第十四章旅游和交通Period语法宾语从句（Objectclause））概念：在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句
。在复合句中作主句谓语动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语。在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语。如：?Iknow
theman.主语谓语宾语而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语.如：?Iknowt
hatthemanisapoliceman.主句引导词从句三要素
引导词语序时态Ⅰ.引导词陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省
略。如：MyteachersaidIwasagoodboy.老师说我是个好男孩。Shedoesn’tk
now(that)sheisseriouslyill.她不知道她病得很严重Iamsure(that
)hewillsucceed.我相信他会取得成功。2.当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whethe
r引导，意为“是否”。如：IsJimagoodstudent?Idon’tknowIdon’tkn
owif/whetherJimisagoodstudent.(2)DoesKategetupearly?
Doyouknow?Doyouknowif/whetherKategetsupearly?注意：只能
用whether不用if的三种情况一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：①与o
rnot连用：HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.Letm
eknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.②在介词之后：Itdependsonwhe
theritisgoingtorain.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherf
eelings③在不定式之前：Wehaven’tdecidedwhethertogothere.
Idon’tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.3.如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用
原来的疑问词引导。如：1.Whatisshedoing?Canyoutellme?Canyoutellm
ewhatsheisdoing?2.Wheredoesshelive?Doyouknow?Doyou
knowwhereshelives?Ⅱ.宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序-句式连词语序例句陈述句that不变
Ithinkthatwecanbegoodfriends.一般疑问句if/whether改为陈述语序
Ican’trememberifIpostedtheletter.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词改为陈述语序He
askedwhowasourEnglishteacher.注意事项:当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who
作主语时，语序不变：What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?e
g:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisover
there?Ⅲ.宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是__
_______时态。如:Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetellu
swherewe’llgofishingtomorrow.DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmov
edhere?任何2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句必须用相应的____________时态。（一般过去时，过去
进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）例如：HetoldmethathewasborninBeijingin1
992.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.过去的某一种特殊情况
：1.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，任用现在时。如:Dadtoldusthatit
isbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandth
reeissix.Couldyoutellmewherethebookshopis.2.从句中有具体时
间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍然用一般过去时。如:Theteachertoldmeshewasbo
rnin1960.巩固练习:1）Ihope________itwillsnowthiswin
ter.A.WhenB.if C.whether D./2)—Idon’tknow________M
r.Greenwillcometoseeus.—HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.
why B.when C.how D.where3)Ican’tremember_Ihaveseenhim
before.whether B.why C.what D.how4)—Doyouknow_____？I’m
goingtoseehim.—Sorry，Idon’tknow.A.wheredoesMr.Lilive
B.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.Lilives D.whereMr.Lil
ived(D)(A)(A)(C)5)—Wheredoyouthink____he____thec
omputer？—Sorry，Ihavenoidea.A.／；bought B.has；boughtC.
did；buy D.does；buy6)Ican’tunderstand________helikescompu
tergamessomuch.that B.whether C.why D.where7)Doy
ouknow________theMP3playerlastweek?—Sorry，Ihavenoidea.
A.howmuchdidshepayforB.howmuchwillshepayforC.how
muchshepaidfor D.howmuchshewillpayfor8)Idon’tknow_
_______tomorrow.Canyoutellme?A.whenwestarted B.whendid
westartC.whenwewillstart D.whenwillwestart(A)(C)(
C)(C)9).Iwastold________BillGateswasthirteenhebegan
toplaywithcomputers.A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.
thatwhen10).—Iwonder________.—Zebras.A.whatdotheyca
lltheseanimalsB.howtheycalltheseanimalsC.whattheycallt
heseanimalsD.howdotheycalltheseanimals(D)(C)Therebe句
型的基本用法:某地/某时存在有某人/某物如:Thereisadeskandtwochairsinthero
om.2.Therearen''ttwochairsandadeskintheroom.(否定句)3.Isthereanythingwrongwithyourears?(Yes，thereis/No，thereisn''t.)4.Therewasn''tameetingyesterday,wasthere？Therebe句型的基本结构a/an+单数可数名词+地点状语Thereis不可数名词+地点状语Thereare+复数可数名词+地点状语 |
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