?any?ink?in?your?pen?你的钢笔里有墨水吗???
Do?you?have?any?brothers?and?sisters?你有兄弟姐妹吗???There?isn''t?any?water?in?the?glass.杯子里没有水。??
记住它们的特殊用法。??
①some亦可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、委婉请求的疑问句中,这一点我们不久就会学到。例如:??Would?you?like?to?have?some?apples?你想吃苹果吗???②any也可用于肯定句中,表示"任何的"。例如:??Any?one?of?us?can?do?this.我们当中任何一个都能做这个。??some?和any的用法是经常出现的考点,希望大家能准确地掌握它们的用法。???
4.family??
family看作为一个整体时,意思是"家庭",后面的谓语动词be用单数形式?is?;如把family看作为家庭成员时,应理解为复数,后面的谓语动词be应用are。??My?family?is?a?big?family.?我的家庭是个大家庭。??
My?family?are?all?at?home?now.?我的家人现在都在家。??
Family强调由家人组成的一个集体或强调这个集体中的成员。home指个人出生、被抚养长大的环境和居住地点。?house指"家"、"房屋",侧重居住的建筑本身。??His?family?are?all?workers.?他的家人都是工人。??My?home?is?in?Beijing.?我的家在北京。??He?isn''t?at?home?now.?他现在不在家。??
It''s?a?picture?of?my?family.?这是一张我全家的照片。???
5.?little的用法??
a?little?dog?一只小狗,a?little?boy?一个小男孩。little常用来修饰有生命的名词。??但little还可表示否定意义,意为"少的",加不可数名词。??There?is?little?time.?几乎没时间了。??
There?is?little?water?in?the?cup.?杯中水很少。???
二、词组??
on?the?desk?在桌子上?????????????????behind?the?chair?在椅子后??
under?the?chair?在椅子下面????????????in?her?pencil-box?在她的铅笔盒中??
near?the?door?在门附近???????????????a?picture?of?a?classroom?一个教室的图片??look?at?the?picture?看这张图片?????????the?teacher''s?desk?讲桌??a?map?of?China?一张中国地图?????????family?tree?家谱??have?a?seat?坐下,就坐??????????????this?way?这边走???????????
?
日常用语?
1.?Come?and?meet?my?family.??2.?Go?and?see.?I?think?it''s?Li?Lei.??3.?Glad?to?meet?you.??
4.?—What?can?you?see?in?the?picture?????—I?can?see?a?clock?/?some?books.??
5.—Can?you?see?an?orange????????????—Yes,?I?can.?/?No,?I?can''t.??
6.?—Where''s?Shenzhen????????????????—It''s?near?Hong?Kong.??
7.?Let?me?see.(口语)让我想想看。??see?在这是"明白、懂了",不可译作"看见"。8.?Please?have?a?seat.??seat表示"座位",是个名词。have?a?seat表示"就坐",也可以说take?a?seat,?和sit?down的意思相同。???
语法?
1.?名词所有格??
名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系,通常用名词所有格的形式,意为"……的"。一般有以下几种形式:??
1).一般情况下在词尾加"''s"。例如:??
Kate''s?father?Kate的爸爸??????????????????my?mother''s?friend?我妈妈的朋友??
2).?如果复数名词以s结尾,只加“’”。例如:??Teachers''?Day?教师节????????The?boys''?game?男孩们的游戏?
3).?如果复数名词不以s结尾,仍加"''s"。例如:Children''s?Day?儿童节?????Women''s?Day?妇女节??
4).?表示两个或几个共有时,所有格应加在后一个名词上。例如:??Lucy?and?Lily''s?room?Lucy?和Lily的房间??Kate?and?Jim''s?father?Kate?和Jim的爸爸??
动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加"''s",而常常用介词of的短语来表示。??
a?map?of?China?一幅中国地图????????????????the?name?of?her?cat?她的猫的名字??a?picture?of?my?family?我的家庭的一张照片?????the?door?of?the?bedroom?卧室的门???
2.?祈使句??
祈使句主要用来表示说话人的请求、命令、建议、叮嘱等意图。祈使句一般不用主语,读时用降调。为使语气委婉、礼貌,常在句首或句尾加please?。在句尾时,please前多用逗号。??
(1).?祈使句肯定形式的谓语动词一律用动词原形。
??Go?and?see.?去看看。???????Come?in,?please.?请进。?
?(2).?祈使句的否定形式常用don''t于句首。??
Don''t?look?at?your?books.?不要看书。?????Don''t?play?on?the?road.?不要在马路上玩。?????
3.?There?be?的句子结构??(就近原则)
There?be是一个"存在"句型,表示"有"的意思,??
肯定句的形式为:There?be?+?名词(单数或复数)+地点状语或时间状语。??
be动词单复数的确定,看be后边第一个名词,当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时,be动词形式为is;当所接主语为复数名词时,be动词为are;当be动词后接两个以上主语时,be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为"某地有某人或某物"。如:??There?is?an?eraser?and?two?pens?on?the?desk.?桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。??There?are?two?pens?and?an?eraser?on?the?desk.?桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。??(1)there?be的否定句,即在be的后面加上not。??
否定形式为:There?be?+?not?+?(any)?+?名词+地点状语。??There?is?not?any?cat?in?the?room.?房间里没猫。??There?aren''t?any?books?on?the?desk.?桌子上没书。?
(2)there?be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首:Be?there?+?(any)?+名词+地点状语?肯定回答:Yes,?there?is?/?are.?否定回答:No,?there?isn''t?/?aren''t.??
---Is?there?a?dog?in?the?picture??画上有一只狗吗????---Yes,?there?is.?有。??
---Are?there?any?boats?in?the?river??河里有船吗?????---No,?there?aren''t.?没有。?
(3)特殊疑问句:How?many?.?.?.?are?there?(+地点状语)?"某地有多少人或物?"回答用There?be?.?.?.??There''s?one.?/?There?are?two?/?three?/?some?.?.?.??有时直接就用数字来回答。One.?/?Two?.?.?.??
---How?many?students?are?there?in?the?classroom??教室里有多少学生?
?---There''s?only?one.?/?There?are?nine.?只有一个。/有九个。??
(4)如果名词是不可数名词,用:How?much?+?不可数名词?+?is?there?+?地点状语??How?much?water?is?there?in?the?cup??杯中有多少水?How?much?food?is?there?in?the?bowl??碗里有多少食物?
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