【难句分析】分析:本句是一个包含非限制性定语从句的复合句,which指代逗号前的整个句子。翻译:全球不同语言使用人数的平均值仅
是6000,这意味着世界上有一半的语言的使用人数不到6000.第8讲定语从句作定语的从句被称为定
语从句,定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,关系词分为两种:1.关系代词。2.关系副词。考点1
关系代词【考题小练】1.Threemonthsago,Xireturnedtohishighschool,
tovisitalaboratoryandtalktoteachersandstudents_____
___weredesigningthesmallsatellite.who/that2.Thebooktel
lsussomeskillssuchashowtoputeverything____wehavelea
rnedfromlifeintobeautifulpictures.3.Thisisthescientis
t______nameisknownalloverthecountry.thatwhose【考点精讲】
关系代词一览表宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)人whom主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)、表语人who句法功能先
行词关系代词主语、宾语、表语人或物as主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)、表语物which主语、宾语(限制性定语
从句中可省略)、表语人或物that定语人或物whose(=ofwhom/ofwhich)句法功能先行词关系代
词1.限制性定语从句中,只用that不用which的情况(1)先行词是all,much,little,som
ething,everything,anything,nothing,none等不定代词时。Trytoa
skothersifthereisanythingthatyoucandotomaketheirday
better.(2)先行词被theonly,any,few,no,very等修饰时。Theonly
partofthemealthatIreallylikedwasthedessert.(3)先行词是形
容词的最高级或序数词或被形容词最高级、序数词修饰时。Thisisthemostinterestingfilmth
atI’veeverseen.(4)先行词既有人也有物时。Theywillneverforgetthet
hingsandpersonsthatthey’veseenorheardofduringtheirlon
gjourney.(5)主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。Whichisthebikethatyoul
ost?2.只用which不用that的情况(1)关系代词前有介词时。Weliveinanageinwhi
chmoreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbef
ore.(2)引导非限制性定语从句时。TheancientcityofPhoenixisapopular
touristattractioninChina,whichdatesbacktotheSpringand
AutumnPeriod.3.引导非限制性定语从句的as与which意为“这一点”或“这件事”等引导的非限制性定语从
句通常放在主句之后which意为“正如……”,后面的谓语动词多用see,know,expect,say,m
ention,report等引导的非限制性定语从句既可以放在主句前,也可以放在主句后,有时还可插入主句中as表意
不同位置不同Asisknowntoall,thesunrisesintheeast.After
graduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotravelling,
whichturnedouttobeawisedecision.【题组训练】1.Thevideo,_
_____lengthwasjust7seconds,hasbeenviewedmorethan19m
illiontimesinjusttwodays. 世纪金榜导学号2.Tothose_________hav
ereadthebook,theyoungactorsandactressesbroughtthecha
ractersaliveagain.?whosewho/that3.___isexpected,thes
eprogramsshouldbepositiveintheirformsaswellasfunction
s.As考点2关系副词【考题小练】1.Solongasyousticktoit,themoment
willdefinitelycome_____youcanhaveyourdreamcometrue.
2.WhenIturnedaround,Isawaredcarlikemyowncomeouto
fthestreet______Ihadparked.whenwhere【考点精讲】关系副词一览表原因状语
原因why地点状语地点、情形、状况、活动、关键点等where时间状语时间when句法功能先行词关系副词
Unfortunately,fewpeoplespeakEnglishintheenvironmentwher
ewelive.Mygrandmotherlivedinagenerationwhenwomenwer
elookeddownupon.Doyouknowthereasonwhyhedidn’tattend
themeeting?【点津】(1)如果定语从句修饰point,situation,part,stage,co
ndition和case等表示抽象意义的词,定语从句常用where引导,意思是“到了某种地步,在某种境况下”(前提是从句
中缺少状语)。(2)当way表示方法、方式作先行词,且后面的定语从句缺少方式状语时可以用that或inwhich引导定语
从句,也可以省略关系词。如果后面定语从句中缺少宾语,要用that或which引导定语从句,也可以省略关系词。What
surprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbutthewayinwhich(that/不填)
hesaidit.【题组训练】1.Therearetimes_____nothingseemstogo
ourway.Sowhatdowedoaboutit?2.Veryfewparentsareag
itatingfor(倡导)computerinstructioninpoorschooldistricts,
______theremaybebarelyenoughmoneytopaytheteacher.wh
enwhere3.Shedidn’ttellmethereason____sherefusedtheo
ffer.4.Theyhavereachedthepoint______theyhavetosepara
tefromeachother. 世纪金榜导学号whywhere考点3介词+关系代词【考题小练】1.Ist
histhepenwith______youwrotetheletter?2.Thisistheman
_____whomIlearntthenews.3.Thereason___whichherefuse
dtogotothepartywasthattheyhadnotinvitedhimto.whic
hfromfor【考点精讲】在“介词+关系代词”中介词的选择依据1.定语从句中动词与介词的搭配Windpower
isanancientsourceofenergytowhichwemayreturninthene
arfuture.2.定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配习惯Heboughtthecarformorethan
$20,000,withwhichhisfatherwasangry.3.根据句意或者先行词与介词的搭配习
惯确定介词Iamlookingformyglasses,withoutwhichIcan’twatch
TVclearly.4.表示所属关系的ofwhich/whomRecently,Iboughtananci
entvase,thepriceofwhichwasveryreasonable.注意:the+n.
+ofwhich(whom)可与whose+n.互换。5.表示整体与部分关系的ofwhich/whomHehas
tencousins,theyoungestofwhomisveryclever.【点津】选择介词的3个
原则1.根据句子意思表达的需要;2.根据从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配习惯;3.根据先行词和介词的搭配习惯。
【题组训练】1.Thetwothings__whichtheyfeltproudwereJim’sgol
dwatchandDella’shair.2.Thisisnotthebookof______theteacherspokeinclass.3.Theman,from______Ilearnedthenews,isanengineer.ofwhichwhom【高考呈现】1.(2018·全国卷I)Themediannumberofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld’slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat. |
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