WilliamShakespeareTheTwoGentlemenofVeronaACTⅠSCENEI.VERONA.AN
OPENPLACE.SPEED.Twentytoone,then,heisshipp’dalready,And
Ihaveplay’dthesheep,inlosinghim.PROTEUSIndeed,asheepdo
thveryoftenstray.Andiftheshepherdbeawhileaway.SPEED.Yo
uconcludethatmymasterisashepherd,then,andIasheep?PROT
EUS.Ido.SPEED.Whythen,myhornsarehishorns,whetherIwakeo
rsleep.PROTEUS.Asillyanswer,andfittingwellasheep.SPEED.
Thisprovesmestillasheep.PROTEUS.True;andthymasterashep
herd.SPEED.Nay,thatIcandenybyacircumstance.PROTEUS.Itshal
lgohardbutI''llproveitbyanother.SPEED.Theshepherdseekst
hesheep,andnotthesheeptheshepherd;butIseekmymaster,a
ndmymasterseeksnotme;therefore,Iamnosheep.PROTEUS.Thes
heepforfodderfollowtheshepherd;theshepherdforfoodfollow
snotthesheep:thouforwagesfollowestthymaster;thymaster
forwagesfollowsnotthee.Therefore,thouartasheep.SPEED.Suc
hanotherproofwillmakemecry''baa.''PROTEUS.But,dostthouhea
r?gavestthoumylettertoJulia?SPEED.Ay,sir;I,alostmutton,
gaveyourlettertoher,alacedmutton;andshe,alacedmutton,
gaveme,alostmutton,nothingformylabour.PROTEUS.Here''stoo
smallapastureforsuchstoreofmuttons.SPEED.Ifthegroundbe
overcharged,youwerebeststickher.PROTEUS.Nay,inthatyouare
astray:''twerebestpoundyou.分析：对话中多次出现sheep（羊）和mutton（羊肉，在此代指羊）
，出现了一次baa（羊叫声，咩）。羊是羊亚科的统称，哺乳纲、偶蹄目、牛科、羊亚科，是人类的家畜之一。Sheep还代指胆小鬼;?易受
人摆布的人;?缺乏主见或轻易盲从的人，文中用来代指仆人斯皮德，并将他的主人瓦伦坦比喻为牧羊人。文中普洛蒂阿斯将斯皮德比喻为羊，斯皮
德不满，而后两人各自提供论证证明自己观点。随后作者切换sheep为mutton，mutton有一个习语用法为：muttondre
ssedaslamb，指扮俏的女人；老来俏。与文中普洛蒂阿斯的心上人朱丽亚相对应。ACTIISCENEI.MILAN.A
ROOMINTHEDUKE''SPALACE.SPEED.Marry,bythesespecialmarks:
first,youhavelearned,likeSirProteus,towreathyourarmsli
keamalcontent;torelishalove-song,likearobin-redbreast;t
owalkalone,likeonethathadthepestilence;tosigh,likeas
chool-boythathadlosthisABC;toweep,likeayoungwenchth
athadburiedhergrandam;tofast,likeonethattakesdiet;to
watch,likeonethatfearsrobbing;tospeakpuling,likeabegga
ratHallowmas.Youwerewont,whenyoulaughed,tocrowlikeac
ock;whenyouwalked,towalklikeoneofthelions;whenyoufas
ted,itwaspresentlyafterdinner;whenyoulookedsadly,itwas
forwantofmoney.Andnowyouaremetamorphosedwithamistress
,that,whenIlookonyou,Icanhardlythinkyoumymaster.分析：r
obin-redbreast（红襟和更鸟，知更鸟），知更鸟又称欧亚鸲，属鹟科（Turdidae）鸟类。是一种小型鸣禽，代表爱情；是
一种善良、本分的象征。文中用来比喻瓦伦坦的恋爱迹象。cock（公鸡，雄鸡），公鸡，是一种家禽，寓意英勇、顽强、好斗。lion（狮子
），猫科动物，狮子在大自然中被称为百兽之王，是权威的象征，通常被视为智慧、力量、英勇的化身。Cock与lion用来比喻瓦伦坦恋爱前
的状态。SPEED.Ay,buthearken,sir;thoughthechameleonLovecanfee
dontheair,Iamonethatamnourishedbymyvictuals,andwoul
dfainhavemeat.O!benotlikeyourmistress!Bemoved,bemove
d.分析：chameleon（变色蜥蜴，变色龙），学名叫避役，蜥蜴亚目(Sauria)避役科(Chamaeleontidae)爬行
类，文中借指爱情中善变的人。SCENEII.VERONA.AROOMINJULIA''SHOUSE.SCENEIII.
THESAME.ASTREET[EnterLAUNCE,leadingadog.]LAUNCE.Nay,''twi
llbethishourereIhavedoneweeping;allthekindoftheLaun
ceshavethisveryfault.Ihavereceivedmyproportion,likethe
prodigiousson,andamgoingwithSirProteustotheimperial''s
court.IthinkCrabmydogbethesourest-natureddogthatlives:
mymotherweeping,myfatherwailing,mysistercrying,ourmaid
howling,ourcatwringingherhands,andallourhouseinagrea
tperplexity;yetdidnotthiscruel-heartedcurshedonetear.H
eisastone,averypebblestone,andhasnomorepityinhimth
anadog;aJewwouldhavewepttohaveseenourparting;why,my
grandamhavingnoeyes,lookyou,weptherselfblindatmyparti
ng.Nay,I''llshowyouthemannerofit.Thisshoeismyfather;
no,thisleftshoeismyfather;no,no,leftshoeismymother;
nay,thatcannotbesoneither;yes,itisso,itisso,ithath
theworsersole.Thisshoewiththeholeinitismymother,and
thismyfather.Avengeanceon''t!There''tis:now,sir,thissta
ffismysister,for,lookyou,sheisaswhiteasalilyandas
smallasawand;thishatisNanourmaid;Iamthedog;no,the
dogishimself,andIamthedog--O!thedogisme,andIammyse
lf;ay,so,so.NowcomeItomyfather:''Father,yourblessing.''
Nowshouldnottheshoespeakawordforweeping;nowshouldIk
issmyfather;well,heweepson.NowcomeItomymother;--O,th
atshecouldspeaknowlikeawoodwoman!Well,Ikissher;whyt
here''tis;here''smymother''sbreathupanddown.NowcomeItom
ysister;markthemoanshemakes.Nowthedogallthiswhileshe
dsnotatear,norspeaksaword;butseehowIlaythedustwith
mytears.[EnterPANTHINO.]分析：dog（狗）属于脊索动物门、脊椎动物亚门、哺乳纲、真兽亚纲、食肉目、裂
脚亚目、犬科动物。狗是人类最好的朋友，而文中所有人都在为朗斯的即将离开而伤心，只有这条狗不为所动，有对比的作用。Cat（猫）属于猫
科动物，文中分别时连猫都搓爪子，用来与狗的冷漠作对比。PANTHINO.Launce,away,away,aboard!T
hymasterisshipped,andthouarttopostafterwithoars.What''
sthematter?Whyweep''stthou,man?Away,ass!You''lllosethet
ideifyoutarryanylonger.LAUNCE.Itisnomatterifthetiedwe
relost;foritistheunkindesttiedthateveranymantied.PANT
HINO.What''stheunkindesttide?LAUNCE.Why,hethat''stiedhere,C
rab,mydog.分析：ass（驴），此处指蠢人，笨蛋。此处Dog（狗）含义同上。SCENEIV.MILAN.ARO
OMINTHEDUKE''SPALACE.SILVIA.What,angry,SirThurio!Doyouc
hangecolour?VALENTINE.Givehimleave,madam;heisakindofcha
meleon.THURIO.Thathathmoremindtofeedonyourbloodthanlive
inyour-air.分析：chameleon（变色蜥蜴，变色龙），同上。此处指善变的人。SCENEV.THESAME
.ASTREETLAUNCENo,theyarebothaswholeasafish.分析：fish（鱼），属
于脊索动物门中的脊椎动物亚门。此处用像一整条鱼一样完整来比喻普洛蒂阿斯与朱丽亚的关系。SPEED.Whatanassart
thou!Iunderstandtheenot.分析：ass（驴），此处指蠢人，笨蛋。SPEED.Buttellme
true,will''tbeamatch?LAUNCE.Askmydog.Ifhesayay,itwil
l;ifhesayno,itwill;ifheshakehistailandsaynothing,i
twill.SPEED.Theconclusionis,then,thatitwill.分析：dog（狗），狗常被认
为是人类忠实的朋友，此处借狗来回答问题，而狗本身又不能说话，表示了斯皮德对问题答案的肯定。SPEED.Why,thouwhor
esonass,thoumistak''stme.分析：ass（驴），此处指蠢人，笨蛋。ACTIIISCENEI.MI
LAN.ANANTEROOMINTHEDUKE''SPALACE.LAUNCE.Iambutafool,lo
okyou,andyetIhavethewittothinkmymasterisakindofa
knave;butthat''salloneifhebebutoneknave.Helivesnotno
wthatknowsmetobeinlove;yetIaminlove;butateamofho
rseshallnotpluckthatfromme;norwho''tisIlove;andyet''t
isawoman;butwhatwomanIwillnottellmyself;andyet''tisa
milkmaid;yet''tisnotamaid,forshehathhadgossips;yet''ti
samaid,forsheishermaster''smaidandservesforwages.She
hathmorequalitiesthanawater-spaniel--whichismuchinabare
Christian.[Pullingoutapaper.]Hereisthecatelogofhercon
dition.''Inprimis:Shecanfetchandcarry.''Why,ahorsecando
nomore:nay,ahorsecannotfetch,butonlycarry;thereforeis
shebetterthanajade.''Item:Shecanmilk.''Lookyou,asweetv
irtueinamaidwithcleanhands.分析：water-spaniel（水猎犬），水猎犬即杜亚楚，是一
种民间传说生物和神秘生物。它就像一只狗和一只水獭尽管偶尔会被描述成半犬，半鱼。它生活在水中具有保护性能的皮毛。水猎犬本领强大，此处
用来称赞朗斯喜欢的婢女。Horse（马），脊椎动物亚门（Vertebrata）、哺乳纲（Mammalia）、奇蹄目（Perisso
dactyla）、马科（Equidae）、马属（Equus）、马（Equus?caballus）。马是人类的好帮手，而朗斯喜欢的婢
女比马还要好，用来夸赞她。SCENEII.THESAME.AROOMINTHEDUKE''SPALACE.PROT
EUS.SaythatuponthealtarofherbeautyYousacrificeyourtea
rs,yoursighs,yourheart.Writetillyourinkbedry,andwithy
ourtearsMoistitagain,andframesomefeelinglineThatmaydis
coversuchintegrity:ForOrpheus''lutewasstrungwithpoets''sin
ews,Whosegoldentouchcouldsoftensteelandstones,Maketigers
tame,andhugeleviathansForsakeunsoundeddeepstodanceonsand
s.Afteryourdire-lamentingelegies,Visitbynightyourlady''sch
amber-windowWithsomesweetconsort:totheirinstrumentsTunead
eploringdump;thenight''sdeadsilenceWillwellbecomesuchswee
t-complaininggrievance.This,orelsenothing,willinherither.
分析：tiger（老虎），大型猫科动物。hugeleviathan（巨兽），leviathan指庞然大物，是《圣经》中的怪兽利维
坦。使老虎被驯服，巨兽离开大海而到沙滩上跳舞，用来说明音乐的巨大作用。ACTIVSCENEII.MILAN.THECOU
RTOFTHEDUKE''SPALACE.PROTEUS.AlreadyhaveIbeenfalsetoVal
entine,AndnowImustbeasunjusttoThurio.Underthecolouro
fcommendinghim,Ihaveaccessmyownlovetoprefer:ButSilvia
istoofair,tootrue,tooholy,Tobecorruptedwithmyworthle
ssgifts.WhenIprotesttrueloyaltytoher,Shetwitsmewithm
yfalsehoodtomyfriend;WhentoherbeautyIcommendmyvows,Sh
ebidsmethinkhowIhavebeenforswornInbreakingfaithwithJ
uliawhomIlov''d;Andnotwithstandingallhersuddenquips,The
leastwhereofwouldquellalover''shope,Yet,spaniel-like,the
moreshespurnsmyloveThemoreitgrows,andfawnethonherstil
l.ButherecomesThurio.Nowmustwetoherwindow,Andgivesomee
veningmusictoherear.分析：spaniel（西班牙猎犬），喻指忠诚，谄媚。此处指我对西尔维亚的忠诚与讨好
。SCENEIV.THESAME.[EnterLAUNCEwithhisdog.]LAUNCE.Whenaman
''sservantshallplaythecurwithhim,lookyou,itgoeshard;o
nethatIbroughtupofapuppy;onethatIsavedfromdrowning,
whenthreeorfourofhisblindbrothersandsisterswenttoit.
Ihavetaughthim,evenasonewouldsayprecisely''ThusIwould
teachadog.''IwassenttodeliverhimasapresenttoMistress
Silviafrommymaster;andIcamenosoonerintothedining-chamb
er,buthestepsmetohertrencherandstealshercapon''sleg.O
!''tisafoulthingwhenacurcannotkeephimselfinallcompani
es!Iwouldhave,asoneshouldsay,onethattakesuponhimtob
eadogindeed,tobe,asitwere,adogatallthings.IfIhad
nothadmorewitthanhe,totakeafaultuponmethathedid,I
thinkverilyhehadbeenhang''dfor''t;sureasIlive,hehadsuf
fer''dfor''t;youshalljudge.Hethrustsmehimselfintothecompa
nyofthreeorfourgentleman-likedogsundertheduke''stable;h
ehadnotbeenthere--blessthemark,apissing-while,butallth
echambersmelthim.''Outwiththedog!''saysone;''Whatcuristha
t?''saysanother;''Whiphimout''saysthethird;''Hanghimup''say
stheduke.I,havingbeenacquaintedwiththesmellbefore,knew
itwasCrab,andgoesmetothefellowthatwhipsthedogs:''Fri
end,''quothI''youmeantowhipthedog?''''Ay,marrydoI,''quot
hhe.''Youdohimthemorewrong,''quothI;"twasIdidthething
youwotof.''Hemakesmenomoreado,butwhipsmeoutofthecha
mber.Howmanymasterswoulddothisforhisservant?Nay,I''llb
esworn,Ihavesatinthestockforpuddingshehathstolen,othe
rwisehehadbeenexecuted;Ihavestoodonthepilloryforgeese
hehathkilled,otherwisehehadsufferedfor''t.Thouthink''stn
otofthisnow.Nay,Irememberthetrickyouserv''dmewhenIto
okmyleaveofMadamSilvia:didnotIbidtheestillmarkmeand
doasIdo?Whendidstthouseemeheaveupmylegandmakewate
ragainstagentlewoman''sfarthingale?Didstthoueverseemedo
suchatrick?分析：puppy指小狗，幼犬；dog指狗，犬。此处大篇幅描写狗，暗喻人。Geese（鹅），用来陈述狗的
罪行，鹅被狗咬死。LAUNCE.Marry,sir,IcarriedMistressSilviathedogyou
bademe.PROTEUS.Andwhatsaysshetomylittlejewel?LAUNCE.Marr
y,shesaysyourdogwasacur,andtellsyoucurrishthanksisg
oodenoughforsuchapresent.PROTEUS.Butshereceivedmydog?LAU
NCE.No,indeed,didshenot:herehaveIbroughthimbackagain.P
ROTEUS.What!didstthouofferherthisfromme?LAUNCE.Ay,sir;th
eothersquirrelwasstolenfrommebythehangmanboysinthema
rket-place;andthenIofferedhermineown,whoisadogasbig
astenofyours,andthereforethegiftthegreater.PROTEUS.Go,
gettheehenceandfindmydogagain,Orne''erreturnagaininto
mysight.Away,Isay.Stay’stthoutovexmehere?Aslavethat
stillanendturnsmetoshame!分析：dog（狗），普洛蒂阿斯的仆人朗斯给西尔维亚阴差阳错送了狗，而
狗喻义忠诚，此处是对普洛蒂阿斯的讽刺。Squirrel（松鼠），与狗作对比。ACTVSCENEI.MILAN.ANABB
EYSCENEIV.ANOTHERPARTOFTHEFOREST.[EnterVALENTINE.]VALENTIN
E.Howusedothbreedahabitinaman!Thisshadowydesert,unfre
quentedwoods,Ibetterbrookthanflourishingpeopledtowns.HerecanIsitalone,unseenofany,Andtothenightingale''scomplainingnotesTunemydistressesandrecordmywoes.Othouthatdostinhabitinmybreast,Leavenotthemansionsolongtenantless,Lest,growingruinous,thebuildingfallAndleavenomemoryofwhatitwas!Repairmewiththypresence,Silvia!Thougentlenymph,cherishthyforlornswain.分析：nightingale（夜莺），雀形目鹟科的一种鸟。此处用来传达瓦伦坦的愁苦与幽伤。SILVIA.HadIbeenseizedbyahungrylion,Iwouldhavebeenabreakfasttothebeast,RatherthanhavefalseProteusrescueme.O!heavenbejudgehowIloveValentine,Whoselife''sastendertomeasmysoul,Andfullasmuch—formoretherecannotbe—Idodetestfalse,perjur''dProteus.Thereforebegone;solicitmenomore.分析：lion（狮子），大型猫科动物。此处西尔维亚宁愿成为饿狮的早餐也不愿被普洛蒂阿斯救出，说明在西尔维亚心中，普洛蒂阿斯比饿狮还无情可怕。 |
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