/tn/ written Britain certain frighten whiteness partner witness at
night startnow whatnext/dn/ hidden burden pardon wooden
sadness kidney goodnight rednose breadknife/tm/ exciteme
nt atmosphere abitmore whitemice eightmen/dm/
admitsadmusic agoodmany broadminded
button,garden,midnight,''Good''morning,sir.''Good''night.
a''good''motherHe''often''comes''homeat''midnight.Hehasal
''waysbeena''good''neighbor.Her''goodnesswasap''parentto''eve
ryone.舌边爆破爆破音[t][d][k]后面紧跟着的是舌侧音[l]时，这种辅音组合在语音学里叫做舌边爆破。/tl
/little battle settle cattlebottle/dl/
middle muddle model needleLately,badly,madly,recently,quick
lyIhavebeen''very''busy''lately.I''haven’t''seenhim''latel
y.Haveyoubeen''there''lately?He''slept''badly.His''footw
as''badly''hurt.I’vebeen''quite''badlyoff''recently.摩擦爆破?爆
破音后紧跟着的是摩擦音/f,v,?,e,s,z,∫,?,h/时，这种辅音组合在语音学里叫做摩擦爆破。ad''van
ceYoumust''payinad''vance.CanI''havean''advanceonmy''sa
lary?''Whatwouldyour''advice''beinthis''case?''Whatwouldyo
u''advisemeto''do.?''Keepthatin''mind.破擦爆破??爆破音后面紧跟着的是破擦音
/ts,dz,tr,dr,t∫,d?/时这种辅音组合在语音学里叫做破擦爆破。Picture,ObjectI
hadmy''picture''taken''yesterday.Doyouknow''howdoyou''draw
a''picture?You''shouldn’t''treatwomenlike''objects.He''stood
upand''objectedin''strong''language.pp:ripepearpb:soapbu
bblept:cuptie英国足球淘汰赛pd:deepdownpk:pipecleaner烟斗杆子pg:l
ampglass朗读下列句子，注意爆破bp:robPeterbb:rubbrisklybt:obtainbd
:cabdriverbk:Bobcamebg:describeGreentp:wetpainttb:p
ocketbooktt:fasttraintd:greatdealtk:notcleantg:whitego
osedb:cardboarddt:goodtimedd:fielddaydk:redcarddg:go
odgirlkp:silkpursekb:inkbottlekt:actorkd:publicduty
kk:blackcatkg:parkgategp:flagpolegb:dogbiscuitkg:pa
rkgategp:flagpolegb:dogbiscuitgt:ragtimegd:digdown
gk:eggcupgg:biggirl句子意群句子意群是指句子中按意思和语法结构划分出的各个成分，每一个成分即称为
一个意群。意群可以用“l”符号表示。在说话和朗读时，意群的作用是：如果感到句子很长，一口气说不下来，可以在意群和意群
之间有一个很短的停顿（换气）。正确的停顿应该在意群和意群之间。同一个意群内不应停顿。意群之间的停顿不是固定的，而是灵活的
。可以按照个人的需要，可停顿也可不停顿，可多停顿也可少停顿。Note意群是根据语义、语法和语调来划分的。从语义和语法上讲，
意群必须是表达某种意义的一个（组）词、一个短语、一个分句、一个主句或者从句。从语调上说，意群必须是可以用降调、声调或平调来朗读的
一个语调单位。NoteBefore1949,IusedtoliveinHongKongandworked
asateacher.三个意义单位，三个语法单位，三个语调单位。Bythetimehearrived/he
wascompletelyexhausted.WhenIleaveBeijing/Iwillleave/wi
thveryfondmemories/ofthecityandit''speople/andwithan
increasedknowledgeofChina.E.g.Readingaloud/isveryimpor
tant/forbeginners.Earlytobed/andearlytorise/makesa
man/healthy,happy,andwise.Jane,/who’sabrilliantswimm
er,/representedBritain/attheOlympicGames.Afterhetook
hisbath,/hedressedinahurry,/rantocatchthebus,/and
gottohisappointment/beforeitwastoolate.AnimalInstincts
Georgeisayoungman.Hedoesnothaveawife,buthehas
averybigdog—andhehasaverysmallcartoo.Helikesplayin
gtennis.LastMondayheplayedtennisforanhourathisclub,
andthenheranoutandjumpedintoacar.Hisdogcameafterhi
m,butitdidnotjumpintothesamecar;itjumpedintothenex
tone."Comehere,sillydog!"Georgeshoutedatitbutth
edogstayed/intheothercar.Georgeputhiskeyintothel
ockofthecar,butthekeydidnotturn.Thenhelookedatthec
aragain.Itwasnothis!Hewasinthewrongcar!Andthedogwa
sintherightone!"He''ssittingandlaughingatme!"Georgesai
dangrily.Butthenhesmiled/andgotintohiscarwiththedog.
ExercisesAnimalInstinctsGeorgeisayoungman.Hedoesno
thaveawife,/buthehasaverybigdog/—andhehasaverys
mallcartoo.Helikesplayingtennis.LastMonday/heplayedte
nnis/foranhour/athisclub,andthenheranout/andjumpe
dintoacar.Hisdogcameafterhim,/butitdidnotjumpinto
thesamecar;/itjumpedintothenextone."Comehere,/si
llydog!“/Georgeshoutedatit/butthedogstayed/intheot
hercar.Georgeputhiskey/intothelockofthecar,/but
thekeydidnotturn.Thenhelookedatthecaragain.Itwasno
this!Hewasinthewrongcar!Andthedog/wasintherighton
e!"He''ssitting/andlaughingatme!"Georgesaidangrily.But
then/hesmiled/andgotintohiscar/withthedog.朗读下列短语，注
意连读ablock_offlatsthecorner_ofthest
reetatin_ofpeasthetop_ofthemoun
tainapiece_ofcakein_aforeigncountry
aglass_ofwateran_instantsuccessa
cup_ofteasuch_ashorttimenicec
lear_airsend_itbymailan_Englishg
irlwait_amomentanice_idea
alot_ofnoiseavisitto_India
once_in_awhilean_apology
awaste_oftimemade_up_of
not_intheleastin_AmericaWar
_andPeaceout_ofdateOut_ofAf
ricawait_andseeDeath_ontheNile
have_arestTheWizard_ofOz
Alice_inWonderlandtime''s_up
amother_ofthreeCat_onaHotTinRoofWe’r
egoingtoworkonafarmnex(t)Tuesday.Whatwouldyoulike,h
o(t)teaorbla(ck)coffee?It’saverycol(d)day,butit’sago
o(d)day.Youcanputi(t)downinthebi(g)garden.Iboughta
chea(p)book,butit’sagoo(d)book.Iwen(t)therealonea(t)
ninelas(t)night.-Doyouknowhisbi(ke)number?-Sorry,Id
on’(t)know.Theforty-firs(t)lessonisqui(te)difficult.He
needsaloto(f)money.朗读下列句子，注意连读朗读下列文章，注意连读一个英文单词如果由多个音
节构成，那么其中至少有一个音节是重音；如果，音节足够多的话，那么可能还有次重音以及一个以上的重音。同样的道理，一个句子
由多个单词构成，那么，其中总是有至少一个单词被强读，而相对来看，其它的单词会被弱读。弱读弱读的规则一般是：元音音节弱化成[?
]或[i]。如下几个单词：at,of,the,to,as,than,and,or,his,a,an,b
ut,been,for,her,we,be,shall,was,them,弱读的频率达到90％，其中a,an,
the,than极少用强式。查字典会发现这些词都至少有两种读音，如for:重读时[f?:],弱读时[f?]；as的强
读形式是/?z/，弱读形式是/?z/。Note大多助动词、系动词、介词、连词、冠词、代词，都有两种发音形式：强读式、弱读式
。这些单词往往都是单音节单词。Note1）弱读形式和强读形式各自的元音不同。2）弱读音节中常常省略了某一个音。弱读与
强读的区别如果一个单词被强读，那么这个单词中的：长元音会被读的很清楚，并且显得更长一些；双元音会被读的很饱满，并且显得很
有弹性；落在重音上的短元音都会显得更长一些；重音所在的音节可能带着不同的语调（升调、降调、降升调）……如果一个单词被
弱读，那么这个单词中的：长元音会变得短一些（几乎与短元音的长度相当）；重音音节会变得与非重音音阶一样轻；很多元音都会发生
变化，向/?/靠拢；轻辅音/s/、/t/、/k/、/f/之后的元音/?/可能会直接被省略掉……弱读的形式1.大多数有弱
读形式的单词中，元音都变成了/?/；at/?t/;as/?z/;had/h?d/；must
/m?st/2．有少数几个单词的弱读形式变成了／i/；be/i/；been/bin/；me/mi/；t
he/ei/3.有时，一些常用词的弱读形式中省略了一个元音。am/m/；has/z/；have/v/；
is/z/4.有时，一些常用的弱读形式中省略了一个辅音。and/?n/；have/?v/；wo
uld/?d/；her/?:/要在连贯说话中应用弱读形式，不是懂得了道理就能学会的，也不是一朝一夕就能掌握的，需要通过大
量的模仿和练习才能学好。1)to/t?/but/b?t/IwanttocomebutIc
an''t.2)and/?nd/He''srichandfamous.3)than/e?n/
/en/Betterthanthat.He''solderthansheis.4)but
/b?t/Shewantstosingbutshecan''t.5)such/s?t∫/
Wehaveproblems,suchaspollution.朗读下列句子，注意弱读6)some/s?m
/Therearesomecopieshere.7)any/?ni/Therearen''t
anymore.8)he/hi/Doeshewantany?9)her/h?/I
''vemethermother.10)him/im/TellhimI''dliketo.11
)them/e?m//em/Ihaven''tseenthemyet.12)you/j?/
Whatdoyouthink?13)your/j?/Takeyourtime.14)us/?s
/Letusthinkitover.15)that/e?t/Thisisthehous
ethatJackbuilt.16)at/?t/Atleastone.17)for/f?/
It''sforyou.18)from/fr?m/HecomesfromEngland.19)
of/?v/I''dloveacupoftea.20)to/t?/Yououghtt
ogo.21)an/?n/I''dlikeanapple.22)the/e?//ei/T
hat''stheone.23)am/m/I''mgoingnow.24)are/?/
Whereareyougoing?25)is/z//s/He''shere.Myhati
shere.26)was/w?z/Washethere?27)were/w?/Wewe
reverypleased.28)have/h?v/,/?v/,/v/They''veleft.
Haveanybeenlost?29)had/h?d/,/d/Theyhadbetterhur
ry.30)has/?z/Whathashedone?Hehasjustarrived.
31)do/du/,/d?/Doyouthinkso?32)does/d?z/When
doesheleave?33)can/k?n/,/kn/Canyouhearme?34)could
/k?d/Couldyoudoitnow?35)should/∫?d/Howshould
Iknow?36)there/e?/Thereisnothingleft.Thereare
notenough.37)shall/??l,?l/HowshallIdolikethat?
38)when/w?n/Herparentshadbeendeadwhenshewasachi
ld.39)will/?l,l/Hewillgobackhometomorrow.40)wou
ld/w?d,?d,d/Hewouldbehappyifhehadpassedtheexam.
失去爆破不完全爆破爆破辅音发音分类按发音方法可分为：爆破音：[p][b][t][d][k][g]摩擦
音：[f][v][?][?][θ][e][s][z][h]破擦音：[t?][?][ts][dz][t
r][dr]鼻音：[m][n][?]舌侧音：[l]卷舌音：[r]半元音：[w][j]当一个爆破音后面紧跟着另
一个爆破音时，前面的爆破音不发生爆破。方法是：对于前一个爆破音，只作发音的姿势，刚要发出时，立即发出第二个爆破音。这种现象叫做失去
爆破。失去爆破爆破音+爆破音（爆破音：/p,b,t,d,k,g/）whattime/`w?tta
im/??goodbye/,gud`bai/??bedtime/`bedtaim/??bigkite
/`big`kait/形式大声朗读双爆破音失去爆破kept??blackboard??notebook?Goo
dbyeMy''father''kept''workingtill''midnight.Please''writethe
''answeronthe''blackboard.''Writethe''answerinyour''noteboo
k.I''dliketo''say''goodbyeto''everyone.Hehasa''bad''coldt
o''day.Youshould''take''careofthe''children.''Gladto''meet
you.1.book-keeper2.handbag3.blackboard4.September5.sit
down6.usedto7.thattime8.aredcar9.Heusedtoswim.10
.Areyouusedtothefoodhere?11.Ihadabadcold.12.Iboug
htaredhandbag.13.Tommyisagoodbook-keeper.14.Helikest
otalkbig.15.Istoptoselecttheblackcarpass.16.Iexpect
tojointhefootballteam.当一个爆破音后面紧跟着一个摩擦音或破擦音时，前面的爆破音只作部分爆破。
方法是：对于前一个爆破音，作好发音的姿势，刚发出时，立即过渡到第二个摩擦音或破擦音上去。第一个爆破音发出的声音是非常轻微的，有时甚
至听不出来。这种现象叫做不完全爆破。不完全爆破爆破音+摩擦音或破擦音?（摩擦音：/f,v,?,e,s,z,
∫,?,h/）?（破擦音：/ts,dz,tr,dr,t∫,d?/）picture/`pikt∫
?/??bigjug/`big`d?Λ?/??goodchild/`gud`t∫aild/
??thatjoke/`e?t`d??uk/形式1爆破音+鼻辅音或舌边音?（鼻辅音：/m,n,?/
）（舌边音：/l/）goodmorning/`gud`m?:ni?/??bignation/`big`
nei∫?n/??madman/`m?d`m?n/??correctnote/k?`rekt`n?u
t/形式2AdvanceSuccessPictureObjectAgoodjobMybestfriend.
IfeelitThursdayHehasagoodjob.Tomismybestfriend.Ha
veyougotthat?HaveyouheardfromMary?I’mnotfeelingwell!
Hearrivedatschoolatnine!鼻腔爆破舌边爆破摩擦爆破破擦爆破不完全爆破鼻腔爆破?爆破
音[t][d]和鼻辅音[m]与[n][?]相邻，爆破音形成阻碍，发生不完全爆破，在词末必须通过鼻腔爆破。Language
ispower!语言就是力量！英语句子重音、语调、连读、弱读、爆破及意群句子重音MustIstickitonm
yself?MustI‘stickit‘onmy’self?MustI‘stickitonmy’self?
在连贯的话语中，不可能所有的词都同样重要，必然有些词较为关键，有些词则相对次要一些。一般来说，关键词需要重读，这就是句子重音，而
其他词则不必重读。名词、实义动词、形容词、副词、数词、指示代词、疑问词和感叹词等一般都重读。而冠词、介词、连词和一般性的代词则
不重读。Note‘What‘sthe‘matter?The‘sweateris‘beautiful.Your
‘bookisonthe‘desk.He‘started‘countingit.He‘usually‘get
supat‘sixo’clock.助动词、情态动词和be动词是否有句子重音？1.助动词、情态动词和be动词一般没有句
子重音，但在附加句中可以重读，在简答句中则必须重读：Hewon’tdoit,‘willhe?Noh
e‘won’t.Youcandoit,‘can’tyou?Yes,I‘can.Youweretr
ying,‘weren’tyou?Yes,I‘was.2.助动词、情态动词和be动词与not连成一词时要重读：
She‘doesn’t‘likethe‘weatherhere.I‘can’t‘speak‘French。T
hey‘aren’t‘waitingforus.He‘isn’tatech‘nician.3.be用在一般疑
问句句首时，重读与否均可：‘Ishea‘worker?Ishea‘worker?比较句中的重音在比较句
中，重音落在as或than后的代（名）词上：Thisisbetterthan‘that.Johnistaller
than‘Bill.She’sashappyasa‘lark.He’sasslyasa‘fox.逻辑重
音句子的重音总是要表现说话人的思想和他所要表达的意思的重点。有时为了强调，句子中几乎任何词都可以有句子重音，包括一些通常没有句子
重音的词，这种依说话者意图重读的音就是逻辑重音。Areyou‘angrywithme?Areyou‘angryw
ith‘me?Are‘you‘angrywithme?Didyoutellmy‘wife?Didyou
tell‘mywife?Did‘youtellmywife?We‘heard‘John‘talking.
We‘heardJohntalking.Weheard‘Johntalking.语调英语语调主要有降调、升调和
平调三大类。不同的语调可以表示说话人不同的态度和不同的隐含意思。英语中同一句话采用不同的语调会产生截然不同的语意概念。如“Ye
s”。语调具有强烈的感情色彩，它使语言更富有表现力。用于陈述句Ihavealreadyreadthatbook.
↘Thatstreetistwomileslong.↘用于特殊疑问句Whathashappenedto
him?↘Whichdirectionisittothepostoffice?↘注意：特殊疑问句有时可用升调
表示请别人重复刚说过的话：Whatisyourmajor?↗Whereshallwegoforthehol
iday?↗降调用于祈使句Gobacktoyourseat!↘Pleasedonothesitatet
ocontactme.↘用于感叹句Whatasmallworld!↘Oh!MypoorMathilde
,howyou’vechanged!↘用于选择疑问句中“or”之后的部分Doyouwanttorideor
walk?↘Wouldyoulikecoffeeortea?↘用于一般疑问句DoyoumindifI
sithere?↗Canyouhandinyourcompositionstoday?↗注意：一般疑问句有
时也可用降调，表示一种不耐烦的口气，或表示命令等。Areyousatisfied?↘Willyoutakeoff
yourhat,please?↘升调用于罗列中最后一项之前的各项Foreachincompletesentenc
e,therearefourchoicesmarkedA↗,B↗,C↗,andD.↘WestudyCh
inese↗,history↗,geography↗,andEnglish.↘用于陈述句，表示疑问、怀疑、未定
、猜测或期待等Yourreallywanttodoit?↗Shemighthavegone.↗Ithi
nkso.↗用于置于句首的状语短语或状语从句Afterdinner↗,Ireadamagazineandm
adetelephonecalls.↘Whileyouwerewritingletters↗,Iwasre
adingabook.↘用于并列句的第一个分句，表示句子还未说完Myfeverisgone↗,butIst
illhaveacough.↘MymajorisEnglish↗,andIlikeit.↘用于委婉祈
使句Excuseme,sir↗.Canyouhelpme?↗用于称呼语Mrs.Smith↗,this
isTomJones.↘用于直接引语后，表示话是谁说的“WearegoingtoFlorida,”shesa
idbrightly.→“Howdoyoufeel,boy?”Iaskedhim.→平调“连读”是在一个
意群内进行的，它是在说话较快时自然产生的一种语音连读现象。在同一意群中，前一词以辅音音素结尾，后一词以元音音素开头，在
说话或朗读句子时，习惯上很自然地将这两个音素合拼在一起读出来，这种语音现象叫连读。连读的条件：相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相
关，同属一个意群。连读如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。1.“辅
音+元音”comeoutlookattakeitoffbeatit
dropinputonbendoverkeepon
anorangereaditoneofushalfanhourstandup
putitonnotatallfirstofallacupofteat
akeiteasybackinaminuteinanhourpickitup
anhourandahalflethiminAgroupofpeopleput
ontheircoatsandwentout.i.英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音，如果前一个词是以辅音结尾，
后一个词是以半元音，特别是/j/开头，此时也要连读。Thank~you.ii.音的同化也是一种连读的现象，两
个词之间非常平滑的过渡，导致一个音受临音影响而变化。[t][d][s][z]+[j]要发生音变。2.“辅音+半元音
”辅音[t]与[j]相邻时，被同化为[t∫]：[t]+[j]→[t?]Nicetomeet~you.Can
’t~youdoit?I’lllet~youknow.Isthat~yourcar?No,not~yet.辅
音[d]与[j]相邻时，被同化为[dЗ]：[d]+[j]→[dЗ]Did~yougettherelate~aga
in?Would~youlike~acup~oftea？Could~youhelpme,please?辅音
[s]与[j]相邻时,被同化为[∫]：[s]+[j]→[?]Godbless~you.Can~youdres
s~yourself?Imiss~you.辅音[z]与[j]相邻时,被同化为[З]：[z]+[j]→[З]H
owwas~yourvacation?Hesays~you’regood.如果前一个词以元音结尾，后一个词以元音开头，
这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。Do~I?You’re[ju?]so~honest.I~amChinese
.He~isveryfriendlytome.Shewantstostudy~English.How~a
ndwhydidyoucomehere?Shecan’tcarry~it.It’lltakeyouth
ree~hourstowalkthere.Thequestionistoo~easyforhimtoans
wer.3.“元音+元音”爆破音/p/，/b/，/t/，/d/，/k/，/g/和摩擦音/f/，/v/，/W/,其中任意2个
相临时，前一个音会轻音化，即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势，稍做停顿后即发后面的音。如果这些音在词尾，也要轻音化。Si(t
)downcontac(t)lensDa(d)told)megoo(d)nightThegirlinthe
re(d)coatwasonabla(ck)bikejus(t)now.Thebi(g)busfrom
thefa(c)toryisfullofpeople.Wha(t)timedoeshegetupeve
rymorning?Thisisanol(d)pi(c)tureofabi(g)car.Theol(d
)do(c)torhasaca(t),too.4.“辅音+辅音”如果前词尾辅音与后词尾辅音相同，前辅音省略。Iwas×sohappy.Ihavegot×togo.→Ihavegottago.(to轻音化为ta)Do~youwant×todance?→doyouwannadance?(to轻音化为na)Note以辅音结尾的单词+h开头的单词，h不发音，与前面的辅音连读。Tell~herImiss~her.Whatwil(lhe)[wili]do?Ha(she)[zi]done~itbefore?Mus(the)[ti]go?Canhe[ni]doit?Shouldhe[di]….?Tellhimtoaskher….Lea(vehim)[vim].Note5.“/r/+元音”如果前一个词是以-r或-re结尾，后一个词是以元音开头，这时的r或re不但要发/r/,而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。farawayafterallforeverapairofourownthereisforexampleAfterall,thisisourownhome.Thereisafootballunderit.Therearesomebooksonthedesk.Hereisaletterforyou.Herearefoureggs.如果一个音节的前后都有字母r，即使后面的词以元音开头，也不能连读。NoteTheblackcloudsarecomingnearerandnearer.（nearer与and不可连读）当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时，意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现，也不可连读。Is~ita~hatoracat?（hat与or之间不可以连读）There~is~agoodbookinmydesk.（book与in之间不可以连读）Canyouspeak~EnglishorFrench?（English与or之间不可以连读）Shallwemeetat~eightortentomorrowmorning?（meet与at，eight与or之间不可以连读）Sheopenedthedoorandwalked~in.（door与and之间不可以连读）不可连读的情况 |
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