SirIsaacNewtonByRowenaSirIsaacNewton(1643-1727)BornonJanuary4,
1643.InWoolsthorpe(伍尔索普),Lincolnshire（林肯郡）,England.Wherehew
asraisedbyhisgrandmother.HislifeInoptics,hediscoveredtha
twhitelightiscomposedofallthecolorsofthespectrum.Inth
efieldofphysics,Newtonestablishedhisnameasoneofthemos
toutstandingandinfluentialfiguresinthehistoryofnaturals
cience.ThelawoftheuniversalgravitationDeducedtheorbitof
comets,tides,andeventheminutedeparturesfromellipticalorb
itsonthepartoftheplanets.TheLawofTheUniversalGravitat
ionItstatesthatallobjectsareattractedtoeachotherbygrav
ity;theforceoftheattractiondependsonthemassoftheobjec
tsanddecreasesbasedonthedistancebetweenthem.TheThreeLa
wsofMotionLaw#1:LawofInertiaLaw#2:F=maLaw#3:Action/Reacti
onPhilosophiaeNaturalisPrincipiaMathematica(MathematicalPrinc
iplesofNaturalPhilosophy),1687Thisworkhadprovidedthefound
ationforastronomy,physicsandmechanicsuntilthe20thcentury
.Newton''sanalyticalmethod,thewayheapproachednaturallawsb
yobservation,experimentandcalculation,begantobeappliedto
humansociety,toallbranchesofknowledgeandthought.TheEng
lishpoetAlexanderPopewroteofNewton:Natureandnature''slaws
layhidinnight,Godsaid,“LetNewtonbe,”andallwaslight.
However,sinceEinsteindiscoveredthelawofrelativity,theNe
wtoniansystemhasbeenquestioned.Aaamatteroffact,modernt
heoreticalphysicshasabandonedNewton''sabsolutespaceandtime
.AsexplainedbyEinstein,motionandspacearerelativetoo.Fu
rther,spaceandtimearenowamalgamatedintospacetime.Myimpr
essionThestoryofapple.Newtonenjoyedgreatfameinhisfinal
years.HewasrecognizedthroughoutEuropeasthemostoutstandin
gmathematician-scientistofhistime(ormaybealltime).Thankyou! |
|
