一般现在时的两层含义经常发生的动作或存在的状态Igotoschoolbybike我骑车上学Itisveryho
t.天很热客观事实或普遍真理Thesunrisesintheeast.太阳从东升起易错点:上下文用过去时,
表示客观真理仍然要用一般现在时Hesaidthattheearthisround.他说地球是圆的一般现在时
陈述句基本结构陈述句Be动词类(状态)行为动词类(动作)IamHe/she/it(单)+isYou/they/we
(复)+are主(复)+v(原)Theylikegame.主(单)+VsHelikesgame.一般疑问句的
基本结构Heisastudent.Isheastudent?行为动词分清单复数Theylikegame
.Dotheylikegame?Helikesgame.Doeshelikegame?一、写出下列动
词的第三人称单数drink______go_______stay____make______look__
____have_______pass_____carry____二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heofte
n________(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_______(be)
inClassOne.3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick____
___(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5.______they________(like)t
heWorldCup?6._______yourparents______(read)newspapers
everyday?7.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.
8.SheandI________(take)awalktogetherevery
evening。三、按照要求改写句子1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________2.Idomyh
omeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_______________________________
_________________________3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_____
______________________?4.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)
___________________________________________________四、改错(划出错误的地
方，将正确的写在横线上)1.Is??yourbrotherspeakEnglish?????____________
______2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing???????________________
_3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.???_________________4.M
r.WuteachsusEnglish.????????__________________5.Shed
on’tdoherhomeworkonSundays._______________现在进行时通常表示说话时或现
阶段正在发生或进行着的动作。它所表示的动作具有持续性、暂时性和未完成性。常见的与现在进行时有关的词有：now,theseda
ys,look,listen等。基本结构肯定句否定句一般疑问句Iamworking.Weareworkin
g.I’mnotworking.We’renotworking.AmIworking?Areweworki
ng?Youareworking.Youaren’tworking.Areyouworking?Theyar
eworking.Theyaren’tworking.Aretheyworking?SheHeisw
orking.ItSheHeisn’tworking.ItsheIsheworking
?it动词加ing的变化规则1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2．以
不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3．假如末尾是一个元音字
母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing如：run-running,stop-stopping现在进
行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：run_______swim_______make______begin___
___go________like________??write______shop______have______si
ng??______dance______put________see_______love_______live
_______take________come_____??get_______stop_______sit_
_______二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.Theboy_________________(draw
)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls_____(sing)intheclassr
oom.3.Mymother________(cook)somenicefood??now.4.What_
____you______(do)now?5.Look.They__________(have)anE
nglishlesson.三、句型转换：1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和
否定句)____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________2．T
hestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_____
________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________一般过去时通常表示过去某
一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，其中也包括习惯性动作。常与表示过去的时间状语连用：yesterday,last…,…ago
,justnow,in1998等。基本结构肯定句否定句一般疑问句Iworked.Weworked.Id
idn’twork.Wedidn’twork.DidIwork?Didwework?Youworked.
Youdidn’twork.Didyouwork?Theyworked.Theydidn’twork.Did
theywork?SheHeworked.ItSheHedidn’twork.It
sheDidhework?it规则动词过去式加“ed”后的发音规则规则发音
例子清辅音后[t]askedfinishedhelpedpassed
reached浊辅音后[d]calledmovedwelcomed元音后[d]
borrowedenjoyed[t]音后面[id]wantedstarted[d]音后面
[id]neededPresentationGrammarBox动词过去式变化规则：1．一般在动词
末尾加-ed，如：work--worked,?2．结尾是e加d，如：live--lived3．末尾只有一个元音字
母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-如：stop-stopped?4．以“辅音字母y”结尾的，变y为i，
再加-ed，如：study-studied5．不规则动词过去式：?am、is-was,are-were,do
-didsee-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-gotgo-went,
come-came,have-had,eat-atetake-took,run-ran,sing-sang
,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,
drink-drank,swim-swam,sit-sat一、?用动词的适当形式填空1.It______(be
)Ben’sbirthdaylastFriday.2.Weall______(have)agoodtime
lastnight.3.He________(jump)highonlastSportsDay.4.H
elen________(milk)acowonFriday.5.Shelikes______newspap
ers,butshe_____abookyesterday.(read)6._______they_____
___(sweep)theflooronSunday?No,they_____.7.I_____
__(watch)acartoononMonday.一般将来时表示将来发生的动作或情况。常与一些表示将来的时间状语
连用：tomorrow,next…,Begoingtodo表示主体现在打算在最近或将来要做某事；也可以表示“预见”，即
现在已有迹象表明将要发生或即将发生某种情况。基本结构肯定句否定句一般疑问句I’mgoingtowork.We’r
egoingtowork.I’mnotgoingtowork.Wearen’tgoingtowork.
AmIgoingtowork?Arewegoingtowork?You’regoingtowork.Y
ouaren’tgoingtowork.Areyougoingtowork?They’regoingto
work.Theyaren’tgoingtowork.Aretheygoingtowork?SheHe
isgoingtowork.ItSheHeisn’tgoingtowork.Itshe
Ishegoingtowork?it练习：填空。1.??我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I___
_____haveapicnicwithmyfriends.2.?下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What
________________________________________nextMonday?
I__________________playbasketball.（同义句3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去
买一些水果。_____yourmother_________goshoppingthis_______?
Yes,she_________.She________________________buy
somefruit.4.你们打算什么时候见面。Whattime______you______________m
eet?1.?Todayisasunnyday.We__(have)apicnicthisafterno
on.2.?Mybrother_________(go)toShanghainextweek.3.Tomofte
n______________(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He___
___________(go)toschoolbybike.4.?Whatdoyouusuallydoat
weekends?Iusually________(watch)TVand___________(catch)in
sects?5.It’sFridaytoday.What_____she_________(do)th
isweekend?She_________(watch)TVand__________(catch)insec
ts.用所给词的适当形式填空Peter________(play)basketballtwiceaweek.2
.Doyoubelievewhathe________(say)justnow?3.Look!Thela
zycat____________(sleep)inthesofa.4.There_______(be)ab
ookandtwopensonthedesk.5.?_____you_______________(see)
afilmtomorrowmorning?6.She____________(notplay)theguita
ratthemoment.7.What______hisfatherusually_______(do)in
theevening?8.They______________(have)ameetingnextweek
,aren''tthey?9.BothheandI________(be)teachers.10.I
___________(notfeel)verywellyesterday.11.Heputonh
iscoatand_________(go)out.12.LeiFengoften____________(
help)othersandhewashelpful.NextSunday,we______________
_____(clean)upthepark.14.Hurry!Yourmother____________(w
ait)foryouattheschoolgate.summaryplayssaidissleeping
isAregoingtoseeisn’tplayingdoesdoaregoingtohaveare
didn’tfeelwenthelpsaregoingtocleaniswaiting六、介词介词在句子中
表示名词或代词等与其他词之间的关系。不能单独作句子成分，常位于名词或代词（或与之相当的其他词类、短语、从句）前面构成介词短语。
介词后面的成分作介词的宾语。方位介词in,on,at,under,to,behind,beside,near,
before,infrontof,nextto,between时间介词in,on,at,after,b
efore,from…to,past,between其它of,by,with,into,outof,f
or,Practise1.Look_____thepicture.It''spicture___myscho
ol.2.Thereisaschoolbuilding____myschool.Ithasfivefl
oors.______theschoolbuilding,thereisabigplayground._____
___school,thechildrenalwaysplayballgamesthere.3.Myclas
sroomis____thefifthfloor.It''sbigandclean.4.MissLiis
ourclassteacher.Shecomes______schoolearlyeverymorning.S
hecomes____bicycle.Thenshedoesmorningexercises______us.S
helikessports.Tomorrowisherbirthday.Wewillmakeacard__
_her.Weloveherverymuch.5.Therearesomeapples_____the
tree.atofinNearAfterontobywithforon七、数词表示数目的词称为
基数词表示数目顺序的词称为序数词1—12的基数词：one,two,three,four,five,six,sev
en,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve13—19的基数词：thirteen,fourte
en,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen20—90的基数词：
twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety21—
29的基数：twenty-one,twenty-two,twenty-three,twenty-four,twent
y-five,twenty-six,twenty-seven,twenty-eight,twenty-nine
thirty-nine,forty-eight,fifty-seven….-teen-ty十位数和个位数之间要加连字
符号“-”2.百位数：onehundred,twohundred,threehundred,fourhundr
ed…fivehundredandeight-six,sixhundredandninety-nine,seve
nhundredandeight,eighthundredandone3.千位数：onethousand,
fourthousand,seventhousandonehundredandfive百位数和十位数之间加and。
注意英语中没有“万”这个单位，所以常用thousand来表示。tenthousand,thirtythousand
,fifteenthousandonehundred,fivehundredandonethousandfou
rhundredandthirty-two小学英语小学英语小升初语法总复习汇总分类一、名词（可数名词和不可数名词
）二、人称代词三、冠词四、动词五、介词六、数词七、形容词和副词八、therebe结构九、句式1.肯定句2.
否定句3.疑问句4.祈使句十、时态：1.一般现在时2.一般过去时3.现在进行时4.一般将来时十一、“wh”
的特殊疑问句一、名词名词（表示人和事物名称的词）专有名词普通名词特定的人、地方、机构等专有的名称。第一个字母通常要大
写。e.g.JimGreen，NewYork，BankofChina，PekingUniversity星期、月
份、节日、学科、报刊名也是专有名词。个体名词——表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：student,desk集体名词——
表示若干个体组成的集合体，如：class,family物质名词——表示无法分为个体的物质名称，如：water,r
ice,sand，hair抽象名词——表示情感，状态，品质等抽象名称，如：love，carelessness个体名词
和集体名词多数可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词，有单、复数形式；物质名词和抽象名词通常无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词，一般只有一
种形式。英语语法中，只有可数名词才有复数形式。名词有两种数的形式：1）单数（表示一个人或事物）；2）复数（表示多于一个的人或
数）。名词的数：可数名词不可数名词chicken(鸡，一种动物)fish（鱼，一种动物）anicec
ream（一个冰淇淋）atomatosalad（一种西红柿沙拉）chicken（鸡肉）fish（鱼肉）icecream
（冰淇淋这一类）salad（沙拉这一类）名词复数形式的构成形式变化规则发音例词一般情况+s1.清辅音结尾的名词后
[s]2.浊辅音结尾的名词后[z]；3.元音结尾的名词后[z];books,cups,catsdogs,bird
s,armsdays,players以-s,-sh,-ch,-x,-z结尾的名词+es[iz]bus,bru
sh,boxes,watch,大多数以-o结尾的有生命名词+es[z]tomatoes,potatoes,heroe
s以o结尾的无生命名词+s[z]radios,pianos,photos以辅音字母加y结尾的名词把y改成i再加e
s[z]stories,families,babies以f和fe结尾的大多数名词把f或fe改成v再加es[z]
thieves,knives,wives不规则名词的复数由元音字母的变化构成：man-men,t
ooth-teeth,foot-feet,mouse-mice,woman-women2.有些名词的复数形式与单数的形
式一样：sheep羊,deer鹿,fish(但也可以是fishes)有些名词变成复数时加-en:
child-children,ox牛，公牛-oxenPractisepeach_______
桃子2.zoo_____动物园3.glass______玻璃，眼镜4.fox_____狐狸5.lady
_________ 女士 6.policewoman_________7.house__________房子8.ph
oto_______照片_9.monkey________猴子 10.wife_________妻子11.rose
_________玫瑰 12.path__________路径13.judge________法官14.map__
_________地图peacheszoosglassesfoxesladiespolicewomenhouses
photosmonkeyswivesrosespathsjudgesmaps二、人称代词和物主代人称主格宾格
复数形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称ImeWeMyMine第二人称youyouYouYoury
ours第三人称She/he/ithimTheyHer/his/itsHers/his/its复数weus\
ourours主格一般用在句子前面，宾格用在动词后面，IamLiLe.Callmelele.形容词性物主
代词指“某人的什么”，mybook(我的书),yourpuppy/p^pi/.(你的小狗)名词性人称代词指什么是“
某人的”Thisbookismine.(这本书是我的)Practise_______(他)ismybrother
.他是我的哥哥。2.Ihadaletterfrom__________(她).我收到了她的一封信。3.It’s
allright;it’sonly_________(我).好吧，只有我。4.Today________(我们)
wentin_________(我们的)car;tomorrow________(我们)aregoingin_
________(他们的).5.________(我)lend_________(我的)booksgladlyto
_______(我的)friendsandto________(你的).6.Canyouhelp_______
__(我)with________(我的)English.7.When________(你)gotosee__
_______(你的)father,pleasetakethesebooksto________(他).8.__
______(他们)found_______(它)difficulttolearnGerman.Heherme
weourwetheirsImymyyoursmemyyouyourhimTheyit所有格所有格
的形式单数人称名词末尾加’s child-child’s以-s结尾的单数人称名词末尾加’s waitress-waitr
ess’s不规则的复数人称名词末尾加’s children-children’s以-s结尾的复数人称名词末尾加’ girl
s-girls’以-s结尾的一些人名末尾加’s James-James’s下列情况一般用“of”结构：东西(没有现成的复
合名词时):thebookofthefilm2.东西的一部分:thebottomofthebox3.抽
象的概念:thepriceofsuccess4.当of短语中的名词被另一个短语或从句修饰时：Can’tyo
ulookatthebookoftheboybehindyou?双重’s结构也可以用于“of”结构之
后，如：afriendofmyfather’s,出现这种情况是因为在一个名词前通常只用一个限定词，又如：thiss
onofmine,afriendofyours,acousinofhers等等。Isn’tFranka
friendofyours?ThatsillyuncleofTom’shastoldmethesame
Jokefivetimes.冠词不定冠词a,an定冠词the只能用于单数可数名词之前单数可数名词复数可数名词
不可数名词零冠词名词前可不用冠词不定冠词的用法：表示“一”，“任何一个”或“不管哪一个”的意思。Ihavea
sisterandtwobrothers.2.在某些度量表示法中：WehavePElessonsth
reetimesaweek.3.用在单数的表语名词前，以表示职业、行业、宗教、等级等。Georgewants
tobeanengineer.4.在以what引导的感叹句中，单数的可数名词前。Whatapretty
girl!5.一些常用短语中。haveagoodtime,halfanhour,haveaheada
che….定冠词的用法：用来表示“独一无二”的意思。Thesunrisesintheeastandse
tsinthewest.2.表示“说话的人刚刚提到过的人或事物”。Thereisaboatinthe
river.Theboatismadeofwood.3.用在后面跟有限定性介词短语的名词前。thel
etterfromAmerica,thefourteenthofApril4.用在泛指的乐器名词前。He
playsthepiano.5.一些常用短语。bytheway,inthemorning,What
’sthematter?零冠词的用法：泛指的抽象名词前。Lifeisveryhardforsomepeople
.2.泛指的物质名词前。Waterisveryuseful.3.泛指的复数名词前。Booksaremybest
friends.4.泛指的“餐”名前。Cometohavedinner/breakfastwithme.5.大
多数的专有名词前。HecomesfromFrance.6.语言的名词前。ShecanspeakFrench.7.
在季节和节日的名词前。Winteristhebesttimeforskating.8.当名词前已有一些代词修饰时
。Mybrotherisasoldier.9.在体育项目的名词前。playbasketball10.一些常用短语
。athome,gotoschool,atnight1.Thereis_____notebookonm
ydesk.Iuse_____notebooktokeepadiary.2.Thereis______b
ottleonthetable._____waterinitissweet.3.Wang''smother
is______Englishteacher.Sheteachesin_____primaryschool.4.
Chinais______ancientcountrywith_____longhistory.5.Chi
nahas_____populationof12hundredmillion._____Chinesepeo
pleare_____greatpeople.6.Hermotheris_____universityte
acher.Sheis_____honestwoman.7.Noneof_____booksshouldbe
takenoutof_____roomwithout_____permissionof_____librar
ian.8._____Partyalwaysteachesustoworkfor_____peoplehea
rtandsoul.9.Shestudiesat____No.3MiddleSchool.Shegoes
to____schoolby____buseveryday.10.Myeldersisteris____
_studentof_____English.Shestudiesat_____college.Practis
eatheaTheantheanatheThe/aanthethethe/The///
//aa四、动词动词主要表示动作，其次表示状态或性质，有时态、语态、语气等形式的变化。小学阶段所涉及的
动词主要有：实义动词、be动词、情态动词can,must等。Be动词am,is,arewas,werebeenPr
actise1.He________verygoodatEnglish.2.MyfatherandI_
_______goingtoBeijingnextmonth.3.________youondutythe
daybeforeyesterday?4.Mr.King________inLondontwoweeks
ago.5.There________manykindsofanimalsinthezoo.6.Wha
t________thedateyesterday?7.Look!Alittlegirl________f
lyingakite.8.Who________notatschoollastMonday?9.Hav
eyouever________toJapan?10.I______notanurse.Iworkas
adoctor.isareWerewasarewasiswasbeenam动词的基本形式原形第三人称
单数现在式过去式过去分词现在分词studystudiesstudiedstudiedstudyingdodoe
sdiddonedoinghavehashadhadhavinglearnlearnslearned/lea
rntlearned/learntlearning第三人称单数现在式情况变化规则例词一般情况+sworks,l
earns,eats,needs,says结尾为s,x,sh,ch,o+espasses,washes,teach
es,goes,fixes结尾为辅音字母+y变y为i+escarries,studies,flies,hurrie
s,cries动词be和have的第三人称单数现在式分别是is和has。动词的过去式构成例词读音
在动词后加ed在以e结尾的动词后加ed在以辅音字母加y结尾的动词后，先变y为i再加ed在重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一
个辅音字母时，须双写这个辅音字母再加ed在清辅音后读[t]lookedwashedpassedhopedliked
stoppeddropped在元音和浊辅音后读[d]stayedcalledlivedstudiedtriedca
rriedplannedpreferred在辅音[t]、[d]后读[id]tastedneededadmittedp
ermitted现在分词情况变化规则例词一般情况+ingdoing,asking,helping以不发音的e结尾的动词去e加inghaving,taking,writing,living以重读闭音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ingrunning,swimming,putting,sitting原形第三人称单数现在式过去式现在分词havegivegetreadsweepplaycarryhashadhavinggivesgavegivinggetsgotgettingreadsreadreadingsweepssweptsweepingplaysplayedplayingcarriescarriedcarryingPractise五、动词的时态动词时态是表示动作或状态发生或存在的时间和表示方式的一种动词形式。小学阶段所学的时态有：一般现在时：work/works2.现在进行时：am/is/areworking3.一般过去时：worked4.一般将来时：am/is/aregoingtowork一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。常与时间副词连用：always,often,usually,every…,onSundays,twiceaweek等。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我天天六点起床。3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时一般现在时基本结构肯定句否定句一般疑问句Iwork.Wework.Idon’twork.Wedon’twork.DoIwork?Dowework?Youwork.Youdon’twork.Doyouwork?Theywork.Theydon’twork.Dotheywork?SheHeworks.ItSheHedoesn’twork.ItsheDoeshework?it小学英语小学英语 |
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