【内容摘要】如何改变过去一味由教师传授的教学模式,努力建设开放而具有活力的语文课程,建立师生互动、生生互动、互教互学的课堂模式,使语文课堂
多一些动感、生气与活力,并由此带来极高的学习效率呢?【关键词】表演生生互动师生互动开拓创新勇于实践现在需要是具有开拓
创新、勇于实践的人才."新课程"它倡导自主?合作?探究的学习方式,提出开展综合性学习的新理念.那么,如何改变过去一味由教师传授的教
学模式,努力建设开放而具有活力的语文课程,建立师生互动、生生互动、互教互学的课堂模式,使语文课堂多一些动感、生气与活力,并由此带来
极高的学习效率呢?首先,需要我们教师不断地提高自身的综合素养,能够为学生解疑、答疑,提供有效的学习方法,准备充足的学习资料.其次
,教师还要不断提高教学艺术,创设良好的教学情境,能凌驾于教材、课堂、学生.在不同的课堂心理气氛中,学生的学习积极性、学习兴趣、学习
情感体验、学习注意力是有很大差异的,学习中的智力活动和操作活动也有较大区别,这些必然会影响学习效率.下面谈谈语文课堂教学中建立的
几种师生互动、生生互动、互教互学的课堂模式.一、让学生当老师进课堂很多小学生在日记中写道:我长大了也要当一名像我们班老师那样的
老师.老师这份工作对许多小学生来说是很崇高的、令人向往的,能够走上讲台上当小老师对许多学生有吸引力.针对学生的这个心理特征,低年级
语文课堂教学时可让小老师课前自己制作生字词卡片,课堂上由小老师来组织字词教学.小老师教的还有模有样,由读音、结构、识记方法到组词、
造句等,小老师教得认真,其他同学也学得兴致盎然,收到了意想不到的教学效果.同时课堂既活跃了气氛,也锻炼了小学生的胆量.二、"演员
"进课堂在阅读教学中,让学生即兴表演,是促进其对课文进行全身心感受的有效手段.课堂表演十分符合小学语文教学的特点和儿童身心发展规
律.课堂表演的形式有很多,应根据实际需要来设计.如教学《植物妈妈有办法》一文时,教师出示植物头饰,说:"同学们,大家上一节课学课文
表现得可出色了,植物妈妈看到你们这么爱学习,都悄悄地来到了咱们的教室,瞧它们就在这里!等一会儿我们要来演一演蒲公英妈妈、苍耳妈妈、
豌豆妈妈送孩子们去旅行的情景,现在先请同学们反复朗读课文,做好准备."在此过程中,学生的积极性高涨,为了一个细节的至善至美,"导演
们"争得面红耳赤,"演员们"不厌其烦地多次排练.在成果展示中,我又惊喜地看到学生卓越的才华.学生们自行布置了合理的场景,制作了精美
的道具,准确地表达了人物的形象.还看到学生们的创新精神.表演中,学生不但掌握了课文的知识,更融入了自己的理解.同时,有效地增强了学
生学习语文的兴趣!三、小画家进课堂教材中某些文章写得很美,通过对文字的感悟,再加上自己丰富的想象就更美了.教学《黄山奇石》时,
教师引导:作者概括地介绍了黄山风景区后,就迫不及待地带我们去看岩石了.在这篇课文里,我们看到了仙桃石、猴子观海、仙人指路、金鸡叫天
都……这些岩石真奇呀!现在,黄山还有许多叫不出名字的奇形怪状的岩石,让我们展开想象的翅膀.去画一画那些奇形怪状的岩石,再给它们取些
有趣的名字吧.这样,学生学起来兴致盎然,既深化了课文的学习,又使创新思维得到了训练.四、小作家进课堂写话是一项重要的语文基本功
,教师要充分运用教材资源对学生进行写话训练.如教学《坐井观天》一文时,教师谈话:"青蛙坐在井里,抬头看见天只有井口那么大.小鸟飞来
了,落在井沿上,说天无边无际,大极了.青蛙不信,还说小鸟弄错了.那么,当青蛙跳出井口一看,会发生什么事呢?请同学们接着往下写……对
教材内容可以续写、改写、缩写……这样,课堂上学生不是收音机,而是创作者,说不定以后还有人会成为作家.五、小记者进课堂语文学科应
从小对学生进行交际能力的培养.如教学《我们成功了》一文时,细读完课文,进入课文描绘的意境,就可以举行现场采访活动:一部分同学扮演课
文描写的某个场所的人物,其余同学扮演记者,对他们进行采访.被采访的同学可自由说说自己的心情.还可以联系生活实际自己挑选采访对象,选
择采访内容,如:你最喜欢的体育项目是什么?你知道哪些奥运会比赛项目?到若干年后,你觉得北京会有哪些变化?同学们又有哪些变化?均以采
访报道的形式叙述了自己的体验,在认识人和事的同时也有效地提高了交际能力.六、环形座位环形座位的好处很多,如很多课文中需要小组合
作.这样很容易沟通,例如:在讲《老人与海鸥》一课,老人与海鸥相依相随的情景和老人去世,海鸥送老人的情景,这两个场景都需要小组合作讨
论,来找出有关的句子和相关的情景.环形座位给这样的情形带来了方便.七、评价方式小学生由于年龄小,受表扬是一件很高兴的事,所以课
堂评价是不可缺少的一项机构,每每在课堂上对小组或者个人课堂评价,兴趣很高,如:在每堂课,每个问题对小组或者个人评价会给学生带来一定
的促进作用.在评价时,学生一般兴趣很高,对小组或者个人的得分很是重视并且很在意.特别是在评价后有礼物的,兴趣盎然,小孩的特点是幼稚
,得高分那种高兴劲更能提高他们的合作能力和个人素养.如:自主学习、小组合作、全班展示、精彩表现、课堂检测、智慧值.在每一项评价时,
学生兴趣很高.这些生动有趣的课型的开展,不仅是对课堂教学内容的有益补充,更是激起了同学们对于语文这一门课程的热爱,使他们对于语文
这一门学科"爱学"、"乐学",同时,他们的语文能力,语文素养也在一种轻松活泼的氛围中不知不觉地得到了提高.实践证明,学生们很喜欢上
这样的课,这也是我们以后继续探索、努力的方向.【abstract】howtochangetheteachingpa
tternofblindlybyteacherstoteach,strivetobuildopenandd
ynamicChinesecurriculum,establishamodeofclassroominteract
ionandinteractionbetweenteachersandstudentsandteachersan
swers,maketheChineseclassmoredynamic,aliveandvibrant,an
dtheresultinghighlearningefficiency?【keywords】performanc
eperspectivesInteractionbetweenteachersandstudentsDevelopm
entinnovationHavethecouragetopracticeNeednowisatalentw
ithinnovation,boldpractice.Itadvocatedindependence"newcur
riculum"?Cooperation?Inquirylearning,thispaperputsforward
tocarryoutthenewideaofcomprehensivelearning.So,howtoc
hangetheteachingpatternofblindlybyteacherstoteach,striv
etobuildopenanddynamicChinesecurriculum,establishamode
ofclassroominteractionandinteractionbetweenteachersandstu
dentsandteachersanswers,maketheChineseclassmoredynamic,
aliveandvibrant,andtheresultinghighlearningefficiency?Fir
stofall,weneedtotheteacherconstantlyimprovetheirownco
mprehensivequalities,disambiguation,answeringquestionsforst
udents,provideeffectivelearningmethods,preparationoflearni
ngmaterials.Secondly,teachersneedtoconstantlyimprovethet
eachingart,creategoodteachingsituation,canabovetheteachi
ngmaterial,classroom,students.Inthedifferentclassroompsyc
hologicalatmosphere,thestudents''learningmotivation,learning
interest,learning,emotionalexperience,learning,attention,t
hereisabigdifferenceoflearningintelligenceactivitiesand
operatingactivitiesalsohavebiggerdifference,thesewillinev
itablyaffectthelearningefficiency.Here''stoestablishseveral
kindsofinteractionbetweenteachersandstudentsinChinesecl
assroomteachinginclassroommode,perspectivesandanswers.A,l
etthestudentswhentheteachercameintotheclassroomManypupi
lswroteinhisdiary:Igrewuptobeateacherlikeourclasst
eacher.Theteacherthisjobformanyprimaryschoolstudentsis
veryhigh,desirable,andcanbemountedtheplatformwhenthete
acherwillappealtomanystudents.Forthepsychologicalcharact
eristicsofstudents,juniorChineseclassroomteachingcanlets
mallmakeyourownnewvocabularyCARDSbeforeclass,theteacher
inclassbytheteachertoorganizewordsteaching.Littleteach
erisgood,thepronunciation,structure,methodofmemorization
togroupsofwords,sentences,etc.,thelittleteachertoteach
earnestly,theotherstudentsalsolearngusto,receivedunexpect
edteachingeffect.Atthesametimebothactiveclassatmosphere
,alsoexercisetheelementarystudent''sguts.Second,the"actor"
intotheclassroomInreadingteaching,makestudentsimprov,is
topromotethefullfeelingofthetext.Theclassroomperformanc
econformstothecharacteristicsofChineselanguageteachingin
primaryschoolandchildren''sphysicalandmentaldevelopmentru
le.Performancehasalotof,intheformofclassshouldbedesi
gnedaccordingtotheactualneeds.Suchasteachingmotherhada
wayof"plant",showwww.jjylzm.comwww.zjljy.nettheplanthead
dress,said:"theclassmates,everybodycanbegoodperformersle
ssontolearnthetext,theplantmothertoseeyousoloveofle
arning,arequietlycametoourclassroom,look,they''rehere!Wa
itaminutewearegoingtoplayamotherplaysadandelion,xant
hiumsibiricummother,peas,mothersentthechildrentotravel,
nowpleasereadthetextaloudrepeatedly,prepare."inthisproc
ess,thestudent''senthusiasmhigh,inordertoadetailofthes
upremegoodtobeauty,isflushed"directors"and"actors"weary
ofrehearsalformanytimes.TheresultsshowthatIwaspleasant
lysurprisedtoseestudentsbrilliance.Thestudentstosetupr
easonablescenario,producedexquisiteprops,accuratelyexpress
thecharacter''simage.Alsoseethestudents''innovationspirit.
Performance,studentsnotonlymastertheknowledgeofthetext,
intoyourownunderstanding.Atthesametime,effectivelyenhanc
ethestudents''interestinlearningChinese!Three,littlepainte
rintotheclassroomSomearticleswritteninthetextbooksisver
ybeautiful,throughtothetextcomprehension,coupledwiththei
rwww.hurom.orgwww.1dykg.comwww.huoli99.netrichimaginationis
evenmorebeautiful."huangshanstone"inteaching,teachers''gu
ide,theauthorbrieflyintroducesthehuangshanscenicarea,can
''twaitwewenttoseetherock.Inthistext,weseethestoneo
fxiantao,themonkeyviewsea,immortaldirections,goldendays.
..Theserocksarestrange!Now,therearemanynotthenameofh
uangshangrotesquerocks,letusthewingsoftheimagination.Th
osegrotesquerockstopaintapicture,givethemsomeinterestin
gname.Inthisway,studentslearninginterest,notonlydeepens
thestudyofthetext,andgivescreativethinkingtraining.Four
,smallauthorintotheclassroomWritewordsisanimportantlang
uagebasicskills,teachersshouldmakefulluseofresourcestra
iningstudentstowritewords.Suchasteaching"blind",theteac
hertalk:"thefroginwell,lookedupandsawthedayisthesiz
eofawellhead.Birdsfly,fallinthewell,endlesssaidday,v
erybig.Thefrogornot,alsosaidthatthebirdmadeamistake.
So,whenafrogjumpoutofthewell''smouth,whatwillhappen?
Pleasethenwrite...totheteachingmaterialcontentcanbewrit
tendown,rewrite,abbreviation...so,studentsintheclassisn
otaradio,butthecreator,afterothersmightbecomeawriter.F
ive,thelittlejournalistsintotheclassroomChinesesubjectsho
uldundertaketothestudentthecultivationofcommunicativeabi
lity.Suchasteaching"wemadeit,"readthetext,intothetext
ofartisticconception,canholdaliveinterviewactivity:part
ofthestudentsplaythetextdescriptionofaplace,therests
tudentsplayareportertointerviewwiththem.Theirclassmates
talkabouttheirownfreemood.Canalsocontacttheactuallife,
chooseinterviewobject,choosetheinterviewcontent,suchas:
whatisyourfavoritesport?DoyouknowwhattheOlympicGames?
Byseveralyearslater,whatdoyouthinkBeijingwillchange?Wh
atthestudentschange?Areintheformofinterviewreportsdesc
ribedhisownexperience,intheunderstandingofpeopleandthin
gsatthesametimealsoeffectivelyimprovethecommunicationsk
ills.Six,seatringThebenefitsoftheseatringalot,suchasm
anylessonsinneedteamcooperation.Soitiseasytocommunicat
e,forexample:talkingabout"theoldmanandtheseagull"less
on,theoldmanandtheseagullaccompanyingdependentscenarios
andtheoldmandied,theseagullsgavetheoldman,thetwosce
nariosneedteamdiscuss,tofindoutaboutthesentencesandrel
atedsituations.Ringseatbroughtconvenienttosuchasituation
.Seven,evaluationPupilsbecauseofagesmall,praiseisaveryh
appything,sotheclassroomassessmentisindispensableaninsti
tution,oftenintheclassroomforgrouporindividualclasseval
uation,interestisveryhigh,suchas:ineachclass,eachquest
ionforevaluationofgroupsorindividualswillgivestudentsbr
ingcertainpromoteraction.Intheevaluation,thestudents''gen
eralinterestisveryhigh,thescoreisveryfocusongroupsor
individualsandcaremuchabout.Especiallythegiftafterevalua
tion,interest,thecharacteristicsofthechildarechildish,be
ttermarkstheoverjoyedwhencanimprovetheirabilitytocooper
ateandmorepersonalaccomplishment.Suchas:independentlearning,teamcooperation,thewholeclassshow,excellentperformance,classroomtest,intelligencevalue.Ineachevaluation,studentinterestishigh.Theselivelyandinterestingclass,whichisnotonlyausefulsupplementtotheclassroomteachingcontent,butalsoarousedthestudents''loveforChinesethiscourse,maketheminthelanguagethatasubject"lovestudy","happy",atthesametime,theirlanguageability,Chineseaccomplishmentinarelaxedandlivelyatmospherealsounconsciouslyimproved.Practicehasprovedthatthestudentslovethisclass,that''swhywecontinuetoexplore,thedirectionoftheeffortsinthefuture. |
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