DOUBLEISSUEFEB.4/FEB.11,2019
BEYOND
WALLS
WHYTHEFORCES
OFGLOBAL
MIGRATION
CAN’TBE
STOPPED
ASPECIALREPORT
Albertina,27,andher
daughterYaquelin,11,
werereunitedafter
beingseparatedatthe
U.S.-Mexicoborder.
Theyareamongan
estimated3.1million
peopleseeking
asylumworldwide
time.com
insuranceandyoucouldsave.
geico.com|1-800-947-AUTO|LocalOffice
Somediscounts,coverages,paymentplansandfeaturesarenotavailableinallstates,inallGEICOcompanies,orinallsituations.BoatandPWCcoveragesareunderwrittenbyGEICOMarineInsuranceCompany.Homeowners,rentersandcondo
coveragesarewrittenthroughnon-af?liatedinsurancecompaniesandaresecuredthroughtheGEICOInsuranceAgency,Inc.MotorcycleandATVcoveragesareunderwrittenbyGEICOIndemnityCompany.GEICOisaregisteredservicemarkof
GovernmentEmployeesInsuranceCompany,Washington,DC20076;aBerkshireHathawayInc.subsidiary.?2018GEICO
VOL.193,NO.4–5|2019
Thousandsofmigrants,
mostlyfromCentral
America,spentweeks
inmakeshiftcamps
aroundTijuanain2018
4|FromtheEditorTheViewFeaturesTimeOff
6|FortheRecord
Ideas,opinion,CrossingBordersWhattowatch,read,
TheBriefinnovations?seeanddo
Theglobalmigrationboom:aspecialreport
NewsfromtheU.S.17|Adeteriorating93|Sevenshows
andaroundtheworldfederalworkforceByHaleySweetlandEdwards22aboutwomenmade
7|What’snextforputsAmericaatriskMappingtheFuturebywomenendthis
“theResistance”year.What’snext?
19|IanBremmeronAfieldguidetothefourthindustrialrevolution49
96|
9|PopularrevoltTunisia’sfalteringAJimmy
threatensSudan’sdemocracyHomecomingBreslindoc
dictator
20|TressieThefatherofmindfulnessreturns97|Television:
toVietnamtoawaitthenextlife
10|Trump’sartofMcMillanCottomRussianDolland
dealingwithNorthonwhatblackByLiamFitzpatrick84IAmtheNight
Korea’sKimJongUnwomenendurein
healthcareResurrectingChipotle98|Books:apoet’s
11|AnappreciationHowaformerTacoBellCEOlatestcollection;
ofpoetMaryOliverthesadthing
planstorevivethefresh-Mexchainaboutsex;and
12|TIMEwith...ByKatySteinmetz88seekingsolacein
TVhostMichaelVirginiaWoolf
Strahan
102|Music:
14|FormerMaggieRogers
U.S.Marineaccused
104|
ofespionageinaONTHE7Questions
MoscowcourtCOVERSforOjibwewriter
ANDABOVE:DavidTreuer
Photographs
byDavide
Monteleone
forTIME
TIME(ISSN0040-781X)ispublishedweekly,exceptfortwoskippedweeksinJanuaryandoneskippedweekinMarch,May,July,August,SeptemberandDecemberduetocombinedissuesby
TIMEUSA,LLC.PRINCIPALOFFICE:225LibertyStreet,NewYork,NY10281-1008.PeriodicalspostagepaidatNewYork,N.Y.,andadditionalmailingoffices.POSTMASTER:SendallUAAtoCFS
(SeeDMM507.1.5.2);Non-PostalandMilitaryFacilities:SendaddresscorrectionstoTimeMagazine,POBOX37508Boone,IA50037-0508.CanadaPostPublicationsMailAgreement#40069223.
BN#888381621RT0001.?2019TIMEUSA,LLC.Allrightsreserved.PrintedintheU.S.A.CUSTOMERSERVICEANDSUBSCRIPTIONS:For24/7service,pleaseuseourwebsite:www.time.com/myaccount.Youcan
alsocall1-800-843-8463orwriteTimeMagazinePOBox37508Boone,IA50037-0508.Reproductioninwholeorinpartwithoutwrittenpermissionisstrictlyprohibited.Yourbankmayprovideupdatestothecard
informationwehaveonfile.Youmayoptoutofthisserviceatanytime.XXXXXXX
3
FromtheEditor
Aworldinmotion
FORTHISWEEK’SCOVERPACKAGEONTHEMIGRA-
tionboom,TIMEreporterstraversedtheglobein-
terviewingrefugeesandimmigrants.Astheseinter-
nationalmigrantsfleewar,poverty,oppressionand
naturaldisastersinsearchofabetterlife,theyare
alsoupendingpoliticsandreshapingeconomiesin
thecountrieswheretheyarelanding.
Tohelptellthehumanstoriesthatcangetlostin
thislargerglobalshift,weturnedtophotographer
DavideMonteleone,whoshothissubjectsinfront
ofasimplewhitevinylbackdrop.“Eliminating
thedesperateconditionsinwhichmigrantsareBACKINTIME
generallydepictedallowstheviewertoreflectClockwisefrom
onthestoryoftheindividualratherthanthetopleft:The
stereotypicalideassurroundingthemigratoryevolutionof
experience,”Davidesaysofhisapproach.thecomputer,
asseenonthe
WealsoaskedmanyofthemigrantswemettocoversofTIME
illustratetheirjourney.Thedrawings,capturedin1950,1983,
inaTIMEvideothatyoucanseeatTIME.com/1965and1960
migrants,bringeachoftheirindividualstoriesto
life.AsDavidMaldonado,whoarrivedattheU.S.
borderinlate2018afterfleeinggangviolence
inHonduras,saysofhisdecisiontoventureinto
theunknown,“Ihavehadtoleavemyfamily,my
partner,myfather,whohasmadesacrifices.But
everythinginlifeneedssacrifice,andIhopetoGodcomputer“MachineoftheYear”for1982and
heallowsmetogettotheotherside.”heraldedthedawnofanewera.Aboutthatera,
wenailedsomepredictions(a“TVsethunglike
LIKETHEMASSIVEMOOVEMENTofflpeopleacrossapictituree,”solarheating,autonomouscars)—and
borders,newtechnologgiesarereshapingourworldcalledottherswrong(likeclothes“whiskedspotless
inpowerfulways.Thisissueincludesanin-depthultrasonnically”).Butthesharpesteyeoftheperiod
exploration—createdinnpartnershipwiththeWorldbelongedtoBorisArtzybasheff,oneofthemost
EconomicForum—onthewonder,fear,upheavalprolificccoverartistsinTIME’shistory,whoas
andopportunitythatthhesetechnologieshaveearlyas11950sawrightthroughthethirdindustrial
sparked.revolutionandintothefourth.
AsarelativeyoungstteramonglegacyOurspecialsectiononthefourthindus-
publicationsliketheWaallStreetJournaltrialrevolutionrdivesintoquestionslikelyto
(1889)andtheNewYorkTimes(1851),definneourera—andthenext:Willunprec-
96-year-oldTIMEwasnn’taroundtocovertheedentedglobalconnectivity,automation
firstorsecondindustriaalrevolution,inwhichandartificialintelligenceleadtoafutureof
steamandthenelectriciitytransformedunemployment,nmisinformationandclass
theworld’seconomies.Butwewereearlywarfare—aor,harnesseddifferently,tomore
tothethird,theoneledbymicrochipsemmpowerment,creativityandsustainability?
andsoftware,andstayedonitforhalf
acentury,perhapsmosttfamouslyinEdwardFelsenthal,
apiece(written,ironicaally,ona15-year-EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
oldRoyal440typewriteer)thatnamedthe@EFELSENTHAL
TALKTOUS▽
▽BackIssuesContactusathelp.single@customersvc.
SENDANEMAIL:FOLLOWUS:ReprintsandPermissions
letters@time.comfacebook.com/timecomorcall1-800-274-6800.
@timeInformationisavailableattime.com/reprints.To
Pleasedonotsendattachments(TwitterandInstagram)requestcustomreprints,visittimereprints.com.
AdvertisingForadvertisingratesandoureditorial
calendar,visittimemediakit.com.SyndicationForPleaserecyclethis
internationallicensingandsyndicationrequests,visitmagazineandremove
Lettersshouldincludethewriter’sfullname,addressandhomeinsertsorsamples
telephoneandmaybeeditedforpurposesofclarityandspacetimeinc.com/syndication.beforerecycling
4TIMEFebruary4–11,2019
各位会员：
我们推出杂志众筹订阅的目的是为了方便大家，旨在帮助大家节约订阅成本，节
省寻找时间。杂志仅供自己阅读学习，禁止任何形式的分享传播！
现作以下说明：
1、杂志众筹VIP目前只通过个人如下2个微信号进行：
微信号1：psyranwaikan微信号2：Magazine_9500
其他任何途径（淘宝、微店、QQ、微博或其他任意微信号等）都属于假冒，本
人没有淘宝和微店，因为电子类读物做淘宝和微店很容易被封店处罚，原因你懂
的。据观察所知，此类店铺少则数天，多则半年就会被查封。这也是为什么淘宝
上几乎搜不到电子版外刊的原因，即使能搜到，也是刚开的寥寥数家，三五个宝
贝而已，已经在被封的路上。我们现在没有淘宝，以后也不会有。
2、如果你是通过上述微信加入VIP的，首先恭喜你选择了正式途径！
3、如果你是通过其他任何收费途径获取到该杂志或该网盘分享的，很遗憾你误
选择了李鬼。可能在一段时间内你获得的权益和其他VIP会员相同（其实更新速
度根本跟不上我们，也更不会有我们提供的大量福利），但是必定不能长久。我
们近期正在利用深度路由追踪技术和网络云盘分享的蚁群算法清查假冒和倒卖
行为，一经查出即取消所有权限。如果你是从假冒和倒卖者那里获取到的VIP权
限，请尽快联系你的无良卖家申请退款，不要轻信这种道德素质低下人的更新
保证，他们随时都会消失，请大家尽快发起维权。也请联系我们，进行确认后，
我们会妥善把你注册为正式VIP会员，以保障自己的正当权益。
4、如已是VIP会员，遇到网盘分享链接失效或其他任何问题，请联系当时参与
众筹的微信号。
5、再次强调我们的众筹内容是100多种英文原版外刊和30多种中文杂志持续永
久更新，一次性付费188元，即可终身订阅所有杂志，享受所有福利。众筹目前
已经六年。如果你非VIP会员，无意中看到此说明，并对我们的杂志众筹VIP有
兴趣，请添加微信号psyranwaikan咨询办理。
祝大家阅读愉快！
CIALL
FIY
F
O
D
AE
DowntownHavana-CallforyourFreeCruiseGuide!PPROV
ThemostcomprehensiveCubaexperience
Bethefirsttoexperiencethecaptivatingheritageofthisfascinatingislandnationonourexclusive11-night
CubaCulturalVoyage.Relaxasyoucruiseaboardthemostmodernsmallcruiseship,PearlMist.Ledbyour
expertguides,explorecelebratedcities,quaintvillages,andbeautifulnationalparksinexceptionalcomfort.
Pearl
Seas
Cruises?
11-NIGHT
HavanaCRUISE
Trinidad
Casilda
Cienfuegos
ElCobre?
SantiagoExploreWell
Callfora
FREECruiseGuide1-888-594-9673PearlSeasCruises.com
FortheRecord
‘I’ma‘I’venever
criminalseenjumps
lawyer.Iinsomeofthe
amnotan‘THIRTYkeyindicators
likethis.’
ethicist.’
ANTHONYLEISEROWITZ,
RUDYGIULIANI,legaladviserdirectoroftheYaleProgram
toPresidentTrump,totheonClimateChange
NewYorker,onwhetheritYEARSISACommunication,afterasurvey
wouldbe“problematic”ifshowedasignificantspikein
TrumphadbeeninvolvedinthepercentageofAmericans
discussionsofaMoscowworriedaboutclimatechange
realestateprojectduring
hiscampaignwithout
theknowledgeofthe
AmericanpeopleLONGTIME,
‘It’stimeAIN’TIT?’
forleaders
onbothSPIKELEE,director,reactingtohisfirstAcademyAward
sidestonominationfordirecting,forBlacKkKlansman
putpolitics$25,000
Moneyraisedlastyear
aside,cometofundthesearchfora
mateforarareBolivian
together,‘YougetalotoffrognicknamedRomeo;
supportwiththeaJulietwasfound,and
andscientistshopingtohelp
babyasamother,savethespecieshavenow
planneda“date”forthem
endthisparticularlyintheonValentine’s?Day
shutdown.’earlydays,butafterthe
GEORGEW.BUSH,43rdageof1itfallsaway.’
U.S.?President,inaJan.18ArianaGrande
Instagrampostshowinghim
KATEMIDDLETON,DuchessofCambridge,Severalrappers
deliveringpizzatoSecret
ontheimportanceofanewU.K.hotlinesayhernewsingle
Servicepersonnel,whohave
offeringadviceforparentsandcaregivers“7Rings”isoverly
beenworkingwithoutpay
similartotheirwork
ILLUSTRATIONSBYBROWNBIRDDESIGNFORTIMEFORDESIGNBIRDBROWNBYILLUSTRATIONS
BADWEEK
10%GOODWEEK
PercentageofTransportation
SecurityAdministrationGrandetogo
screenersabsentfromworkStarbucks,withthe
onJan.?20,anagencyrecord,helpofUberEats,
onDay?30ofthepartialplanstoexpand
governmentshutdowndeliveryservicefor
mobileusers
6TIMEFebruary4–11,2019
SOURCES:ASSOCIATEDPRESS;NEWYORKTIMES;PEOPLE;SEVENTEEN
PIèCEDE
RéSISTANCE
Riftsinthe
Women’sMarch
movementwerea
backdropto2019
events,likethis
oneinPhoenix
INSIDE
SUDAN’SGOVERNMENTISWHATTHEU.S.ANDNORTHREMEMBERINGPOETMARY
FAMILIARWITHUNREST,BUTKOREACOULDGETOUTOFOLIVERFORTHE“INFECTIOUS
THISTIMECOULDBEDIFFERENTANOTHERTRUMP-KIMSUMMITWONDER”OFHERWORDS
PHOTOGRAPHBYRICKD’ELIA
TheBriefOpener
NATION“Therearethousandsofwomenwhoaremarching
Whatcomesafterthefortherightreasonsandwhodon’thaveaffiliationswith
peoplewhoareracist,”saidMaryLouFrey-Nicholson,
Women’sMarchanannywhohadcomemorethan400milesfromNew
Bedford,Mass.,tobethere.“I’mmarchingwiththem.”
ByAbbyVesoulis
SCHISMSINPOLITICALMOVEMENTSarenothingnew.
HOSEWHODONNEDTHEIRPINKHATSANDThey’retypicalofbroad,fast-growingsocial-justiceef-
pickeduptheirplacardsonJan.19betrayedfortsliketheWomen’sMarch,saysJoReger,asociologist
TlittlefatigueastheytrotteddownPennsylva-atOaklandUniversitywhostudiessocialmovements.“If
niaAvenueduringthisyear’sWomen’sMarch,youthinkaboutthehistoryofthewomen’smovementin
raisingmiddlefingersattheTrumpInternationalHotelthiscountry,it’sfullofdivisions,”shesays,pointingto
inpassing.But,justtwoyearsin,themovementbehindexamplesgoingallthewaybacktothefightforsuffrage.
themarchisshowingitsage.Divisions,inthatway,canbeasignofmaturity.They
In2017,nearlyhalfamillionpeoplefloodedthedon’thavetokillamovement,thoughtheycanslowit
streetsofWashingtoninamasschallengetoPresidentdown.Andsometimes,Regersays,splintersareseeds
Trump,withmillionsjoiningrallieselsewhereinwhatisforchange.That’salreadyhappenedhere,assomedisen-
thoughttohavebeenoneofthelargestsingle-daypro-chantedmarchershavefoundedtheirowngroups.
testsinU.S.history.ThisButthat’snotallthat’s
year,onlyabout100,000changedsince2017.Inthe
peopleshowedupinD.C.wakeoftheelection,the
TheDemocraticNationalstreetswereoneoftheonly
Committeeandmajorpro-spacesavailablefordissent.
gressivegroupssteeredSincethen,thosewhoop-
clearofthemarch,andso-poseTrumphavefoundad-
cialmediapercolatedwithditionaloutlets,suchasmid-
statementsfromwomentermelectionsthatsenta
whowantednopartofit.recordnumberofwomento
SomewhodidcomeoutCongress—includingseveral
broughtreservationsaboutwhodecidedtoruninthe
organizersaswellasgriev-headyaftermathofthefirst
ancesagainstTrump.march.TheymayalsotakeKOZALPAULMOON:TIMES/REDUX;YORKNEWSILBIGER—THESARAHMARCH:WOMEN’SEPA-EFE/SHUTTERSTOCK;PAGE:PREVIOUS
OnebigreasonfortheheartinthePresident’stra-
declineinattendancevails,likethespecialcoun-
isWomen’sMarchInc.sel’sinvestigation,andchron-
co-presidentTamikaMal-icallylowapprovalratings.
lory.ShehaspraisedLouisFarrakhan,theNationof△“WhiletheportrayaloftheWomen’sMarchmove-
IslamleaderwhohascalledJewishpeople“satanic”;FreedomPlazamentasamonolithledbyafewfigureheadsisdi-
Mallory,citinghisworkforAfricanAmericans,inWashington,minishing,themovementatlargehasactuallybeen
hasstuckbyherstatement.Women’sMarchboardD.C.,ispreppedstrengtheningasactivistsgainexperience,”saysVan-
memberLindaSarsour,whoisPalestinianAmericanfortheJan.19essaWruble,whoco-foundedD.C.’s2017marchand
andhasalsofacedcriticismforherpersonalbeliefsWomen’sMarchwentontoleadacompetingfactioncalledMarchOn.
aboutIsrael,toldNPRtheWomen’sMarch—whichAndthemovementisn’tjustaboutindividual
denieschargesthatit’snotinclusive—shouldbeevalu-politiciansanymore—orevenmarching.Theprotest-
atedindependentofFarrakhan.“Peopleareaskingustoersincreasinglyfocusonspecificpolicyissues,likeaf-
takeresponsibilityforcommentarymadebysomeonefordablehealthcareandratificationoftheEqualRights
else,andinparticularaman,”shesaid,“whichisactuallyAmendment.“Wecanusetheplatformtostrengthenac-
quiteantitheticaltofeminism.”countabilityforourofficials,createstrongerbondswith
ButTeresaShook,theretiredlawyerwhoonelectionfederalagenciesandtranslateourwinsatthepollsinto
night2016firstlaunchedthecalltomarch,skippedthislegislativeachievements,”saysWinnieWong,asteering-
year’seventsandhascalledonthegroup’sleaderstore-committeememberofWomen’sMarchInc.
sign.OnherFacebookpage,inapostthatamassedthou-Whetherafracturingofinterestssignifiesresilience
sandsofLikes,sheaccusedthegroup’sleadersofhavingorthebeginningoftheendfortheWomen’sMarchis
“steeredtheMovementawayfromitstruecourse”byal-hardtotell.Butit’sclearthatmanyarelookingpastthose
lowing“hateful”rhetorictobecomepartoftheequation.atthetopoftheorganizationtoitsoriginalsourceof
DozensofwomenattheD.C.eventtoldTIMEthatstrength.“It’sveryhumantosaythereareleadersand
theychosetoattendthedemonstrationdespite,notbe-thoseleadersaregoingtosaveus,”Wrublesays,“when,
causeof,itsorganizers.infact,ithasalwaysbeenthepeoplethemselves.”?
8TIMEFebruary4–11,2019
NEWS
TICKER
Protestsmet
withviolence
inZimbabwe
Zimbabwe’sPresident
EmmersonMnangagwa
calledonJan.?22for
aprobeintoalleged
violencebysecurity
forces,afteratleast
12peoplewerekilled
andhundredsinjured
inthewakeofprotests
thatbrokeoutaftera
fuel-priceincreasewas
announced.
ONCEINA...OnthenightofJan.?20,stargazerswitnessedalunareclipsecoincidingwithaSupremeCourt
supermoon—afullmoonthatappearswhenthemoon’sorbitbringsitclosertoearth,makingitseemtoheargun
larger.Asthemoonpassedintotheearth’sshadow,itglowedred,leadingsometocallitthe“superblood
wolf?moon.”(January’sfullmoonissometimesnicknamedthewolf?moon.)VisibleacrosstheAmericas—case
includingfromSeaRanch,Calif.,wherethisphotowastaken—itwasthelasttotallunareclipseuntil2021.
TheU.S.SupremeCourt
agreedonJan.22to
hearitsfirstSecond
Amendmentcasein
THEBULLETIN
nineyears—amovethat
AnuprisinginSudanthreatenstodismantlemaysignalawillingness
threedecadesofauthoritarianrulebythenow?majority-
conservativecourtto
weighinongun-control
FORNEARLY30YEARS,PRESIDENTOMARSOLIDARITYATLASTAl-Bashir’sgovern-issues.Thecase,a
Hassanal-BashirhasruledSudanwithanmentisnostrangertounrest,buttherechallengetoaNew?York
authoritarianzealthatrankshimamongthearesignsthatthelatestuprisinghashimCityrulerestricting
world’smostnotoriousdictators,accusedrattled.The75-year-oldcallstheprotesterswheresomelicensed
gun?ownerscancarry
ofseverehuman-rightsabuses,corruption“traitors”andblamestheviolenceonrebelstheirweapons,willbe
andeconomicincompetence.SanctionsandfromSudan’sDarfurregion—aonceeffec-heardnextterm.
condemnationhavehadlittleeffect,butativetacticthatseemstohavelostitsteeth.
popularuprising,nowinitssecondmonth,Hisopponentssaydiverseethnicgroupsare
issendingcracksthroughtheonceunassail-finallyunitedagainsttheirPresidentafter
ableedificeofhisregime.yearsofhisexploitingdivisions.ProtestersGene-editing
nowchant,“WeareallDarfur,”referringtoscientist
LETTHEMEATBREADWhatbeganonthegenocidethatin2009madeal-Bashirreprimanded
Dec.19asariotinthecityofAtbaraoverthethefirstservingheadofstateevertobein-TheChinesescientist
priceofbreadsoonmorphedintoanation-dictedbytheInternationalCriminalCourt.whoclaimshecreated
wideanti-al-Bashirmovement.Throngstheworld’sfirst
ofyoungprotesters—Sudan’smedianageTURNINGTHETIDETheharshcrackdowngeneticallyedited
babiesactedillegally
is19—havefilledthestreets,callingfor“free-hasdrawntheprofessionalclassestotheandwillbepunished,
dom,peaceandjustice.”Authoritieshavear-cause;doctorsandlawyersarecoordinatingstatemediareported
restedmorethanathousandandkilled40,manyoftherallies.Al-BashirhasinsistedheonJan.?21.Hehas
accordingtoAmnestyInternational.Butthewillnotstepdownandsaysonlythathewillalsobeenfiredfrom
neardailydemonstrationscontinue.“Peoplerespectthewillofthepeopleinelectionshisuniversityjob.In
November,HeJiankui
arehungry,andtheyseethelootingoftheslatedfor2020.ButtheSudanesehavelostsaidhehadaltered
country’sresourcesbytherulingclique,”saidfaithinthecountry’sriggedelectionsys-thegenesoftwingirls’
Sudanese-BritishbillionaireMohammedtem.Nowinthestreetsandsensingweak-embryostomakethem
Ibrahim.“Whentheyarepushedagainsttheness,theymaynotstopuntiltheygetthere-resistanttoHIV.
wall,theyjusthavenothingtolose.”sponsetheyarewaitingfor.—ARYNBAKER
9
TheBriefNews
GOODQUESTIONInexchange,Kimwouldgetaphasedroll-
CanTrumprevivehisbackofU.N.sanctions.Butsanctionsreliefis
NEWSdealwithNorthKorea?adouble-edgedswordforthedictator.Boost-
TICKERingthelivelihoodsofhispeoplewouldentail
TalibantheriskofopeningupNorthKoreansoci-
resumestalksIFTHEFIRSTMEETINGWASABOUTMAKINGety.Plus,sanctionsenforcementbyChina—
afterkillingsfriends,thesecondmeansgettingdowntoacrosswhosebordernearlyallNorthKorean
business.TheWhiteHousesaidJan.18thattradepasses—hasalreadycrumbledamid
DozensofpeoplePresidentDonaldTrumpandNorthKoreanTrump’stradewarandKim’swarmingrela-
werekilledinaTalibanleaderKimJongUnwillsitdownbeforetionswithPresidentXiJinping.
attackatanAfghantheendofFebruaryinanattempttoinjectKim’spriorityisastrikingadealthatfor-
intelligencebaseonlifeintoadenuclearizationprocessthathasmallyendstheKoreanWar,whichconcluded
Jan.?21—thesameday
asthemilitantgroup,stalledsincetheirJunesummitinSingapore.witha1953armistice.Thatwouldundercut
whichholdslargeIfthesecondmeetingisgoingtomakeathejustificationforkeepingU.S.forcesin
swathsofAfghanistan,difference,TrumpwillneedKimtoofferupSouthKoreaandJapan,whichhost28,500
saiditrestartedsomethingreal.Overthepastyear,Kimhasand54,000Americantroops,respectively.
peacetalkswithU.S.
returnedthreeU.S.hostagesandtheremainsSeanKing,ariskanalystandformerU.S.
officials.
oftroopskilledduringtheKoreanWar,anddiplomat,suspectsKimwilloffertodisman-
destroyedaredundantnucleartestingsite.tlehisICBMs,whichcantheoreticallyhitthe
ButhisnuclearandmissilesprogramshaveU.S.,inreturnforTrump’sremovingregional
Googlefinedcontinuedunabated.strategicassetsandtroops.Trumphasal-
undernewE.U.Attheveryleast,Washingtonneedsafullreadysaidhewantstowithdrawtroopsfrom
datalawinventoryofNorthKorea’sballisticmissilesSouthKorea,andinJuneagreedtosuspend
France’sdata-andnuclear,biologicalandchemicalweaponsjointSouthKorea–U.S.militarydrills,which
protectioncommissionarsenalsandfacilities.JustthreedaysafterwasaredlinefortheU.S.since1996.“Why
hitGooglewithanearlythesummitwasannounced,aWashington,wouldn’t[Trump]jumpatsuchanopportu-
$57?millionfineonD.C.,thinktankreleasedareportrevealingnity?”Kingsays,notingthathecouldthen
Jan.?21forviolationofasecretNorthKoreanmissilebase,theexis-simplyredefinesuccessfuldenuclearization
theE.U.’sGeneralData
ProtectionRegulationtenceofwhichhadnotbeendeclaredbytheashavingsecuredtheU.S.mainland.
rules,introducedlastcountry’sauthorities.ThenextstepwouldThatversionofsecuritycouldleaveSouth
year.TheregulatorybereturningInternationalAtomicEnergyKoreaexposedandisolated.ButTrumpis
groupaccusedtheAgencyinspectorstothosesitesandagreeingfacingtroubleathome,includingthegov-
techgiantof“lackonafirmdismantlementschedule.Anydeal,ernmentshutdownandnosignsofabreak-
oftransparency,
inadequateinformationarguesSung-YoonLee,professorofKoreanthroughintradenegotiationswithChina.
andlackofvalidstudiesatTuftsUniversity,mustbeimple-Inthissituation,theself-styledmasterdeal-
consent”regardingthementedonthebasisof“verification,insteadmakermaybekeentosecureadeal,anydeal,
personalizationofads.ofillusoryconcessions.”whateverthecost.—CHARLIECAMPBELL
Questions
remainonHISTORY
BuzzFeedNot-so-ancientartifacts
TrumpreportScottisharchaeologistsendedresearchintoastonecirclethoughttobecenturiesold,afterit
emergedthatafarmerbuiltitinthe1990s.Here,moreartificialantiquities.—GeorgeSteer
SpecialcounselRobert
Mueller’sofficedenied
unnamedaspectsofa
BuzzFeedNewsstoryCOUNTERFEITFAKEFOSSILSUNDERWRAPS
CROWNSkullandjawboneIn1969,theOld
allegingthatPresident
In1896,theLouvrefragmentssaidtoCapitolMuseum
Trumpinstructedhis
saidithadboughtbefoundinagravelinMississippi
nowformerlawyer
thegoldentiaraofpitinPiltdown,removedanEgyptian
MichaelCohento
anancientScythianEngland,weremummythathad
lietoCongress.unveiledin1912asbeenondisplay
king.Severalyears
BuzzFeedstoodbythethe“missinglink”sincethe1920s,
later,afterexpertsinhumanevolution.afteramedical
Jan.?17story,whichraisedquestions,
hadsparkedtalkofFourdecadeslater,studentX-rayedit
thecrownwasnewtechnologyandrealizeditwas
impeachmentamongrevealedtobeafakehelpedexposethecomposedofpapier-
somemembersofmadebyanOdessafossilsasforgeries.machéandnails.
Congress.goldsmith.
10TIMEFebruary4–11,2019
Milestones
DIEDORDERED
?RussellBaker,the
PulitzerPrize–winningTranstroop
writerwhowrotethebanenforced
“Observer”column
fortheNew?YorkLegalbattle
Timesfordecades,FEWBARRIERSREMAIN
onJan.21at93.thatkeepwholeclassesof
?MasazoNonaka,
whoheldthetitleofAmericansfromservingin
theworld’soldestthemilitary.OnJan.22,ina
man,at113years5-4decision,theSupreme
and179days,onCourtruledtomaintainone
Jan.20.ofthelastsuchhurdles,al-
ANNOUNCEDlowingPresidentDonald
ThatCaliforniaTrump’spolicyontrans-
SenatorKamalagendertroopstogointoeffect
Harris
isrunningforwhilealegalfightunfolds.
President,onJan.?21.
HercampaignraisedTheunsignedorderisn’t
$1.5?millioninitsfirstafinaldecision—theJus-
24hours,matchingticesdeniedtheAdministra-
VermontSenatorBer-tion’srequestforone—but
nieSanders’recorditclearedapathfortheDe-
fromhis2016bid.
fenseDepartmenttoenforce
SENTENCEDtherule,whichbansmost
EgyptianTVtransAmericansfromserv-
presenterMohamedinginthemilitaryandre-
al-Ghiety,toone
yearofhardlaborquirestroopstoserve“in
MAGESMAGESbytheEgyptiantheirbiologicalsex”orelse
government,forbe“presumptivelydisquali-
interviewinganfied.”That’sawinforthe
anonymousgaymanInadditiontoherPulitzerPrize,Oliver,shownherein2013,WhiteHouse,whichargued
lastyear.receivedtheNationalBookAwardforPoetryin1992thatmilitaryreadinessand
OPENEDeffectivenesswereinjeop-
Arecord33,341DIEDardy.(A2016RANDreport
murderprobesMaryOliverfoundallowingtranstroops
byMexicanwouldlikelyhave“minimal
investigatorsinPoetofacaptivatingworld
2018,upfromtheimpactonreadiness.”)
previousrecordofIFYOUKNOWONLYONELINEOFMARYOLIVER’SPOETRY,ITISItcouldtakeyearsforone
25,036in2017.likelyaquestionsheposed,onethatsumsuptheinfectiousoftheongoingcasesabout
wonderthatranthroughherverselikeveinsthroughaleaf.“Tellthepolicytomakeitsway
NOMINATED
TheNetflixmovieme,”thePulitzerPrize–winningpoetwrotein“TheSummertotheSupremeCourt,but
Roma,for10Oscars,Day,”“whatisityouplantodo/withyouronewildandpreciousadvocatesonbothsidessee
includingBestlife?”thisorderasanomen.When
Picture—Netflix’sOliver,whohadbeentreatedforlymphoma,diedatherhomeacasedoeseventuallycome
firstnominationininHobeSound,Fla.,onJan.17.Shewas83andararityevenup,itsuggests,theJustices
thetopcategory.
BlackPantheramongpoets.Shewasnotmerelyprolific:theOhionativepub-arelikelytoupholdthepol-
becamethefirstlishedmorethan20volumesofverse,includingAmericanPrimi-icyagain.—W.J.HENNIGAN
superheromovietotive,thecollectionthatwonthePulitzerin1984.Herworkalso
benominatedforsoldwell.Writersborrowedherlinesasepigraphsandreaders
BestPicture.heldthemclose—andtapedthemupandtweetedthemoutand
ELECTEDeventattooedthem—becauseOlivergavefreshspirittooldideas
NewYorkYankeesinpurposefullyplainspeech.
closerMarianoShefoundperspectiveinthemarchofseasons.Sheenvied
Rivera,tothethesecretlivesofanimals.Sheremindedherreadersthatlifeis
BaseballHallofablessing,thatmischiefcanbehealing,thatuncertaintyisn’ta
FameonJan.?22.
Hewasthefirstreasontodisbelieve.Shealsoleftuswithhelpfulinstructions,
playereverchosensomewrittenasshegrappledwithgrowingolderandwondering
unanimously.whatcomesnext.“Keepsomeroominyourheart,”Oliverwrote
SKULL:BETTMANNARCHIVE/GETTYIMAGES;OLIVER:ANGELVALENTINE—THENEWYORKTIMES/REDUX;PROTEST:BRENDANSMIALOWSKI—AFP/GETTYIin2009,“fortheunimaginable.”—KATYSTEINMETZ
11
TheBriefTIMEwith...
TVhostMichaelmatchupbetweentheNewEnglandPatriotsand
theLosAngelesRams.Strahanknowsabitabout
StrahankeepstabsondethroningthePats’TomBrady.Backin2008,his
theSuperBowlwhileGiantsupsetthePatriotsinSuperBowlXLII,cost-
ingNewEnglandaperfect19-0season.Heencour-
expandinghishorizonsagestheRamstoenterthisyear’sSuperBowlwith
BySeanGregorythesamedefiancehesawinhisteammates.“We
knowthey’vebeateneverybodyunderthesun,”says
Strahan,whoinconversationcircleshishandsand
toucheshischestwhenanimated.“Weknowthat
ASABRUISINGLINEMANFORTHENEWYORKtheycanprepareforanybody.Well,nowit’stimeto
Giants,MichaelStrahanusedtodobattlewithstartourhistory.Thisisourtime.Ftheirtime.”
320-lb.behemothseverySunday.Now,onarecent
FridaymorningataNewYorkCitytelevisionstudio,STRAHAN’STIMEBEGANinWestGermany,where
he’sdancingwithanelderlywomanto“CakebytheSTRAHANhegrewuponanArmybase.Hisdadwasamajor.
Ocean.”Inhiscurrentgigasco-hostofthehighlyQUICKStrahanwasnocan’t-missfootballprospect.Asa
FACTS
caffeinatedthirdhourofGoodMorningAmerica,chunky13-year-old,hecriedwhenherealizedwhy
knownasGMADay,StrahandoeshisfairshareotherkidscalledhimBob.ItstoodforBootyon
ofpumpingupthecrowd.GMADayisabitlikeBusyfellowBack.Or,worse,BigOl’Butt.“IthoughtBobwasa
adesigner-steroidversionofLiveWithKellyandBesidescoolnickname,”hesays.“Iwasdevastated.”
Ryan—whichStrahanco-hostedwithKellyRipainhison-airThetaunting,however,drovehimtoexercise.
itsLiveWithKellyandMichaeliteration,beforeadutiesonfiveHisfatherputhimonaweight-liftingregimen,
tabloid-friendlybreakupendedtheirrunin2016.differentTVandthey’djoginthewoodstogether.Convinced
Anexpertofferstipsfordeclutteringyourcellprograms,thathissoncouldearnafootballscholarship,Stra-
Strahan
phone,andthestudioaudienceemitswoooooos,launchedahan’sfathersenthimtoHoustonforhissenioryear
asifsomeonehadjustwonanewcar.(Infairness,clothinglineofhighschool.AfterhestarredatTexasSouthern
they’regoodtips.Unsubscribefromthoselists.)AndatJCPenneyUniversity,theGiantsdraftedStrahaninthesec-
there’sdancing.So.Much.Dancing.Strahanentersandco-ownsondroundofthe1993draft.Nearlyadecadelater,
thestudio,gettingdowntoMissyElliott’s“GetUratalentandin2002,hesettheNFL’ssingle-seasonsackre-
production
FreakOn.”Afterasweetsegmentwitha10-year-oldcompany.cord.HeenteredtheProFootballHallofFamein
boywhodonated$100ofhisownmoneytohelp2014.Strahanseesparallelsbetweenhisfootball
covertheunpaidlunchbillsofhisclassmates,SackkingandTVcareers.Neitherwascarefullyplanned;he
Strahanwrithesonthefloor,doingtheworm.In2002,learnedbothonthefly.“Here’sakidinGermany,
Reminder:it’s10:30a.m.onaFriday.BackstageStrahangoplayfootball,”saysStrahan.“‘O.K.,Dad.’Back
settheNFL
afterthetaping,evenStrahanquestionshowhesingle-seasonintheday,doLive.I’veneverdoneit,figureditout.
summonstheexcesspep.“I’mgoing,What’swrongsackrecordinDoGMA.Itscaredmetodeath.Figureitout.”
withyou?”saysStrahan.“It’sweird.”controversialHispartnershipwithRipablewupin2016,when
Theperformancesarepayingoff.Strahan,thefashion:BrettABCaskedStrahantojoinGMAfulltime.Ripafelt
affableformerfootballstarwithaninstantlyrecog-Favretookblindsidedbytheofferanddidnotreporttowork
atumbleto
nizablegap-toothedsmile,nowcountsasoneofthehandittohim.fornearlyaweek;shecamebackchampioningre-
hottestcommoditiesontelevision,havinglaunched“Ifsomeonespectandcommunicationintheworkplace.Hede-
anunconventionalpost-NFLcareerthat’stheenvydoesn’tlikeit,”partedtheshowmonthsearlierthanplanned.“I
ofmanyofhispeers.Sure,Strahanjoinsamerryhesays,“justlearnedthroughallthatwentdownwiththat,you
bandofex-jocks,liketheguffawingTerryBradshawbreakit.”can’tconvincepeopletolikeyou,”saysStrahan.He
andthestudiousHowieLong,talkingfootballonTrophycasecreditsRipaforteachinghimhowtoreachanew
Fox’sSundaypregameshow.Butthat’sjustpartofHewontwoTVaudience,thoughthey’renolongerintouch.“I
hisbroadcastportfolio:inadditiontohisroleonEmmyAwardshaven’tspokentoherinalongtime,”hesays.
GMADay,he’saco-anchoronGoodMorningAmer-forhisworkonLiveledhimtoGMA,wherehehasthrived.So
LiveWithKelly
icaandexecutiveproducerandstarofABC’srebootandMichael.ABCexecsdecidedtohandhimandco-hostSara
ofthe$100,000Pyramidgameshow.NoneofthatHainesthethirdhourofthemorningshow.(Unlike
fitsthetypicalformer-athletegameplan.DuringatheextrahoursoftheTodayshow,whichairafterthe
GMAinterviewinearlyJanuary,Strahanpressedco-mainmorningblock,GMADayrunsintheearlyaf-
medianKevinHartaboutpasthomophobictweetsternoon.)Strahanfiguredouthowtograbattention
thatultimatelycostHarthisslotasOscarshost.forhisnascentprogram.AfterPresidentTrumpfed
Hartcameacrossasdefiant.Strahan,afriendofthenationalchampionClemsonUniversityfootball
Hart’s,refusedtolethimoffeasy.teamfastfoodduringtheirJan.14WhiteHousevisit,
NoneofwhichistosayStrahanisn’tturninghisStrahanannouncedonGMADaythathe’dpayfora
attentiontowardFeb.3andtheSuperBowlLIIIlobsterdinnerforthesquad.Theshow’sproducers
12TIMEFebruary4–11,2019
havereachedouttoClemson;there’sstillachanceThat’sashame,becausePats-Ramsisan
themealwillhappen.“Iwouldhavebeenexcitedtoenticingmatchuponthemerits.Brady,41,isthe
beattheWhiteHouse,”saysStrahan.“ThenIwouldoldestquarterbacktostartaSuperBowl.Rams
havewalkedoutofthere,like,‘Thatwasthemeal?quarterbackJaredGoff,24,istheyoungesttowin
Thatwasn’twhatIexpected.’Ifyou’regoingtogo‘He’sneveranNFCchampionshipgame.L.A.certainlyhasthe
there,goallout.”beendefensiveskilltothwartthePats.Ramslineman
AaronDonaldthreatenedStrahan’ssackrecord
ACOUPLEOFDAYSmobile.
beforetheNFCchampionshipButhethisseason.NdamukongSuh,anothermember
gamebetweentheLosAngelesRamsandNewOr-ofL.A.’sdefensivefront,sackedSaintsQBDrew
leansSaintsonJan.20,IaskedStrahanwhatheknowsBreesinthechampionshipgame.“You’vegotto
wouldchangeaboutfootballifhewerenamedNFLhowtogettoBrady,”Strahansays.“It’snoteasy.He’s
commissioner.First,herecommendedanoverhaulstep.Justneverbeenmobile.Butheknowshowtostep.Just
ofinstantreplay.“Youshouldbeabletoreviewlikealikeadancer.”
someofthesecallsthatyou’renotabletoreview,”dancer.’Strahan’skeytoSuperBowlprepwasrealizing
Strahansays.Theresponsewaseerilyprescient,asthatthefield’sstill100yardslong.ThePatriots,who
MICHAEL
anofficialmissedanobviouspass-interferencecallSTRAHAN,havemadethebiggamethreeyearsrunning,own
thatalmostcertainlycosttheSaintsaSuperBowlonTomBrady,theexperience.TheRamscan’tfeeloverwhelmed.
berth.Duringtheoff-season,theNFLwilldiscusswho’sreacheda“Whenyou’replayingforsomethingbiggerthan
allowingrefstocorrectsuchjudgmentcalls.“IfninthSuper?Bowlyourself,withagroupofguysyoulove,thatwillget
you’retryingnottolethumanerrorbepartoftheyougoingwhenyoudon’thaveanythingleftinthe
game,useitforthingslikewesawyesterday,”Stra-tank,”saysStrahan.“It’snotlikeintheSuperBowl
hansaysinafollow-upcallafterthegame.“It’satheychangetherules.It’snotthatcomplicated.
PAMELAHANSONbadfeeling.ItkindofputsadamperontheRams.”Realizeit’sjustfreakingfootball.”?
13
LightBox
Boxedin
PaulWhelan,theformerU.S.MarineaccusedbyRussia
ofbeingaspy,speakstohislawyersfromthedefendant’s
cageduringapretrialhearinginMoscowonJan.22.His
court-appointedlawyerhasacknowledgedthatWhelanwas
carrying“informationconstitutingstatesecrets”onaflash
drivewhenarrestedinDecember,butsaidWhelanhadn’t
openedthedrive,whichhethoughtheldtravelphotos.
Whelan,whomaintainsheisinnocentofanunspecified
“actofespionage,”facesupto20yearsinprison.
PhotographbyMladenAntonov—AFP/GettyImages
?Formoreofourbestphotography,visittime.com/lightbox
WeartheColorsofItaly’sADVERTISEMENT
LegendaryRegatta
Toshowexquisite
details,necklaceRaffinato?
shownisnot
exactsize.———Italy
heRegataStoricastartedin1489,whenthebeenpasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration,dating
beautifulCaterinaCornaro,wifeofthebacktobeforethecitythrewthatfirstfamousparty
TKingofCyprus,renouncedherCypriotthroneforCaterina.
infavorofVenice.ThepeopleofVeniceThankstotheRegata,we’vevisitedVeniceoftenand
welcomedherwithaparadeofelaborately-madegreatcontacts,whichishowwefoundand
decoratedgondolas,inarainbowofpoppingnegotiatedthebestpossiblepriceonthehighest
colors.Everyyearsince,thespiritof1489qualityMuranoavailable.Now’syourchanceto
isrecapturedinthoseworld-famouscanalsshareinthespiritofthislegendaryeventwithout
whenthefamousRegataisrepeated.needingtobreakoutyourpassport.
OurCornaroNecklaceistheessenceSatisfactionguaranteedoryourmoneyback.
ofVenice,withtherevelryoftheRegataEnjoythegorgeouscolorsoftheCornaroMurano
channeledintooneperfectpieceofjewelry.Necklacefor30days.Ifitdoesn’tpasswithflying
ThegorgeouscolorsrecalltheRegataitself,colors,senditbackforafullrefundoftheitemprice.
andthe59beadsofauthenticMuranoarethe
onlythingashistoricanduniquelyVeniceasthoseLimitedReserves.Youcouldeasilypay$300ormore
gondolas.EachnecklaceishandmadebythelegendaryforaMuranoglassbeadnecklace,butat$49,thisgenuine
Muranoglassmakers,wheretheproudVenetiantraditionhashandmadeMuranowon’tlast.Don’tmisstheboat!
CALL1-888-444-5949TODAY!
“...businessesonthecrowdedlittleisland[Murano]also
producehighfashionjewelryfoundonrunwaysandinCornaroMuranoNecklace
exclusivesocialsettingsaroundtheworld”.Stunninglyaffordableat$49+S&P
—TheNewYorkTimes
?MadeinItaly?Muranoglass?2?"necklacewithlobsterclasp?Gold-finishedsettings
Calltoday.There’sneverbeenabettertimetoletyoureleganceshine.1-888-444-5949
OfferCode:RFG???-01.Youmustusetheoffercodetogetourspecialprice.
Raffinato?14101SouthcrossDriveW.,Ste155,Dept.RFG1-01,Burnsville,Minnesota55337www.raffinatoitaly.com
Acollectionofimpeccabledesign&craftsmanshipfromItaly.
NATIONAGOVERNMENT
BYTOOFEW
ByMollyJahn,GregoryTrevertonandDavidA.Bray
Thelongestgovernment
shutdowninU.S.historyhas
directedAmerica’sattention
totheplightofitsfederal
employees.Butthereis
somethingworseandmore
fundamentalhappening.Over
decades,thisworkforcehas
becomeoverburdened,putting
thecountryatgreaterriskthan
mostofitscitizensrealize.?
INSIDE
THEARABSPRING’SANNBAPLAYERWHYDOCTORSDON’T
GREATESTSUCCESSSHOWSDISCUSSESHISFEARLISTENTOBLACKWOMEN
SIGNSOFWEAKNESSOFEXTRADITIONINPAIN
17
TheViewOpener
Afteranalyzingtwodecadesoffederalper-Administrations,butit’salsoconsistentwith
sonneldataandconductinginterviewsandClinton-eraefforts.Theproblemhaswors-
SHORT
focusgroupswithemployeesbeforetheenedintheTrumpAdministration,withun-READS
shutdown,weconcludedthattheU.S.gov-precedentedratesofstaffdeparturesatsenior
?Highlights
ernmentmaynotbeabletorespondcapablyranks.MorethantwiceasmanyCabinet-levelfromstorieson
toagreaternationalcrisis—ormountanad-employeesquitin2017asdidin2009,thetime.com/ideas
equateresponseifmultipledomesticorfor-firstyearofPresidentObama’stenure.This
eignemergenciesoccurredatthesametime.hasbeencompoundedbywidespreadvacan-Strengthin
Thesefindings,whichwedetailinastudyciesinseniorExecutiveBranchpositions.numbers
publishedbythenonpartisanSeniorExecu-Federalemployeesdescribedtousanen-
tivesAssociation,shouldbecauseforseri-vironmentwheretheyarepenalizedforac-AftertheNewYork
ousconcerntoallAmericans.Regardlessoftion,hamperedbyoutdatedprocessesandTimesreportedthat
PresidentTrumpwas
whetheryouthinkthefederalgovernmentnotrewardedforinnovation.Mistrustofse-consideringpulling
shouldbesmallerorlarger,weallwantittoniorcareercivilservantsbyincomingpoliti-theU.S.outofNATO,
beeffectiveduringemergencies.Butit’snotcalappointeeshasbecomeendemic.CareerJamesStavridis,who
difficulttoforeseeasituationinwhichmas-employeeswhohaveservedtheircountryservedasSupreme
sivewildfiresinCaliforniaarefollowedbyunderoneAdministrationareoftenmargin-AlliedCommanderat
thealliance,referenced
floodswithlandslidesatthesametimeasaalizedbythenext.WinstonChurchill:
devastatinghurricanehitstheGulfCoast.Allofthisishappeningaspublicservants“Theonlything
Similarly,itisnotdifficulttoimagineU.S.facenewchallenges.Cyberattackscandis-worsethanfighting
diplomatsfacingnuclearableorabusesubstantialwithalliesisfighting
crisesinNorthKoreaandpartsofthegovernment—withoutthem.”
Iransimultaneously.Infromvotingmachinesdur-
2019,thecurrentfederalingelectionstotheelectri-
workforceisill-equippedcalgridtoevenNationalWhattoknow
toaddresseitherscenario.SecurityAgencytoolsthatwhenyou
arediscoveredanduseddon’tknow
THEDETERIORATIONforwidespreadhacking,as
ofthefederalworkforcewesawwiththeWanna-Afterthedebate
overwhatdidand
didn’thappenovernight.Cryransomwareattackindidn’thappenatthe
Innearly60years,the2017.Thismaybecoupledconfrontationbetween
U.S.populationincreasedwithtargetedmisinforma-highschoolstudents
81%—farmorecitizensfortioncampaigns,possiblyandaNativeAmerican
civilservantstoserve,as-Federalworkerswaitinlineinbyforeigngovernments,elderontheNational
WashingtononJan.16MallonJan.19,TIME’s
sistandprotect.YetthethatdiscredittheseandJeffreyKlugeradvises:
federalworkforcehasnotsimilarpublicprocesses“IftherearefewQEDs
keptpace:from1.8millioncivilianemploy-andseedconflict.andmostlyWTFs,it’s
eesin1960to2.1millionin2017.Reopeningthegovernmentinfullwilljustnoise.Moveon.”
Astheratioofstafftocitizenhasshrunk,notsolvetheseproblems.Infact,ourfederal
budgetsandprogramshaveexpanded.workforcefacesweeksofbacklog,oftentobeIMAGESSTOCKMAN—GETTYMATTHEWKANTER:ERNST—REUTERS;JONATHANSHUTDOWN:
ConsiderCongress.Recentworkforcehandledwithsignificantlyfewerstaffmem-Re-electinga
studiesindicatethateachappropriationsberscomparedwith20yearsago,amidagen-Republican
stafferintheHouseisnowresponsibleforciesstymiedbybyzantinehiringprocesses,
52%morefederaldollarsthanheorshewaslowmoraleandhighratesofdeparture.Havingsurveyed
just16yearsago;theworkloadofSenateItispasttimefortheadultsinCongress—thousandsof
Americans,thepollster
appropriationsstaffershasincreased30%inbothparties—toaddressthesefederalLordMichaelAshcroft
duringthesameperiod.ThefailuretoworkforceissuesforthesakeofourRepublic.arguestheright’sbest
adequatelystafftheederalfgovernmentAneffective,stablegovernmentisessentialhopefor2020isthe
iscreatingexactlythekindofwastethattomaintaintheeconomy,safeguardpublicpossibility“thatthe
spiralofindignation
politicianshopedtoavoid.SinceCongressresourcesandkeepcitizenssafe.Wehopethathasfueled[the
isnowunabletoproperlyoverseethemorethatAmericansinthe21stcenturydon’thaveleft’s]activismmight
than$4trillionitappropriateseachfiscaltolearnthatlessonthehardway.driveDemocratstoline
year,itsexpenditureshavebecomelessupbehindacandidate,
efficientandeffective.JahnservedasDeputyandActingUnderplatformandmessage
Thisshiftdidn’toccurunderasinglepo-SecretaryofAgriculture;Trevertonservedperfectlycalibrated
todriveuncommitted
liticalparty’srule.ThepromisetorestrainaschairoftheU.S.NationalIntelligencevotersbackintothe
whatsomeperceiveasoverreachbygovern-Council;andBrayservedasaSeniorNationalarmsofDonaldTrump.”
menthaslongbeenevidentinRepublicanIntelligenceServiceexecutive
18TIMEFebruary4–11,2019
THERISKREPORT
Tunisia’sfledglingdemocracyQUICKTALK
showssignsofwearandtearEnesKanter
ByIanBremmerTheNewYorkKnicks
centerreactstotheTurkish
TUNISIAWILLFOR-MohammedBouaziziin2011,thesparkgovernment’sseekinga
everberememberedthatignitedtherevolution.warrantforhisarrestafter
herepeatedlydenouncedits
asthebirthplaceofTheunrestputsPrimeMinister
President.
theArabSpringinYoussefChahedinatightspot.Hiscoun-
2011.Thathasbeentrybadlyneedsforeigninvestment,andIfyougetextradited,what
bothablessingandatheInternationalMonetaryFund(IMF)doyouthinkwillhappen
curseforthecountry.remainsthemostpromisingsourceoftoyou?Idon’tknowifthey
Theupsideisthatdemocracyandneededcash.ThecatchisthattheIMFcankillme,becausethere
reformhavebecomefocalpointsofna-wantsChahedtoprovehe’llkeepstatewillbesomuchpressure.
tionalprideinaregionbadlyinneedspendingwithinrecommendedlimits.Buttherehavebeenlotsof
ofboth—especiallyafterthearchitectsButthisisanelectionyearinTunisia,reportsouttherethatthey
ofthetransitionwontheNobelPeaceandthePrimeMinisterknowshecan’taf-torturepeopleinjails.
Prizein2015.Thedownsideisthatfordtoignoredemandsfromfrustrated
Tunisia’shaltingprogresscontinuestocivilservantsforbetterpay,orrisktak-Whatkindoftorturewould
disappointthosewhohopeingtoughdecisionswhentheyouexpect?Ihavenoidea.
otherswillfollowitspath.resultswon’tbeseenuntilButIknowthatafterthat
Egypt’sretreatintodicta-Eightyearsaftervotesarecast.Atthetorture,Iwillnotbeableto
torship,Libya’sfragmenta-afterthesametime,streetunrestwillplaybasketballagain.
tionandSyria’scatastrophicdiscourageinvestment.And
ArabSpringWhat’syourmaincriticism
warmakeTunisiathatmuchuprising,protestersdemandingthatofPresidentRecep
moreimportantforthosethegovernmenttacklerising
manyTayyipErdogan?Erdogan
whoinsistthattheawaken-corruption,reduceincomein-
Tunisiansareviolateshumanrights.
ingcontinues.equalityandcreatejobswon’tAbout17,000womenand
Eightyearsaftertheup-angryathowbeeasytoplacate.
theirnewlyaround700babieshave
rising,manyTunisiansareThisisn’tyetacrisis.IMFbeenkeptinjail.Turkeyis
angryathowtheirnewlydemocraticofficialsunderstandChahed’stheNo.1countryinthe
democraticstateisfaring.stateispredicamentandwanthimworldforputtingjournalists
Theunemploymentrateforfaringtosucceed,andthefundwillintojail.Ilovemycountry.
graduatesisabout30%.ForprobablyfollowitscriticismTurkeycouldbethebridge
thosewhohavejobs,wagesofhisgovernmentwithmorebetweenmodernIslamand
remainstagnant,andGDPpercapitaisfinancialsupport.AfteranotherfewtheWest.Butnowthat’s
downsince2014.Tensofthousandshaveweeksoffistshaking,theunionswillimpossible.
fledthecountryinsearchofbetterpros-likelyendupcomingtoacompromise
pects.Littlewonderthenthatdemon-withthegovernment.TunisiaanditsAnymessageforyour
strationshavebecomecommonplaceinPrimeMinisterwillallbutcertainlyfamilyinTurkey?IfIcould
recentyears.AccordingtotheTunisianmuddlethrough.That’shardlyaringingsayonething,Iwouldtell
ForumforEconomicandSocialRights,endorsementfordemocracy,though—them,“Iloveyou.”
theirnumberhassurgedfrom5,001inparticularlyinapartoftheworldwhereAndIwouldsay,a
2015tomorethan11,000lastyear.leadersaren’teagertosharepowerand“Mom,Imiss
Themostrecent,atthiswriting,camefewcitizenshaveeverexperiencedyourfood.”
—SeanGregorye
onJan.17,whenTunisia’slargestlabordemocracy’sbenefits.
unionstagedanationwidestriketode-TheArabSpringsucceededinpro-
mandbetterpayforstateemployees.ducingatleastonecountrythat’sbuild-
Timedtomarkthedemocraticuprising’singauthenticallydemocraticinstitu-
anniversary,itwasjoinedbyhundredsoftionsandholdingfreeandfairelections.
thousandsofworkersandbroughtmuchButwitheachpassingyear,theglowof
ofthecountry’srail,roadandairtrafficthatachievementdimsanddemandsfor
toahalt.Workinschools,hospitalsandprosperityandfairnessgrowmoreur-
state-runmediaslowed.Thisfollowsthegent.Iftheyarenotmet,thenoneday
self-immolationofajournalistinDecem-Tunisiansmightdecidetherevolution—
ber,anactofdesperateprotestechoingandallitusheredin—wasmorecurse
thepublicsuicideofvegetablevendorthanblessing.?
19
TheViewFirstPerson
Whymymedicalcrisis
wasn’ttakenseriously
ByTressieMcMillanCottom
THEFIRSTDREAMFORMYIMAGINEDFUTURESELFTHAT
Icanrecallstartswithasound.Iwasmaybe5yearsold,andI
wantedtoclick-clack.Theclick-clackofhighheelsonashiny,
hardfloor.Ihaveabriefcase.Iamwalkingpurposefully,click-
clack-click-clack.Thatistheentiredream.
Idreamedofbeingcompetent.
IhaveneverfeltmoreincompetentthanwhenIwaspreg-
nant.Iwasaboutfourmonthsalong,extremelyuncomfort-
able,andatworkwhenIstartedbleeding.Whenyouarea
blackwoman,havingabodyisalreadycomplicatedforwork-
placepolitics.Havingableeding,distendedbodyisespecially
egregious.IwaiteduntilIfiledmycopy,bydeadline,before
callingmyhusbandtopickmeup.
ThatdayIsatinthewaitingroomofmyobstetricsoffice
for30minutes,aftercallingaheadandreportingmycondi-
tionwhenIarrived.AfterIhadbledthroughthenicechairin
thewaitingroom,Itoldmyhusbandtoaskthemagainifper-
hapsIcouldbemovedtoamoreprivatearea.Thenurselooked
alarmed,aboutthechair,andeventuallyusheredmeback.
Whenthedoctorarrived,heexplainedthatIwasprobablyjustIheldmybabythewholeway,because
toofatandthatspottingwasnormal,andhesentmehome.apparentlythatiswhatisdone.After
Laterthatnightmyassstartedhurting.Iwalked.Istretched.Imakingplansforhowwewouldhandle
tookahotbath.Icalledmymother.Finally,Icalledthenurse.herremains,thenurseturnedtomeand
Sheaskedifmybackhurt.Isaidno.Itwasmybuttthathurt.said,“Justsoyouknow,therewasnoth-
Shesaiditwasprobablyconstipation.Ishouldtrytogototheingwecouldhavedone,becauseyou
bathroom.Itriedthatforallthenextdayandpartofanother.didnottellusyouwereinlabor.”
Bytheendofthreedays,mybuttstillhurtandIhadnotslept
morethan15minutesstraightinalmost70hours.EVERYTHINGABOUTTHESTRUCTURE
Iwenttothehospital.Theyaskedagainaboutmyback,im-ofmedicalcarehadfilteredmethrough
pliedIhadeatensomething“bad”formeandbegrudgingly,Theassumptionsofmyincompetence.
finallydecidedtodoanultrasound.TheimageshowedthreeThereitwas,whatIhadalwaysbeen
babies,onlyIwaspregnantwithone.Theothertwoweretu-healthcareafraidof,whatImusthaveknownsince
mors,largerthanthebaby.Thedoctortoldme,“IfyoumakeitmachineIwasachildIneededtopreparetode-
throughthenightwithoutgoingintopretermlabor,I’dbesur-couldnotfendmyselfagainst,andwhatitwould
prised.”Iwascheckedintothematernityward.Eventuallyaimaginetakemeyearstoacceptwasbeyond
nightnursementionedthatIhadbeeninlaborforthreedays.measmycontrol.Aswithmillionsofwomen
“Youshouldhavesaidsomething,”shescoldedme.competent,ofcolor,especiallyblackwomen,the
Afterseveraldaysoflaborpainsthatnoonediagnosedbe-andsoithealthcaremachinecouldnotimagine
causethepainwasinmybuttandnotmyback,Icouldnotneglectedmeascompetent,andsoitneglected
holdofflaboranymore.Iwaswheeledintoadeliveryoperat-meuntilmeuntilIwasincompetent.Painshort-
ingroom,whereIslippedinandoutofconsciousness.Atonecircuitsrationalthought.Itcanchange
pointIscreamed,“Motherf-cker.”ThenursetoldmetowatchIwasallofyourperceptionsofreality.Pain,
mylanguage.Ibeggedforanepidural.Afterthreeeternitiesincompetentlikepregnancy,isinconvenientforbu-
ananesthesiologistarrived.HeglaredatmeandsaidthatifIreaucraticefficiencyandhaslittleuse
wasn’tquiethewouldleaveandIwouldnotgetanypainre-inacapitalistregime.Whenthemedi-
lief.Justasacontractioncrested,theneedlepiercedmyspinecalprofessionsystematicallydeniesthe
andItriedtobestillandquietsohewouldnotleavemethereexistenceofblackwomen’spain,under-
thatway.Thirtysecondsaftertheinjection,Ipassedoutbe-diagnosesourpain,refusestotreatour
foremyheadhitthepillow.pain,healthcaremarksusasincom-
WhenIawokeIwaspushingandthenmydaughterpetentbureaucraticsubjects.Thenit
washere.Shediedshortlyafterherfirstbreath.Thenurseservesusaccordingly.
wheeledmeoutoftheoperatingroomtotakemetorecovery.Theassumptionofblackwomen’s
20TIMEFebruary4–11,2019
hadhealthinsurance.Iwasmarried.All
ofmystatuscharacteristicsscreamed
“competent,”butnothingcouldshut
downwhatmyblacknessscreamed
whenIwalkedintotheroom.
Theprevalentperceptionofblack
womenasunrulybodiesandincompe-
tentcaretakersoverruleseventhemost
dominantstereotypeaboutus—namely,
thatwearesuperhuman.Theimage
ofblackwomenasphysicallystrong
withoutenoughvulnerabilitytowar-
rantconsiderationisoneofthegreatest
culturalexportsfromtheracist,sex-
istU.S.hierarchy.Weareundisciplined
yetsteadfastlycommittedtothecare
ofothers.Weweregoodnanniesuntil
globalantiblacknessmadetheworld’s
immigrantbrownwomencheaperto
import.Itmightseemthattheculture’s
perennialstrongwomanwouldalsobe
competent.Butincompetentandsuper-
herodonotactuallyconflictinthecon-
textofessentialnotionsaboutgender,
race,classandhierarchy.
incompetencesupersedeseventhemosttreatapregnancycrisis.WhenmybuttBlackwomenaresuperheroeswhen
powerfulstatusculturesinallofneo-hurt,thedoctorsandnursesdidnotweconformtoothers’expectationsof
liberalcapitalism:wealthandfame.Inreadthatasacompetentinterpretationusorservesomeoneorsomethingelse.
2017,SerenaWilliamsgaveaninterviewofcontractions,sonooneaddressedmyWhenwearesassybutnotsmart,suc-
describinghowshehadtobringtobearlaborpainsforoverthreedays.Ateverycessfulbutnothappy,competitivebut
thefullforceofherauthorityasaglobalstepoftheprocessofwhatIwouldlearnnotactualized—thenwehavesomein-
superstartoconvinceanursethatshelaterwasafairlytypicalpregnancyforaherentwisdom.Whenweperformsome
neededatreatmentafterthebirthofherblackwomanintheU.S.,Iwasrenderedexistentialservicetomen,tocapital,
daughter.Thetreatmentlikelysavedanincompetentsubjectwithexcep-topoliticalpower,towhitewomenand
Serena’slife.tionalneedsthatfellbeyondthescopeeventoother“peopleofcolor”whoare
TheCentersforDiseaseControlofreasonablehealthcare.marginallyclosertowhitethanthey
andPreventionsaysblackwomenare“BlackbabiesintheUnitedStatesdiearetoblack,thenwearesuperwomen.
morethan200%morelikelytodiefromatjustovertwotimestherateofwhiteWearefulfillingourpurposeinthe
pregnancy-orchildbirth-relatedcausesbabiesinthefirstyearoftheirlife,”saysnaturalorderofthings.When,instead,
thanarewhitewomen.MedicaldoctorsDr.ArthurJames,anob-gynatWexnerblackwomenarestronginserviceof
surelyknowaboutthesedisparities,MedicalCenterattheOhioStateUni-themselves,thatsamestrength,wis-
right?Why,then,wouldaglobalsuper-versityinColumbus.Whenmydaughterdomandwitbecomeevidenceofour
starhavetointervenesodirectlyinherdied,sheandIbecamestatistics.incompetence.
postnatalcare,andwhatdoesthatsayWhatsomanyblackwomenknow
abouthowpoorer,averageblackwomenSOCIOLOGISTPatriciaHillCollinsonceiswhatIlearnedasIsatattheendofa
aretreatedwhentheygivebirth?calledontheideaofcontrollingimages,hallwaywithadeadbabyinmyarms.
Togetthe“healthcare”promisedthosestereotypesthataresopowerful,Thenetworksofcapital,betheypolities
bythehealthcarebureaucracy,ithelpstheyflattenallempiricalstatusdiffer-ororganizations,workmostefficiently
tremendouslyifthebureaucracyas-encesamongagroupofpeopletore-whenyourloweststatuscharacteristic
sumesthatyouarecompetent.Whenducethemtothemostdocile,incompe-isassumed.Andoncethesegearsare
IcalledthenurseandsaidIwasbleed-tentsubjectsinasocialstructure.Whatinmotion,youcanneverbecompetent
ingandinpain,sheneededtohearthatIremembermostabouttheordeal,enoughtosaveyourownlife.
acompetentpersonwasonthephone.groggyfromtraumaandpainandnar-
Instead,somethingaboutmeandthecotics,ishownothingaboutwhoIwasMcMillanCottomisanassistant
interactiondidnotreadascompetent.inanyothercontextmatteredtotheas-professorofsociologyatVirginia
ThatiswhyIwasleftinageneralwait-sumptionsofmyincompetence.IspokeCommonwealthUniversity.Thisessay
ingroomratherthanrushedtoaprivateinthewayonemightexpectofsome-isexcerptedwithpermissionfrom
ILLUSTRATIONBYSHANNONWRIGHTFORTIMEroomwiththeequipmentnecessarytoonewithalotofformaleducation.ITHICK:AndOtherEssays.
21
DIVIDING
LINES
THEHUMAN
FACEOFGLOBAL
MIGRATION
PHOTOGRAPHSBYDAVIDEMONTELEONEFORTIME
MerlinAlfaro,31,and
herchildren,José
LuisGuevara,3,and
MaydelinGuevara,7,
traveledfromtheir
homeinHondurasto
Tijuana,Mexico,atthe
southernU.S.border
withamigrantcaravan
inlate2018
WORLD
MIGRATION
BYHALEYSWEETLANDEDWARDS
FromwhereVioletaMonterrosostood,inamigrant
encampmentnearoneofTijuana’smainborder
crossings,shecouldalmostseeSanDiego,the
shimmeringAmericancityjustbeyondthefrontier
fence.ShecouldseeAmericancarsastheysliddown
ahighwayanddisappearedtowardaghostlyskyline,
andshecouldimaginewhatlayalmostwithinreach.
Butthatpromisedlandwasalsoinfinitelydistant.From
theMexicansideoftheborder,miredininchesofmud
thatreekedofbrokenportabletoilets,theentireU.S.
mightaswellhavebeenamirage.
WhenMonterrosoandherhusbandCándido
CalderónarrivedinlateNovemberwiththeirchildren,
KeniaJasmin,12;Isaac,11;andYeimi,9,theyadded
theirnamestothebottomofalistinathickbook.
Thereweremorethan5,000migrantsaheadofthem
waitingtorequestasylumintheU.S.,andbecauseof
recentchangesinpolicy,Americanauthoritieswere
processingonly40to100requestsaday.Monterroso
andCalderónexpecteditwouldtakemonthsbefore
theirnameswerecalled.
24TIMEFebruary4–11,2019
‘Thereisnobodythatcanprotect
usthere.Wehaveseeninthe
othercases,theykillthepeople
andkilltheirchildren.’
—VIOLETAMONTERROSO
Buttheywerewillingtodowhateverittook.lengesthatcanbeneitherdefinednorcontainedby
GoingbacktoGuatemalawassimplynotanoption,physicalbarriers.Thatgoesforclimatechange,ter-
theysaid.MonterrosoexplainedthatinOctober,rorism,pandemics,nascenttechnologiesandcyber-
theirfamilywasforcedtofleeafteragangthreatenedattacks.Italsoappliestooneofthemostsignificant
tomurderthechildreniftheydidn’tpayanexorbi-globaldevelopmentsofthepastquarter-century:the
tantbribe,fivemonths’worthofprofitsfromtheirunprecedentedexplosionofglobalmigration.
tinyjuicestall.ThefamilyhidforadayandahalfMonterrosoandCalderón,alongwiththethou-
intheirhouseandthensneakedawaybeforedawn.sandsofotherfamilieswhohadgatheredinlateNo-
“Thereisnobodythatcanprotectusthere,”Monter-vemberinencampmentsoutsideTijuana,represent
rososaid.“Wehaveseenintheothercases,theykillatinyfractionoftherecord-breaking258millionin-
thepeopleandkilltheirchildren.”Hervoicecaught.ternationalmigrants,definedbytheU.N.aspeople
“Thefirstthingistohavesecurityforthem,”shesaidlivingoutsidetheircountryofbirth.Thetotalnum-
ofherkids,“thatnothingbadhappenstothem.”berhasmorethandoubledsince1985andballooned
Alltold,morethan159,000migrantsfiledforasy-by36millionsince2010.
lumintheU.S.infiscalyear2018,a274%increaseTheyabandonedtheirhomesfordifferentrea-
over2008.Meanwhile,thetotalnumberofappre-sons:tensofmillionswentinsearchofbetterjobs
CándidoCalderón,
hensionsalongthesouthernborderhasdecreased42,?edGuatemalaorbettereducationormedicalcare,andtensofmil-
substantially—nearly70%sincefiscalyear2000.inmid-Octoberlionsmorehadnochoice.Morethan5.6millionfled
PresidentDonaldTrumphaslabeledthesouthern2018withhisthewarinSyria,andamillionmorewereRohingya,
borderanationalcrisis.HerefusedtosignanybillwifeVioletachasedfromtheirvillagesinMyanmar.Hundreds
fundingthefederalgovernmentthatdidnotincludeMonterroso,42,ofthousandsfledtheirneighborhoodsinCentral
moneyforconstructionofawallalongthefrontier,andtheirchildren,Americaandvillagesinsub-SaharanAfrica,driven
triggeringthelongestshutdowninAmericanhistory,Kenia,12;bypovertyandviolence.Othersweredisplacedby
Isaac,11;and
andwhenDemocratsrefusedtobudge,hethreat-Yeimi,9(picturedcatastrophicweatherlinkedtoclimatechange.
enedtoformallyinvokeemergencypowers.TheonthepreviousTakenoneatatime,eachisanindividual,amix-
Presidentsaysthebarrier,whichwasthecenter-page).Gangtureofstrengthsandweaknesses,hopeanddespair.
pieceofhiselectioncampaign,isneededtothwartmembersButcollectively,theyrepresentsomethinggreater
adangerous“invasion”ofundocumentedforeigners.threatenedtothanthesumoftheirparts.Theforcesthatpushed
Butthesituationonthesouthernborder,howeverkillCalderónandthemfromtheirhomeshavecombinedwithaseries
thepoliticalbattleinWashingtonplaysout,willcon-Monterroso’sofglobalfactorsthatpulledthemabroad:thelong
tinuetofrustratethisU.S.President,andlikelyhischildreniftheydidpeacethatfollowedtheColdWarinthedeveloped
notpayroughly
successorstoo,andnotjustbecauseofcontinuing$1,200—theworld,theaccompanyingexpansionofinternational
caravansmakingtheirwaytothedesertsouthwest.equivalentof?vetravel,liberalizedpoliciesforrefugeesandtherela-
MonthsofreportingbyTIMEcorrespondentsaroundmonths’incometivewealthofdevelopedcountries,especiallyinEu-
theworldrevealastubbornreality:wearelivingfromthefamily’sropeandtheU.S.,theNo.1destinationformigrants.
todayinaglobalsocietyincreasinglyroiledbychal-juicestallTheforceistidalandhasnotbeenreversedbywalls,
26TIMEFebruary4–11,2019
WORLD
MIGRATION
byseparatingchildrenfromtheirparentsorbyde-
ployingtroops.Weretheworld’stotalpopulation
ofinternationalmigrantsin2018gatheredfromthe
placeswheretheyhavesoughtnewlivesandplaced
underoneflag,theywouldbeitsfifthlargestcountry.
Themassmovementofpeoplehaschangedthe
worldbothforbetterandforworse.Migrantstend
tobeproductive.Thoughworldwidetheymakeup
about3%ofthepopulation,in2015theygenerated
about9%ofglobalGDP,accordingtotheU.N.Much
ofthatmoneyiswiredhome—$480billionin2017,
alsoaccordingtotheU.N.—wherethecashhasim-
menseimpact.Somewillpayforthepassageofthe
nextmigrant,andthesmartphoneheorshewillkeep
closeathand.Thetechnologynotonlymakesthe
journeymoreefficientandsafer—smugglersidentify
theirclientsbyphotosoninstantmessaging—but,
uponarrival,allowsthosewholefttokeepincon-
stantcontactwiththosewhoremainbehind,across
oceansandtimezones.
Yetattentionoflateismostlyfocusedontheim-
pactonhostcountries.There,nationalleadershave
grappledwithapowerfulirony:thewaysinwhich
theyreacttonewmigrants—tactically,politically,
culturally—shapethemasmuchasthemigrants
themselvesdo.Insomecountries,migrantshave
beenwelcomedbycrowdsattrainstations.Inoth-
ers,imagesofmigrantsmovinginmiles-longcara-
vansthroughCentralAmericaorspillingoutofboats
onMediterraneanshoreswerewieldedtopersuade
native-borncitizenstolockdownborders,narrow
socialsafetynetsandjettisonlong-standinghumani-
tariancommitmentstothoseinneed.
TheU.S.,thoughfoundedbyEuropeansfleeing
persecution,nowlargelyreflectsthewillofitsChief
Executive:subvertingdecadesofasylumlawandim-
posingapolicythatseparatedmigranttoddlersfrom
theirparentsandplacedchildrenbehindcyclone
fencing.Trumpfloatedthepossibilityofrevoking
birthrightcitizenship,characterizedmigrantsas
“stonecoldcriminals”andordered5,800active-duty
U.S.troopstoreinforcethesouthernborder.Italy
refusedtoallowshipscarryingrescuedmigrantsto
dockatitsports.Hungarypassedlawstocriminal-
izetheactofhelpingundocumentedpeople.Anti-
immigrantleaderssawtheirpoliticalpowergrowin
theCzechRepublic,Slovenia,Sweden,Germany,
Finland,ItalyandHungary,andmigrationcontin-
uedtobeafactorintheBrexitdebateintheU.K.
Thesepoliticalreactionsfailtograpplewitha
hardtruth:inthelongrun,newmigrationisnearly
alwaysaboontohostcountries.Inactingasentre-
preneursandinnovators,andbyprovidinginex-
pensivelabor,immigrantsoverwhelminglyrepay
inlong-termeconomiccontributionswhattheyuse
inshort-termsocialservices,studiesshow.Butto
maximizethatfuturegood,governmentsmustact
rationallytoestablishhumanepoliciesandade-
28TIMEFebruary4–11,2019
TheU.S.borderviewed
fromTijuana,whereit
meetsthePaci?cOcean
29
quatelyfundanimmigrationsystemequippedtodals,despitethecrispDecemberweather,andwhen
handleaninfluxofnewcomers.shespeaks,hereyesperiodicallybrimwithtears.But
Itisimpossible,ofcourse,forindividualmigrantssheseemslessnervousthanrelieved.Sheandher
likeMonterrosoandCalderóntofullyappreciate11-year-olddaughterYaquelinYohanaGarcíaCon-
theirroleinthisimmenseglobalmovement.Whentrerasaretogethernow,shesays,safeintheU.S.,
theyleftGuatemalaonthatdarkmorning,theycouldthankstothegraceofGod.
hardlyconsiderthenewsfootagethatwouldframeIt’sbeenalongyear.AlbertinaandYaquelinfled
themigrantcaravanasacolumnaimedatbreach-theirhomeinCubulco,Guatemala,inearlyMay.It
ingtheU.S.homeland.Buttheygotasenseofthingstookthemthreeweeksand$6,000borrowedforthe
whentheyarrived.InTijuana,KeniaandYeimiknelttrip.Albertina,27,saysthatforyearsshewasraped
onasidewalk,piecingtogetheraFrozen-themedjig-andbeatenbydifferentmeninhertown,andshe’s
sawpuzzle.Butjustacrosstheborder,U.S.soldiers,worriedthatYaquelin,hereldest,whoisatthatten-
freshfromoverseasdeployments,gatheredtodefendderagebetweenchildhoodandadolescence,would
theU.S.againstpeoplelikethem.Thesoundofamil-soonfaceasimilarfate.“She’sonthecuspofthat
itarychoppercuttheair.timeperiodofbeing13or14yearsold,andthat’s
whenthegirlsgetpickedup,”saysAlbertina,de-
INMURFREESBORO,TENN.,AlbertinaContrerasscribingtheubiquitoussexualviolencethatmany
sitsinafoldingchairbehindaMexicanrestaurantCentralAmericanwomenendure.Shewaitstore-
justdownthestreetfromthesmallbrickhouseshecountdetailsofherownhorrificassaultsuntilher
shareswithtwootherfamilies.Shewearsbrownsan-daughterisoutofearshot.“Therearealotofwomen
30TIMEFebruary4–11,2019
inmycountrywhoarekilled,”shesays.separatedfromtheirparentsattheU.S.borderlast
TravelingtotheU.S.feltlikealastrefugetoAlber-year.Sessionspresenteditascommonsense.Peo-
tinaandYaquelin,butwhentheycrossedintoTexasplewhocrosstheborderillegallyarecommittinga
justbeforedawninlateMay,theystumbledintoacrime,heexplained,andthereforemustservejail
differentkindofnightmare.Afewhoursaftertheyar-time.Andsincechildrencan’tbejailedwiththeir
rived,U.S.officialsforcedthemapart.Noonewouldparents,theymustberemovedfromtheirfamilies.
tellAlbertinawheretheyweretakingherdaughter,“It’sthatsimple,”Sessionssaid.“Ifyoudon’tlike
andnoonetoldYaquelinwhenshewouldseeherthat,thendon’tsmugglechildrenoverourborder.”
momagain.“It’shumiliation,”Albertinasays.“TheyThepolicywasunprecedentedinmodernU.S.im-
tellyou,‘You’reillegal.Whatareyoudoinginourmigrationhistoryand,becauseofit,Americanoffi-
country?Youknowthey’regoingtodeportyou.’”cials,followingfederalorders,actedenmassetode-
Theworstpartwasthatshehadnowayofcontact-Fromleft:Maríatainchildren.Becauseofpoorrecordkeeping,scores
ingherdaughter,andwhenshefinallygotheronHerreraLarios,22;ofparentsweredeportedwithouttheirkids,advocacy
thephoneinearlyJuly,allthegirldidwascry.TheyManuelOmarMezagroupssay,andhundredsofmigrantchildrenmay
wereseparatedformorethanamonth,aneternity.Girón,20;andenduppermanentlyinU.S.fostercare.Officialsare
DavidMaldonado,
AlbertinaandYaquelindidn’tknowitatthetime,31,all?edtheirstillscramblingtofigureouthowmanyfamiliesmay
buttheywerecaughtupinamajorshiftinU.S.policyhomesinHondurashavebeentornapart.AJanuary2019reportfromthe
towardasylumseekers.AnnouncedbyformerAttor-totravelwithaDepartmentofHealthandHumanServicesrevealed
neyGeneralJeffSessionsinApril2018,itresultedinmigrantcaravanthattheTrumpAdministrationmayhavebegun
untoldthousandsofchildrenunder18beingforciblytoTijuanaseparatingchildrenfromtheirfamiliesattheU.S.
31
FranciscoSoto,23,and
DarileniRodríguez,25,
lefttheirhomein
Hondurastojointhe
migrantcaravanwith
theirthreechildren
intow:Frederick
Rodríguez,2;Sharon
PérezRodríguez,3
(twinonleft);andRous
PérezRodríguez,3
(twinonright)
‘Ihavewalkedalongway.Ihave
faithingettingtotheotherside,
andifIdon’tmakeit,well,that
isthewillofGod.’
—DAVIDMALDONADO,31
borderin2017,longbeforeSessionsannouncedthe9-mmpistol,onceineachleg,justabovetheknee,
newpolicy.Thousandsmorechildrenmayhavebeenfortakingajobonaconstructionsitecontrolledby
separatedfromtheirfamiliesthanpreviouslyknown.arivalgang?WhataboutLuz,whofledHonduras
WhiletheTrumpAdministration,inthefaceofwithafreshcesareanscarbecauseherhusbandbeat
intense,bipartisanpoliticalpressure,eventuallydis-hersoviolentlyshefearedhe’dkillhernexttime?
tanceditselffromtheeffort,thequestionattheheartTherearenoeasypolicyanswerstotheseques-
ofthepolicyremainedunanswered:Whatmoralob-tions,nohard-and-fastalgorithmthatdecides
ligationdowealthynationsliketheU.S.owetothewhetherAlbertinaandYaquelingettostayinTen-
world’smostvulnerable?Or,toputthatanotherway:nessee.What’sclear,however,isthattwoyearsinto
TowhomshouldAmericansgrantrefuge?Trump’spresidency,hisblack-and-whiteapproach
Inthepast,policymakersattemptedtoanswertoimmigrationishavingameasurableeffect,accord-
thatquestionprecisely.WhentheU.S.signedtheingtoSyracuseUniversity’sTransactionalRecords
1967U.N.refugeeprotocols,arefugeewasdefinedasAccessClearinghouse.ByJune2018,lessthan15%
someoneoutsidehiscountryoforiginwhoisafraidtoofpeopleapplyingforasylumwereallowedtopro-
returnbecauseofpersecution“forreasonsofrace,re-ceedthroughtheprocess,downfromnearly33%a
ligion,nationality,membershipofaparticularsocialyearearlier.Andasoflastyear,theU.S.agreedtoac-
group,orpoliticalopinion.”In1979,Congresspassedceptfewerrefugeesthanithasinmorethan40years.
theRefugeeAct,committingtheU.S.bylawtogrant
asylumtoanyonewhometthatdescription.ButinaAMERICANSAREHARDLYALONEinfindingtheir
changingworld,manyoftheinternationalmigrantsnationshapedbyitsreactiontowavesofnewcomers.
arrivingattheU.S.bordernolongerfitneatlyinanyThecollapseoftheVenezuelaneconomyhasdriven
legalcategory.TheColdWarrefugeeprotocolsaremorethan3millionpeopleintoneighboringcoun-
silentaboutmigrantsfleeingrapeorcorruptpolicetries.Andviolenceinsub-SaharanAfrica,theMiddle
harassment,orclimate-relateddestruction,orhun-EastandAfghanistanhasmadeUganda,Kenya,Tur-
gersoseverethatkidswakeupeverynightcrying.key,Jordan,LebanonandPakistanintotheworld’s
DarileniRodríguez,25,leftHonduraswithherlargestrefugeecamps.Europe,whichfrom2015to
husband,her3-year-oldtwingirlsandherniece,2016receivedroughly2millionnewmigrants,mostly
becausetheydidn’thaveenoughfood.“Some-fromtheMiddleEastandAfrica,isseeingthepoliti-
timesyougooneday,twodays,withouteating,”callandscaperemadeinmanycountriesasaresult.
shesaid.“Icantakeit,butthechildrencan’t.”Pa-SamiBaladiandMireyDarwich,whofledtheir
triciaHernández,39,fledhertowninElSalvadormiddle-classhomeinAleppo,Syria,in2013,were
whenshewasrapedandstabbedafterbeingac-CarlosGuerra,62,amongthefirstwaveofSyrianstoarriveonEuro-
cusedofreportingagangmurdertopolice.Shouldtraveledwithapeanshores.Theybothrememberthedaytheyleft
eitherqualifyforasylum?WhataboutDavidMal-migrantcaravanwithsearingclarity.Thewarhadcomeclose,and
donado,31,awiryconstructionworkerwhofledfromhishomeintheyfearedfortheirtwoyoungdaughters’lives.They
HondurasaftergangmembersshothimwithaCopán,HondurascalledafriendandclimbedintothebackofSami’s
34TIMEFebruary4–11,2019 |
|
