CriticalReasoning什么是逻辑？逻辑的本质？CR实战情况时间要求最终目标值=2min/题考试标配共考察9-
10个问题，其中weaken题型最常考题型?有结论：support/weaken/assumption/eval
uatetheargument/boldface…?无结论：mustbetrue/resolvethep
aradox兑分能力SC＞RC＞CR授课思路Step1：了解逻辑“潜规则”▋题干▋正确答案Step2
：讲解科学/正确处理题干的方法▋简化信息▋提取逻辑链Step3：解题技巧、区分有关无关选项了解逻辑潜规则题干：
不要质疑题干给出逻辑链的工稳性正确答案：正确答案一定是作用于逻辑链做题步骤Step1：Readthestimulusv
erycarefully→结论→逻辑链Step2：看问题→预测方向Step3：Readtheansw
ercarefullyandtesttheanswer（eliminatewrongtoright）科学处理题干
的方法Adrugthatishighlyeffectiveintreatingmanytypesofinfe
ctioncan,atpresent,beobtainedonlyfromthebarkoftheibor
a,atreethatisquiterareinthewild.Ittakesthebarkof5,
000treestomakeonekilogramofthedrug.Itfollows,therefore
,thatcontinuedproductionofthedrugmustinevitablyleadtot
heibora’sextinction.如何辨别背景信息OR前提？1.Aconservationgroupinth
eUnitedStatesistryingtochangethelong-standingimageofba
tsasfrighteningcreatures.Thegroupcontendsthatbatsarefea
redandpersecutedsolelybecausetheyareshyanimalsthatarea
ctiveonlyatnight.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldcastt
hemostseriousdoubtontheaccuracyofthegroup’scontention?(
A)Batsaresteadilylosingnaturalroostingplacessuchascaves
andhollowtreesandarethusturningtomoredevelopedareasfo
rroosting.(B)Batsarethechiefconsumersofnocturnalinsects
andthuscanhelpmaketheirhuntingterritorymorepleasantfor
humans.(C)Batsareregardedasfrighteningcreaturesnotonlyin
theUnitedStatesbutalsoinEurope,Africa,andSouthAmerica.
(D)Raccoonsandowlsareshyandactiveonlyatnight;yetthey
arenotgenerallyfearedandpersecuted.(E)Peopleknowmoreabou
tthebehaviorofothergreatlyfearedanimalspecies,suchasli
ons,alligators,andsnakes,thantheydoaboutthebehaviorofb
ats.核心思考过程正确答案的特征是？前提→结论前提→结论前提→结论2.Inthelas
tdecadetherehasbeenasignificantdecreaseincoffeeconsumpt
ion.Duringthissametime,therehasbeenincreasingpublicityab
outtheadverselong-termeffectsonhealthofthecaffeineinco
ffee.Therefore,thedecreaseincoffeeconsumptionmusthavebee
ncausedbyconsumers’awarenessoftheharmfuleffectsofcaffei
ne.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslycallsintoque
stiontheexplanationabove?Onaverage,peopleconsume30percent
lesscoffeetodaythantheydid10yearsago.(B)Heavycoffeedr
inkersmayhavemildwithdrawalsymptoms,suchasheadaches,for
adayorsoaftersignificantlydecreasingtheircoffeeconsumpti
on.(C)Salesofspecialtytypesofcoffeehaveheldsteadyassal
esofregularbrandshavedeclined.(D)Theconsumptionoffruitj
uicesandcaffeine-freeherbalteashasincreasedoverthepastd
ecade.(E)Coffeepricesincreasedsteadilyinthepastdecadebec
auseofunusuallyseverefrostsincoffee-growingnations.什么时候新信息
可以理解为有关？什么时候新新信息理解为无关？结合CDE选项考虑Adrugthatishighlyeffectivein
treatingmanytypesofinfectioncan,atpresent,beobtainedon
lyfromthebarkoftheibora,atreethatisquiterareinthew
ild.Ittakesthebarkof5,000treestomakeonekilogramofthe
drug.Itfollows,therefore,thatcontinuedproductionofthedr
ugmustinevitablyleadtotheibora’sextinction.Whichofthef
ollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyweakenstheargumentabove?The
drugmadefromiborabarkisdispensedtodoctorsfromacentral
authority.(B)Thedrugmadefromiborabarkisexpensivetoprod
uce.(C)Theleavesoftheiboraareusedinanumberofmedical
products.(D)Theiboracanbepropagatedfromcuttingsandgrown
undercultivation.(E)Theiboragenerallygrowsinlargelyinac
cessibleplaces.BE选项为什么可以被排除？结合D选项考虑4.Manyindustrializednatio
nsaretryingtoreduceatmosphericconcentrationsofcarbondiox
ide,agasreleasedbytheburningoffossilfuels.Oneproposal
istoreplaceconventionalcement,whichismadewithcalciumcar
bonate,byanew“ecocement.”Thisnewcement,madewithmagnesiu
mcarbonate,absorbslargeamountsofcarbondioxidewhenexposed
totheatmosphere.Therefore,usingeco-cementfornewconcrete
buildingprojectswillsignificantlyhelpreduceatmosphericconc
entrationsofcarbondioxide.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mos
tstrengthenstheargument?(A)Thecostofmagnesiumcarbonate,
currentlygreaterthanthecostofcalciumcarbonate,probablywi
llfallasmoremagnesiumcarbonateisusedincementmanufacture
.(B)Eco-cementisstrengthenedwhenabsorbedcarbondioxiderea
ctswiththecement.(C)Beforethedevelopmentofeco-cement,ma
gnesium-basedcementwasconsideredtoosusceptibletowatereros
iontobeofpracticaluse.(D)Themanufactureofeco-cementuse
sconsiderablylessfossilfuelperunitofcementthanthemanuf
actureofconventionalcementdoes.(E)Mostbuilding-industrygr
oupsareunawareofthedevelopmentoravailabilityofeco-cement
.TheEurasianruffe,afishspeciesinadvertentlyintroducedinto
NorthAmerica''sGreatLakesinrecentyears,feedsontheeggso
flakewhitefish,anativespecies,thusthreateningthelakes''n
aturalecosystem.Tohelptracktheruffe''sspread,governmentag
encieshaveproducedwallet-sizedcardsabouttheruffe.Thecard
scontainpicturesoftheruffeandexplainthedangertheypose;
thecardsalsorequestanglerstoreportanyruffetheycatch.Wh
ichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldprovidemostsupportforthe
predictionthattheagencies''actionwillhaveitsintendedeffe
ct?(A)Theruffehasspinyfinsthatmakeitunattractiveasprey
.(B)Ruffegenerallyfeedatnight,butmostrecreationalfishin
gontheGreatLakesisdoneduringdaytimehours.(C)Mostpeople
whofishrecreationallyontheGreatLakesareinterestedinthe
preservationofthelakewhitefishbecauseitisahighlyprized
gamefish.(D)Theruffeisoneofseveralnonnativespeciesint
heGreatLakeswhoseexistencethreatensthesurvivaloflakewhi
tefishpopulationsthere.(E)Thebaitthatmostpeopleusewhenf
ishingforwhitefishontheGreatLakesisnotattractivetoruff
e.BE选项是相反还是无关？6.Toreducethedangertolifeandpropertyposed
bymajorearthquakes,scientistshavebeeninvestigatingseveral
techniquesforgivingadvancewarningofdangerousearthquakes.
Sincecatfishswimerraticallybeforeearthquakes,someinvestig
atorshaveproposedmonitoringcatfishtopredictdangerousearth
quakes.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslyundermines
theusefulnessoftheproposal?(A)InJapan,whichissubjectto
frequentearthquakes,thebehaviorofcatfishhaslongbeenasso
ciatedwithearthquakes.(B)Mechanicalmethodsfordetectingeart
hquakeshavenotprovedeffective.(C)Tremorsleadtotherelease
ofhydrogensulfidegasintowater,therebycausingvariousfish
andshellfishtobehaveerratically.(D)Carefulconstructioncan
reducethedangersposedbyearthquakes.(E)Evenveryslight,fl
eetingtremorscausecatfishtoswimerratically.范围精准的把握范围快速地区分有关
/无关1.Parland’salligatorpopulationhasbeendeclininginrece
ntyears,primarilybecauseofhunting.Alligatorspreyheavilyo
naspeciesoffreshwaterfishthatishighlyvaluedasfoodbyP
arlanders,whohadhopedthatthedeclineinthealligatorpopula
tionwouldleadtoanincreaseinthenumbersofthesefishavail
ableforhumanconsumption.Yetthepopulationofthisfishspeci
eshasalsodeclined,eventhoughtheannualnumbercaughtforhu
manconsumptionhasnotincreased.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue
,mosthelpstoexplainthedeclineinthepopulationofthefish
species?(A)Thedeclineinthealligatorpopulationhasmeantth
atfisherscanworkinsomepartsoflakesandriversthatweref
ormerlytoodangerous.(B)Overthelastfewyears,Parland’scommercialfishingenterpriseshaveincreasedthenumberoffishingboatstheyuse.(C)Themainpredatorofthesefishisanotherspeciesoffishonwhichalligatorsalsoprey.(D)ManyParlanderswhohuntalligatorsdosobecauseofthehighmarketpriceofalligatorskins,notbecauseofthethreatalligatorsposetothefishpopulation.(E)InseveralneighboringcountriesthroughwhichParland’sriversalsoflow,alligatorsareatriskofextinctionasaresultofextensivehunting. |
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