高考英语短文改错真题中考察的知识点

高考英语短文改错真题中考察的知识点（附答案）冠词有误1．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Butinthatcase,wewilllearn
littleaboutworld.world前加the[world是独一无二的事物，前面要加定冠词the。]2．(201
5·全国卷Ⅰ)NowIamlivinginacity,butImissmyhomeincountrysi
de.countryside前加the[inthecountryside为固定短语，意为“在乡下”，故countrysi
de前加the。]名词、数词有误1．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Myuncletellsmethatthekeytohi
ssuccessishonest.honest→honesty[考查词性误用。主语是thekey，与表语构成同位关系，
并非对主语的描述，故用名词。]2．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Theteenageyearfrom13to19weret
hemostdifficulttimeforme.year→years[13至19岁的那几年，要用名词的复数形式。]
3．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Theairswebreatheinisgettingdirtieranddirtie
r.airs→air[air为不可数名词，故应把airs改为air。]介词有误1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Itwasar
eliefandIcametoasuddenstopjustinthemiddleontheroad.
on→of[inthemiddleof...为固定搭配，意为“在……的中间”。]2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)WhenI
lookatthispictureofmyself，Irealizeofhowfasttimeflies.
去掉第二个of[realize意识到，为及物动词，后面直接跟宾语。]3．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Unfortunately,o
nthedevelopmentofindustrialization,theenvironmenthasbeen
polluted.on→with[表示“随着……的发展”，应用withthedevelopmentof，with表示“随
着……”。]形容词、副词有误1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Theyoftengetupearlierandwaterth
evegetablestogether.earlier→early[此处叙述他们经常早起这一事实，没有比较的意思，故不能用
比较级。]2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Ienjoyedstudyingdifferentkindsofcarsand
planes,playingpopmusic,andcollectingthelatemusicalbums.
late→latest[latest意为“最新的；最近的”，而late表示“晚的”，此处表示“最新的音乐专辑”，应用latest
。]3．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife
.worse→worst[and之前用了best，与之并列也应用最高级，表示“最好的”和“最差的”。]4．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ
)Atonetime,Ievenfeltmyparentscouldn''tunderstandmesoI
hopedIcouldbefreelyfromthem.freely→free[befreefrom摆脱，fr
ee作系动词be的表语。]5．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Muchrareanimalsaredyingout.Much→M
any[much修饰不可数名词，rareanimals为可数名词复数形式，故应把Much改为Many。]6．(2015·全国卷
Ⅱ)DadandIwereterribleworried.terrible→terribly[修饰形容词worrie
d应用副词。]代词有误1．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Fiveminuteslater,Tonysawparents.par
ents前加his[结合语境可知，此处的parents不应是泛指而是指Tony的父母，故在parents前加his。]连接词、从
句引导词有误1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Aroundmeinthepicturearethethingstheyw
ereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime:carmagazinesandmus
icalinstruments.they→that/which[things是先行词，后面是定语从句，they不能引导定语从
句，故用that/which引导。]2．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)Afterlookingatthetoyforsome
time,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.
where→that或去掉where[found后为宾语从句，引导词不作句子成分只起连接作用，应用that引导，而且that可省
略。]谓语动词有误1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Ihadgrownnotonlyphysically,butalso
mentallyinthepastfewyears.had→have[通过时间状语inthepastfewy
ears可判定应用现在完成时。]2．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)Everydayhemakessurethatfreshv
egetablesandhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.using→used
[freshvegetablesandhighqualityoil与use之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。]3．(2015
·全国卷Ⅱ)Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.begun→began[这里是对过去发生的事情的
客观叙述，应用一般过去时，故begun应改为began。]非谓语动词有误1．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)IshowedthemI
wasindependentbywearstrangeclothes.wear→wearing[bydoings
th.通过做某事。by为介词，后跟动词-ing形式。]助动词、情态动词和虚拟语气有误1．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Wecancho
sebetweenstayingathomeandtakingatrip.chose→choose[情态动词后
跟动词原形，chose的原形是choose。]2．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Someclassmatessuggestweca
ngotoplacesofinterestnearby.去掉can或can→should[suggest在此处表示
“建议”，后跟宾语从句时用虚拟语气，谓语动词为“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。]3．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Wem
ustfoundwaystoprotectourenvironment.found→find[情态动词后跟动词原形
，found的原形是find。]4．(2015·四川高考)Ifyouareme,wouldyoutalktothe
m?are→were[根据语境，此处是对现在事实的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词应用一般过去时。]时态不一致1．(2016·全
国卷Ⅰ)Thoughnotverybig,therestaurantispopularinourarea.I
tisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleeve
nhadtowaitoutside.had→have[由前面的两个动词is可知，时态是一般现在时，根据时态的一致性，后
面的句子也应用一般现在时。]2．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Ithoughtthatitisagoodidea.Itd
oesnotcostmuch,yetwecanstilllearnalot.thought→think[由
is，does和can可判断句子的主体时态为一般现在时，根据时态的一致性，应把thought改为think。]3．(2015·全国
卷Ⅰ)WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwou
ldbehappythere.think→thought[这两句话是回忆童年的事情，由was，hoped和would也
可知时态应为过去时，根据时态的一致性，把think改为thought。]指代不一致1．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Thispictur
eoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofyourhighschool
days.your→my[此处是以作者的口吻写的，这张照片经常让我想起“我的高中生活”。]2．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Ifw
egoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenyourviewandgainknowledgewecannotgetfrombooks.your→our[由前面的wegoonatrip和wecanbroaden可知，应把your改为our。]................................................................................................................................................1